Tunku Abdul Rahman College

Advanced Diploma in Science AACS5274 Web Services

Tutorial 6 1. List and describe the main categories of Web Services in detail. Answer: - Microsofts .Net Framework Windows is well established as the most popular desktop environment, and many developers use Microsoft tools for both client-and server-side applications. Microsoft is adding Web services support throughout its .NET platform, in which every program is potentially a Web service, and all transports can use XML protocols. Application servers The J2EE community, comprised of application server vendors, is adding Web services application programming interfaces (APIs) to Java servlets, classes, and beans, making XML integration and Web services part of the core application server definition. Integration brokers Vendors in this middleware market segment are using Web services for enterprise application and business-to-business (B2B) integration, bridging Web services applications inside and outside the firewall. Database vendors Vendors in this group are focusing on the use of Web services to provide a means of accessing database tables and stored procedures. ERP, CRM, and others These packaged application vendors are adding Web services interfaces for integrating those packages with other packages and software systems. Web services platform Vendors in this market segment are developing and supplying Web services infrastructure products as independent, or self-contained, products.

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2.

With the aid of diagram, demonstrate how each implementation architecture work. a. An application server exposes back-end technologies using a Web Service interface. Answer:

Web services map messages to server objects As Web services are not executable, much of the value in the development environment, such as J2EE and the .NET Framework, remains within the programming languages beneath the Web services. Web services represent another means of exchanging information with the application server, which still performs the main job of application development and integration. The programs and classes represent a variety of back-end technologies accessed using the application server, including Enterprise JavaBeans, .NET classes, message queues, and CORBA objects. procedure.

b. Web Service interface is used to access database tables and stored Answer:

Web services map messages to databases 2-tier This Web services implementation architecture in which a Web services interface is used to access a database table or a stored procedure.

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c. In an integration broker architecture, a web services interface map to A2A and B2B product. Answer:

Web services map message to queues This Web services implementation architecture in which a Web services interface maps directly to a queued message system, such as Java Messaging Service (JMS) or to a B2B server. In both cases, the SOAP message is treated as input to an asynchronous communication system for processing. The message is stored in a persistent queue or database and is forwarded to another queue for processing. Finally, results are written to a reply queue. In this way, Web services represent another way into and out of existing B2B and application-to-application (A2A) integration broker products. For an integration broker vendor, the main value remains within the adapters, transformers, routers, and other parts of the toolkit.

d. A web services can be implemented for packaged application architecture. Answer:

Web services map messages to packaged applications Figure 6.4 illustrates the Web services implementation architecture for packaged application software such as ERP, CRM, and accounting/billing systems. For an ERP or a CRM system, the primary value remains in the features and functions of the software package as related to business operation support. Web services, therefore, basically represent getting data in and out, albeit a widely adopted and supported. Packaged-application software vendors, such as Baan, PeopleSoft, SAP, Siebel, and others, also are offering integration products using Web services technology.

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e. A web services broker focusing value on the Web services lay on. Answer:

Web services brokers integrate them all Figure 6.4 illustrates the Web services implementation architecture that focuses on the value inherent in the Web services layer. Web services have value because they are widely adopted and implemented, allowing multiple disparate software domains to be integrated. Require certain functionality: process flow, security, reliable messaging, transactions, and so on. Web services brokers, such as IONA's, XMLBus Edition, are built to provide this value. In this way, disparate software domains are bridged, multiple vendor Web services implementations are joined, and new applications are created from a combination of old ones.

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3.

Compare and contrast the .NET and J2EE in the Web Service implementation platform. Answer: CRITERIA Fundamental Design and Support for Web Services J2EE FRAMEWORK Support for Web Services is through a pack of APIs such as Java API for XML Messaging (JAXM), Java API for XML Processing (JAXP), Java API for XML Registries (JAXR), and Java API for XML-based RPC (JAX-RPC). .NET FRAMEWORK Web Services are built right into the platform and Microsoft .NET framework provides ready support for Web Services standards such as SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI.

Implementation

The implementation of Web Services in J2EE will typically be done through Enterprise JavaBeans (EJBs). You can, however, also have standalone Java applications providing Web Services implementation. It all depends on how the business processing and data logic layer of an application is designed and built.

The implementation of Web Services in .NET framework will typically be done in .NET managed components, including managed classes and COM/COM+ components.

Pricing

Expensive as compared to MS.NET, however, if a company already has a J2EE-based application server platform, it makes much more sense to use the existing infrastructure and assets.

Much cheaper as compared to J2EE-based application servers. J2EE, however, is still a better choice for industry-strength server side applications.

Tools and Servers

There are multiple companies that have built IDEs and application servers based on J2EE. A majority of these companies have already started supporting Web Services creation, deployment and execution within their products. The level of sophistication and support for Web Services standards differs from product to product.

Microsoft's cornerstone development tool (IDE ? Integrated Development Environment) for Web Services is Visual Studio .NET, sure to be as popular as their robust and easy to use Visual Studio. Web Services enabled servers from Microsoft include BizTalk 2002 and SQL Server 2000.

Promoting Companies

Multiple (independent) Page 5 of 9

All the tools, servers, and

companies including IBM, BEA Systems, Oracle, HP, Sun Microsystems. All these companies will be providing support for Web Services in their J2EE-based development tools and application servers. This is a comforting factor, as there are competing products in this technology, which also means that there is no monopoly of a single company. Maturity of Platform J2EE has proven to be a robust, scalable and a mature platform over the last four years. Addition of support for Web Services is just another feature for this platform.

technology are controlled by a single company ? Microsoft. Although there is no question about Microsoft's stability and commitment towards Web Services technology, without competition ? the technology promoted and offered may not be the best.

Although .NET inherits a lot of features from Windows DNA architecture, it is still relatively new and has to prove itself to be able to offer an enterprise-wide framework.

4.

Does .NET mean an Internet operating system? Discuss? Answer: Does .NET Mean an Internet Operating System? Bill Gates's announcement of .NET included a description of .NET as the equivalent of Windows for the Internet. If you had a service you relied on within the Windows operating system in the past, he said, in the future you would rely on the equivalent service over the Internet. If you needed to store a file, set a date in your calendar, send e-mail, or invoke any type of programmatic service, you would do so using .NET or Web services instead of using an operating system service. This vision is as broad and compelling as it is fantastic. Imagine depending on the Internet or a Web service the way you'd rely on a desktop operating system service! Still, the idea of assembling applicationsand computing platformsout of standard components, the way you'd put together a PC, signifies great potential change in software development and deployment.

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5.

Implementation architectures of Web Services vary according to the degree to which the Web services layer is apportioned value in the overall solution. Suggest and explain one of the implementation architectures of Web Services in detail, support your answer with a diagram.
Answer: Any of the following implementation architecture will be accepted (with a diagram and explanation). i. An application Server exposes back-end technologies using a Web services interface

Figure above illustrates the Web services implementation architecture in which .NET and J2EE application servers expose programs and classes as Web service components. The programs and classes represent a variety of back-end technologies accessed using the application server, including Enterprise JavaBeans, .NET classes, message queues, and CORBA objects, to name a few ii. A web services interface is used to access database tables and stored procedures

figure above illustrates the Web services implementation architecture in which a Web services interface is used to access a database table or a stored procedure. This type of access can be thought of as a two-tier architecture, unlike the application server architecture, which includes a middle tier for business logic that is developed and managed independently of the back tier for data access. iii. In an integration broker architecture, a Web services interface maps to A2A and B2B products

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Figure 8-3 illustrates the Web services implementation architecture in which a Web services interface maps directly to a queued message system, such as Java Messaging Service (JMS) or MQSeries, or to a B2B server, such as IONA's Orbix E2A Collaborate. In both cases, the SOAP message is treated as input to an asynchronous communication system for processing. The message is stored in a persistent queue or database and is forwarded to another queue for processing. Finally, results are written to a reply queue. In this way, Web services represent another way into and out of existing B2B and application-to-application (A2A) integration broker products. For an integration broker vendor, the main value remains within the adapters, transformers, routers, and other parts of the toolkit. iv. A web services interface can be implemented for a packaged application architecture

Figure 8-4 illustrates the Web services implementation architecture for packaged application software such as ERP, CRM, and accounting/billing systems. For an ERP or a CRM system, the primary value of the application remains in the features and functions of the software package as related to business operation support. Web services, therefore, basically represent another means of getting data in and out, albeit a widely adopted and supported means. Packaged-application software vendors, such as Baan, PeopleSoft, SAP, Siebel, and others, also are starting to offer integration products using Web services technology. v. A web services broker focuses on value in the Web service layer- put all together.

Figure 8-5 illustrates the Web services implementation architecture that focuses on the value inherent in the Web services layer. A business process flow engine or other means of orchestration lies at the center of the value proposition in this architecture, which depends on the relationship among Web services to achieve or to create new applications at a higher level of abstraction. In other words, Web services have value because they are widely adopted and implemented, allowing multiple disparate software domains to be integrated. The process of integrating such domains requires certain functionality above the core Web services standards, such as process flow, security, reliable messaging, transactions, and so on. Web services brokers, such as IONA's Orbix E2A XMLBus Edition, are built to provide this value. In this way, disparate software domains are bridged, multiple vendor Web services implementations are joined, and new applications are created from a combination of old ones.

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6.

Categories of Web Services vary according to the degree to which Web Services layer is apportioned value in the overall circumstances. List and describe FIVE (5) main categories of Web Services in detail. Answer: - Microsofts .Net Framework Windows is well established as the most popular desktop environment, and many developers use Microsoft tools for both client-and server-side applications. Microsoft is adding Web services support throughout its .NET platform, in which every program is potentially a Web service, and all transports can use XML protocols. Application servers The J2EE community, comprised of application server vendors, is adding Web services application programming interfaces (APIs) to Java servlets, classes, and beans, making XML integration and Web services part of the core application server definition. Integration brokers Vendors in this middleware market segment are using Web services for enterprise application and business-to-business (B2B) integration, bridging Web services applications inside and outside the firewall. Database vendors Vendors in this group are focusing on the use of Web services to provide a means of accessing database tables and stored procedures. ERP, CRM, and others These packaged application vendors are adding Web services interfaces for integrating those packages with other packages and software systems. Web services platform Vendors in this market segment are developing and supplying Web services infrastructure products as independent, or self-contained, products.

7.

A local Business-to-Business (B2B) company needs to adapt Web Services technologies to the current system to improve their system efficiency. With the aid of a diagram, suggest the most appropriate Web Services implementation architecture for the company mentioned. Answer:

Figure illustrates the Web services implementation architecture in which a Web services interface maps directly to a queued message system, such as Java Messaging Service (JMS) or MQSeries, or to a B2B server, such as IONA's Orbix E2A Collaborate. In both cases, the SOAP message is treated as input to an asynchronous communication system for processing. The message is stored in a persistent queue or database and is forwarded to another queue for processing. Finally, results are written to a reply queue. In this way, Web services represent another way into and out of existing B2B and application-to-application (A2A) integration broker products. For an integration broker vendor, the main value remains within the adapters, transformers, routers, and other parts of the toolkit. Page 9 of 9