The

The media is the hard Aluminum and coated gives a typical rust bro Unlike the floppy disk hard disk drive is perm mechanism, hence it drive. Both sides of the disk

The Pla

Hard disk surface is fo circular paths of data Each track is sub-divi The density of tracks 1024 tracks (maximum where as a floppy disk tracks on one surface The number of sector the floppy disk, i.e., 17 or 15 sectors/tracks.

The Pla

The platters and head a disk drive.

Read/W

The Hard Disk Driv to electrically induc recording surface o

Read/Write

One head assembly is pr surface The R/W head assembly device It can move linearly to ac over the entire disk surfac All the heads are mounte This assumes the access Track 0 of the surface 0,1 all surfaces simultaneous called as Cylinder 0. (of accesses the track 0 When the entire head car

Read/Write

Carriage

Carriage actuation in a FD motor. Actuation in a HDD which motor or by the voice coil the drive. A stepper motor moves in continuously. The stepperthe rack and motor is mec Sometimes carriage by a split steel b also used. spindle. Usually each step of the m

Carriage A

Voice co

Voice coil method of actu capacity drives. The voice coil mechanism assembly by pure electro Typically in a hard disk, v and surrounding a station Coil mechanism is conne As the coil is energized it magnet causing the head assembly. backwards. The tracks on this surface

Voice coil a

Voice coil a

It determines and control each track thus enabling disk.

Hard Disk S

Spindle motor, also some is responsible for turning the hard drive to operate. All PC hard disks use ser

Cylinde

Sectors

A hard disk drive is cut (fi thousands of small arcs, sector and holds 512 byte

Hard Disk Interfac

The interface is the comm all the data flows that is r disk. Nowadays there are reall for hard disks: IDE/ATA a Integrated Drive its variants. Electronics / Presence of IDE/ATA con Most popular interface used in motherboards makes this known as IDE. most people than going w IDE drives were the SCSI ho first ones the addition of a controller onto the hard disk its

First hard disks to have integra using the IDE/ATA interface bu

Integrated Drive Electronics /AT

Later, chipset manufa IDE/ATA hard disk co so that instead of con controller card, they w the motherboard. Connection between t Integrated Drive Electronics /AT A disks is 16 bits wide, s passed at a time betw First formal standard defi hard disk. interface was are suppo Two drives submitted t Western Digital, special " channel, with created that commands sent f

IDE I

Small Computer S

Small Computer Systems and pronounced "skuzzy" interface than IDE/ATA, a situations, usually in high

SATA

New high-speed serial interface for mass storag that will eventually replac Parallel ATA (PATA), the current mass storage attachment standard. Advantages of increased bandwidth 150-300 Mb/s compared to 100 Mb/s fo Master and longer ca slave ju PATA, thinner, lower Voltages and no jumpers.

IDE/EIDE