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STATISTICAL ANALYSIS ON THE AMOUNTS OF RAINFALL IN REGION VII

A Requirement for the Third Quarter

Submitted by: Axel Krizza A. Cabalhug Kimver Louie S. Nuez Lourdon B. Villacarlos

Submitted to: Ms. Arlene V. Cahoy-Agosyo Math Elective Teacher

JANUARY 2012

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Late in ancient times, measuring the amount of rain that showers every year, every month was very important to the community. By knowing how much rainfall would fall during those times secures them on the preparedness in terms of agricultural and governing activities. Rain Meters or rain gauges as we call it nowadays was not a new technology as we think of it now yet was already evident during the old times. In the Philippines, solar-powered rain gauges has been installed nationwide which is developed by the Advanced Science and Technology Institute (ASTI) in cooperation with the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) and the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAG-ASA). As of October 2011, there are 93 automatic solar-powered rain gauges installed in the Philippines. Four of these are in Region VII, specifically Bohol, Cebu, Negros Oriental and Siquijor provinces. The researchers are interested in studying the frequency of occurrences of rain in Region VII, using the data found in the locations where these rain gauges are installed. Another is the amount of rainfall by comparing their data to the other data previously gathered.

For the rain gauge that will be used is automated, results will be gathered from the Philippine Real-Time Environment Data Acquisition and Interpretation for ClimateRelated Tragedy Prevention and Mitigation (PREDICT) Website. 1.2 Objectives of the Study

The main aim of this study is to be able to compare amounts of rainfall during the months October and November in Region VII. The specific aims are to:
1. Acquire data about the amount of rainfall in Region VII, through the

PREDICT website which uses automatic rain gauges and; 2. Compare the data obtained through interpreting it to two graphs, one for the rainfall amounts and the other one for the standard deviations of each of the four provinces data.

1.3 Significance of the Study Rain gauges have been vital in determining future calamities or economical changes. Through our study, people will be able to prepare as to what may be an outcome, either another calamity or an economic crisis. Also, the graphs that will be a result of this study will serve as data that will provide comparisons between the four provinces in Region VII and will help researches focusing about determining possible future occurrences in the said region.

1.3 Scope and Limitations The research would include only the four automatic rain gauges made by ASTI to the places in Region VII, specifically Bohol, Cebu, Negros Oriental and Siquijor and monitored by the PREDICT website. It would be oblivious to the data brought by other rain gauges located in the Region VII and in other places not included in the PREDICT website. METHODOLOGY

A rain gauge is a device that measures the amount of rainfall, in millimeters, in a span of time. The process of determining the amount differs for some types of rain gauges. An Automatic Rain Gauge is a type of rain gauge, in which data is automatically transmitted by the gauge itself to an Automatic Weather Station (AWS). In the weather station, the data is recorded in a data log which will be stored for future uses such as statistical analyses, etc. Since the aim of the study is to gather data about the amount of rainfall here in Region VII and compare it to other records gathered from other rain gauges, data collection will be done through utilizing existing records. These are the stored data transmitted by the Automatic Rain Gauge to its weather station. The said data is accessible online at the URL: http://efcos.asti.dost.gov.ph/predict/stations.php

After data gathering, the data will be studied and analyzed through graphing and computation of statistical variables. Graphing the data itself will be done through the use of a line graph. The values in the yaxis are the amounts of rainfall and the values in the x-axis are the different time intervals. In calculating the statistical variables, first, the mean of the data will be calculated using

the formula:

The mean will serve as the average amount of rainfall, then, the variance will also be calculated so that we would be able to get the standard deviation.

Through calculating the standard deviation, we are now able to determine which values in the data are considered normal and which are considered above or below normal.

BIBLIOGRAPHY Stations. (n.d.). Retrieved October 20, 2011, from Philippine Real-Time Environment Data Acquisition and Interpretation for Climate-Related Tragedy Prevention and Mitigation: http://efcos.asti.dost.gov.ph/predict/stations.php How to Calculate Standard Deviation. (n.d.). Retrieved October 20, 2011, from HubPages: http://drax.hubpages.com/hub/deviation Standard Deviation and Variance. (n.d.). Retrieved October 20, 2011, from MathsIsFun: http://www.mathsisfun.com/data/standard-deviation.html

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