POLS3515: China: 21st Century Superpower?

Autumn 2011 Mondays and Wednesdays 13:00-14:30 Seminar Room: Founders College (FC) 106 Course Instructor: James Manicom E-mail jmanicom@balsillieschool.ca Office Hours: Mon 14:30-15:30 Wed 14:30-15:30 Course Description: This course compares different theories, perspectives and concepts for studying Chinas relations with the outside world. The course focuses on the post1949 period, with emphasis on the post-Mao period of reform and opening since 1978. The course will draw linkages between international political economy, security studies and China studies. The unifying question is whether it makes sense to discuss China and superpower status in the twenty-first century? We will examine the role of the state, societal actors, military power, international politics and diplomacy in the process of Chinas rise. We will analyze the implications of Chinas outward expansion for its region and the world order and in turn for Chinas own domestic transition. Specific focus will be given to national development, , trade, and international financial and monetary relations and international security. The course will also cover a range of related themes including economic statecraft, foreign aid, regionalization, regionalism, foreign policy, security studies, gender relations, sustainable development and environmental protection. Focused attention will be given to social science methods for researching the political economy of Chinas rise. Requirements: The course readings are mandatory and have been carefully selected to highlight competing and contrasting perspectives, conceptual approaches, and research methodologies for each topic. The readings allow for focused and advanced evaluation of the strength and limitations of the competing scholarly works of Chinese politics and international relations. The course readings are representative of the most advanced works in the fields. There are three written assignments for the course. The first is a take-home assignment, which will be distributed in class. The second is an analytical paper, not to exceed eight pages. The first paper will be based on the readings in the first five weeks of the seminar. The third is a research design and final term paper writing assignment, and should not exceed 12 pages. Your project design should be developed in keeping with the themes of the seminar and in consultation with the instructor. Papers must be submitted before or on the deadline. Penalty of 1 mark per day will be applied after the deadline. Students are expected to come to class prepared to discuss the assigned readings.

Each week, students will hand in points to register for each required reading for the class. The grade for oral participation will be based on the students ability to draw on the assigned reading materials when raising points or questions in class.

Grade Breakdown Take-home assignment 15% Analytical Paper 20% Class Participation 25% (points to register 10%, and oral participation 15%) Project Design & Final Research Paper 40%
Course Materials: There is no textbook for this course, due to the innovative nature of the course. Rather, we will use a variety of articles, conference papers, government publications, and policy and media commentaries. The required readings are listed below. Students are responsible for procuring the readings!

It is expected that students will read all course materials.

Week 1 (Sept 12 & 14): Course Introduction and What is a Superpower? Sept 12 Course instructor will provide overview course expectations and content Sept. 14 Discussion: What is a superpower? WATCH: Martin Jaques, Understanding the Rise of China, TED Talks, October 2010. http://www.ted.com/talks/martin_jacques_understanding_the_rise_of_china.html READ: Wang Jisi, America Will Still Be the Only Superpower for the Next 20 Years, Xinhua, August 2 2011. http://watchingamerica.com/News/115097/america-will-still-be-the-only-superpower-forthe-next-20-years/ Week 2 (Sept 19 & 21): Conventional Debates on China and the World Discussion: 1. Does the official view match the outside discussion? 2. Why the disjuncture? 3. What are the main lines of the conventional debates?

READ: Hu Jintao, Unswervingly Following the Path of Peaceful Development, Report to the 17th Party Congress, October 24, 2007. Free online access: <http://english.gov.cn/2007-10/24/content_785505_10.htm> G. John Ikenberry, The Rise of the China and the Future of the West: Can the Liberal System Survive?, Foreign Affairs, January-February 2008.

Stefan Halper, Beijings Coalition of the Willing, Foreign Policy, July-August 2010. Erich Follath, The Dragons Embrace - Part 1: Chinas Soft Power is a Threat to the West, Der Speigel, July 28, 2010 Free online access: <http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,708645,00.html> Erich Follath, The Dragons Embrace - Part 2: How China Cultivates Relations with the World, Der Speigel, July 28, 2010 Free online access: <http//www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,708645-2,00.html> Part I The Political Economy of Chinas Rise

Week 3 (Sept 26 & 28): Theorizing Power, Key Concepts Discussion: 1. Analytical utility of rising powers 2. Theorizing and conceptualizing power 3. Linking security to political economy

Required reading: Steve Chan, Is There a Power Transition between the US and China? The Different Faces of National Power, Asian Survey, 45:5 (2005), pp. 681-701. Mark Beeson, Hegemonic Transition in East Asia? The dynamics of Chinese and American power, Review of International Studies, 35 (2009), pp. 95-112. Stanley Hoffman, Notes on the Elusiveness of Modern Power, International Journal, 30(2), Spring 1975, pp.183-206. Susan Strange, What is Economic Power and Who has It?, International Journal, 30(2), Spring 1975, pp.207-224. Week 4 (Oct 3 & 5): Political Economy of Chinas Rise *** Take-home assignment handed-out on Oct 3 *** Discussion: 1. Reform & Opening 2. TVEs and internationalization 3. Rural underside 4. Industrial reorganization for global competition 5. Urban underside

Required reading: David Zweig, Developmental Communities on Chinas Coast, Comparative Politics, 18, April 1995, pp.253-274. Dorothy Solinger, Chinas Floating Population: Implications for State and Society, in R. MacFarquhar and M. Goldman (eds.), The Paradox of Chinas Post-Mao Reforms (Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1999). Free online access to pdf: <http://www.socsci.uci.edu/~dorjsoli/Harvrev2.pdf> Ching Kwan Lee, The Labour Politics of Market Socialism, Modern China, 24(1), 1998, pp.3-33. Anita Chan and Jonathan Unger, A Chinese State Enterprise Under the Reforms: What Model of Capitalism?, The China Journal, 62, July 2009, pp.1-26.

Week 5: (Oct 10 & 12) Reading Week

Week 6: (October 17 & 19) The Role of the (Party-)State *** Take-home assignment due Oct 17 ***

Discussion:

1. What is state capacity? Why is it relevant? 2. What kind of State in China? 3. Explain the durability of the CCP 4. Policy tools and levers, mechanisms of coherence

Required reading: Dali Yang, State Capacity on the Rebound, Journal of Democracy, 14(1), January 2003, pp.43-50. Bruce Dickson, Cooptation and Corporatism in China: The Logic of Party Adaptation, Political Science Quarterly, 115(4), Winter 2000-2001, pp.517-540. Margaret Pearson, The Business of Governing Business in China: Institutions and Norms of the Emerging Regulatory State, World Politics, 57(2), January 2005, pp.296322. Gregory Chin, Innovation and Preservation: Remaking Chinas National Leadership Training System, The China Quarterly, 205, (March 2011), pp.18-39.

Week 7 (October 24 & 26): Political Economy of Chinas Rise Downside Impacts Discussion: 1. Environmental impacts 2. Gender relations 3. Labours view from the Bottom-Up 4. International implications of the downside.

Required reading: Elizabeth C. Economy, The Great Leap Backward?, Foreign Affairs, SeptemberOctober 2007. Ian Coxhead, A New Resource Curse?: Impacts of Chinas Boom on Comparative Advantage and Resource Dependence in Southeast Asia, in World Development, 35(7), 2007, pp.1099-1119. David Zweig and Bi Jianhai, Chinas Global Hunt for Energy, Foreign Affairs, 84:5 (September/October 2005), pp. 25-38 Marc Blecher, Globalization, Structural Reform and Labour Politics in China, Global Labour Journal, 1(1), 2010, pp.92-111. Free online access: <http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1025&context=globalla bour> Veronica Pearson, A Broken Compact: Wormens Health in the Reform Era, in Lowell Dittmer and Guoli Liu, eds, Chinas Deep Reform: Domestic Politics in Transition (Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2006), pp. 431-449. ON COURSE RESERVE Part II Chinas Outward Expansion Week 8: (Oct. 31 & Nov 2) Foreign Policy-Making Discussion: 1. Traditional approaches to foreign policy 2. New factors: image management 3. Economic security in a globalized world 4. New Imprints 5. Strategic considerations

Required reading: David Shambaugh, Coping with a Conflicted China, Washington Quarterly, 34:1 (Winter 2011), pp. 7-27. Simon Rabinovitch, The Rise of an Image-Conscious China, China Security, 4(3), Summer 2008, pp.33-47. http://www.chinasecurity.us/pdfs/cs11_2.pdf

Jiang Yong, Economic Security: Redressing Imbalances, China Security, 3(2), Spring 2007, pp.66-85. www.wsichina.org/cs6_5.pdf David M. Lampton, Chinas Foreign and National Security Policy-Making Process: Is It Changing and Does it Matter? in David M. Lampton ed. The Making of Chinese Foreign and Security Policy in the Era of Reform, (Stanford: Stanford University Press 2001), pp. 1-38. ON COURSE RESERVE

*** Analytical paper due on Nov 7 *** Week 9 (Nov 7 & 9): Chinas Global Positioning Discussion: 1. The fulcrum of power relations 2. The impact of the Global Financial Crisis 3. Vulnerability 4. Evolving Global Role

Required reading: Geoffrey Garrett, G2 in G20: China, the United States and the World after the Global Financial Crisis, Global Policy, 1:1 (January 2010), pp.29-39. http://www.globalpolicyjournal.com/articles/world-economy-trade-and-finance/g2-g-20china-united-states-and-world-after-global-financia Pieter Bottelier, China, the Financial Crisis, and Sino-American Relations, Asia Policy, 9, January 2010, pp.121-129. Wang Jisi, Inside China, Global Asia, 5(2), Summer 2010, pp.8-11. Free online access: <http://globalasia.org/V5N2_Summer_2010/Wang_Jisi.html> Wang Yong, Domestic Demand and Continued Reform: Chinas Search for a New Model, Global Asia, 3(4), Winter 2008. Free online access: <http://globalasia.org/pdf/issue8/v3n4_Yong.pdf> Gregory Chin and Ramesh Thakur, Will China Change the Rules of the Global Order?, The Washington Quarterly, October 2010.

Week 10 (Nov 14 & 16): Regional Influence Economics and Security Discussion: 1. Chinese foreign investment in the region and elsewhere 2. Trends and patterns of Chinas regional economic expansion 3. China threat or opportunity for neighbours

4. Diplomatic offensive; soft power? Required reading: Stephen Frost, Chinese Outward Direct Investment in Southeast Asia: How Big are the Flows and What Does it Mean for the Region?, The Pacific Review, 17(3), 2004, pp.323-340. David Shambaugh, China Engages Asia: Reshaping the Regional Order, International Security, 29(3), Winter 2004-2005, pp.64-99. Gregory Chin and Richard Stubbs, China, Regional Institution-Building, and the ChinaASEAN Free Trade Area, Review of International Political Economy (forthcoming 2011). Joshua Kurlantzick, Chinas Charm: Offensive: Implications of Chinese Soft Power, Carnegie Endowment for Peace, Policy Brief No.47, June 2006. Free online access: http://carnegieendowment.org/files/KurlantzickPolicyBrief.pdf James Manicom, Beyond Boundary Disputes: The Nature of Chinas Challenge to Maritime East Asia, Harvard Asia Quarterly, 2: 3&4, (Winter 2010), pp. 46-53. http://asiaquarterly.com/2010/12/24/understanding-the-nature-of-china%E2%80%99schallenge-to-maritime-east-asia/ Week 11 (Nov 21 & 23): Chinas Financial Rise and the Dollar Order Discussion: 1. Japan as international creditor - the limits 2. Chinas rise as a creditor, trends and patterns 3. Limits to Chinas influence as a creditor 4. Limits on the US?

Required reading: Benjamin Cohen, The Future of Reserve Currencies, Finance and Development, 46(3), September 2009, pp.26-29. Free online access: <http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2009/09/pdf/cohen.pdf> Gregory Chin and Eric Helleiner, China as a Creditor: A Rising Financial Power?, Journal of International Affairs 62(1), October 2008, pp. 87-102. Daniel Drezner, Bad Debts: Assessing Chinas Financial Influence in Great Power Politics, International Security, 34(2), Fall 2009, pp.7-45. Helen Thompson, China and the Mortgaging of America: Economic Interdependence and Domestic Politics (Basingtoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010), introduction

Free online access: <http://www.palgrave.com/PDFs/9780230243590.Pdf>

Week 12 (Nov. 28 & 30 ): China and Regional and Global Order Discussion: 1. Revisit week 1: Is China challenging International Order? 2. Discuss Chinas regional and global security and economic preferences 3. Security implications of austerity 4. Which is the revisionist state? China or the United States?

Required reading: Robert J. Art, The United States and the Rise of China: Implications for the Long Haul, Political Science Quarterly, 125:3 (Fall 2010), pp. 359-391. Gideon Rachman, Think Again: American Decline, Foreign Policy, (January/February 2011), http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/01/02/think_again_american_decline Randall L. Schweller and Xiaoyu Pu, After Unipolarity: Chinas Visions of International Order in an Era of US Decline, International Security 36:1 (Summer 2011), pp. 41-72. Barry Buzan, China in International Society: Is Peaceful Rise Possible? The Chinese Journal of International Politics, 3, (2010), pp. 5-36.

*** Final term paper due Monday Dec 12 *** Week 13 (Dec. 5) Canadas China Relations Discussion 1. What is the basis of the Canada-China relationship? 2. Does Canada influence China? How? 3. Does the Canada-China relationship need improvement? Limits?

Paul Evans, Canada, Meet Global China, International Journal, Spring 2006, pp.283297. Bruce Gilley and Paul Evans, Reawakening Canadas China Policy, Canadian Foreign Policy, (June 2008), pp. 121-139 Wenran Jiang, Seeking a Strategic Vision for Canada-China Relations, International Journal, Autumn 2009, pp.891-910. Bruce Gilley, Middle Powers During Great Power Transitions: Chinas Rise and Canada-US Relations, International Journal, (Spring 2011), 245-264).