Catalogue of Greek Coins

in

The

Hunterian CoUeftion

This

Catalogue

of the

Greek Coins

in

the

Hunterian Colledion

University of Glasgow

has been presented to the University by

James Stevenson of Hailie

CATALOGUE OF GREEK COINS

IN

THE

HUNTERIAN COLLECTION
UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW

VOLUME

I.

ITALY, SICILY, MACEDON, THRACE,

AND THESSALY

GEORGE MACDONALD,
LECTURER
IN

M.A.

GREEK

IN

THE UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW

GLASGOW JAMES MACLEHOSE AND SONS

JPttblishers to the gtnibcvaitjj

1899

MEMORIAE

GVLIELMI HVNTER
CVM AESCVLAPII TVM MVSARVM
CVLTORIS INDEFESSI

NECNON
ALMAE MATRIS FILII OPTIME MERITI
D D D

PEEFATOEY NOTE
BY THE KEEPER OF THE HUNTERIAN MUSEUM
The Catalogue of which the first part now appears owes its existence to a suggestion made some thirteen years ago by Mr. James Stevenson, that the Greek coins in the Hunterian Collection should be made more available for study by
being catalogued and photographically illustrated, that suggestion being accom-

panied by a munificent
tion.

offer to

bear the whole expense of printing and publicain a

At

the time

it

seemed impossible to meet Mr. Stevenson's wish

or of his generosity
:

manner
in

worthy

of the

Collection

indeed, the scheme remained

abeyance long enough for most people to have given up interest in a proposal

which was not carried

matter.

out.

Mr. Stevenson, however, did not lose sight of the

when Mr. George Macdonald accepted my invitation to undertake the work, the responsibility for the offer made nine years before was promptly and cordially accepted, the necessary sum being shortly afterwards placed in the
Accordingly,

hands of Mr. Macdonald, Mr. James J. \lacLehose and myself as trustees, and every arrangement made by Mr. Stevenson to facilitate uninterrupted progress.
rather the Since Mr. Macdonald began work in 1894 no time has been lost progress has been remarkable when account is taken of the difiiculties. To begin
:

with, the Collection had to be

completely rearranged, a geographical order being

which the coins had remained since they Again, Combe had described only the autonomous pieces, but reached Glasgow. coinages for the same areas, it was now necessary to include the imperial and regal while additional trouble was caused by the fact that since Combe's time the
substituted
for the alphabetical one in

trays

had got somewhat out of

order, not everyone

who had

to

do with them

having been careful to replace specimens in the right compartments. Lastly, there was a large, too large a gathering of Nummi Incerti, which had to be cleared up, as far as possible, before confidence could be felt in the finality of the
arrangement.

The

uncertainties are

now mainly

specific rather

than generic, being

b

ii

PREFATORY NOTE
confined
to difiiculties

chiefly

of attribution

within an area or an epoch.

The

preliminaries were in a sense the chief

work

of the Catalogue,

and their settlement

Avrote,

warrants

me

in

calling

attention to

the comparatively short time taken to deal

with these, to meet the

the selection of coins for

no inducements to
successful

offer

and to make illustration. In inviting Mr. Macdonald's assistance, I had beyond the pleasure of the work and the credit which its
critical questions raised since

Combe

accomplishment was sure to bring.

tastes
;

combined scholarship with archaeological

These were sufficient to one who and I gladly take this opportunity
his

of acknowledging the fidelity with which Mr.

Macdonald has discharged

its

wholly

honorary task, and the unsparing energy which he has given to

accomplishment.

The selection of Collotypes as the mode of reproducing the coins is one for which I take the sole responsibility, and my confidence in Mr. James Gardner's skill has been amply justified. In the first conversation I had with Mr. Stevenson publication in GlasgoAv was made a condition, but it was found desirable to place the printing with a firm which already possessed most of the specialities of block and
type required.

The succeeding

parts will be issued with the least possible delay.

JOHN YOUNG,
Keeper.

M.D.,

honteeian musitjm,
University op Glasgow.
2lst January, 1899.

PEE FACE
This Catalogue has but few features
It

in
it

common with Charles Combe's well-known

Bescriptio.

was with genuine regret that I found

impossible to build upon that time-honoured foundation.

But the

alphabetical arrangement had of necessity to give place to the geographical, while

among

other changes demanded by modern methods was the inclusion of several series that
set aside for separate treatment.

Combe had
of coins

As a consequence
doubled.

of this extension the whole

number
is

to be dealt

with has been

much more than

The geographical

order followed

practically

that laid

down by Eckhel.

For Northern Greece, however, the important modifications suggested

of mechanical convenience have led to the

by Head have been adopted, while considerations

Grave being gathered into a group by
itself.

Aes

In addition to the weights of the gold and

silver

pieces those of the autonomous bronze coins are recorded.

The

brief notes that

accompany the
to guide

chronological headings

make no

pretence to completeness.

They

are

mere finger-posts

those

who

are not specialists through

is

what might otherwise prove

a confusing wilderness of detail.

Assistance of a like kind

furnished in Index XI., where will be found transliterations

of

legends in unfamiliar scripts such as Oscan and Phoenician.

In inserting aids of this

sort,

have not been without hope that the book may serve to quicken an interest in the study of
ancient history and art

among the

students of the University of Glasgow, the

direct heirs of

William Hunter's noble bequest.

The second volume, with which

considerable progress has already been made, will comprise

if

the remainder of European Greece, the Islands, and the greater part,

not the whole, of Asia

Minor.

Should space permit, a place

all

will

be reserved in the third and last for the ancient

Qoins of Spain, Gaul, and Britain,

well represented in the Cabinet, and also for an appendix

showing precisely how each of the pieces described by Combe has been disposed of in the

new

Catalogue.
Scholars will have no difficulty in recognising the authorities I have used.

Other works

have, of course, been consulted, but the books most constantly in

my

hands have been Head's

Hidoria

Numorum

and the Coin Catalogues issued from the British Museum.

The

latter

have done more than provide me with a general model.

The help

I have derived from them

h 2

iv

PREFACE
been so
extensive

has

and

so

varied

in

character

as

to

render

specific

acknowledgment
wherein were

altogether impossible.
laid

And

the

same may be said of Mr. Head's great

treatise,

down once

for

all

the lines along which

It is but

any attempt

at

the

chronological classification
that have elapsed

of Greek coins
since
its

must proceed.

natural that in the twelve years

publication advances should have been

made

in various directions.

Our knowledge
by the researches

of the coinages of Southern Italy, for instance, has been

of

largely increased
to

Mr. A.

J.

Evans.

All

such

recent results

have endeavoured

gather up,
Dr.

giving

references to the

books or periodicals in which they were

fruitful

originally published.

Adolf

Holm's History of Greece has been

third volume of the same author's

both in direct

and in indirect suggestion.

its

The
and

Geschichte Siciliens

im Alterthum, with

valuable

exhaustive numismatic appendix, appeared while the following pages were passing through the
press.

As the
;

footnotes will

show, I was able to

it

make some use

of the latter
at

in

revising
Its

the proofs

but I cannot help regretting that

are

was not available

it

an earlier

stage.

value and interest

enhanced by the

fact

that

was prepared with the co-operation of

Dr. J. P. Six.
in the

My

indebtedness to the writings of Dr. F. Imhoof-Blumer will be more marked

biit

succeeding volumes than in this one^

even here

it

is

heavy enough

to

call

for

special mention.

In particular I
in

may

refer

to

the important
fiir

list of corrections of Combe's

attributions, published

1874 in the

Zeitschrift

Numismatilc.

The

earlier

list

of

Dr. Julius Friedlaender {Numismatische Zeitschrift, 1870) was unfortunately not accessible to

me

until

my

re-arrangement

of

the

coins

was

almost

completed.

Among

aids

of

first

importance I must also rank, so far as they are

series of coins

already issued, the

Catalogues of the rich

in the

Koyal

Museum

at Berlin.

To

Professor Young, M.D., I

am under
to

a singularly deep obligation.

It

was he who as
has been

Keeper of the Museum invited me

compile the

Catalogue, and the whole work

carried on under the influence of his unwearying encouragement.

His

official

connection with

the book renders

least

it

impossible for

me

to

speak as freely as I should wish.

active

But

must

at

be allowed to say that without his

assistance
it

the

preliminary re-arrangement
be,

would have been a much more laborious task than

success attained in the Plates is largely due to
his

actually proved to

and that the

from which

taste

and

care.

The

casts

the photographs were taken were

all

made with
colleagues

his

own hands.
British

My
and

debt to Mr.

Head and
Enquiries

his

of the

Museum

extends

farther than

their published works. casts furnished

sometimes,

I fear, of a trivial na.ture

were

readily answered,

when

necessary.

Special thanks are

owing to Mr. AVarwick Wroth for

help in connection with the Introduction.

Besides sending
for research

me

definite information

on one or

two points regarding which no materials

to read it in proof,

were available here, he was good enough

and to give me the benefit of the criticisms and remarks dictated by his
of coin-collecting in

familiarity with the history

England.

PREFACE
As regards the proof
of the greater part of
it.

of the text, I

have had to bear the

I

sole responsibility for the correction

For the remainder

have enjoyed assistance of a quite exceptional

kind.

Professor Behrendt Pick of Gotha and Dr.

Hugo

Gaebler of the Royal Museum, Berlin,

have for a number of years past been engaged on a special study of the money of Northern
Greece, in their capacity as editors of the
of the Berlin
first

division of the

monumental Corpus

Nummorum

Akademie der Wissenschaften.

Early proofs of such portions of this Catalogue

In return they most kindly sent

as concerned

them were by request placed

of each

at their disposal.

me
this

full

notes of a careful revisal

sheet, pp.

263

287

and 327

376

being read in
of

way by Dr.

Gaebler, and pp. 377

448

by Professor Pick.

The great accumulation

ordered material at their

command made

revision by these

scholars

extremely valuable, and I

cannot be too grateful to them for the amount of trouble they have taken on behalf of the

work of another.

Thanks

are also due to

Professor

Gilbert

Murray

of this

University for help

S.

of various

kinds, and to Mr.

W. M.

Lindsay of Oxford and Professor E.

Italic coin-legends.

Conway

of Cardiff for special

communications regarding several of the

Professor Conway's Italic Dialects

it

came

into

my

hands too

late for

me

to

make almost any

use of

in the text, but

it

was of

material assistance in the preparation of Index XI.

In conclusion

have to express

my warm

appreciation of the keen personal interest with

its

which the donor of the Catalogue has followed the progress of a work that owes
to his large-minded
liberality.

existence

GEOEGE MACDONALD.
The Univeesity,
Glasgow.
January, 1899.

CONTENTS
Prefatory Note by Keeper of Hunterian

Preface

Corrections and Additions

Introduction.

Appendix

to Introduction.

Signs and Abbreviations

..... ... ... ......

Museum
. .

PAGE
i

iii

viii
.

The Hunter Coin Cabinet

ix

Dr. Hunter's Account of Purchases

xlv

Italy

Aes Grave
Etruria

Umbria Picenum Latium

Samnium
Frentani

Campania
Apulia
Calabria
.

... ...
.

... ...
-.
. . .

3
.

16
19

.21

20
22 25

26
63
61 5

Lucania

Bmttiura

Uncertain of Italy

Sicily

.120 .153
150

Macedon, Thbace,

btc.

Pangaean

District
District

Emathian
Chalcidice

Bisaltian District

Strymonian and Bottiaean Districts

... ... ...

. . . . .

263

.266

263 268 270

^'5

Kings of Macedon

Kings

of

Paeonia

Macedon Semi- Independent

Southern Coast of Thrace

...
.
.

283
^'*

Macedon under the Romans

....
.

^50 354 377

CONTENTS
PAGE

Thracian Cbersonesus
Islands of Thrace

385
388 393

European Coast

of tlje Propontis

Danubian

District

405 422 425 438 449

461

Tauric Chersonesus

Thracian Kings and Dynasts

Inland Cities of Thrace

Thessaly

Indexes

II.

III.

.... ... .....

I.

Geographical

.463
465
.

Kings and Dynasts

Types

Roman Emperors and

IV.

V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.

Symbols

Countermarks
Magistrates'

..... .....
Impeiial Personages
.
. .

466 467

480
485

IX.

X.
XI.

Names on* Autonomous Coins Magistrates' Names on Imperial Coins Roman Magistrates' Names Engravers' Names
. .

485
.

Remarkable Inscriptions,
(a)
{/3)

Greek
Latin

(y)
(S)
(e)

Oscan
Etruscan

Punic

.... ........ ...

.

...
.

488
488

489 489 489 491 492 493 493

Titles of Cities, etc.

Table of the Relative Weights of English Grains and French

Grammes

494
495

Table for converting English Inches into Millimetres and into the Measures of Mionnet's Scale

CORRECTIONS AND ADDITIONS

Page
,

xxiii

1.

27, for

octodrachms read octadrachms

t,

xxvii

footnote

for this

volume read

vol. II.

Pages 277 and 278, No. 22 should precede No.

21, following

No. 20 directly

Page
,,

328,
328,

No. 303, fcr No. 306,

jfcr

/^

read

/^

y^
'

read
'

,,

343, Nos. 1 and 3, add footnote : son. See G. F. Hill, in

458,

The head may, however, be that of Perseus, Philip's eldest Num. Chron., 1896, pp. 34 ff.' footnote, add: See, however, Num. Chron., 1898, p. 286 (Plate xix. 1), where Mr. EnrleFox, from a fine specimen in his own collection, shows that the nearer animal is a, monster resembling a centaur but having the body and legs of a bull, while the faither
one
is

a bridled horse.'

INTEODUCTION
THE HUNTEE COIN CABINET
To
the Eighteenth Century
is

mainly due the honour of re-discovering an almost forgotten aspect

of Greek and

Eoman

antiquity.

The

Italian

Humanists and the men of the Eenaissance had

beauty of ancient works of art.*

shown themselves possessed of a keen eye

the wreckage of the past.

for the

But

in the

Middle Ages such an interest was possible only

for those

who

dwelt in lands strewn thickly with

The advance
it

in civilisation that followed the concentration of power

all that.

in the hands of central governments, changed

Communication between one country and

Foreign travel was no longer
dilettanti
left

another became easier than

diplomatists,
to

had ever been

before.

to

traders

and

soldiers of fortune.

Scholars and

from

many
;

quarters began

move with comparative freedom through the towns of Italy and the Levant and, as a result, Europe suddenly woke to an enthusiastic appreciation of the scattered fragments that had survived the neglect of ages. The collecting of statuary, of vases, and of coins became a fashion, and numbers of these objects found their way northwards and westwards, particularly to England, whose rapidly increasing wealth gave her citizens the means of outbidding most of their
continental rivals.

Conspicuous among the London collectors was Dr. William Hunter, whose cabinet of coins

and medals remains the

finest

ever

got together by a private individual.

Its

trays

contain

about 30,000 specimens, of which over 12,000 are Greek and nearly the same number Eoman. Nor is it on the ground of size alone that it is remarkable. For, extensively as he purchased,

Hunter did not purchase

at

random.

Many

of the

coins

are

of extreme

rarity,

some are

Their owner, as he absolutely unique, while the great majority are in exceptionally good condition. But he kept scientific knowledge of numismatics. more than once explicitly states, possessed no
himself constantly in touch with those

who

did,

and availed himself of the advice of experts

He collected in the fault. in all cases where the instinct of the amateur was likely to be at " for pleasure." Being, however, a man of singular foresight and breadth of view first instance
*

We

Benaissance, p. 38.
Zeitschrift

Miintz, Les Pricursewi de la hear of coins as articles of merchandise in Venice as early as 1335. Cf. Dr. Rudolf Weil, Zur Oeschichte des Studiums der Numismatik, in vol. xix. of the

fur Numismatik.

X
111

INTRODUCTION
every department of intellectual
in
life,

he early became

alive to the important part that coins

might play

"the

illustration

and confirmation
afforded

of history."

exceptional opportunities for study

by a large

The more fully he realised the collection, the more generously did he

spend money and labour in the endeavour to make his own as complete as possible. Indeed, public trust, it is no exaggeration to say that he regarded the possession of his Cabinet as a

and

its

augmentation as a public duty.

it

And when he bequeathed

it

in

its

entirety to the

University of Glasgow,
to

was because he believed that such a step was most likely to lead its resources being adequately utilised "for the improvement of knowledge." The story of the formation of the Hunter Cabinet is worth telling for its own sake, and
it

incidentally

may throw

light on the character of the

In more than one respect posterity

man whose name has done William Hunter's memory

the collection bears.

scant justice.

The

materials for the following sketch have been drawn partly from the brief Latin preface to Combe's
Bescrijptio,

and partly from unpublished papers and correspondence now in the Hunterian

Museum
"

at Glasgow.

As the references show, free use has been made of the ordinary " sources
'

for

Among the original documents, which are the private history of the Eighteenth Century. Account of the sums unfortunately but fragmentary, the most valuable is the autograph expended in various years on the purchase of coins and medals; this will be found printed
'

at length in

an Appendix.

All the more interesting letters are reproduced in the course of the
receipts

narrative.

Of the

dealers'

few are sufficiently detailed to yield any information of

importance.

In 1770, Hunter, who was by this time the foremost medical

from

man

in

London, removed
large

Jermyn

Street

to

Great Windmill Street, where he had built himself a

house,

including one magnificent room specially fitted up to serve as a

to think that his taste for numismatics

museum.

There

is

some reason

developed at an earlier period.

laid.

But

it

was not until

where the

now

that the foundations of the

Coin Cabinet were really

The nucleus was formed by

at Aleppo,*

the collection of the

Eev. William Dawes,

who had

lived

some years

whole of his coins were picked up.

Syrian kings,

The catalogue

of these

has been preserved.

As was
In
all

to

be expected from the locality in which they were gathered, they are chiefly silver and bronze
of

and bronze, both autonomous and imperial, of Syrian

cities.

there
as

are about 450

in

entries.

The

actual
are

number
grouped
as
to

of specimens

is,

however, considerably larger,

many

cases

several

coins

together

under

one
of

heading

as

" duplicates."
to

Unfortunately,

misunderstanding

the

interpretation

this

word led

serious

The owner being dead, the sale was carried through by his brother, also a clergyman, the Eev. Arthur Dawes. The bargain was that Hunter should pay 220 and " return the duplicates." But buyer and seller took very different views as to what the phrase meant, and the latter was grievously disappointed when he saw how few coins were sent back. Writing from Mile End on June 29th, 1770, he says
difference of opinion about the terms

of the

purchase.

indignantly

" If

your friends, w[h]ether Duane Snelling or Sandwich,t I

letters,

care

not which,

have found out some small

I left the medals at your house, you nor myself had any Idea of Duplicates extending or being multiplyed
;

to

prove a non Duplicity

am

sure

when

As we

shall see, the

Dawes Cabinet was not the only

;

set of coins that

Hunter procured from Aleppo,

at this time the chief place of trade in Asia Minor. t

For Duane, see

p. xxii.

for Snelling, p.

xiii.

and

for

Sandwich,

p.

xiii.

INTRODUCTION
to eight or nine, at least
'tis

,,,

way of reckoning I do not understand I am not you return the Duplicates, or take the whole at 250, which 3 months ago I would not have thanked [you] for."
a
satisfyed, nor can I be, unless

How
his
to

the matter ended which,

is

uncertain.
is

The negative evidence supplied by

that

his 'Account'
to

of his purchases,
position.

however,

not absolutely reliable,* indicates

Hunter held

Dawes

is

Hunter printed

In any event the dispute caused him much annoyance. The following reply so characteristic as to be worth quoting extenso. Like the other letters of

here,

it

is

taken from an autograph draft of the original, preserved among

his papers in the

Museum,

"Sir
the character you bore, as well as from your behaviour, and from the character which I "wish to support, I expected that in our bargain about the medals we should have no difference. I would fain hope that any difiSculty which has happened may

"From

have risen from

misapprehension.

So

far

as

that

goes,

crave,

and in

my

turn

am

ready to give pardon.

But

as

we

see

of a serious

and

the transaction in a very different light, and as the hints in your letter are delicate nature, I will state my part towards you both in facts and opinions,

and leave you

to
I

your inclination.

able to say that

am

wrong.
It

And

determined that our impartial friends shall not be this shall be the last time if possible that I shall give
I

am

up

my

time to the subject.

has already taken up a great deal too much.

"1. It would give

value to be.

What

pain to take your collection for less than what I suppose their pleasure could it be (and I collect for pleasure) to look at coins for which

me

you, or your children, ought to have had more

money?

"2. I never meant, or wished to give more than their full value. " 3. I do not, nor ever pretended to judge of their value from my own knowledge think you should not. "4. I was to be determined by Mr. Snelling or Mr. Duane
be capable and honest.
;

and

because I believed them to

Their characters are irreproachable

in

and, as you know, I was guided

for

by Mr. Duane's judgement

have given more.
Gentlemen.
" 5.
It

my
Kule

bargain with Mr. Sadlerf

I

900, and I dare say the

price is very nearly a proper one.

is

made the
to
offer

offer at once.

It I

was accepted.
give,

I would not I treat

my

at

once

what

will

when

with

Gentlemen should always do so. You told me Mr. Snelling valued them

at,

or

would give 200, and that they would

bring nearly as

much without
you
told
credit

the for

Duplicates.
this

"

6.

gave

implicitly

and

meant
no
to

to

give

10

cent.

more.

However, to put an end

advanced,

to the affair in the

best way, I offered 230, which was 15

give

cent,

and

Mr.

Levett

that

I would
higgle,

more
get

for

this
less

reason

among

others that
really give,

my

pride would not let

me

and try

them

for

than I would

* A comparison of the entries with such receipts as have survived, shows that items have sometimes been forgotten. If Hunter compromised the matter by a small additional payment, as seems probable from a second letter of Dawes, he may have neglected to note it down.
t

See

p. xiii.

xii

INTRODUCTION
"

when neither of us had had much trouble ? I had taken my part. Surely you knew that I believed the whole collection was worth no more, and that I would not give more for the whole. If you did not know this, it was because

Why

did uot the matter end here,

you did not believe what I

would, you was supposing
" 7.

said,

and while I was acting and speaking, as I think a gentleman

through the part of a dealer.

me

to be going
offer,

220 and the Duplicates. I told you that I should like that better, for that it would save me 10, that I had no use for Duplicates, and did not imagine they were of much value. But I saw that chusing out the Duplicates might turn out (as it has) an affair of delicacy. I explained what I meant, viz. No medal

You made me

another

viz.

to take

was a Duplicate where there was a

or inscription.

difference in

the

hy injuries of preservation they were both necessary

Dye; and two were not duplicates, when to make out the medal either in the figures
certain

You

agreed.
;

"
it

The above
;

fact is important

am

conscious and

of

it,

Mr. Hewson remembers

distinctly

and I dare say Mr. Levet

does, tho I

have not asked him.

"7

[sic}.

Then

I paid the

220

an obligation for returning the

received the medals and, in case of accidents, gave whole; duplicates "paying 30 more or returning
or

you and

the

was hurried out from you.

"8.
viz.

Some days

after,

Mr. Levet told

me you was
it

rather uneasy about the last supposition

if

returning the whole.

I said I meant

only for your security,

you did not

like

the

Duplicates.

"9.

Now

Sir,

I have kept to

my

agreement with an upright intention in every part of the

transaction.

So far as I know I have not kept one duplicate of one shilling value, and among

the unimportant Brass of the lower

given you likewise

Empire I dare say that I have both kept duplicates and what I have no duplicate of for myself. I was tired of the labour, and
If our

would not do
regret, I

it

again for 50.

loss

bargain should be void, that will be

a considerable

mean the
The

of time.

" 10.

collection

was neither valued nor bought by the catalogue, but by Mr. Snelling's

examination of the medals themselves.

"

Now

Sir,

my

conscience
is

tells

me

that I

have not kept back one Duplicate, and that

the whole collection

not worth 250.

I will therefore keep

my

only promise

viz.

of giving

230

for the

whole or 220 returning the Duplicates which you have, or I will give up the

whole upon receiving back the 220.

In this
it

last case I shall

think myself ill-used;

but that

would give me

less uneasiness

than

would

to think that I

had used you

it

ill.

" This affair has

grown
to

so disagreeable to

me

that I must beg

may be

finished as soon

as your convenience will permit.

for time
;

I should have wrote sooner myself but I have been distress[ed]

and I wished

state

the transaction distinctly.

" P.S.

I have shewn to some Gentlemen and I shall be ready to shew you or any of your

friends (indeed I

must

insist

upon that before I part with the

Collection)

that there

is

not a
of

duplicate in

Alexr.,
8,

Lysimachus, or Arsaces.
2,

These are the instances in your

letter

my

having kept

and

and 10, duplicates.

My

Eespects to Mrs. Dawes.

I

am, &c.

INTRODUCTION

xiii

"P.S. If j'ou are still dissatififed there is a method (to which I shall readily submit) of discovering whether such dissatisfaction be reasonable or not. Submit the whole to two men of honour, and let Messrs. Snelling, Levett and Hewson give evidence. These three know every part of the transaction."

While the negotiations with Dawes were still pending, Hunter was busy in other directions. English and Papal coins and medals to the value of 169 were bought from Thomas Snelling, a well-known dealer of the day, held in repute as the author of various papers on the coinage of Great Britain and Ireland.* About midsummer the new museum was enriched by the acquisition of the Cabinet of Thomas Sadler, formerly deputy clerk of the Pells. This had been brought together in the early part of the century, and some of its contents had been mentioned in the Catalogue of the Bodleian Coins,t others in Haym's Tesoro Britannico.X As taken over by Hunter, the collection consisted of 2425 specimens, of which only about 350 were Greek. Of the remainder, 886 were Eoman imperial denarii, 196 Eoman consular denarii,
and the
rest chiefly
set

Papal and English medals, or English, Scottish and Irish

coins.

The

sum

originally

upon

it

by Sadler's

son,

who was the

seller,

was 950, an

estimate

arrived at by adding about 12 per cent, to the prices his father had paid many years before. Duane, however, whom Hunter consulted, expressed the opinion that some of the coins were over-valued, and the purchase was finally concluded for 900. It will be remembered that among those mentioned by Dawes as " friends " of Hunter there

occurred the

the notorious

name of Sandwich. This was John Montagu, fourth Earl of Sandwich, once one of monks of Medmenham, and subsequently known, from his " betrayal " of Wilkes, by

the sobriquet of

Twitcher,' whose conduct during his eleven years of ofSce as First was "as great a scandal to public as it had all along been to private morality." To judge from their correspondence, the relations between him and Hunter were never intimate, such bond of union as existed being partly numismatic and partly professional. In the spring of 1770 Isaac Jamineau, British Consul at Naples, wrote to Sandwich, whom

'Jemmy

Lord

of the Admiralty

||

he knew
of

to be a collector,

and

offered a

number

of coins for sale.

to

There

is

a delicious touch
is

humour

in his description of his wares.

"I can venture

affirm

that there

nowhere

to be found in equal of the large

numbers

so

many

rare medals and so finely preserved in any collection

and middle Bro[n]ze.

had the
*

culling of

more than one

collection.

They stand me in about 400 guineas. But then I have Amongst others that of the Prince of Concha
pp. 619

list

of these

is

given in Nichols, Literary Anecdotes,

iii.,

f.

On p. t Francis Wise, Nummorum antiquorum, scnniis Bodleianis reconditorum Catalogus (Oxen. 1750). the Introduction the author says " Viri humanissimi Tho. Sadler Arm. nummotheca indies nobis patuit.'"
:

x. of

% Niccolo Franceso
le

Haym, Del

Tesoro Britannico parte prima, overo

il

Museo Nummario,

medaglie Oreche e Latine in ogni metallo e forma non prima pubblioate, London, 1719.

An

ove si contengono English translation

appeared at the same time and place. was issued at Vienna in 1762.
Prof. J.
jl

No more was

published

but a Latin edition, revised and enlarged,

K. Laughton

in the Dictionary of National Biography.

from one of the letters that Hunter numbered among his patients Sandwich's mistress, Margaret or Martha Ray, whose murder by a rejected admirer created an immense sensation in London. The murderer, who was a She was shot as she was leaving Covent Garden Theatre on April 7th, 1779. young clergyman named James Haokman, was hanged at Tyburn. See Boswell's Life of Johnson, under date
find

We

April 16th, 1779.

xiv

INTRODUCTION
for
its

mentioned by Vaillant

rarity passed

thro

my

hands, and that by the very accident

that was provided to keep them from passing out of the family

for

as

they were entailed

they could not be sold publickly for their value, but as the

widow and son had access to them they each stole them from themselves and let me have them for half what they were worth. If I meet with a fair purchaser for the whole, I would not avail myself however of these
accidental advantages."

Sandwich found himself unable to

offer

afford

the

sum

required.

He

therefore
collectors

passed the
of medals,"
positive,"

on to

Hunter,
at the
if

whom

he

considered " one

of our

most promising

assuring

him

same time that Jamineau was

it

to be relied upon.
is

"I am very
of skill,

he says, " that

they are not worth the money,

to

owing

to his

want

and not to

any design in him

that

impose,

as

he

is

a very honest man,

and has expectations from me

satisfied

such a conduct would interfere with."

Enquiry in other quarters

Hunter that
400.*

the bargain would be a good one, and

coins,

he agreed to take over the collection

for

The
Other

which were
that
of
of

chiefly

Roman, reached London in 1771.

Leonori
of

Shortly afterwards another Italian

acquired for
of this

cabinet,

the Marchese
value

Pesaro,
in

was

200
year.

guineas.

additions

considerable

were

made

the

course

These

included

twenty-eight pieces of
of coins that
in

Eoman

gold purchased from Mr. Daltont for

73

lis., as well as a

number

had been

collected

by Dr. Murdoch Mackenzie^ during

thirty-six

years' residence

Smyrna and Constantinople.

In 1772 Snelling continued to

buy

freely

for

Hunter,

who during

that

year paid

him

about 400.

The cabinet
en
bloc
series

of Mr. Peter Sainthill, a

for

famous London surgeon recently deceased,

chiefly of

was

also acquired

170.

It

consisted

English coins.
Collection,

More important
which led
to

was the unfortunate

of transactions regarding

the Peralta

somewhat heated correspondence between Hunter and Louis Dutens, well known in his day Contrary to his usual custom. Hunter has preserved as a diplomatist and man of letters.
no record of the
letters written

by himself
origin

in

the course
side

of the

dispute.

Three

letters

from

Dutens survive.
that

Although they present only one

trouble

of the

case,

they show plainly enough

the

whole

had

its

in

misunderstanding,

and

that the

matter

was

As soon

as

Lord Rockingham heard

it

the catalogue.

In returning

make an

offer for

some

of

of the projected purchase, he wrote Hunter begging for a sight of he expressed the hope that when the coins arrived he might be allowed to the finest. Hunter's answer has not been preserved, but it seems unlikely that

he would accede to such a request.

t Presumably Richard Dalton, "keeper of the pictures, medals, etc., and antiquary to his majesty,'' who died in 1791. He had travelled a good deal in Mediterranean countries, and is best known by his sketches

made

in

Egypt and elsewhere.

sold by auction by Gerard (Soho,

t It

The coins and medals which he possessed at the time London) on 20th April, 1791.

of his death,

were

was he who brought from the Bast the rare coin of Gangra in Paphlagonia, which will be described in (See infra, p. xxiv.) He was the author of one or two scientific papers {Med. Obs. and Inq. for 17o.5), and he communicated to the Royal Society accounts of the plague at Constantinople, and also of an earthquake there {Wiil. Tram. Abr., x., 229, xii., 102, 283, 548). On the present occasion he must have parted
vol.
ii.

only a portion of his collection.

Roman

coins of " Dr.

with For in March, 1780, the sale took place in London of the Greek and Mordach [sie] Mackenzie, deceased."

Dutens, who was of French Huguenot extraction, died in 1812 at the age of 82. He was at one time British charge d'affaires at Turin, and was the author of Explication de pielques midailles de Pennies de Rois, et de Villes, Greeques et Pheniciennes (1773). The most important of his other works was his edition of Leibnitz (Geneva, 1768).

INTRODUCTION
ultimately cleared up to the
entire
satisfaction

xv
parties.

of both

The

longest
for

document

is

printed
friends.

statement,

covering

four

quarto

pages,

and evidently intended

title
:

circulation

among

It is dated 1st
to

December, 1772, and bears

been good

State of
this

regard

a Commission given him hy Br. Hunter.

a

From

Hunter, knowing that Dutens had

tell

deal

abroad,

Mr. Dutens's Case with we gather that early in 1772 asked him whether he could
might
at

him
it

of of

any cabinets
them.

of

medals anywhere,
the

the owners of which

of

be

willing

to

dispose

Dutens
and

suggested

collection

Count Peralta

Milan.

When
offer

he

saw
bring

some years
financial

before, it

had been valued

had
pledged
it

at
for

1,500.
half that

Now, he
sum.

had heard, the owner

was in
it

straits
;

judicious
it

might

to

London

his

only regret was

that

he was unable to buy

to write to a

for himself.

As a
850.

result

of this report
direct

Hunter authorised Dutens

banker friend in Milan, Castelli

sell

by name, and
Castelli,

him
the

to

enquire

whether Count Peralta would

to
to

his

coins

for

thinking
interest

that
in

the instructions amounted

affair,

commission to buy, and ignorant of

Hunter's

went

straight

the

Abbe

in

charge

of

the

collection,

Dutens, who bill upon Dutens for the amount. had only 200 of a balance at his banker's, appealed to Hunter as the real purchaser to relieve him of his responsibility. But Hunter's suspicions had in the meantime been aroused. He determined to resist what looked like an organised attempt to force his hand, and he declined The position of Dutens to disburse any money until the coins should be delivered in London. was anything but pleasant. On the one hand, he had Castelli clamouring for repayment. On

concluded a bargain for 800, and drew a

the other, he had Hunter threatening to repudiate

all

connection with the

affair,

and pointing

out in detail the circumstances that were calculated to rouse distrust. the cabinet
of

The climax came when

were opened in presence

arrived at Great Windmill Street.

The packets
in all

of coins

Hunter and his numismatic friends. There were but many of them were false and many more were
impression
left

between 7,000 and 8,000 specimens,

Such, at
least,

in poor condition.

was the
and the

by the

first

hasty inspection.

Hunter's

disappointment

was

great,

alarm of Dutens increased in proportion.

proved rather
less unsatisfactory,
difficulty

Fortunately, a second and more leisurely examination

letters,

and the remaining

both addressed by Dutens to Hunter,

sensible," writes Dutens, "

show that the money

was amicably arranged.

"I am

you could

have no other reason of delaying the Payment of the Collection but that of wishing to be satisfied about the Genuineness of it, since you agreed to take it, the moment you were convinced it was I hope you will the real Peralta Collection, which I had seen in my passage thro Milan.
be persuaded, Dear
Sir,

that Nothing has given

me

so
all

much

concern

as

the disappointment
to

you have met with in

this affair."

In other words,

that Hunter wished

guard against
to

was
for

the

possibility

of

being

victimised

by

the

Milan

banker.

He had

pay
so

dearly

the

mistaken estimate
bearing

that

Dutens

had

formed of the
that

collection.

But

far

was
by

he

from

him malice

on that account

he closed

the

unpleasant

incident

presenting

him with the most valuable medal that the unlucky cabinet had contained. Earlier in the same The payment for the Peralta Collection falls into the year 1773.* than half of this was for coins and medals, year Hunter had paid Snelling over 600. More
chiefly English, purchased on his behalf at the sale of

James West, a former President

of the

* The amount at which

it is

entered

is

mm plus

was 800.

The

difference

possibly represents what Hunter was

a "ballance" 9f 39 9s. 6^. The sum paid by CastelU able to get for the duphcates.

xvi

INTRODUCTION
The
instructions

Eoyal Society.
in

given to

Snelling on this

occasion are preserved.

limit
is

They
to

are

These

own handwriting, and are very detailed. No combine to show the keen personal interest that Hunter took in the growth of agent. his treasure-house, as well as the extent to which he relied on the judgment of his Early in May Snelling died. between them. It was the last transaction that took place
Hunter's
facts

laid

down

as

prices.

His

friend

John

Thane,

afterwards

measure of his patron's confidence.

This was Charles Combe, the future

Autography* fell heir to a large A new adviser, however, now appeared upon the scene. Born in Bloomsbury in 1743, editor of the Descriptio.
author
of

British

Harrow, he studied medicine and qualified himself to carry on his father's Sixteen years later he received a business of apothecary, to which he succeeded in 1768. licence to practise from the University of Glasgow, and speedily made a great reputation as No doubt his long connection with Hunter must have proved of an obstetric physician.

and educated

at

benefit to
at

him

professionally.!
for

But
of

its

most important result lay in the

favourite
study.

facilities

it

placed

his

disposal

the pursuit

his

With

his

friend's

coin

cabinet to

work upon, he became the most distinguished English numismatist of the century. EckhelJ selects him for honourable mention as one of the few men whose judgment on a question of genuineness was to be absolutely trusted, and his Descriptio, which the same authority
speaks of as " catalogus a Comhio erudite, nitide,
et

adcurate contextus,"

is still cited

vdth respect

by scholars

at

home and

abroad.
is

From

1773 onwards he rendered Hunter great assistance

in making his purchases, as

from the frequency with which his name appears in the 'Account.' The extent to which Hunter was dependent on his knowledge is apparent from and which is the following curious note from Combe, which was probably written in 1776,
clear
||

printed here precisely as

it

stands.

"Perhaps

y"

Doctor
y*

will

like

to

mention as a

piece of

numismatic news his having lately got a brass coin of

to y son of Tigranes y" Great

middle size which appears to belong

it is

who was made King by Pompey

.

Inscrib'd

BAZIAEVZ
female
to

MEPAZ
&
y" coin

NEOZ

..-....

TirPANElZ his head with a BAZIAEOV TirPANOV AAEA<1>H

. .

Tiara on
.

y'

reverse
will

head
not

y'

Docf

please
C.'s

examine
is

and paper with

it

in regard to y^ legend as in all probability Mr.

memory

good eno' to be depended on."

* London, 1793. Thane died in 1818 at the age of 71. His coins and medals, "Greek, Roman Saxon, English and Scotch," with a few rings and antiquities, were sold by Sotheby in April and in December, 1819.

In the t It was certainly this connection that procured him his diploma from Glasgow University. minute in which the matter is first mentioned (April 30th, 1784), he is described as " one of Dr. Hunter's English Trustees, a Gentleman well known at London in the Medical World and a person of very extensive Literature and distinguished abilities in many Branches of Science, as well as in the different Branches of
;

Medicine."
i Doctrina, vol. Op.
II

i.,

p. cxviii. p. clxx.

cit.,

vol.

i.,

Though written on a separate slip of paper, it appears to be a postscript to a letter announcing that " Mr. Robinson of y^ royal society is dead, he held y= place of Accomptant at y= british museum 12-0-0 annum," and asking Hunter to use his influence with the Trustees to secure the appointment

for Mr.

informs
date.

in the Museum. Mr. Warwick Wroth, who has kindly made search, records do not take cognisance of the office of Accountant at that early In the absence of any definite authority, we may conjecture that "Mr. Robinson" was identical with

Mathews, already engaged

that the

me

Museum

John Robertson, Librarian to the Royal

Oenilemans Mar/azine,
vol. xlvi., p. 679.

Society,

whose death on December 11th, 1776,

is

recorded in the

INTRODUCTION
The
Hunter's
acquisition
of

xvii

the Peralta Collection brought the total number of

to

ancient coins

in

possession

up

close

on

10,000.

Of

these,

as

we

learn

from a jotting dated

additions during 1774

May
were

30,

1773,

about 1,500 were

small,

Greek and over 8,000 Roman.

consisted
chiefly
to

The
was

comparatively
the

and

of

modern
that

coins

and

medals.

But
get

it

was

opportunity

rather

than

the

will

purchase

wanting.

We
The

glimpse of
reports

Hunter's amazing energy in a letter dated Cadiz, March 21, 1774.

"
list

writer

that Hunter's

of

names

of Gent"

who

possess

cabinets

of ancient

medals in

had been handed to a certain John Hunter, employed in a business-house in that "Said J. H. will write to some friends at Madrid and Valencia immediately to procure some information regarding those who are situated near each of those places, and
Spain
"

country.

will

also by means of Granada and other parts

his

friends

in

Cadiz endeavour to get some account of those

in

of this

kingdom.

If

any of them are willing

to

sell

their

collec-

tions,

Mr. H. will forward to the Doctor their catalogues so soon as he can procure them."
fruitless.

These enquiries proved

in
Sir
store.

And

the same year had at least one other disappointment

Some time

previously,

probably in 1772, Hunter had made the acquaintance of

for

William Hamilton, the well-known antiquary and diplomatist, who

the long period of

thirty-six years (1764

1800)

held the post of British Ambassador at Naples.

In the autumn

of 1774 the following correspondence took place between them. " Naples, Octr. 4th, 1774.
"

As you seem'd
catalogue.*

to be

desirous of augmenting your collection of Medals I send

you
for

the

inclosed

do

not collect

medals and I have no commission

of the
first

to collect

the Museum, but as I think these medals, that belong to one

as fine and as well preserve'd as any I ever saw I shou'd wish

familys

here, are

them
has

to be in England.

The

owner must be tempted

to

part

with

them,

the

value

he

set

on them seems to
you,

me
to

exorbitant, four thousand Eoman Zechins but that need not examine the catalogue and let me know how far you would

allarm
offer

be so

good as

and I

will endeavor

manage the matter

at

for you.

The owner
I

is

gamester and

sum

properly offer'd

may do

the business at a proper season.

the

shou'd be

glad to enrich

my

country by this collection

Be so good as to send me an answer soon, same time that I give you pleasure. medals, give the catalogue to Mr. Duane, for I purchase more if you do not intend to promised to give him information of any medals that cou'd be got at here. The gold medals most excellent are every one as if they were just coin'd, and the Brass are likewise in
preservation.

Your new publicationf

I

is

eagerly expected here.

Sir

am

with great regard and esteem your most obedt.

humble servant

Wm.

Hamilton."

The collection consisted of 131 gold pieces (of which 101 were * The catalogue is still preserved. Greek), 59 Roman medallions, and 623 bronze Imperial), 400 silver pieces (of which 312 were Roman, and 88 There were in addition two intaglios. coins (all Roman). Combe's reference is to a catalogue of Hunter's coins. t There can hardly be a doubt that the But Hunter had long cherished the idea of a great series of Descriptio was not published until 1782. to the plan. So far as I have been able to ascertain, this is the earliest definite allusion publications.

xviii

mTRODUCTIOJSr
Tlie draft of Hunter's reply

shows that a residence of thirty-three years in London had

in no

way impaired

his native caution.

" Sir

"I am very sensible of this proof of the kindness which I have experienced before, being continued to me; and should be happy in my turn, to serve you in any way you may
employ me.
"

My

collection of

medals

specimens than to enlarge the

now number
is

in
;

such a

state,

that

wish more to procure finer

principally from
in

having

had a large

collection

(the

Peralta) from Italy almost all of

which were

had or indifferent preservation, and

many

of

the more scarce were false.

seem

to

be

in

believe you call

for tilling
it is

The collectors here are more nice about preservation than they Italy. What we call fine preservation is elegant and beautifull ; what I bellissimo and conservatissimo. And we allow neither false medals to be mixed,
nor even those that are suspicions.
it

up the

series,

We

say that

if

a medal

is

but suspected,

good

for nothing,

because

proves nothing.

And
to

in the foreign collections

which have come

to

over here, there have always been numbers of false medals which by the catalogue appeared to be
genuine.

Thence

it

is,

that

we cannot pretend
;

calculate,

any thing nearly,

is

the real

value of a collection, by a catalog^^e

especially as

the value

to

be made

out, principally,

from the smaller number,

well worth

viz.

the more scarce.

The same medal,

in your catalogue,

might be
or

10 guineas

if

genuine and fine, for which I would not give

10 pence

if false,

10 shillings

if in indifferent preservation.

And, among the Italians especially,

their medals,

men

of the fairest
in
selling-

pretensions to honour, will cheat in recommending

horses.

as they will
firie^id* in

here

Thence Mr. Dutens was cheated by a very much obliged

for

the collection he
Italy

bought

me, and two other considerable collections M'hich

we have seen here from

turned out not worth more than the half of what was given for them.f
" Mr.

Jamineau's

collection,

from his having studied medals, was a good one

here,

and the
only

value was thought, by our

best judges

to

be

determined, upon the whole,

reasonably.
I

He

is

so kind as to give

me

his good offices, and sent

me

small

list

very lately.

desired that they might be finely preserved, and left the price to his judgement.
"

Mr.

Duane and Mr.

Combe,

both

Catalogue and your account of the Preservation.

and King[s], and 11 pieces of Italian

have calculated the value by the They make it 511, without the Intaglio [s] gold money. But they allow that this sum may be at

good judges,

* The reference is not to Castelli, but to the AbbS Reoalcati, of whom Dutens says in his printed statement, " I have done him the greatest service that a man can do to another by my recommendation to some of the ministers at Milan during my stay there." He had charge of the collection, and must have

known

its

character.

t As the more explicit.

for
it.

paid not having studied medals, your collection at the Museum turns out almost worth is principally owing to the bad preservation or commonness of most of them. I know indeed that you put little value upon them yet I expected that many of them would have been in fine preservation because I had imagined that you bought for the workmmiship and beauty of which you are an excellent Judge." As the next letter shows, it was Hamilton who purchased this collection for Lord Morton by " your collection " Hunter means the 6000 coins included in the museum which Hamilton sold to the nation in 1772.

And from your

draft originally stood, the reference to the "two other considerable collections" was It ran thus: "thence Lord Morton's collection was not worth above half of what he

much

nothing, which

INTRODUCTION
least

xix
if

100 too much, and perhaps too

little

too
;

much,

the preservation should not come

little

up

to our Ideas, or if

some of the coins be

at

false

and
of

too

for the contrary reasons.

"We

were more particularly

a loss to judge

the value of the Medallions; and of

specified.

the coins of

Magna

Grocia,

etc.,

which were only numbered, not

a judge of Medals

"Now,

as Mr.

Jamineau

is

and no doubt one who would be glad

to

oblige you, and is so good as to assist me, could not you contrive that
so as to examine the j.irincipal and form a general

he should see them,

judgement of the rest?

subject, I will leave

"With
to

these, the best Ideas I can

communicate upon the

;

you

to do

whatever your Friendship to

me

shall tell you is best

and, for some time, I shall endeavour

demand,

keep as much money at Mr. Drummond's as to be able to remit the Price to Naples upon if you should buy them. Your own medals and Mr. Jamineau's too were exceedingly
I should wish the 3 diiferent metals to
at

well packed up.

be

packed up separately, that they

copper
;

might be weighed

the

custum-hous as gold,

silver,

and

and I should chuse

to

ensure them at sea."

"

Thus far the new publication

to

draft.
"

The

letter itself apparently closed

with a promise that a copy of the

would be
In

presented to Hamilton.

His reply shows that the negotiations

this

came

nothing.

view of

what subsequently happened,*

can hardly be called a

matter for regret.

"Naples, Jany. 2nd, 1775.

"Sir
" Soon after I had the pleasure of receiving your Letter of the 14th of Novr., I examine the collection of medals with a person who has much greater knowledge in went to for it is long, and for good reasons that I have had no manner medals than Mr. Jamineau
;

of connection with Mr. Jamineau, except

to

upon His

Majesty's service, and they were judged

or

be in general true and well preserved^ some

be
declared false.

few dubious, but none,

is

not above one

or

two, that can

are

The gold
I

collection

admirably preserved, the medallions

for the

very fine

and

some exceedingly rare

In short
if

and the large bronze

for

most part bellissimo

and conservatissimo.
that
is

cou'd get them, even

lOOL more than you mention,

hands,
I

600Z.,

shou'd not hesitate, as I

am

sure that they are particularly good and such as

are not

cannot easily
nobility

be

procured

for

money.

They

in

dealer's

but one of the

whose Father was

it

a great

collector

and a very judicious

one.

have told him the

estimation such as
catalogue, but
as

cou'd be

made from the imperfect

is

idea that cou'd be formed from the

it

his pretentions are far beyond that sum, I thought

not the time to offer

more, and that the best

play,

way

to

appear cool about them;

if

the

owner has bad luck at

antiquity

he

will perhaps

come
to do

to

me,

and

at

all

events

will

keep an eye upon him, as I

of

realy shou'd be
to our country.

happy

you a pleasure and secure such valuable monuments

regularly and

"I never
antiquities
antiquity.

collected

medals

those
I

that

were lumped with with

other

my

collection of

in

the

Museum were
bought

such
for

as

bought accidently

monuments

of

The

collection I

the late Ld. Morton was a curious one, but I prefer

this little collection.

* See pp. xxix.
ff.

d2

XX

INTRODUCTION
"I am
greatly obliged to you
I

for

your kind: intention of sending

me

a copy of your

new

work which
is

shall be

very glad to see as I

am
I

convinced

it

will be perfect as everything

that has been directed by you.

am

Sir with great

regard and esteem,

your most obedient

humble servant

Wm.

Hamilton."

The gamester's luck

collection.

at play

must have been better than Hamilton hoped

for.

Or

possibly

he found another purchaser. In the

letter

At all events, we hear no more of the plan for acquiring his quoted above Hunter spoke of a commission given to Jamineau to be
in

on

the

look-out

for

coins

Naples and

its

neighbourhood.

The

instructions sent

on this

occasion are worth reprinting.

"Of

the Large and Middle and Small Brass buy any that you

meet

with in elegant
that

or

very fine preservation

be
a

they ever so

common, or tho you may

a
that he already has for

know
better.

Dr. Hunter

has them.

He

thinks

number
to

of medals in fine preservation

great ornament to a collection, and therefore wishes

change

many
;

Of the Eoman
Collection, yet

Gold buy only a

single

medal of each

least good preservation.

Of Greek kings and

either

cities

and none but of fine or at especially of Magna Graecia Dr. H. has a

for

Large
with

would be glad that Mr. Jamineau would buy

in

him any that he meets

were
almost
entirely

in fine preservation

Gold, Silver

or

Brass."
Its

In response to this request a

contents

parcel was despatched from

large brass

Naples in the end of

1774.

(Eoman), one gold piece being enclosed for transmission to Lord Sandwich, who had long before asked Jamineau to pick up for him the first specimen of the kind he might meet with. A few of the coins thus sent were taken over by Combe, who was at the time an independent collector. The remainder found a place in Hunter's own trays.

show that the year 1775, like its predecessor, was marked by few additions of importance to the Cabinet. There is, however, one entry that calls for explanation. On August 26th Hunter paid 420 to Mr. Sadler. No reference to
at

glance

the

'Account' will

this transaction

occurs

in

the

preface

to

the

JDescriptio,

and none

is

preserved
to be
'

among the

archives of the Cabinet.

But

it is

hardly possible to doubt that the clue

is

found in the

correspondence that took place five years earlier.

We

learn from the

'

statement

then submitted

by E.
to

Sadler regarding his father's medals and coins that he did not part with the whole Hunter in 1770. He retained a small number of the more beautiful for himself,
S.
fifty-five
it

notably

Eoman

gold pieces, selected for

the

fineness

of their preservation.

In

all

probability

was

this precious
first

In April, 1776, the

remnant that now followed the main body of the donation of which we have any record was made.

collection.

It consisted

of twenty coins out of a hoard of 222 found in 1774

Calcutta."
in

Apparently this

gift

"in a Talook in the neighbourhood of was suggested by the following letter, a draft of which remains
indication
in

the

Museum.
to

There

is

no

of

date

or

of

direction.

But

it

was

evidently

addressed

someone

of

influence

the

management

of

the

Honourable

East

India

Company, by whose Directors the coins were presented.

INTRODUCTION
" Sir,

xxi

" The favour I meant to ask of the Directors through your interest is with the view of serving Literature, and of illustrating eastern history. Many important facts of the Greeks and Eomans have been illustrated by their coins. Little of that kind has been yet

done with regard to eastern countries. A friend of mine is now upon that pursuit, and I wish to furnish him with materials.* " In the Persic Gulf there is a fine opportunity of picking up the antient coins of the great empires of the Modes, the Persians, the Parthians, and even of all the Eastern Greek and Eoman colonies, and of the Arabs, particularly while Bagdad was the seat of the

Empire.
places,

The labourers
I

of the ground all about the

Euphrates and
sell

Tigris,
little

and

all

adjacent

am

told,

find

innumerable antient coins and

them

for

more than the

value of the metal.

there to
or
collect
all

"Would the Directors do me the honour to desire any intelligent servant

such coins as are in tolerably good Preservation, whether in Gold, Silver

Brass;

and

to

send home

the

first

parcel

that

may

be

collected

as

soon

as

may

be

convenient, that

what may be expected or expedient? Till further orders not to exceed the sum of 200 or 300. If the Gentleman who collects should happen to be a judge of antient coins, the price will be left to his own judgement and if he does not know
better judge

we may

of

very

common

old

coin

from a

very

scarce

or

valuable

one

he

may be guided by

the

following rules

For

xxii

INTRODUCTION
London,

to

where

they

were

immediately

transferred

to

Hunter's Museum.*

The amount
which

expended on these two

lots

of Egyptian gold was over 530.

In April, however, there had been concluded a very

rendered

much
of

larger purchase, and one

1776

the

most

notable

year

in

the

history

the

Cabinet.

Prominent

among

Hunter's numismatic friends was Matthew Duane, to whom allusion has more than once been made. He was a lawyer, of Lincoln's Lm, a Fellow of the Eoyal Society, and a Trustee of
the British

Museum.

During a long
of

life

he had devoted

much time and money

opportunities

to

building
subject,

up

a very fine collection

ancient

coins.

He

possessed a good knowledge

exceptional

of the
for

but, like Hunter,

he was too busy a

man
to

to turn his
it

study to

account, t

He was now
of his

about 70 years of age, and

likely

was not
useful
to

difficult to

convince
if

him that the

were

contents

cabinet were

be

more

scholars
for

they

under

Hunter's control.

We

cannot doubt but that the latter's

scheme
it,

series to

of descriptive

catalogues had been discussed between them.

To further

Duane agreed
as

part with the

:

whole of his coins

once,

for the

sum
year,

of
at

8,000, to be paid in instalments

follows

1,000
of

at
at

1,500
of

in

spring,

1,000

Christmas, 1,000
at this

in

the

summer
and
the
interesting

of

1777, 1,000

Christmas
at

the

same

1,000
of

Christmas

1778,
is

balance
as

1,500
that
;

Christmas

1779.

The character

arrangement

indicating

Hunter had
these sums

to trust to his professional

income for meeting the expenses of his

It

Museum

he
of

had practically no accumulation of capital to draw upon.

is

should

be

noted that none

entered in the

'

Account

'

until the whole has been paid.

Fate decreed that Duane should outlive

Hunter by nearly two

by the prominence given

years.
to it in

How

great

the

fame of his
the mural

collection was, is
to his

shown

clearly

the epitaph on

monument many quarters. from

had passed
into

memory in St. Nicholas Church, Newcastle. J It had been gathered Amongst the earlier collectors, a large proportion of whose ancient coins Duane's possession, were Robert Harley, Earl of Oxford, whose collections
;

were disposed of in 1742, after his son's death

first

Eichard Mead
President
of

(1673

1754),
Coins
gold

in his day the of

physician
of

Society
Carteret

London Antiquaries, and

in

Martin Folkes,
author
of

the

Eoyal Society and

the

work

on

"English
series

Gold

";||

and

Philip

Webb, from whom were purchased a

" noble

of

Eoman

(among which

in

* Lindegreen was himself a collector; but his letter announcing the arrival of the coins indicates that transaction he acted simply as the agent of Hunter, who, it may be added, may possibly have heard of the coins through Bruce.
this

t See

letter

from the Rev. George Ashby

in Nichols, Literary Illustrations,

vii.,

p. 402.

" He was of great eminence in the knowledge of the Law, and of the strictest integrity and liberality X in the practice of it at the same time the Friend and Patron of the Pohte and Fine Arts and particularly
; ;

distinguished by his singular

judgment, and taste, in chusing and collecting a most complete series of Syrian, Phoenician, Grecian, Roman, and other Coins, now deposited in the Museum of the late William Hunter, M.D., for the illustration and confirmation of History."
skill,

Nichols {Lit. Anecdotes, vi., pp. 212 ff.) tells us that Mead made from T)000 to -7000 a year, which helps us to estimate Hunter's professional income. His collections, which were sold in 1754-5, produced over 16,000, of which nearly 2000 was for coins and medals. For his connection with the curious doctrine propounded in ChishuU's tract, De Nummis quibusdam a Smyrnaeis in Medicoriim honorem percussis, see op. cit., i., p. 266. ChishuU's paper appeared as a Dissertatio' appended to Mead's Harveian Oration, delivered in 1723 and published in the following year.
'
II

See Nichols, Lit. Anecdotes,

in 1756.

ii.,

pp. 578

flf.,

where a complete

list

of

Folkes's writings will be found.

His collections were sold


INTRODUCTION
were
"
xxiii

Pompey, Lepidus,
of

&c.) "

256

Carausius, nine

of

them

and a "collection of Greek kinga and towns,"* as well as silver, and 89 of Allectus." The coins of Carausius and
property of

Allectus here referred to had been the died ITGO.f In addition to all this

Dr.

Kennedy, formerly
been

of

Smyrna, who

had belonged
connection.

to

the

Duane had bought two Eev. Louis Dutens, who has already

entire cabinets.

One
in

of these

mentioned

another

The other was the property

Sicilian

of Gabriele Lancillotto Castello, Prince of Torremuzza,

of his

distinguished

Palermo in
It

1767, and

antiquary, who had published a catalogue who subsequently compiled a corpus of the

own

collection at

ancient coins of Sicily.J

in the present

was doubtless from the last mentioned source that not a few volume were drawn.

of the

specimens described

An idea of the proportions to which Hunter's collection had by this time attained, can be gathered from a jotting which records that on October 26, 1776, the " Syrian series " consisted of 635 coins, five being of gold, 232 of silver, and the balance of bronze. It is probable that all
of

these were

distinct

specimens.

For Hunter was

in

the

habit

of systematically ridding
left

himself of the
his hands.

many

duplicates which the wholesale additions to his Cabinet naturally

upon

Between December, 1775, and August, 1776, he sold superfluous coins to the value of over 500. In October of the latter year we find him opening a correspondence with the Abbe Barth^lemy, then in charge of the Eoyal Cabinet at Paris, in the hope of being able to
establish

regular

system of exchanges.
collections
list

One

or two friendly letters followed, but the very

it

richness of the

two

concerned made
of his
chief

difficult

to

apply the method of barter.

Ultimately

to the Abbe, giving him a general commission to purchase for him as he saw opportunity, at any price he might deem reasonable. In the meantime he had decided to put the remainder of his duplicates to the hammer. The

Hunter sent a

desiderata

sale

took place in January, 1777, and occupied

6d.\\

eight

days, the total

amount

realised being

1,337 17s.

As might have been

from
all

expected, the lots were of the most miscellaneous kind,

the Greek coins being drawn

parts

of the Hellenic world.

The highest individual

prices were got for two Ptolemaic

gold

octodraehms, one of which was knocked down at 36,

the other at 27.

A
of

month

or two before the sale

Hunter had
'

his
'

first

recorded transaction with John White,

Newgate

Street,

from

whom,
ii.,

as the

Account

shows,

he purchased freely in

subsequent

* See Nichols,

Zit. Anecdotes,

p. 280.

+ See Nichols, Lit. Anecdotes,

v., p.

451.

t Siciliae populorum et urbium, Jierjum quoque et tyrannnrum veteres Panormi, 1781. The statement as to the catalogue of the Prince's

Numi Saracenorum epocJiam anfecedentes. own coins is made on the authority of

A second collection formed by Torremuzza excited the admiration of the Preface to Combe's Descriptio. Goethe, who saw it at Palermo and found in it '' ein unendlicher FfiXhlhuj von BUithen und Friichten der {Italienische Reise, under date 12 April, 1787.) Kunst."
See p.
II

lii.,

footnote.

As the entries are in the These figures are taken from a priced copy in the Hunterian Library. handwriting of the auctioneer (or his clerk), the total is probably correct, though it differs slightly from Hunter's name is not mentioned on the title-page, which that given in the British Museum marked copy. runs A Catalogue of a valuable Collection of Antient and modern Coins and Medals Containing Very large and rich Series, in Gold, Silver, and Copper, of Greek Kings, Cities and People, Roman Families, and Imperial Coins, besides a considerable Number of Saxon, English and other modern Coins and Medals Which will be Sold by Av.ction by Mr. Gerard At his House in Litchfteld-Street, St. Anne's, Soho, on Thursday the 23rd of January 1777 and the seven following days {Sunday cccepied).

xwv
years.

INTRODUCTION
On
this occasion there were

bought English

and

Saxon
a

coins to

the

value

of over

170.

Neither he nor his advisers appear to have entertained the slightest doubt as to the
reputation has
since

honesty of White, whose

impossible
in
'at

undergone
the
details

mysterious

eclipse.

It

seems
that
of

this distance to

of time to discover

of his

misdeeds.

We
on

know

1776 he professed
death, which

have

in

his possession

"a

coin

actually found

the coffin

Hardicanute in Denmark "*

his

decidedly

suspicious provenance.
17th,

And

Nicholsf in recording
as

took

place

on November

1787,

describes

him
be
"

"the

celebrated
is

Collector

(and

supposed

Fabricator) of Ancient

Coins."

Something
likely

like a definite charge

preferred

against

him by Edward Hawkins, who was

his

to

well

informed.

That

numismatist, in

Silver

Coins

(3rd

ed.,

p.

4),

warns his readers that the plates called

Withy and
either

Eyall's (published in 1756) are not to be depended upon.

They

are

supposed to

have been engraved under the inspection of Mr. John White, and coins are represented which
never
existed,

or
this,

were altered
authorities

by his ingenuity,
are
" the

to

suit

his

fancy and impose upon

collectors."

Beyond

strangely

silent

as

to

his history.
is

But the
sufficient

fact to

that he

is

frequently spoken

of

as

notorious "

Mr.

White

of

itself

cause one to regret his association with the Hunter Cabinet. J

to

He

does not, however, appear

have dealt much either in Greek or in

It

Roman
a

coins.

had now become generally known that Hunter proposed

Cabinet, and this proved

to publish a full account

of

the contents of his

with any rarities they might possess.

culled,

means of inducing smaller collectors to part Amongst those from whose trays specimens were thus
for

was Dr. Patrick Eussell, who had been in practice

is
still

many

years at Aleppo, and whose

iifty

account of the plague there

recorded on

a medical classic.

payment of

guineas to him

is

November 2nd, 1776.

In

a similar way, early in the next year.

into Hunter's

Combe, who
practically all
chiefly

had hitherto been an independent

his
coins,

collector, transferred

Museum

which, to judge from the phrase used in the

'Account,'

must have been

surrounding
it

Eoman.jl
of 1777

It is hardly probable that the motives responsible for the

most important transaction

suggests
that

were

equally public-spirited.

Eather,

the
in

air

of mystery
'

that

they were

purely

mercenary.
for "

The entry

the

Account

'

merely

tells

us

on

August 20th 770 was paid

to the

Cabinet, valued by Mr. Combe."

On

turning for light

Descriptio,

we
viri

find little to help us.

The

collection is

spoken of vaguely as " ingens

monetarum copia

ciijiisdam

apud

exteros praenobilis:"

It is clear that
seller
'

Hunter had
too
(it

laid

himself under some obligation to keep the

name
'

of the

secret,

clear

may

be

added) that he contemplated the possibility of his

* Nichols, Literary Anecdotes,

Account

being one day exposed to pubHe

vi.,

p. 179.

Literary Illustrations,

v.,

p. 187.

% Mr. Warwick Wroth, to whose kindness I owe the reference to Hawkins, writes that there is in the Medal Room of the British Museum a priced copy of the sale catalogue of White's collections, sold by auction m London in February and March, 1788, and that the contents of the catalogue suggest that the owner was a dealer, not a private collector. This conclusion is quite borne out by

transactions with Hunter.

It

is

Snellmg, Thane, and others.

Published in
II

The

the records of his curious that the latter never dealt with White directly, as he did with receipts are always made out in the name of Combe.

London

in 1791.

The very

one time

(Cf. p. XIV.)

rare coin of Gangra in Paphlagonia, which will be described in vol. ii., was, however, at Combe's possession. It was originally brought from the East by Dr. Murdoch Mackenzie. See Pmkerton, Essay on Medals (2nd ed., London, 1789), vol. i., p '0'>

INTRODUCTION"
scrutiny.

xxv

rule

Again, while letters or memoranda relating to such extensive purchases have as a been preserved, any correspondence that may have taken place regarding this one has
If the disappearance is

disappeared.

due to deliberate destruction, as one

is

almost tempted

to suppose, then the precaution has been in vain.

For a clue has

after

all

been allowed to
August,
follows:

survive.

Among
to

the

financial

documents

is

a promissory note

bearing date 16th

It reads

1777,

signed by Hunter,

and duly endorsed by the party concerned.

to
it

as

"I promise

pay on demand seven hundred and seventy pounds

The Earl
plain that

of Sandwich

or order for value received."

The

date and

the

sum named make

the "value

received" was the cabinet referred to in the 'Account.'

This can have been no other than

early as 1770 he found himself
let

Lord Sandwich's own collection. We saw incidentally that as unable to spare money for its extension. Now he must have

it go altogether, stipulating apparently that his pride should not suffer by the fact of the sale being blazoned abroad. From one or two references that occur in the correspondence with Jamineau in 1770 and 1774,

M'e

may

perhaps infer that the Sandwich Cabinet consisted largely of

Eoman

coins.

This was not the only important acquisition made in 1777. In May of that year the Eev. Dr. Browne, Canon of Christ Church, Oxford, wrote Hunter on behalf of Mrs. Swinton, widow of the late Keeper of the University archives,* offering for sale a collection which had
belonged
to

her late

husband.

Browne had

often

urged

his

friend

while

still

alive

to

approach Hunter "as a gentleman of a very generous turn, and who I

purchasing chiefly with a view to Public UtiUty";

believe,

was often

and he had reason

to

think that only

to
sell

Swinton's illness had prevented that step from being taken.

The widow was anxious

Hunter replied

now, and had hopes that the coins might be worth as much as 300.
effect that

to the

the subject had been broached to

to carry

him

before

Swinton's death by a mutual friend,

and that he was prepared

through the negotiations then begun.

be examined by Mr.
friends,

He

did not anticipate

that there would be any difficulty as to terms.

to

" Let Mrs. Swinton send [the coins] up, sealed,

any friend in London.

They

shall

Combe, before Mr. Duane, or

Mr. Cratchrod,t or any, or as many of her

think proper, (yourself when up again in their presence. I will then give her Or, I will what she asks, or more, provided Mr. Combe says they are worth the money. men of known character one to be chosen by her, the other by me. refer the price to two
as she

may

you come

to

Town) and

carefully sealed

* John Swinton (1703 1777) entered Wadham College as a servitor, and subsequently became a scholar. In early manhood he travelled abroad a good deal. Afterwards he was appointed chaplain of the gaol at Oxford, and in that capacity he figures in an anecdote in Boswell's Life of Dr. Johnson (under 1754). He was one of the most learned men of his time, and wrote much on historical subjects. See Gmtleman's He communicated to the Royal Society a series of papers on ancient Italian Magazine, hv., p. 892. Ixiii., 22), which is noticed by Bckhel, Doctrina, lix., 432 lii., 28 Iviii., 253 coins {Phil. Trans., li., 863 i., A complete list of his writings on numismatic and other subjects occupies three-quarters pp. 103 ff. In the Latin preface to the Bescriptio his death is said to of a column in Watt's Bibliotheca Britannica. have taken place " sub Jinem hujus anni." As a matter of fact the real date was April 4th. See Oentleman's
; ;

Mag.,

xlvii., p.

195.

Clayton Mordaunt Cracherode (17301799), of Christ Church, Oxford, a well-known collector, He and a Trustee of the British Museum, to which he bequeathed his medals, coins, books, prints, &c. was on terms of friendship with Hunter, and more than once acted as his adviser in regard to his purchases. For a biographical sketch, see Nichols, Lit. Anecdotes, ix., p. 666. A sarcastic notice of him as "a much admired literary sun" will be found in Nichols, Lit. Illustrations, vi., pp. 773 IT., where an estimate of the
+ Eev.

value of his collections

is

given.
e

'

xxvi

INTRODUCTION
She can have
yourself,

Mr. Combe shall be mine.

Southgate.*
to think, in to

or Mr. Duane, or

Mr. Cratchrod, or Mr.

I have bought several collections in this equitable

any instance, that I paid

too

little,

or too

much.

way; and have had no reason Mrs. Swinton would not wish

get more from

me

than the value of the medals and I

am

sure that I should not wish to

get the property of a

Widow, under

its

value."

Mrs. Swinton accepted the latter of the

in her interest.

two alternatives, and nominated Duane

to

act

The result surpassed her expectations. by the valuators was 330, which was promptly paid over, and she showed her appreciation of Hunter's fairness by presenting him with a number of Etruscan vases from among her
late

The estimate placed upon the

collection

husband's

effects.

Some two months

later

there

were added to the

Cabinet the coins

of Joseph

Smith, formerly consul

as

at Venice,

which were purchased from his widow. f

collection,

We

have no

details

to the composition

of this

but the price paid exceeded 500.

No

doubt Smith's cabinet contained

many

varieties of

which Hunter already possessed specimens.

so

For by February, 1778, the accumulation of duplicates had become

a second auction
sale.

large

as to necessitate

It

took place at Gerard's on Tuesday, the 24th,

and two following

days,t the total amount realised being

308

16s.

Qd.
is

The
"

largest item in the

'Account' for 1778

sum

of

321 paid on March 6th

to

"Mrs. Ayre."

There can be no doubt that this refers to what the Descriptio

Probably the person meant

speaks of as
is

numismata Viri Eeverendi Boherti Eyre 8.T.P."

the Rev.

Dr. Robert Eyre of

New
to

College, vicar of

Whaddon and
Side
1|

rector of Brightwalton, Berks.

But

we get no hint
pieces,

as

the character of his coins.

by

side with

Eyre's collection the

Descriptio mentions that of Samuel Samuel of Lincoln,

some of them very

fine.

was paid in September, 1779.

which consisted of English and Saxon was over 200, and according to the 'Account' it Earlier in the same year a parcel of specially rare Greek coins

The

price

had been acquired for 77 through Owen Salisbury Brereton, an antiquary of some repute.^F While these were the more important purchases of this time, the great number of small transactions carried through is even more instructive, as showing how unresting was Hunter's
activity.

He

brought to bear on the augmentation of his

Museum

the same strenuous energy

that characterized
* See
t

him

in his more

strictly

professional work.

For

some years

he

bouoht

p. xliii.

Smith was

also a

book

collector.

His library had been sold in 1773.

:

A Catalogue of a large Collection of Antient and Modern t The title-page of the catalogue is as follows Coins and Medals, in Gold, Silver and Copper, consisting of Phoenician, Etruscan, Greek, Roman, Saxon, English, Papal, tSfc, Many of them exceeding rare and in fine Preservation, ivhich will be sold, ^c.
He was the brother of Willis Byre, serjeant-at-law, sometime fellow of New College, Oxford, who at his death in 1765 bequeathed to Winchester College "a very noble collection of gold and silver Greek Roman, and English coins.'' (Nichols, Lit. Anecdotes, v., p. 507.) This identification is, however, not free

from difficulty. Nichols states {Lit. Anecdotes, vi., p. 195) that Robert Byre died in 1779. Now, if he was ahve in 1778, why should his wife sell his coins ? It is possible that in " writing up " his Account Hunter may have made the entry under the wrong year. Colour is lent to this supposition by the fact
'

that

in

the Preface
if

to

the Descriptio

the years 1778 and

1779 are hopelessly confused,

or rather are

treated as
II

they were one and the same.

regular dealer,

Smaller transactions took place with Samuel in subsequent years. But he can hardly have been a for with the possible exception of Whiteno dealers are honoured by beino- recorded
in

the Preface to the Descriptio.

See Observations on Mound Towers (1779).

Brereton died

in 1798.


INTRODUCTION
practically everything that
xxvii

came

into

the

London market, him

besides
as

all

that he

could hear of
collector,

on the Continent.

We

get an interesting picture of

he appeared to a rival
to

in a letter from Francis Carter, author of

Journey from Gibraltar

Malaga,

etc.

(London,

1777).

Carter,

writing to Nichols under

date

November 28th, 1780, says:

it
of,

"I

return you

many thanks
In
Dr.
all

for the

Catalogue of Coins.

I think the date of

should have been mentioned,

and some account where the Coins were disposed

Hunter's.

and in whose hands they now remain. probability they sank into the Devonshire or Pembroke Cabinets, as all now do into

God grant
tell

may be

able

to

keep

mine

from his

clutches!

He had

the

impudence to

me, in his own house, last winter, that he was glad to hear of my loss by the capture of the Grenades, as it might force me to sell him my Greek coins an anecdote that should not be forgot when you write his life."* Evidently Carter could not
:

appreciate a joke at his

own

expense.

In 1780 specimen pages and specimen plates were prepared and approved of, and arrangments completed for the issue of the first volume of a complete catalogue of the contents of the
Cabinet, the
Collectors
text

being undertaken by Charles Combe and the engraving by Charles Taylor, f

interest in the forthcoming

showed their

work by donations
for instance,

of coins for

which they
gift

knew that a
of an in

place would be found.

George the Third,

came forward with the

spite of

Athenian gold piece of such excessive rarity that Eckhel, in

to believe
it

his strong

faith

Combe's judginent, declined

did appear, was dedicated.

could

be genuine. J

This royal munificence

was

doubtless due to the influence of a royal patient,

it

Queen

Charlotte, to

whom

the book,

when
as

Horace Walpole was another

liberal benefactor,

inasmuch
filling

he

allowed Hunter to select from his rich cabinet any coins that would be useful for
in the

gaps

Greek

series.

All the while, as

we can

see from the

'Account,' buying went on apace.

Thus

in October,

1780, 1000 was paid to Samuel Bosanquet for the collection made by his

father,

an Aleppo merchant.

The

description

we

get of these is vague and general

"

nummi

hand pauci
justifies

vetustate sua insigiies et pretiosissimi."

Perhaps, however, the mention of Aleppo

us in siipposing that they were Greek rather than Eoman.

learn from the De.scriptio that
filial

We
father

piety

made the younger Bosanquet

overcome was due mainly

hesitate about

parting with

the whole collection.

He

wished to keep for himself the coins that he knew his

finally
to the influence

had treasured most.

That his scruples were

of the Eev.

Thomas

Crofts, Chancellor of Peterborough,

who must have been

iii.

a person of singularly

* Nichols,

Lit. Anecdotes,

iv.,

p.

607.

On

p.

237 of

op. cit.

we

are told

with regard to Carter's

"the many coins engraved in this Work were from the Collection of the celebrated Spanish medaUist Flores, whose cabinet Mr. Carter had purchased on his death, and disposed of the Hunter's papers contain no allusion to the transaction here described, and duplicates to Dr. Hunter." the papers Nevertheless, it probably took place there is no item in the Account that corresponds to it. fragmentary, and the Account is not exhaustive, while Carter's name is recorded " horwris causa " in are It is interesting to note that the Descriptio as one who had helped to buUd up the Cabinet (see p. xli.). He lived rather longer than Hunter. After his death his coins and pious wish was fulfilled. Carter's books, the latter chiefly Spanish, were sold by Gerard (February, 1784), the coins realising 334 16s. Qd.
book
that
'
'

'

'

+ Monthly Magazine, vol.

Ixviii., p.

436.

Eckhel then goes on to prove that (Doctrina, ii., p. 206.) [ejus] fide arbitrmtur qui viderunt." Athenians struck no gold money, a conclusion that has been refuted by the discoveries made since the the The piece in question is figured in this volume (Plate xxxiii. 23). publication of the Doctrina.

X"de

Hunter's MS. diary of his attendance on the Queen

is

in the

Hunterian Library.


sxviii

INTRODUCTION
Educated
at

attractive character.*

Wadliam

College, Oxford, he

went

oiat to

Aleppo immediately

Not improbably it was there that he made Bosanquet's acquaintance. Subsequently he travelled through Europe on three different occasions, bringing back with him to England singularly well-chosen collections of coins and books. Dibdin speaks of his
after taking his degree.

library in the highest terms,

rare

and a biographer
books.^f
-^H

tells

us that he was " distinguished for a most

and

critical

knowledge of

the

most

valuable of

his

Greek coins are

in the

Hunter Cabinet, whither a sense of public duty moved him

Descriptio

to transfer them,

when

the

plan of the

was

laid

before

him.

The

price

paid for

them was

over 425.

He
an

did not, however, live to see the publication of

interest.

the

book in which he had taken such

end came on November 8th, 1781.

He had

long been in poor health, and the

After his death his "second collection" also passed into Hunter's

Museum.
for

The purchase from

collection of one

Crofts,

which was concluded early in January, was only one of several

In March

large transactions that fall into the year 1781.

300 was paid

the

complete
chiefly

James Sotheby, recently deceased, who had given his attention

to

Greek

coins.

Again, towards the end of the year. Hunter, for a consideration of 160, was

allowed to select such specimens as he pleased out of a number brought

home

froin

Smyrna

by a

certain

James Lee.

Abyssinian

Bruce, too,

now
is

reappears, on this occasion generously

presenting Greek coins which he had declined to part with

when he
It
is

sold his Ptolemaic gold.

little

Unfortunately, our knowledge of these acquisitions

the bare statements in the Descriptio and the
'

confined to the

we can glean from

with regard to a
1781, we have the

Account.'

otherwise
12th,

much
entry,
series

less

satisfactory
collection
letters

piece

of business.

Under date September

which
first
is fully

"A
of

by Sir

Wm. Hamilton333,"
Museum.

explained by an interesting
is

preserved in the
:

The

of these

from the Ambassador at

Naples, and runs as follows

"Sir

"Naples, June 23rd, 1741. ^

"The collection of medals of which the catalogue is inclosed was sent lately from the country to be offerd to this Court, but as it does not abound with money the purchace has been declined and it is now offerd to me. I still persist in my resolution of
not entering upon this branch of virtu, but as the collection
is realy very fine and as the Owner has reduced his demands greatly rather than send them back, I have prevailed on him to wait the return of the Post. The medals are in ebony cases, well arranged and the

price

is

2800 Neapolitan

ducats, under

350.

have

shewn

them

to

Mr. Byres who

is

here at present and

who thinks them very cheap

indeed.

The

silver collections

are very fine

* The eulogy passed on him in the Preface to the Descriptio deserves quotation here, for it is clear that Hunter wished to perpetuate his memory. " Vir insuper reverendus Thomas Crofts (desiderio ejus quis sit ungimm modus f), qui ad suavitatem morum egregiam literas eas antiquas et ea humanitatis studia adjunxerat, quae kominem ingenuum ornare quaeant, et amieis jucundum facere, operis specimine tantum delectabatur, ut, quanquam harum rerum amantissimus, nummos quotquot habuit Graecos [habuit autem preciosissimos) in nostram possessionem transtulerit. Nee vera haec tanta tamque egregia liberalitas admirationem aliquam iis movit, qui viro optima utebantur familiari. Testes ii sunt, quo ille artium amA>re
fiagraverit, et

quam

nihil sibi esse

proprium

optaverit,

quod

utilitati publicae aliquo

viii.,

modo

inseroire posset."

t Nichols, Lit. Anecdotes,

p. 483.

X Naturally Hunter did not take over specimens of which he already possessed duplicates. number of corns and medals that had belonged to Crofts were sold by auction by Gerard in March, 1782 The prices realised were not, as a rule, high.


INTRODUCTION
xxix

and well preserved, among the large bronze he thinks there are some false, but many very valuable and well preserved. Upon the whole I realy think you will do well to purchase the collection as it may serve to compleat yours and the duplicates will perhaps pay all the
expences.
possible.

However

all

have

to

desire

is

that you will

send
is

me your anSwer
sold

as soon

as

I can assure you this is no dealer's collection, but

by the gentleman whose

father and grandfather

made the

collection in

this country.

am

with great truth

and regard your most obedient humble servant

Wm.
Hunter allowed one
little diificult to

Hamilton."

or two posts to pass

before

replying, possibly because

he found

it

refuse without openly expressing his distrust of Hamilton's judgment.

collection.

Ultimately

he wrote declining the

But

it

was too

late.

On August

21st,

Hamilton wrote

him

a second letter.

"Sir
"

Having waited two

or

three

Posts
to

for

an

answer to
of

my

former Letter, I

was

under the necessity of giving an answer

the original

Having reduced demand one half before I sent you the catalogue and encouraged by the approbation of Byres who happend to come to Naples I ventured to pay the money, 1800 Neapolitan Ducats which is about 333 thinking that if you did not take them I might greatly oblige some collector in England for to the best of my judgement, this collection is nearly as good The great Bronze are as that which I purchased for the late L^ Morton here for 800.
the proprietor
the
medals.
in a cabinet very neatly

arranged and the Imperial silver and family medals in another well
realy no taste for medals except a few on account of the perfection absolutely of no use to me, and I cannot in conscience think
are so

arranged
of the

also.

As I have

coin

this

collection is

of drawing

upon you, as you

good as to allow me,

for

what you are

in

no want of

yet as

it

will not

be very convenient for

in

me

to

be long out of

my money
I
shall

as the ballance

I fear
to
is

is

against

me

my

agent's aoc' (Messrs.

Gray

&

Ogilvie)

be
it.

much
I

obliged
sure
it

you

if

you cou'd

find

any one that wou'd take the

I

collection as I

had

am

worth double the sum.

woud keep them here

until

safe

opportunity offerd to send

directly to

them home.

We

have sometimes large Swedish vessels that go from hence

England

and I believe in case of the war continuing they are the best. I shall be thankful! for the description of the Greek Coins* and I hope 1 may be able to supply you with some having given a commission all over Sicily and Magna Grecia for well preserved coins. If you find a purchaser for this collection the sooner he pays into Messrs. Gray & Ogilvie's hands on
the Terras Spring garden, the
for

sum 333 to be
them
for

placed to

my

account,

it

will

be the better
liberty I take

me

as I

pay 5 per

cent, to

what

I have overdrawn.
Sir,

Excuse the
occasions,

of troubling you with

my

private affairs

and believe me

on

all

with a very sincere

regard and esteem
yr most obt

huml

servt

Wm.
* In the letter to which this
is

Hamilton."

copy of

the Bescriptio to Hamilton

as soon as

a reply, Hunter had evidently announced his intention of sending a it appeared.

XXX

INTRODUCTION
The tenour
of Hunter's reply can be gathered from Hamilton's next letter.

"Naples, Octr 16th, 1781.

"Sir
"

Your

letter

of the 14th

Septr came safe to

my

you have lodged 333 in the hands of my Morton and for which his be packed up exactly as you direct, as were those I sent to numerous or L? paid 800 tho' as far as I can remember they were not either much more these medals several curious than this collection.* I flatter myself that you will find among

agents Messrs. Gray

hands and in which you tell me & Ogilvie. The medals shall

being worthy of a place in your Collection, and that the sale of the rest will prevent your any loss I beg it may be a loser. However should it turn out otherwise and there is to be mine as the purchase was certainly made without your order and you have acted, as you

always do, most handsomely on this occasion.

Swede

or

Danish ship

will soon be freighted

box with here directly for London, and I shall seize that opportunity of sending you a strong you timely notice with the medals safely packed according to your directions and shall send
the biU of loading that you

may have them

ensured.
I

am

Sir

with great regard and esteem yr most obt

humble

sert

Wm.
"P.S.
to

Hamilton."
freight

As the

cases in which the medals

came

to

me

are good but not worth the

England
safer

being old

and cumbersome I shall not send them.

The medals

will certainly be

much

packed as you direct and will go in smaller compass."

elapsed before an opportunity for despatching the collection to

Some time
At

England occurred.

length, however,

Hamilton was able

to

announce that

it

had been sent

off.

"Naples, Janry 8th, 1782.

"Sir
" I have the pleasure of acquainting you that the box of medals packed with care
after

your directions has been shipped on board a Danish vessel called the Graditta Cristiana
for

Lars Wolding commander bound

Maestro
di

London.

The box

is

directed

to

Casa del Principe di Caramanico the Neapolitan minister in

it

Don Gasparo Eusso London which we

it

were obliged to do as the captain wou'd not have taken

the property of a subject of Great Britain.
I
it

on board had he known

to be

hope you

will receive the

box

safe

and in as
they

good condition as when I sent

that in general the

it

off,

for

was packed

as

tight

as

possible.

I hope also
if

medals will prove to be to your satisfaction, but I repeat that

shoud not, I beg they may be sold and I will readily make up the deficiency in case the
produce of the Sale shoud not amount to the
just that you shoud be any
loser,

as
is

tho'

sum you have advanced, certainly purchased them

and the
list

for it for

woud not be
it

you, yet

was
of

without your
the box.

final

order.

Inclosed

the Bill of Loading

of the

contents

On

the coins purchased for Lord Morton, see

p. xviii.

INTRODUCTION
" I shall be very glad to receive

xxxi

your book of medals and will do

cities

my
of.

utmost to serve
Since I sent off

you with respect

to

any Greek coins of

that you

may be

in

want

your medals I have received the Prince of Torremuzza's Numismata of Sicilian medals and will send you a copy of that work, which is tollerably well executed for this country, by the next opportunity.
I

am

Sir

with great truth and regard

your most obedient

humble servant

Wm.
The
enclosure shows that the
collection

Hamilton."
coins,

contained

over 2000

Eoman

1248 being

of silver and 999 of bronze.

When

the box arrived. Hunter's worst fears were realised.

The

draft of the letter he wrote on the unpleasant occasion fortunately survives.

"

Windmill
as

St.

June

20, 1782.

" Sir

"Thinking

it

my

duty to give you as

for
all let

little

trouble

possible, I waited

till

the

medals arived, that I might once

you know the

result.

When

that time was come

it

round, the subject became so unpleasant and delicate that I could have wished to put
for ever
it is
;

off

and

my

indifferent state of health has contributed to the delay of

my

writing.

But
of

necessary, and I therefore sit down, tho with the greatest reluctance, to lay the whole before

you.

The Box arived

in perfectly good condition, and

it

excellently packed.

The Com"

Customs did me the honour to pass

for
first

free of

Duty.

he was impatiently waiting to see the medals.

general
inspection

therefore took care to

made it evident that keep them so guardedly

Mr. Combe was present at the opening, Then began our mortification for the you had been most shamefully abused. We
:

that both he and I should be able to declare

upon honor or upon oath that not one single medal had been lost, taken away or changed. Then we had them examined in presence of the Eev*" Messrs. Cratchrod and Southgate both

men

of

judgement in that way and of honourable characters.

;

They were

all

of opinion that

the value must be greatly under 100

that almost all the valuable medals which should have

so
ill

been were most miserably

that

false ones or

preserved as to deserve a place in no cabinet

of

they could not

have been

the

collection

Gentleman

for

that reason,

but more

especially because there were not only duplicates

and

triplicates, &c.,

but

6,

7,

8,

9,

and even

10 of some, and of course of the most

common

medals, without the smallest difference or variety.

I took the resolution therefore of selling the whole, and acquainted Mr. Greville* with our

proceeding and begged the favour of him to look

at

them

in

the

exhibition.

They were

accordingly sold by public auction on the 10th of May,

for

83 - 2 -

O.f

reduced the real

when the Town was full of company, The commission was 6-4-6, and the Duty on the sale 1-2-0 which value or price to 75 - 15 - 6 out of which we are even to make the further

* Hamilton's nephew, the Honourable Charles Greville. +

sold

Cataloffue of

copy of the catalogue, with the prices marked, is in the Hunterian Library. The title runs -."A a valuable Collection of Roman Coins, in Silver and Copper, consigned from abroad, ivhich will be by auction by Mr. Gerard, etc."


xxsii

INTEODUCTION
hill

deduction of the Freight and Custom house fees for which the

has not yet been received.

The sum which I paid

into your Bankers'

hands was 333.

I need not say that I

am

sorry

such scoundrels have found access to you, and at the same time think myself. Sir your very much obliged

and most humble

Hamilton gave expression
to his surprise

sert."

and chagrin in the following terms:

"Naples, July 16th, 1782.

" Sir,

wou'd have sent you a draught on Messrs Gray & Ogilvie for your reimbursement, had I known exactly the sum to be deducted from the 333 you deposited in their hands, but as you have not received the bill for freight and custom house fees of the unfortunate collection of medals, I cou'd only send an order which I have done, to the said gentlemen to
" I
settle

that

account with you whenever you

shall

call

overplus after the small produce of the medals has been deducted.
collecting

upon them, by paying you back the I have ever kept clear of

ignorance in that branch of antiquities, and indeed I purposely avoided acquiring knowledge therein knowing well how far such a taste may lead one, and I

medals knowing

my

for

my own

pleasure collect none except a well preserved Sicilian or

I

Magna

Grecia medal for

the beauty of the design.

value, but I

was made
I

to

was aware of the large bronze being ill preserved and of no great believe that the silver Imperial and family medals which I sent
in your letter of the 20th of

were very valuable.

was therefore thunderstruck when I saw June that the whole collection produced no more than 83 - 3.

I have been the

before

Dupe

of a
loss

rascally abbe,
is

whom

I realy did

not suspect to

be

dishonest
it

however

tho' the

not indifferent to

me

will think

as little about

as possible.

In the class of antiquities

which I understand I have been fortunate and have some very valuable additions to make to my collection in the British Museum as soon as we have peace when I hope to make you
another
visit.

I gave the

museum
to

as

much

as cost

me 700 when
enough

I was at

home

last

and
real

have near the same value

add now, tho' few people in England are aware of the

value of the collection at the

museum and many

are illiberal
is

to

think that I was a

case for

considerable gainer by the sale of them,* the contrary

certainly the

I forgot

to

charge

many

little

expences.

When
me

am dead and gone

perhaps the nation

may do me

justice

and

it is

that which animates

rather to inconvenience myself than lose an opportunity of

adding a piece of antiquity which I know to be of consequence to the collection.

consider

When

my

small fortune, and the

many

disagreeable shifts I have been obliged to

itself to

make rather

than not be the possessor of some valuable piece of art which has offerd
at

me

I wonder I did not

my

perseverance.
fill

I ought at this

moment

to hate the

sight of fine things

but

intend to

my

paper with

you

will

go to Messrs Gray

my own & Ogilvie

subjects the whole intention of this letter

as soon as

[is]

to

beg

you know exactly how

to ballance

our acct

that they

may refund

[you] according to

my

order and I will think as

little

as possible

upon

the disagr[ee]able subject.

Your most

sincere

W.
*

Hamilton."

The

price paid

Hamilton by the nation

in 1772

was 8410.

INTRODUCTION
Hunter's reply, for which a draft
" 8ir
is

xxxiii

again available, was written on August 23rd.

" In consequence of your order I took from Mr.

receipt^
]s

Gray 200,
guinea.

for

which I gave him a

on the back of your

letter to

him upon the

subject of the medals.

The whole account

I

as follows.

The freight and custom house fees was a The whole therefore which I advanced was
75 200
In
all

334
15
6

I received from the auctioneer

and from your banker

275

15

275

15

Ballance 58 5 6 This Ballance I charge myself with for not having written at first by return of Post. " I should, with you, wish to think no more upon the subject, except you could any way punish the authors of the imposition, which I should hope might be done one way or other. In that case I shall be ready to give any assistance in my power.
"
first

Om- Greek Cities will be published in Nov''. conveyance that Mr. Greville can inform me

I will take care to send

of.

you a copy by the

know your Collection at the Museum is much esteemed by the public, and your generous additions have been received with much gratitude. If there is not such a spirit
far as I

"

As

the public, I shall be disappointed.

I heartily wish

For

in
all

making my

collections I have

had the public

in view.

you and L^ H.*

to

health and happiness in the meantime, and at

a proper time a

happy return

your own country, being always Sir

your much obliged

and most humble Sert

W. H."
Without doubt
coins that
it was Hunter's well-founded suspicions as to Hamilton's ability to judge had made him play the part of the careful buyer. He still spent money freely wherever

he had

full

confidence in

the

discretion of his

agents.

Thus, concurrently with the

in the acquisition of a

Naples

negotiations, he

was carrying on a correspondence that ended

collection

formed by Louis Giraldi, a doctor in Eome.

The

De.fo-ijtfiu places this in

the year 1782, and

All

we may assume that

however,
fall

it

was not until then that the coins reached London.

the letters,

within the previous year, and the owner's receipt for a thousand
that the bargain was finally concluded

Eoman

crowns

(about 230) proves

on December 12th, 1781.

From
It is

another document we learn that the collection consisted of " Medals of the
that there were in
interesting to
all

Magna

Grecia," and

581 specimens, 3 being of gold, 483 of

friend

silver,

and 95 of bronze.

remember that the

who

acted for Hunter in the matter was Charles Townley

(1737

1805), whose magnificent collection

Eome who
who rendered Townley

of sculptures is

now

in the British

Museum, and that

the correspondent in
banker,

carried through the purchase, was

Thomas

Jenkins, an English

material assistance in the foimation of his

own museum.
of

* This was Hamilton's

first wife,

who

died in 1782.

He

did not

make the acquaintance

Emma,

his

Eecond wife,

till

1784.

t Jenkins had no knowledge of numismatics. In order therefore to guard against imposition, he emjloyed two competent experts to examine and report upon the coins.

xxxlv

iisrTRODuoTioisr

In

1782

the

Cabinet received

the

largest

addition

ever

made

to

it

at

one time,

the

Duane Collection alone excepted. The negotiations regarding this

transaction

deserve

particular

notice

from

the

fact that

Imperial Cabinet at Vienna they give us a glimpse of Joseph Eckhel, already in charge of the once for all on a scientific and destined before long to place the study of ancient numismatics account of a basis. In 1781 there had been published at Leipzig, in two parts, an elaborate

The first part,* dealing with the gems_ and edited by F. W. Eeiz of Leipzig, who compiled the description of the gems. The original owner of of the coins was by Eckhel, and occupied 164 pages. at the court of the Empress Joseph de France, who had held high office
very fine

museum

of antiquities.

the

coins,

was

The

description

the whole was

Marie Theresa.
Canhegiesser,

He

being

dead,

it

had descended

to

his

grand-daughter,

Anna Catharina von

the wife of Joachim Albert von Hess, himself a

dignitary of the

Austrian Empire.

Neither

Hess nor his wife had taste enough

to

to

value their precious possession, and they were anxious

opportunity.

turn

it

into

money

at

the

earliest

The catalogue
contents

mentioned
of

above

was

accordingly prepared for the express purpose of making the

to persons likely to

the

museum known
of
of

be purchasers of

it.f its

The book must have speedily found

the year that succeeded
its

way

into

Hunter's hands.
into
his

For in the spring

publication, the coins passed

possession.

On

p.

xviii.

the catalogue there had been printed a " Conspectus

Numlxmatum" which

gives us a general

idea of the character of this great addition to the Cabinet.

"

Numi Numi

aurel Augustorum,

Augustarum
aevi

et

Gaesarum,X eorum nwmerus

695
50

aurei medii et recentioris

Niimi argentei Familiarum, Augustorum, Augu,ftarum,

Gaemrum

679
21

Numi Numi Numi

argentei medii

et recentioris

nevi

aenei

maximi moduli Augg.^

et

77 17

contorniati

Pondera, numi urhiuin

popidorum omnis metalli

63

Numi regum omnis

metalli

86

Summa uumorum omnium

It will

1688

"

be seen

from this that the majority of the coins were Eoman, and we even
allowing for duplicates,
the

may
for

further

conclude that,

Hess Collection

is

responsible

large
price

proportion of the fine series of

Eoman

gold pieces

now

in the

Hunterian Museum.

The

paid

to

Hess was 2280, a sum which was considerably increased by incidental

to

expenses.

The
coins.

money was remitted

Special

Vienna in
to

April

through Mr.

Drummond,
for

the

Austrian agent
custody of the

being the banker Stametz,

who was
Avere,

make himself

responsible

the safe

arrangements

however, required to secure their transmission to London,

et

* Musei Franciani Descriptio.

pp. 432.

Pars prior comprehendens numismata

(/emmas.

Leipzig, 1781, pp. xxiv.

t The words of the Preface are: "Hi jam hvjas Musei domini, quod i2}sis eo i/ti non vacat, et quod gramntur onere imiti/is possessionis, piraesertim quum in ea ingens pecuniae summa sterilis Jaceat, vmdendi illius

consilium ceperunt."
X

Roman Among

Imperial and Byzantine gold pieces.

the 'large brass' of the

Roman Emperors

are included

some 'Greek Imperial'

coins.

INTRODUCTION
and
a

xxxv

for assistance in this Hunter had recourse to a scientific friend, Dr. Jan Ingen Housz, Dutch physician, then residing in the Austrian capital. Ingen Housz, author of Experiments upon Vegetables, &c., S:c. (London, 1779), was a native of Ihcida. He came to England about the year 1767 to study tlie Suttonian method of inoculating for small-pox, and in 1768 he

was engaged

to

go to Vienna to inoculate certain members of the Imperial Family.

'

So satisfactorily

did he perform this duty that he was appointed

their Imperial Jlajesties,"

Body Physician and

a visit
in

Counsellor of State to
occasion

He was

in

London again on

1779, on which

he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.

remaining here
1799.*
till

Latterly he
at the seat

made
of the

his

home

in

this country,

his death,

which took place

Marquis of Lansdowne in

The

letters

he wrote regarding the Hess Collection have about them a certain quaintness
It

that renders them of peculiar interest.

would appear that Hunter opened the correspondence

on Hess and also on the Abbe Eckhel, whose

by requesting Ingen
to

Housz

to

see to

the proper packing of the coins, and to their despatch

call

England.

With

this view

he was to

name
Here

doubtless suggested itself on account of the part he had taken in preparing the Catalogue.
is

his first report, reprinted verbatim.

"Dear

Sir

very happy to find myself honoured with your lettre. Hess and mr Ekhel on purpose to communicate to them the to mr very willingly agreed to examine with me the medals, you purchased, to
desired,

" I was

I went immediately
contents,
fold

mr Ekhel
as

them up

you

to seal

them

and

secure

them
in

in

the hands

of

mr

Stametz.
i

As mr Ekhel sends

often such things into foreign countries

and recieves them very frequently,

wrapping them up.
rest

the same precautions as you

advise

found him advising we performed the have of this

business last
to
till

Sunday, and will finish the

to-morrow,

and as soon as the ordre comes

will repose,

mr

Stametz,

we

will

deliver
to

the

parcels

in

hands of mr Stametz, where they

i

you

send ordres

how

dispose of them,

should thinck

such precious things should

Shelburn, or Eockingham
that
it.

not be sent but by a messenger of the ministry,

will willingly give

mr Fox, Lord
i

ordres

for

it,

and in

this
sir

case

will

take

care

everything be well
i

secured,

and

will in the

mean time speak

Robert Keithj about

rejoice

to see

you

prooves more continue your old friendship towards me, as you can give me no thus an oportunity, by which i than in employing me and affording me
it

satisfactory of

my show

you,

how much
to

value

your commands, and which may make me some what

useful to a gentleman

whom

profess to

owe respect and

i

gratitude.

I send you back the inclosed lettre of credit

of five

hundred Pond of which

did not dare to employe

;

more than what was the value of

as i know your collection to be since many years so the oarsi you recieved many years ago would be difficult to meet with pieces, which would have a change to deserve

valuable, that

it

a place in

it.

if

you should think

it

good, you
collection

never had seen before this time the

may send me an other of mr Hess, and was

of a

fresher date.

astonishd at

such an

* These particulars are taken from a brief notice of Ingen Housz in Nichols, Literary Anecdotes, viii., follow the model of his own signatures. In printing Ingen Housz instead of Ingenhousz,' I pp. 47 f Imperial Court. t Sir Robert Murray Keith, Envoy at the + Hunter had evidently put 500 at the disposal of Ingen Housz, to be used at his discretion in
'
'

'

purchasing rare minerals for the Museum.

xxxvi

USTTRODUCTION
treasure worthy of a souverain, in the hands of a

uncommon
body.*
be
all
i

man who

looks
rest,

upon

it

as

a dead
to
i

saw his gemms, described in his catalogue, as well as the any collection in that kind
his wife's
i

and think them

i

together far superior to

of

ever beheld,

think by what
the whole

may judge
of
it

mr Hess and

manner
it,

of thinking,

they would

sell

at a

very reasonable rate, or even a part of

as for instance the

gemms.

you may easily judge

by the catalogue.
"It would perhaps give you some satisfaction to adorn your library with a singular work
Jacquin, Professor in Botany hier,
copies, of

of

mr

my

brother in law.

it

is

a work in folio atlantico,

is

of

which were made only twolf

i

which only one single copy

of,

left

unplaced,

and

which
it.

requested him some days ago, not to dispose

till

had got an answer of you about

it

consists of

264 very

fine pintings after

nature of the most beautifull plants of hot climates,

is

all

done by hand, without ingraving.

the
price

the text

Latin being an ample description of those

will

plants.

of

it

is

340

flor.

Vienna money, which

the rest of the

be

about

37

Pounds

St.

according to the
Princes, " I
i

cours of exchange,

copies are mostly in hands of souverain

incline to it or not.

you will be so good as to inform hope

to

me whether you

see

you once

more

in

your country, for which

you know
closely,

my
a

partiality,

remain the same laborious Dutch

published this weak here of

man

as ever,

and continue

to

work
yet

new work
in german,

is

myne containing
original

sixteen different treatises, but

in

it is

translated

from

my

M.S.

my

edition
it.

french being not

printed in

Paris

by

negligence of those that have the care of

am

respectfully

dear

sir

your obedient humble

Vienna

this 17 April 1782.

servant J. Ingen Housz.

"N.B. Mr Drummond
credit."

must

strike

out

of his

book the copy of the inclosed

lettre

of

The next
"

letter

in the series

shows that the

first

had crossed one from Hunter.

Dear

sir

your second lettre dated London April 12. after the have had three meetings at mr Hess's house with abbe Eckhel and have with him examined the medals you purchassed. we have carefully wrapped them up in
reciet

"I was favoured with

first,
i

of your

rows doubled over one an other according to your direction, so that the medals cannot touch one an other nor moove in the least. we took a double sheet of tough paper to wrapp the meals in this paper is wrapt up in a sheet of strong writing paper as tight as could be without taring it. this sheet of paper is folded over on both extremities. each of us has put his seal upon one of them after which I have corded over very tightley each of these paquets and sealed the nod, so that each paquet, containing generaly six rows of six meddals
; ;

each, viz. in all 48 medals,

is

secured by

it

self.

of all the paquets containing goold medals

virtutum mter paueos illustrant."

* Ingen Housz's judgment contrasts trangely with the grandiloquent description of Hess given by the editor of the catalogue of his collections-" Vir rjuem et splendor ampUssimae dignitaih, et ma.nmamm lam

INTRODUCTION
we made again
and
allso

xxxvii

one,

which we both sealed agnin.

we
i

did

the

same with the

silver

medals

with the brass, only for security's sake,

sir

made an inventary
to

of the whole.
at

" I

have agreed with

this

Roberth Murray Keith

meet mr Eckhel and mr Hess

mr Stametz one day

if

weak, to open the three different parcels to examine each of them,

as

they are in the same condition

mr Eckhel and

put them, then to wrap them one

after

an other into a good deal of tow and shut them very tightely into a strong wooden box,
will seal all

which we
been put

three,

and dress a declaration* signed by us that

declaration
in
will

in

that

box have

such

paquets.
to

which

in title

mr Hess
bills,

according
of the

your direction.

the

mean time

mr Stametz to pay mr Stametz will

the

money

to

probably have

drawn som
market

for the
;

money upon mr Drummond on purpose to have a better marked for the sum is too large to find purchassers for it at once without overrunning the but mr Stametz will not deliver a single penny without the box beying put save
iirst

into his

hands and he being

far your ordres

authorised by our attestation.

fulfilled,

"Thus

will

be punctualy
as

what remains
by

to be done will require

more circumspection, the more

messenger, or even a traveller,

so
is

your advise of sending those things by some or other

sir

entirely disaprooved of
vvliole

Roberth, as being unsave in

many
in of

respects.

His advise
secured,

is,

that the

quantity of the medals should be pacquet up

here,

one box well

and delivred in hands of mr Grosser

et

who

is

a correspondent
it

mfs Frederic liomberg

silks

compagnie of Ostend.

Those gentlemen, who make

their business

of undertaking such like commissions, and perform

them actualy
the
care
of

for

your east india company

whole.
Sir Robert thinks
till

with
that

brought over Constantinople and Vienna, answer

parcel

for the

this

must be kept
appoint
a

at

Ostend

under

mfs

Romberg
to

you

or

mr Drummond
carry
it

will

man, who being authorised by you may recieve the box and

over to

London, or

till

you give your ordres

to

mr Romberg
to

deliver

it

to

the

commander

of their

own

vessels

which goe continualy from Ostend

London and

vice

versa

under neutral flagg. "i join in opinion with

sending those things to you.
sir

Robert that this

as

is

the safest and the most expeditious

way

of

But

you are

to consider the thing

your
till

self

and

to give

your

own

ordres about

it,

the box will remain in hands of

mr Stametz

you, or

mr Drummond
fulfilled,

in your name, give your expres ordres to

him how

to proceed

in this business.
it

"As

soon as you will

have

let

us
to

but the explicit

order must be given

it, will

know your intention, mr Stametz him self

allso

will
it

be

punctualy
in

for

his he
to to

whose hands
Stametz, to
for the

the box will be at that time,

be

necessary to
for the

give

ordres
is

mr

what sum he must rate the value

whole.

of the whole,

commissionary
i

answer

The expenses of this

or

expedition

are very moderate,

get

my

self

every thing ifrom

England

Holland by the same whay.

is

" this

the inventary of the medals

^14
^
J
V
1
,

parcels each containing

48
25
o
c

medals medals

'\

parcel containing

> total 702

medals

containing

* This declaration, with the signatures and seals

of

Eckhel, Sir R. Keith and Ingen Housz,

is

in the

Hunterian Museum.

INTEODUCTION
silver

14
1

parcels each containing

48
18 12
6

medals
I

total

690

medals

parcel containing
parcels containing each

7
1

medals
total

parcel
parcel

brass medals
1
1

parcel

93

2
1

parcel containing

31

medals

medals of
different metals

1 1

30

25

total

147

gold silver

1
1
1

24
23

bronze

14

am with

the greatest estime

dear

sir

your obedient humble servant

Vienna

May

1th 1782.

J.

Ingen Housz."
steps

There was some delay or misunderstanding about taking the

suggested

in

Ingen

Not improbably the unsatisfactory state of Hunter's health was responsible Housz's letter. Two months later Ingen Housz wrote again. for nothing being done.
"

Dear
"

sir
i

When

communicated

to

you the advise of

the

sir
i

Eobert M. Keith about the surest and

safest

immediately take care of

made no doubt but mr Grosser would sir E. M. Keith had told me in absolute terms, that mr G-rosser himself had assured him he undertook without difficulty But mr Stametz found him as yet very unwilling to undertake any envoye of whatever value.
way
of conveying to

you the box with medals,

and insure
for

it

value

as

it,

because

he got no advise whatever about

i

he would have received as

about the
affair

made no doubt but you with mr Eomberg, who is so near

reather a

that this delay

is

lukky event

mr Eomberg, which indeed i thaught mr Drummond would have corresponded However i fancy with sir Eob: at hand. considering mr Eomberg has had no intelligence of
it

from

or

the whole

affaire.

"Now,
sir

as the
i

expedition

is

of a

considerable

value,

'it

will be absolutely necessary,

it

as

E. and

think, that
settle

you or mr

Drummond

should write about

directely to
as wel in

mr Eomberg
what manner
and other
a model of

at

Ostende, and

the whole affaire in a clear

manner with him,

mr Stametz aught
the insurance
bill,

to

proceed in the business, as for what premium

it.

of insurance

charges he will undertake

it

will be necessary also that

mr Eomberg sends you

as
to

of which
to

if

approoved, you will be

so good

send

a copy to
to

me

or

mr
as

Stametz,

on

purpose

meet

with

no

new

difficulties.

mr Eomberg aught
it.

write

everything in the frensh' language, that

mr Stametz may understand

mr
Stametz,

Sir E. thinks, that

mr Eomberg

is

at

hand, the whole business must be settled in a clear

way between you

zelous

and him
man.

before full orders are to be given to

who

is

a very carefull and

you may transact more business with mr Eomberg in 2 weaks than we in 2 months.

INTRODUCTION
and as you are
to to

xxxix
it

give your sanctiou

to
if

every article of the transaction,

would only tend

it

retard the fulfilling of the business,

mr Stametz

or

should correspond about

with

mr Eomberg.
"

Tho

am somewhat
affaii-,

mortify ed at this uu expected refuse of

it

mr

Grosser, yet

think, by

considering the

he could not undertake

withot the concurrence of

i

mr Komberg.
ordred the inward

"Mr
box

Stametz got an other box made to receive the sealed box.

to be wel secured with

tow so that

it

can't

stirr.

"be
not doe

sur, sir,

that

will

doe everything in

my

power

to
i

oblige

you and that yoa can

with som succes.
if
i

me

a greater favour than to employ

as fast as
i

me

in anything

am

able to execute.
i

"I work
i

can in experimental philosophy, and, as

of

think,

would have send over the manuscript

my

second volum on vegetables,

had not been

Polemical

kept back by a rude attack of

writings
are very disagreable.
i

Dr
it

Priestley and

mr

Cavallo against

my

doctrine.

seems Dr Priestley takes as much delight in this kind of

it.

quareling business as
so far, that

have an aversion of

His unaccountable itching

for criticism

goes

one of his prooves by which he undertakes to contradict

wel as moist,
of
to
air
is,

my

saying that our bodies

evaporates air as
this

that anatomist have never found aerial vessels to perform

evaporation

from the skin.

carryed
on.

the cutaneous
is,

evaporation

of moist

does

not want

organised vessels
blotting

be

where moist
will

evaporation

takes

place, to

even from a
in

paper,

in

which the Eev"* Doctor

its

not look for

organisation

believe

the

evaporation from

substance,
i

good

seltzer

water and champain yield a good deal of air

without any air vessels,

can scarce think a

man

being of a very sociable disposition

if

he

takes delight in criticism for the sake only of quareling.

"I am sorry my paper on the subject of my doctrine came too late to be red at the E. S. i make no doubt but it contained a full answer to Dr Priestley's and mr Cavallo's
objections.

am most
dear

faithfully

sir

your obedient humble servant

Vienna July 3th 1782.

J.

Ingen Housz."

Hunter did write

direct to

Eomberg, who expressed

his readiness to undertake the conveyance

from Vienna to London.

He

reserved to himself the right of choosing his

own agents

in Austria,

declining to have anything to do with Grosser.

The whole sum

to be paid
it

by Hunter, including
overland

the premium of insurance, was 100.

out this arrangement.

For some reason

the

or other

proved impossible to carry

so

The

difficulties in

way

of transferring

much

treasure

were too

much

for the ordinary

means

of transit.

It turned out that nothing short of a special

messenger would serve the purpose.

Finally, however, in

Some months elapsed before the beginning of 1783 Ingen Housz was able

a fitting opportunity occurred.

to write

Hunter as follows

"Dear

sir

"Since

my

last

sir

E.

Keith look'd continualy out

for

a propre
till

oportunity to

send you the box with medals.

But as he did not meet with a good one

it

now, he advised

me

to abstain
it

from writing you, as

wait for

in uncertainty.

He

would have answered no other end than to make you found at last such a one as wilL answer the purpose, one

xl

INTRODUCTION
Mr Eward

John Macdonnald known particularly by Sir Koberth by his honesty, having been a sergeant
in
his

regiment

this

15

jears,

returns

to

England, will

take

charge

of

it.

takes the

man

in

his

own

carriage,

and

sets

out next friday, jan.

will

17th from here in full

of

speed

for

Brussels,

where John Macdonnald

transaction

deliver

it

in

hands

mr Romberg, who
and, will
after

will be informed

of the

and of the

description

of the

box,

due

examination of the identity of the same, give a discharge in writing to

the said John Macdonnald

and pay him by order of

will be desired to act

sir
it

Eoberth

for his

care

and trouble twenty guineas,

touch

mr Eomberg
you or

with
as

farther according to the orders he will have recieved from

will not
let

from mr Drummond.
Ireland,
sir

John Macdonnald
it

London but proceed directely to

directely at

Roberth thaught
full

advisable to

him have the reward

i

Brussels,

and

as

you gave him

powers of acting in the business,

will

have abided

and make no doubt but you

got over

approove

of

it.

some

difficulty

by his resolution had started about the

against the law
is
;

medals goying out in such large quantity out of the country, which
i

is

but

it

by taking
is

full

power from the imperial mint

office,

whose president

my

friend.
it

Tho

the chest

so

stuff'ed

up with tow that there

is

no possibily of any thing within

moving in the least about, yet i would not allow it to be put in a trunk, which being upon mr Eward to put it with him in the i persuaded the wheels would be too much tossed.
carriage,
i

where

it

will give

him som inconvenience

a waxed cloath to be

but
put,

it

will

be very safe in every respect.

ordred over every thing

itself is

and over that a strong leather cover.

it

The box

not only very strong, but, on purpose to give

it

every possible security,

it
it

got

cross iron barrs fixed over

so that it is secured against every accident,

is

such havy and

cumbersom box, that

adscribe

the willingness of
you.

mr Eward

in giving

a place in a great

manner
"I

to the particular regard he bears

am

very glad your vexations about this transactions will

now be

over.

But thow

bestowd a good deal of care

other transaction you

upon

it,

this

must not prevent you

i

of employing me in any

may

think

me

fit

to fulfill for you.

can not by any such like services

give you prooves strong

i

enoug of

my

sentiment of respect gratefuUness and friendship which

bear you.

I should wish to have the satisfaction to see this

this time be

new

treasure adorn your

museum,
still
i

which must by
live,
i

an astonishing one indeed,

if

my

old imperial mistress

i

was

would very

certainly soon appear again in your metropolis, as

i

feel

more and more

after
;

was

destined by Providence to live and die there,

must acknowledge however that

as
i

return'd

here

last,

did live as comfortably and contented as ever, and

i

coud wish

and when the

empress died,
that, if
i

did not harbour in

my

breasth the smallest or the most distant apprehension,

shused to remain here, the Present Emperour should diminished any of the advantages

which were given me with

after

having in the least

sollicited

them, nay which

i

accepted but

having been

sollicited

during 4 months to accept of them, to which

will
i

consented even very

conditions,

reluctantly as

Dr Huck- Saunders

remember very

well,

one of the

and even
life,

one of the most engaging, was, that

yet
i

should have a convenient free lodging during

it,

and

lost

it

even after making respectfuU remonstrances against

which

thaugt, on advice

of the first ministres, to have a right to make, having for security the

Royal word and even

that
i

an express promis of the Emperour confirmed by shaking hands with

me

could depend

upon
one

hit!

lasting friendihip towards me.

it

is

to

me but
st.

a poor consolation that allmost every

to

is in

the

same
it

case,

as

was perhaps the only one

of about 100

whom

it

was solemly promish'd as

is

a condition,

makes an odd

Pound

a year, which

too

much

for

man

mTEODUCTION
who
the
IS

xli

not rich and

in

is

to

late in life to
is,

repair the

loss,

indeed
for
it,

can live without

i

it;
it,

but
that,

what vexes me
first

the

affair,

that there was no

reason

and that

find

by

step being made, there

is

no impossibility of an other,

it

makes me

often low-spirited

and

unfitt for serious

and deep

reflexions,

and

it

makes me

regret to have neglected to improove

my

when i had the oportunity. if i had, be sure, i would willingly sacrifice every thing for quietness of mind, as fear is more distressing than real misfortune. ci%d timet. Us miser est. by all this i work night and day and find the most solid consolation and comfort in the pursute of wisdom. This all I communicate you as a friend, whose
small fortune
discretion
i

know,

and who knows that silence and patience are the savest remedies against such no human prudence can avert or foresee.
"

evils,

which

Mr Eward

did

me

the pleasure of writing about the printing of a second edition of

to
if

my
no

book and a second volum, answer before he sets out.

a bookseller in Edinburg
this will

but

am
it

afrayd
up,

he will get no
will

not succeed,

must give

and

write

more in

english.

there

is

actualy a book of

myne

in the press at Paris and in Holland, in

which are several new discoveries in natural philosophy, i would have translated it in english if 1 had not been discouraged by the loss of tast for discoveries, which seems to go in England
a pace with the loss of America.
i

am

The tast of the Germans for them seems to be increased, glad you keep up the tast for valuable antiquities with your magnificent work on medals.
I

am

with great estime

Dear

sir

your most obedient

humble servant Vienna Jan 13th 1783

J.

Ingen Housz."

The

" laborious

service of his

course of this

Dutch man " was not the only friend whom Hunter pressed into the museum. The names of many who aided him have already occurred in the introduction, and a number more will be found in the 'Account.' There remain
it

a few whose specific contribution

in the
are
list

is

no longer possible

to

identify,
to

but

who

are included

of those

mentioned "
fourth

honori.f

causa " in the Preface

a

the

Descriptio*
politician
;

These
Eobert

Willoughby

Eertie,

Earl of Abingdon,
collection is

distinguished

Whig
;t

Austen of Shalford, Surrey, whose

* It

mentioned by Pinkerton

William Bidle, M.D.,

may be

as well to print this

list

in full, premising that

it

professes to include only the less important

among the benefactors

of the Collection.

of the brief narrative that precedes.

persolvendae sunt, qui symbolam siiam

fautores.
in com,. Surr., Geor.

more detail in the body The words of the preface are " Sed et aliis gratiae nostrae merito jure quasi in commune aeiririum contulerunt, operis hujusce et rei nummariae

The

services of the others are recorded in

:

Willoughby Comes de Abingdon, Robertus Austen arm., de Shalford Baker Baronettus, Reginae Med., Joannes Ballard arm., Southamptoniensis, Benj. Bartlett arm., de Hartshill in com. Wanoic, Gulielmus Bidle M.D., Windsoriensis, Franc, Carter arm., de Woodbridge in com. Suffolk, Rev. Clayton Mordaunt Cracherode, M.A. Aedis Christi Oxon, alumnus, Oulielmus Cumhig M.D,,

Itaque honoris causa nominentur,

Dorcestriensis, Joannes English Dolben arm. Gidielmi Dolben Bu.ronetti filius, Joannes

Mac Gowan

arm., Edinburgensis,

Joannes Jackson,

civis

Londinensis, Steph. Leeson, de Southtvark in com. Surr., Richardus Miles, civis Londinensis,

Some particulars Rev. Richardus Southgate, Clericus Londinensis, Bernardus Turner, Patricius JLondinensis." with regard to most of these persons will be found either in the Introduction or in the notes to the Account.'
'

Essay on Medals (London, 1789),

vol.

i.,

p.

11.

j-lii

INTRODUCTION
Windsor
;

of

William Cuming,

M.D., educated at
;

Edinburgh High

School and University,

;

Stephen Leeson of. John MacGowan of Edinburgh afterwards in practice at Dorchester and Bernard (or Barnard) Turner, Alderman of London. Southwark We saw from the last letter of Ingen Housz that the Hess Collection was to leave
;

Vienna on January 17th, 1783.

same month witnessed the

of Alex'

last

The can hardly have reached London before EebTuary. Feb. Gold Medallion Account,' " purchase recorded in the
It
'

suffered

&c. 10 much from

10."
gout.
it

For some time Hunter's health had been unsatisfactory.

had rendered
in
its

He had

But with characteristic determination he exacted from his weakened

prime.

frame the same labour

the seizure that was to prove fatal.

rising from his

bed

to lecture to his students.

With the hand of The effort

Towards the end of March there came death actually upon him he insisted on
greatly aggravated his illness.

Thence-

forward he sank rapidly.

On

March 30th he passed away, after saying to his friend

a pen, I would write

Combe
it

"If
is

had strength enough

die."

to hold

how

easy and pleasant a thing

left

to

By

his

will,

which

is

dated July

23rd,

1781,

Hunter

his

Museum, which

but a very valuable collection of books, minerals, shells, &o., as included not only Dr. George Fordyce, well as all his anatomical preparations, in the hands of three trustees Dr. David Pitcairn, and Mr. Charles Combe. These trustees were to hold it for twenty years
his coins,

on behalf of Hunter's nephew, Matthew

they were to
the contents.

Baillie,

of Balliol
far

College, Oxford.

During

this

time

"make

it

useful

to

the

Publick," so

as they could
at

do so without injury to

At the expiration

of twenty years, or

such time thereafter as the College

"have got ready a dry well aired and conveniiint House built on purpose" to contain it, the trustees were to hand the whole over to the University of Glasgow, to be employed in the manner " most conducive to the improvement of the students of the said University of Glasgow." By a codicil dated August 31st, 1782, the term of years during which
authorities should

the

Museum was

to

remain in London was extended

to

thirty.

By

'

disposition

'

signed on

September 12th, provision was made for a permanent endowment.

of all the

The sum
aside for

of 8000, one half

the

money Hunter was possessed of Museum. It was bequeathed to "the

to

at his

death, was set

the maintenance of

Principal

and Faculty of the College of Glasgow,"

seem

who were
principal

pay the interest of one moiety to the trustees for upkeep, so long as the collections

remained in their hands.

of the

The

interest
to

and (should

it

fit)

any part or parts of the

site

other moiety were

be applied " in or towards " purchasing a

of the

for

building and erecting the same.

At the end

term of thirty years the

interest

of the

whole of the capital sum that might remain was to be devoted to extending the usefulness of
the Museum.*

The terms
which
is

of Hunter's will bear testimony to

his

public

spirit.

There could hardly be a

scientific

more signal proof of his greatness than the insight into the methods of
of his coin cabinet.

scholarship

revealed in his scheme for publishing to the world a complete account of the contents

The

idea took possession

of his

mind

at

an early stage.

We

found

it

* " To establish such Lectures and Lecturers and also from time to time to alter such Establishments and to keep the said Collection in such good repair and to make such additions thereto especially in adding to or compleating if possible any useful series under such rules and regulations as I may direct by any Deed or Writing for that purpose, Failing which. All as the said Principal and Professors and their successors in office shall from time to time judge most conducive to promote the Utility of my Collection to the Students in the University of Glasgow and to the public in general."

INTRODUCTION
referred to in the correspondence with

xliii

Hamilton

as far back as 1774.

But

it

was not

till

the

very end of 1782 that Combe's Descn'ptio appeared.

The merits

of that

work are

so generally

acknowledged that
far

it

is

unnecessary to enlarge upon them here.

Suffice it to

say, that it

was

ahead of anything known at the time.

first

that there was adopted for the

weight,
metal,

To mention only one point, it was in this book time the plan, now universally followed, of printing the
on the margins.
all

and

size

of

every coin in parallel columns

Although the
countries,
it

Descri}it!o

has spread the fame of the collection among numismatists of

is

only a fragment.
six volumes.

According to the plan outlined in the Latin preface there were to be other
to contain coins of the of Persia,
literae

Of these one was

to deal with

same

class as those actually published;

a second

was

the

as well as with other coins "

itself

money quorum

Phoenicia,

Samaria, Palmyra, and Carthage,

" ;*

minus cognitae sunt

and

a third was to concern

with the coins of the kings, a fourth with imperial coins struck in the colonies
cities,

and

Greek

fifth

with unpublished

Eoman

coins,

the remaining volume with

Saxon

and English

issues.
to
it

Combe's close association with the Descriptio has led

were his voice, and not Hunter's, that speaks
to
;

the preface being read as

if it

and hence

has been supposed that he was

is

be responsible for the whole of the seven volumes.

to

That

not

so.

Hunter's intention
doubt, under

was

make use

of the

best available specialist in

each department.

No
But

such

an arrangement, several of the volumes would have fallen to Combe.

the

only other with

which any progress was made, had been entrusted and antiquary (1729

to the Eev.

Eichard Southgate.
the British

This divine

1795),

who was

latterly

assistant librarian at

Museum, had

made a special study of Saxon coins, of which he had himself a notable collection. Glimpses which we have had of him in the course of the preceding narrative have shown him as one That he had been selected for definite and distinguished of Hunter's numismatic advisers.
service
is

proved
519).

by the following interesting extract from

the

Gentleman's Magazine

for

1782
"

(p.

We
is

are

happy

to

announce

to

our readers

the

following intelligence on a subject of

National as

ivell

as Literary curiosity.

proposed to publish the noble collection of Saxon coin preserved in Dr. Hunter's to^ elucidate museum, illustrated with notes and historical observations. This work is intended The uncertainty and obscurity. part of the English history, at present involved in much

"It

proprietor

is

permit

and and do not intend to complete the

;

the subject of it will desirous that this work should be as perfect and useful as a few Saxon coins, he flatters himself, that amongst those who are possessed of
series,

there are

many who

will be glad to encourage this

which are not in his museum, undertaking; and if they will favour the proprietor with any coins, and their names will an handsome equivalent will be returned in money, or in other Perhaps it obligingly contribute. be mentioned in the work with the coin which they shall assured that this collection is may be a further inducement to noblemen and gentlemen to be persons of taste and literature, who for the inspection of all
intended as a lasting repository
their remote ancestors. are desirous of examining such authentic remains of " understand, will he given hy the Eev. the coins, we description

The

Mr. Southgate."

of

Cabinet. * Doubtless the ancient Spanish coins, which are well represented in the

9 2

xliv

INTRODUCTION
Within a very few months
after

the appearance

of this

semi-oflScial

notice

Hunter
tlie

died,

and the plan was in consequence abandoned. and

contemplated publishing
a

Southgate continued to work at the subject,

general

treatise

on the

Saxon coinage.

But

book was

never actually written.*

Nor were any

serious steps ever taken towards completing the catalogue

of the rest of the collection in accordance with Hunter's design.

He had

indeed given express

to

injunctions to
first

his

Trustees that the compilation of such a catalogue was

be

one of the

tasks to which they should address themselves.

But the master

a

spirit that

had conceived
practitioner,

and directed the enterprise was gone, and those who remained behind lacked the means or
the energy to carry
it

through.

Besides,

Combe now became

little

regular medical

and his success was so marked that he can have had

pursuits.

time to spare for numismatic

is

The supplementary
;

list

of coins

which he drew up in manuscript,

meagre and
In the

unsatisfactory

and some years before the period fixed by Hunter had expired, he and his

fellow Trustees voluntarily renounced their right of retaining the

Museum
reception.

in

London.

meantime the authorities

in

Glasgow had been preparing was ready.

for its

The
the

fine building,

designed by Stark, which was for so long a familiar feature of the old College precincts, had

been erected, and by 1807

all

In the summer of that year

Principal
is

and

Faculty entered into the possession of their heritage, which, along with
in

much

that

precious

the

eyes

of

the

bibliographer
is

and the man

of science,

included

such an

apparatus for

historical

research as

at

the disposal of no other University in the world.

* See Nichols, Lit. Anecdotes, vi., p. 112, where we are told that "his progress in it (for some progress he had made) was retarded by his diffidence." Of. Pinkerton, Essay on Medals (London, 1789), vol. i., p. xli.

An
pp.

interesting biographical sketch of Southgate, wi-itten

by Charles Combe,

is

reprinted in Nichols, op.

cit.,

359379.

xlv

APPENDIX*
An
account of

my

purchases in medals independent of presents &c.

1770.

First year.

Feb.

The Eevd. Mr Dawes,

Aleppo
July

for his Brother's collection

made

at

220

To Samuel Jessopj
July 21

16

12

To
Sep.

first

payment
by

for

Mr

Sadler's collection, often meationed

Haym

500
58

3 6

Nov

10
19

Mr Do Mr Mr

Snelling

77
Sadler,

2d payment

400
33

9
12 13
6 6

Snelling

Total of 1770 or 1st year

1305

* The original of the following document, in Dr. Hunter's own handwriting, is in the Hunterian at Glasgow. It did not come north with the collection, for a note written at the top states that it was " sent down by Mrs. Baillie in 1824." The other papers made use of in the Introduction appear to have reached Glasgow in the same way. A copy of the Account,' made by Taylor Combe in 1802, is in Arithmetical errors, more or less considerable, show that the the Medal Koom of the British Museum. There are also some record was kept as a matter of interest rather than as a matter of business. accidental omissions. Thus, two receipts given by Snelling in 1770 have no entries to correspond to them. One is dated Aug. 18, and is for 17 Us. 6d. the other acknowledges payment of 108 on Sept. 1, " for

Museum

'

a collection of English Gold Coins."

t Apparently a dealer.

Several transactions took place wit'i him, particularly in 1773.

xlvi

mTRODUCTION

1771.
April

Second year.

APPENDIX

xlvi

1772.
]\larch

30
2

Ml-

Snelliug

90

aiay

Do.*
JMv Saintliill's Collection

June 20
Aug.

Mr Mr
Dr
IS

Snelliug
Molini.f

....

Diadumenian

Bronifield for English Gold

Mr Thane
Insurance for Peralta Collection

Septr 26

13

Freight: &c. for

Do
Total of 1772
years 1770,
...

3d

year.

The

&

1771

Total at this time

or of 3 years

xlviii

INTRODUCTION

1773. or 4th year.

Mr
Feb.
6

Snelling owing since

Augt

302

May

26
12
19

June
July

16

Do. at Mr West's sale* Mr Jessop Mr Dutens for Peralta Collection Mr Jessop Mr Forster for 3 medals Mr Jessop for one of Palermo Mr Thane for sundries Mr Dutens, Ballance ... Mr Shiells for a Gold medalf Scotch Gold, by Mr Coombe ...
Do. by the Paper Mercht

Aug
Septr 18

Hamerani'sf Lead, by

Mr Coomb

21

Imperial Denarii by Do.

A
Octr
8

Medallion of

Commodus by Do.

Mr Thane
Total of 1773 or 4th year

The 3 preceeding years

Total at this time 4243
-

9.

APPENDIX

xlix

1774 or

5tli

year.

March 3

Mr Mr

Tliaiio

10

Coonibe

Jrr Millar, for Scotch

Apr.

17

Two Eoman

Grold

20

Mr Thane
Proofs
itc.

at

Mr

Gerard's* sale
Peices at

of Cledr^c III Guinea

the Tower

at

diiferent times

Apr.

29

May
June 20
25
July
7

Mr Thane An inedited Scotch by Mr Coombe An English Crown Tliree Gold, of Henr. VIII. Mr Bartletf Three Cardinals by Mr Combe Mr Pingo'st 2d Proof Guinea Mr Combe 2 English medals
Do. for Mary's sixpence

Two medals
14

Four medals by Mr Combe

INTKODUCTION

of 1774 brought over

72

July 20
4ug. 10

Mr Combe

for

William

Do. for several English

14
18

Mr Bartlet for Css of Dorset Mr Thane for sund[r]y English

Dr Irwin for a 5 Guineas Mr Combe for sundry English
Do. for Do., Kirks &o...
Do: for
. .

23
Septr 2

15
16

Do.

for

Do Do

23

Octr

An uupublis [h] 'd Charles 2d & Queen Mr Combe for sundries Mr Belchier's* recom. Ann Mr Combe for sundry English
.

16

My

Servant for English silver

22
23

Mrs Bayntun ... Mr Combe for various English A new Guinea ...

Mr

Pingo for several Eng^'^

...

APPENDIX

1774

Brought over

204
sundry Englis[}i]

Novr

Mr Combe
Do

for

28

Deer 28

Mr Thane
Mr

for

English

BIr Charleton for

Greek

& Roman

Whiteside for Cabinet

...

5th year, Total in 1774

The four preceding

Total at this time

lii

INTRODUCTION

1775

APPENDIX

liii

1776
Seventh year.
26

April

11th 21

May
Do.

To Langford,* by Mr Combe Sundry English by Do.

24

Two Popes by Mr Mathewt

8 June

Mr

Bruce's Gold
1

Dr King

Crown

Mr
19

Combe, one Englis[h]

Do.

Do. for sundries.

Mathew

July

Dr Orme, sundry English Mr Newnham. Sundry Eng Mr Combe for one

Do.
5
2

Septr

Octr

Mr
Dr

Lindegreen's

Mgyp. Gold

Novr

Eussels addenda

19

Mr
]\lr

Southgate sundries...

Combe Mogul's &c

Do. Two

Roman

Gold...

* Langford was a London auctioneer.

t Possibly Mr.

Mathews

of the British

Museum, who was a

friend of Combe's.

liv

INTRODUCTION

Deer

2.

Brought over

694

16

Mr Mr Mr

White, for English

Wills an Eng. half Crown
Bartlett.

Gold Aquitaine

20

Gold Aquitaine.
for

Southampton*

Mr Combe

sundries

Total for 1776

The

six

preceeding years

Total at this time, besides the

Duane

Collection

and 2 cabinets

APPENDIX

1777
George
Jan.
II.

Eighth

year.

by

Mr Combe

18

Feb.
15 19 23

A A A

shilling

&
6 pences
for

proof

shil.

Gold Pnnic

Mr Combe Mr White

Weights

&

large Brass

Do. for Do.

March
April

Christie's sale

12

20
ilay

For Athenian Silver At Gerard's sale

Mr Combe

for sundries
. .

Commission &c 14
24

June

19

Mr Gerard's sale Mr White various by Mr Bartlet Mr Young* for sixpences by Do. Sundry English by Mr Bartlet Do. by Mr Combe
5 guinea piece by Do.

20

349

6t-

Henry Young,

a dealer, "at the Star and Garter, near St. Paul's, Ludgate Street."
9s.

f This should be 279 the accidental omission of

preserved for the
first

Qd.,

some item

Possibly the discrepancy may have been caused by an error of 70. in copying the whole from a jotting. Such jottings have been

four years.

Ivi

INTRODUCTION

1777

APPENDIX

Ivii

9t]i

year.

Jan. 1778

Iviii

INTEODUCTION

1778

APPENDIX

ilx

Brought
Septr

over...

582

8 1778 9

crown of Ch. I
...

Octr

Dumfries Premium by Kirk Various English

Morison

23

Novr
25

Mr White &

various Do.

Miles

Toplady's Groat of Ed. III. &c.

Various English

Deer

3
7

Do.

16 21

Mr South [g]ate Mr White various

Mrs Kirk*
for

Medals

9th year, or 1778, in

Formerly...

all

Total at this time, or in

nine years exclusive
of

->

Duane

Coll.

&

2 Cabinets

'

* The widow of John Kirk, the medallist, whose death probably took place in the course and not in 1776, as is usually stated. See Warwick Wrdtli in Diet, of Satimal Bioyrophj.
t This total
is

of this year,

too small by 10 shillings.

Ix

INTRODUCTION

Tenth Year.
Medals continued
1779
Jany. 27
.

9062

Mr White

various

Feb.

Ballance at Gerard's sale

20 22

23 26

Mr "White various Mr Gerard's sale Mr White various

Christie's
sale
...

Eng.

28
April
2

Mr White,

a half

Crown arms supported

Brereton

A
Mr

Greek Parcel,
White,

Mr

27

Saxon from Hamb.

May

Various at sales

Mr White
Lady Abdy,
Various from
for

June 11
July 10 30

two

Mr White

At the Tower, Proofs

Various Greek.

Augt. 7
30

Mr White
) i

A A

Gold British, Mr White

Groat of Ed. VI. to Do.

. ,

APPENDIX

Ixi

Paid

for

medals exclusive of Duane's

9892

Oi

1779
Septr 20

Mr Samuel

a few
. .

22

Do. for his whole Collection

25
Octr.
1

A A

Gold Eomaii
5
Gr.

... ...

piece of Charles II.

No
Deer.

2 3

Mr White &c. At Gerard's & Christie's.

Various

English

23

Antiochus

I.

Alexr.

I.

Total paid for medals in the

first

-\

ten

years, besides the

Du-

>
'

ane Collection and 2 Cabinets

Duane

Collection

Ixii

INTRODUCTION

The eleventh year

1780
Jan. 11th

Some Greek, and

Wm
.

Conqueror

Feb.

5
1'2

A A

Cabinet from
.

Mr

Anstruther

Some English
English from

March 10
13

Scotch David

Mr White
sale*
.
.

Gerard's sale &c

26

Dr Mackenzie's
Gerard's sale

30

Mr Thane at Gerard's sale Two ^ crowns, one changed

Tygranes, three asses &c.

May
Octr

80

June 17
1

Saxon Queen, through

Mr Dolbynj

Thane Greek Kings ... Young, Two Greek Towns

White, 3 Greek 1 English
Sir
Christ.

Wren

APPENDIX

Ixiii

1780

Brought over
Octr 23

250
Bosanquet's Collection
Martin, Greek Gold

28

Mr Mr

Novr 20
Deer. 10

Charles

I.

medal
imperial
...

Some Greek

17

Mr Mr

White, English Townpiece

Samuel, English

Total in 1780

In the

first

Ten

years, besides

2 Cabinets and the Duane Collect.

The Duane

Collection

Ixiv

INTRODUCTION

Jan.

APPENDIX

Ixv

1782

The 13th

year.

Feb.

Ixvi

IN"TRODUCTION"

1783
Jan.

Mr

Jackson* British

...

...

...

...

...

...

314
10 10

Feb.

Gold Medallion of Alexi- &c.t

well-known collector

of British coins.

See Pinkerton, Essciy on MciJiih

(ed. 1789), vol.

'

i.,

p.
'

11.

Medallion of Alexr,'' whose purchase is here recorded, was a gilded Paduan medal Hunter Cabinet, similar to that figured in Num. Chron., 3rd Series, vol. xvii., p. 316, where it is attributed by Dr. F. P. Weber to Alessandro Cesa.ti (" II Grechetto ").
t I suspect that the "

now

in the

CATALOGUE

SIGNS

AND ABBREVIATIONS
:

In printing the inscriptions the following conventions have been observed

(1)

Square brackets indicate that the place of the

E.g.

letters

they enclose

is off

the coin.

AGHNAICnN]
E.g.

(2)

Short strokes on the level of the line indicate an uncertain number of illegible
letters.

HE
definite

(3)

Dots on the level of the line indicate a

letter

number
. .

of illegible letters, each

.
.

being represented by one dot.

E.g.

TAPAN

N
is

(4)

dot

placed beneath a letter indicates that, while

the

letter

certain,

it

is

impossible to decide between two or more forms of

it.

E.g.

AAEiANAPOZ

In references for illustrations

British

'B.M.C means

in each case the appropriate

volume of the

Museum

Series of Coin Catalogues.

ITALY
No.

ITALY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Ebvbbsb

Umbria

ARIMINUM
About 268
B.C. the

Itomana planted a 'colonia' at Ariminum in what had been the country The coinage probably began then. of the Senonian Gauls.
After circa 268

B.C.

Qruadr ans
Bust
of

Gaul

r.,

wearing

torquis.

Ornamental trident

in field

r.,

1473

1-95

Sextantes
;

Similar type.

Dolphin

r.

beneath,

1134
1037

M M

1-8

1-75

IGUVniM
Before circa 260
B.C.

The heavy weight of the

coins of Iguritim shows that they were cast before the influence of the Triental Seduction at Borne (circa 268 B.C.) had made itself felt in Umbria.

S
Branch, within
circle.

extans
within
circle.

397

1-2S

[Plate

i.

1.]

140f;

19

ABS GRAVE
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obvebsb

Reverse

Class

11.

(Reduced Weiglit.

After circa 260

B.C.

Semisse s
Traces of inscr.

Dog

sleeping

1.

plain

Lyre

in field

r.,

all

on raised

field

'.

679

border.

1-4

3Q3+VK
479

Similar type

beneath,

);

Similar type

in field

1.,

same border.
1-3

Tr i entes
Right hand
431 382
r.,

in cestus

around,

3Q3-^\/y^
(

Two

clubs

r.

around,

M M

1-3
1-2

y- illegible)

Q,u

adr ant es
'

Toad
261

around, traces of marks of value plain border.

;

Vh

Anchor with ring

at either

end

in

field r.,

261

212

M M M

105
1-1

(only

two marks

of value visible)

1-1

Sextans
Cicada, between and
;

plain border.

Inscr.

Ornamental trident, not visible. between and

186

-9

XT

n
j

a
Spear-point
;

Two-handled vase; above,

10 97

plaiji border,
;

VK

in field

1.^

-7

TUDER
Tho find-spot of coins of

this class is Todi,

tlie

ancient Tudev.

Ox
11

r.,

with head facing.

Fish-spine ornament.

20267

JE X

.5-35
2-8.

ITALY
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

UNCERTAIN OF UMBRIA (OR ETRURIA)

Reduced Weight
Almond-shaped

Seztante s
Club.

431

JE 1-45

408

M
yE

1-3.:

313

1-2

or branch ?

[Plate

i.

2.]

ABS GRAVE
Metal
SiZF.

No.

Wkight

Obverse

Reverse

PiCENUM

HATRIA
27*6

Bomans occupied Hatria

as a'colonia' in 289

B.C.

Its

coins are all

on

the

heavy system.

After circa 289

B.C.

As

H AT
5537

Head

of

Seilenos, facing,

witli

Dog

sleeping

r.

long ears hanging

down

wears wreath

of ivy.

3-1

Quadr ans

H AT
2

Dolptin upside down

1.

Pish (ray

?) r.

beneath,

1213

1-9

muncia

H
258

AS

11

On

the attribution

of this coin to

Hatria instead of Ascnlum, see Berlin Catal,

m.

i.,

pp. 15, 16.

ITALY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Uncertain op Central
The following
series are all on the the Triental

Italit

heavy system, which cannot have very long survived Beduction at Borne (circa 268 B.C.).
Circa

350250

B.C.

FIRST SERIES
(TIBUR
OE

PRAENESTE)

Semis s es
Head
2075 1990
of Pallas thian helmet
r.,
;

wearing crested Corinf\^

Same

as obverse,

1.

beneath,

M M

2
2-1

Sextante s
Oockle-shell
;

above,

Inside of

shell

rudely represented

no

marks
751

of value.

570
563

M M M

1-4

shell hollow.

1-35
1-4

shell

flat.

shell hollow.

Tin
373
319
308

ae
type as obverse
;

M M M

Astragalos
1

above,

Same

no mark

of value.

1-

1-05

SECOND SERIES
(TIBUR
OR

PRABNESTEj

Q.U

adr ans
Same
as obverse,
1.

Open hand
neath,
10]
l!

r.

above,

club

r.

be-

AH

1'6

AES GRAVE
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Revbese

'Uu ci ae
Astragaloa
2
;

above, club

r.

Same

as obverse,

I.

364
340
269

^E l-Oo

JE

-95
1-

THIRD SERIES
(ARDEA
?)

As
Head
4876
of

beardless

diadem, on raised

field

Janus, bound with above, I ;

Head

of

Hermes
on raised

1.,

wearing
;

winged
|

petasos,

field

above,

2-8

Semisses
Head
2 3

2672

M
M M

of Pallas I., wearing crested Corinthian helmet; beneath, ^s

Female head

1.

beneath,

2-5
2-2 2-2

2576
2509

4
5

2259

2-4

Trientes
Thunderbolt
;

on

either side, ,

and *

Dolphin

r.

beneath,

1658 1347

M
JE

1-95
1-9

Quadr ante s
Open hand
1233
9
1. ;

beneath,

Two

barleycorns, in opposite

directions

M M

betvceen them, 1-7

1168 1077
VOL.
I.

^E 1-65
1-6

10

10

ITALY
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Sezt antes
Cookle-sliell
:

above,

Caduceus, between and

11

1020

M
JE

1-55
1-5

12

960
913

13

1-5

Tin
Astragalos
;

iae

above,

14
15

457

440

M M

1-

1-15

FOURTH SERIES
(UNCERTAIN TOWN OP LATIUM OR APULIA) Semi sse s
Head
205o
1878
of Pallas
;

1.,

wearing crested Corin-

Female bead
beneath,

1.

behind, reaping-book

r.

tliian lielmet

beneatli,

w^

M
JE

2-2
2-2

Triente s
Thunderbolt, between and
3

Dolphin

r.

1374
1261

M ^ ^ M

tally placed,

above, reaping-hook horizonbeneath, 1.

;

1-9

1-85

Sezt antes
Cockle-shell
;

above,

Caduceus, between reaping-hook r.

and

on

r.,

788

1-5

623

1-4

FIFTH SERIES

(PORMIAE, FUNDI,
Young male head
diadem, on raised

oe

FREGELLAE)

Asses
r.,

wearing narrow
;

Same

as obverse, but type

1.

field

above,

5369 4910

JE

2-8

iE 27

;;

AES GRAVE
Metal
Size

11

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Semis
Pegasos
r.
;

beneath,

all

on raised

Same

as obverse,

but type

1.

2ilS

field.

21 T ri antes
Head and neck of
horse
r.
;

beneath, i

Same

as obverse, but type

1.

4
5

1840
1739
1405

jE

2-1 1-9
1-8

M
.E

duadr antes
Boar running
1338 1337
9
r.
;

beneath,

Same

as obverse, but type

1.

1297 1126

10

M M M M

1-6 1-6 1-6 1-7

ext antes
Same
as obverse, but type
1.

Young male head

behind,

r.,

wearing

piles

11

1033

12

917

^ M ^ M ^

1-5

1-55

13 14

834
530

JE 14
1-3

Unc i ae
Barleycorn 15 16
;

in field

r.,

Same

as obverse, but

mark

of value

1.

264
258

-95
1-

SIXTH SERIES
(ALBA PUCENTIS?)

Dupondius
Young head
behind,

r.,

vrearing Phrygian helmet all on raised field. J

Archaic wheel of six spokes, between two all on raised field. of which,
I I
;

8699

3'4

c 2

12

ITALY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Eevbese

Tr ie ns
Horse galloping,
raised field.
1.
;

around,

Similar, with four dots as marks of value, each between two spokes.

1356

1-7

Quadr an s
Hound
1.,

with raised head and forepaw;

j

Similar, with three dots as

marks

of value,

beneath,

all

on

raised field.

each between two spokes.

910

1-6

Sextant es
Tortoise ; on raised
field.

Similar, with

two dots as marks of

value,

4
5

686

673 566

^ M ^

each between two spokes.

1-4

1-25
1-3

marks

of value in opposite spaces,

only one

mark

of value visible.

AES GRAVE
Metal
Size

13

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Campania

VELECHA
TJiird

Century

B.C.

Tr ie n s
Head
ofi'Helios, facing;

on either side *

Head

of

ram

1,

beneath,

above,

and
826

traoes of

LE

JE 1-35
[Plate
i.

3.]

14

ITALY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Eeveese

Apulia

LUCEEIA
In the course of the Second Scnimite

War
it

On

its

final capture by the

Bomans

ivas

Lvceria changed hands more than once. made a 'colonia (314 B.C.).
'

Heavy System

{Girca 314

250

B.C.)

Asses
Head
3361
of Apollo
1.,

laureated

in front,

__

Cook,

I.

3182

M M

2-6

2-75

TJnc iae
Toad.
3
4,

Ear

of barley

in field

1.,

577 558

M M

1-1

1-2

Triental System

(After circa 250 B.C.)

As
Head
of young Herakles beneath neck, club 1.
r.,

in lion's skin;

Horse trotting
rays
;

r.

above, star

of

eight

beneath,

1411

1-9

Quin cunx
jffave

and four spokes of archaic wheel on raised field.

Same

type

as
;

obverse

spokes,

,,

between upper between lower, U all

; ;

on raised
555

field.

1-3

Tri e ntes
Thunderbolt, on raised
field.

Club r. above, on raised field.

;

beneath,

I,

all

538
271

M M

1-2 -95
(mucli worn)

* See also p. 56.

AES GRAVE
Metal
Size

15

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Uncertain

(PRINCIPALLY or CENTRAL ITALY)

Heavy System

{Circa

350268

B.C.)

As
Head
4655
of

young Herakles

r.,

wearing

lion's

Head

of griffin

r.

skin.

3-05

Tr ions
Wheel
of eight spokes, each ending in double hook.

within which, Crescent rays in field,

;

star

of

eight

1577

1-8

Quadr ans
Head
1143
of

ram

1.

around, <

Head

of dolphin

1.

around,

1-6

S ext
Anchor, between and
703

ante s
Ornamental
trident,

between and

M M

1-5

Tortoise, between

and

Head and neck

beard
;

of snake
side,

r.,

with crest and

on either

661

1-5

Uncertain Denominations
Bird
Plain.
1.

436

M
JE

1-

[Plate

i.

4.]

Head
107
-85

of caduceus.

* This coin is

Apulia
III,,
i.

Picen.m, or to the town of the same name in sometimes attributed to Asoulum in Berhn Catal, specimens points rather to Campania. See The find-spot of the two Berlin

p. 29.

16

ETRURIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obvbbse

Eeteese

STEUCK COINS
The struck coinage of Italy is not necessarily later than the Aes Grave ; but casting was and cheaper method of coining when large lumps of metal had to be dealt with. The silver and gold of most of the Italian towns probably ceased to be issued soon after circa 268 B.C., when Some, having established her supremacy over the In many cases the issue peninsula, reorganized her coinage, and began to strike silver. of bronze continued, sometimes lasting until 89 B.C., when the provincial mints of Italy, with the exception of Paestum, were finally closed by a Lex Plautia Papiria,
the easier

Btrdria

POPULONIA*
Silver
Circa

350269

B.C.

Euboic- Syracusan Standard (Reduced by Half

Pieces of T-wenty TTnits
Gorgon's head, diademed border of dots.
132-9
;

-j-

beneath,

XX

Two

caducei, plain field.

in

opposite directions

in

-9

mark

of value

on

r.,

off coin.

[Plate
Similar type
side of
dots.

i.

5.]

beneath,

XX

on either
border of

Plain.

which, small ring

123-5

-85

[B.M.O., p. 3 (9).J

Head

of beardless Herakles, facing, wearing lion's skin ; at sides of throat, X and X border of dots.
;

Club, in plain

field.

130-2

-9

mark

of value

on

1.,

off coin.

[Plate

i.

6.]

*
later

It is not certain that all

style than the others.

the following uninscribed coins belong to Populonia. See Berlin Catal., Ill,, i. pp. 3639.

Nos. 4 and 5 are

t The largest coins of this series are about the weight of Euboio-Attic didraohms. marks show that the monetary unit= V^i- = 6-6 grains, i.e. about one

The valne-

half of the Sicilian silver litra.

POPULONIAVETULONIA
Metal
Size

17

No.

Weisht

Obverse

Reverse

Pieces of Five Units

Head
of
;

Hermes
beliiud,

r.,

petasos
.-R
-6

-wearing vpinged plain border.

Plain.

uncertain marks in

field,

26-9
i

.R

-55

no marks.

Bronze
Third
Cciilui-if

B.C.

Earlier

System

Sextans
Head
of Pallas thian helmet
dots.
r.,
;

wearing crested Corinabove,

M V-J

...
;

border of

marks)

0-wl r., on t-5vo balls (valueabove, crescent between two

stars of six rays.

129-5

-9

Reduced Weight
Tr ie n
Head
of (beardless ?) Hephaistos
r..

-wear-

fl

ing pilos bound -with wreath and having a loop at the top in front of forehead, behind, X border of dots.
;
: ;

M VnI V 'I Hammer and tongs between which marks of value border of
"1
; ;

dots.

208-5

1-05
(Restruok on sextans
of

three value-marks visible.

the Earlier System.)

VETULONIA
Bronze
Third Century
B.C.

Seztans
I

fl

q Head of Herakles
;

r,,

in lion's skin

Trident

beneath head,

border of dots.

on either side of which, dolphin downwards and plain border.

; ;

177

dolphin and value-mark on

-95

r.,

off coin.

[Plate

i.

7.]

18

ETRURIA

No.

UMBRIA
Metal
Size

19

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reveese

Umbria

ARIMINUM *
Beonzb
Circa 268
B.C.

Bust

of Hephaistos 1., bearded and having he wears piles bound with long hair wreath, and drapery about neck border
; ;

of dots.

Gaulish warrior, wearing torquis, advancing 1., with drawn sword, under shelter of large oval shield, the boss of which sheath of sword ends in long ridge border of dots. visible behind
;

73-

M
JE

in
-8

ex., traces

of inscr.?

ex., ofi coin.

72-5

-7

[Cf. B.M.C., p.

25

(7).J

TUDER t
Beonze
Circa 260
B.C.

Head of

Seilenos

r.,

wearing wreath

of ivy

3a3

+V K

Eagle

1.,

wings open

border

border of dots.

of dots.

48-

-7

* See also

p. 4.

f See also

p. 4.

-1

20

PICENUM
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Keveese

PlCENUM*

ANCONA
Ancona, wMcli had heen founded hy Syraciisan exiles circa 390 B.C., was conquered by the Bomans circa 290 B.C. The lieverse type is a canting badge referring to the name of the town.
'

'

Bronze

Circa

290268

B.C.

Head

of Aphrodite r., laur., with earring hair in knot ; drapery about neck behind, AA ; border of dots.

AFKIIN
branch
1.
;

Bent

r.

arm, holding palm-

above,

two

stars.

106-

-8

[B.M.C,

p.

40

(1).]

* See also p. 7.

LATIUM
Metal
Size

21

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Latium*

ALBA FUCENTIS
The Bomans planted a
'

colonia

'

at

Alba Fucentis

in

303

B.C.

Circa

303268
SiLVEK

B.C.

Nummus
Head
16-9
of

Hermes

r.,

wearing petasos.

AUBA

Winged

griflBn

running

r.

-6

AQUESTUM
Bronze
Certain cities in Central Italy apparently had the privilege of strilcing bronze conceded them by Borne in 268 B.C. See under Gales, Suessa, Teanum and Uncertain of Italy.

Circa

268217

B.C.

Head

of Pallas

r.,
;

tliian

helmet

wearing crested Corinhair hanging down

[A]QVINO
eight rays
;

Cock

r.

behind, star of

border of dots.

border of dots.
84-

-8

* See also pp. 8

F.

22

SAMNIUM
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obveesb

Eevebse

Samnium

AESERNIA
Aesernia was made a
'

colonia

'

by the

Bomans

circa

263

B.C.

Beonze
After circa 263

B.C.

VOUC/XNOM
;

Head of beardless Hepliaistos 1., wearing laur. pilos witli loop at top behind, forceps border of dots.
;

AI^ERNIN[0]
ing in biga
r.
;

(in ex.) Zeus thunderhorses in high action.

123-

-85

VOU< /XN^M
visible
;

Similar type no loop behind, forceps border of dots.

; ;

^ E] R N [N O]
I

(in ex.)
r.

Similar type

but above, Nike flying

to

crown

horses,

116-

which advance more slowly.

-8

Head of Pallas 1., wear[Al ^ ER] N ing necklace and crested Corinthian helmet adorned with serpent behind, club upwards no border visible.
I
; ;

Eagle
its

r.,

wings open, holding serpent in

;

claws

border of dots.

128-

'8

ABSEENIA SOCIAL WAR

Metal
Size

23

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

COINAGE OF THE SOCIAL

The Italian

WAR

Allies, during their final struggle for independence, struck silver coins of the The head on the Obverse, in some cases at least, weight of the Eoman denarius. The name that occurs on Nos. 4 6 is that of G. Papius Mutilus, represents Italia. The legend on the irho u-as one of the 'consuls' elected by the Allies during the u-ar. Beverse of No. 3 is in all lihelihood also the name of a magistrate; but the precise reading is uncertain.

Circa

9188
Silver

B.C.

Denar ii
With Oscan Inscriptions

Vlvl3TI-D (downwards)
1,,

laiar.,

Female head wearing earring and necklace;

Man

border of dots.

standing facing, head r., wearing his r. hand rests helmet and cloak on the top of an inverted spear, his 1. grasps sword in sheath his 1. foot rests on small object lying on ground at his feet 1. are visible head and chest of ox reclining border of dots.
;

58-9

-75

in ex.,

[Plate

i.

9.J

59-5

JR 75

no necklace

visible.

in ex.,

Similar type
of dots.

in front of neck,

border

]>I3V>J-IM

R?

Similar border of dots.

type;

56-3

-7

traces of inscr.

Tonnghead aVTROaWaJhTVW helmet with

1.,

inRRFl >

(in ex.)

Youth kneeling

crest

wearing and feather

ornamented
;

border of dots.

with head turned up towards r., holding in his arms young pig (head 1.); on either side a soldier, bareheaded, taking oath, leaning on inverted spear with 1., and touching pig with sword held in r. border of dots.
I,
;

58-8

-8

V N 3T h3
dots.

Bust of youth r whiskered wears helmet with crest and feather, border of and cloak behind neck,
,
;
.

>

|-inRRn->

(in ex.)
;

Youth kneeling

with

pig, as above

on either side two

bareheaded, taking oath, touching pig with swords held in r., and gi-asping sheaths with 1. border of dots.
soldiers,
;

59-9
56-

M
AX

-8

75

24

SAMNIUM
Metal
Size

No.

Weisht

Obveksb

Reverse

Female head
necklace
?)

1.,
;

laur.,

wearing earring (and

border of dots.

Youth, as above behind him, a standard on either side four soldiers in same attitude as above in ex. R 1 ? border
;

65-5

of dots.
-7

With Latin Inscriptions

Female head
necklace
of dots.
;

r.,

laur.,

in front of neck,

wearing earring and X border

;

ITALIA
with
; ;

(in ex.)

Italia
;

1.,

of pile of three shields

seated on top leans on spear

and grasps with 1. sword in r., behind stands Nike, crovsming sheath her in field 1., Jy^ border of dots.
;

60-5

JR

-75

ITALIA
57-5

Similar type; border of dots.

in front,

Similar type

in ex., uncertain letter.

/R

-75

Female bust
necklace
;

r.,

laur.,

wearing earring and

;

XVI
10
54-

drapery about neck border of dots.

in front,

Similar type ; but Italia sits on edge of three shields, while Nike is larger border of dots.
ex.,

traces of inscr.

oS

coin.

[Plate

i.

10.]

ITALIA
11
58-5

Female head
;

1.,

laur.,

wearing

Type similar

to no. 7

border of dots.

earring and necklace

border of dots.
in
ex.,

M
M

-75

[Plate

i.

ll.J

12

66-5

-8
I

in

ex.,

PRENTANI
Metal
Size

25

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

FUENTANI

LARINUM
Bronze
After circa 217
B.C.

There are coins of earlier date with Greek inscriptions.

inscriptions, are striich on the Uncial Siinteni,
llednctioii at Borne.

The folloioing, loith Oscan and are therefore subsequent to the Uncial

Qu in cunx
Head
of

young Ares
;

thian helmet

r., in crested Corinborder of dots.

U A D NO D
I

212-5

Warrior on horse, galloping spear couched, cloak flying behind him ; carries round shield veith device in ex. plain border.
1.
; , ;

-95

[Plate

i.

12.]

Tr iens
Head
of

Dodonaean Zeus, wreathed with

r.
;

U AD NOD
I

oak-leaves,

border of dots.

Eagle r., on thunderbolt, with wings open and head thrown back plain border. underneath,
;

127-5

-9

IB.M.C,

p.

71 (7).

Sextans
Head
(of Dione ?) r., veiled and wreathed; wears earring border of dots.
;

WA D NOD
I

Dolphin

r.

beneath,

plain border.

70-5

-7

TTnoia
Head
(bearded ?) youth, border of dots. beneath,
of
laur.,
r.

UADI

<

NOD

Comucopiae, ending in head of horned animal; in field r.,

;

plain border.

GO-

yE

-6

2(5

CAMPAJSriA

No.

ALLI13A CALES
Metal
Size

No.

Weisht

In-A

.1]

1-05

112-2

-85

109

107-5

4
5
r,

106-G 112-2

28

CAMPANIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weisht

Obveese

Reverse

Beonze

CAUENO
114-5
92-5
9
98-

Head

of

Apollo L, laur.

Man-headed
above, lyre

bull
;

r.,

showing

full

face

border of dots.

border of dots.

M M M

-8

behind, cock

r.

beneath,
(inscr., off coin)

-85
-8

,,

behind, aplustre.

beneath,

10

108-5

-85

behind, helmet with cheek-pieces.

beneath,

X
(in ex.)
full

CAUENO
11
99-

Head

of Apollo

1.,

laur.

CAUENO
showing
border.

Man-headed
;

bull
;

r.,

border of dots.

face

above, lyre

plain

JE

-85
-85
-8

behind, sword do-vmwards.

behind, club downwards,

beneath,

A
(ex.,

12 13

99-5
116-

M
JE

beneath, no letter visible.

beneath, uncertain letter or symbol
off coin).

behind, spear-head upwards.

14

86-5

-8

behind, thunderbolt.

beneath, star of eight rays.

Head

of Apollo 1. laur. ; at back part of head, beneath wreath, portion of a dotted diadem is visible ; border of dots.
,

CAUENO

(in ex.)
;

Man-headed

bull

r.,

showing full face to crown bull.

above, Nike flying

r.,

15 16 17

99-5
101-

JE

-85
-8

behind, oval shield,

80-5

^ M

no symbol

visible.

-75

CAUENO
behind, star

Head
;

of Apollo border of dots.

1.,

laur.

CAUENO
showing
beneath,
beneath,

(in ex.)
;

Man-headed

bull

r.,

full face
;

above, large star of

sixteen rays

border of dots.

18
19

102-

112-5
86-5

20

M M ^

-85
-8

O
?)

-85

no

inscr. or

symbol

visible.

beneath, star (eight rays

After

i:lr,:n

268

B.C.

Bronze
See under Aquinum.

Head
21
114-5

of Pallas
:

1.,

in crested Corinthian

helmet

border of dots.

C /X U E N O
rays
;

Cock r. ; behind, star of eight border of dots.

iE

-85

[Plate

i.

16.

CALESCAPUA
Metal
Size

29

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

CAPUAf
Beonze
Circa

250211

B.C.

Tlie

Capua revolted after Cannae, bronze with value-marlcs is on the Triental Sijstem. and was reduced to complete subjection in 211 B.C.

Sextantes
Head
of

Zeus

r.,

laur.; behind,

border

3nR>l
dots.

of dots.

Eagle standing r., on (in ex.) thunderbolt, with wings open, looking back; in field, r. and 1., *; border of

207

.E -95

Similar.

D n R >l
r.
;

(in ex.)
:

above, * *

Selene in galloping biga border of dots.

226

1-

IB.M.C,

p.

82

(9).]

XJnc iae
Bust of Artemis r., with diadem sui-rounded by small rays hair gathered in knot at top ; drapery about neck behind, bow and quiver ; border of dots.
;

DriRM

(in
;

ex.)

Boar

running

r.

above,

border of dots.

130
122

4
5

102

M M M

-85
-8

-85

rays visible mainly in front.

[JJ.Jf.O., p.

81

(i).]

Head
126 113

of

Zens

r.,

laur.

behind, #

border

3 n R >l

(in ex.) Nilfe

r.,

r.,

crowning trophy;

of dots.

in field

border of dots.

M M

-85 -85

Female head r., wearing earring, necklace, and turreted headdress adorned with
thunderbolt behind, symbol resembling pedum ; beneath, O ; border of dots.
;

DnR>l
headed,
flying
;

(in ex.)
r.,

in field

Armed horseman, barewith spear couched and cloak horse prancing ; beneath, shell border of dots. 1., *
;

109

yE -85

[Plate

ii.

l.J

50-52. f See also pp.

; ;

30

CAMPANIA
Metal
Size

No.

Wei&ht

Obverse

Eevekse

Uncertain Denominations
Bust of Hera r., -wearing stephane, necklace, and earring ; drapery about neck
at shoulder, sceptre
;

D n n >1 Two
in field
dots.
1.,

archaic idols ; above, fillet tripod-like object ; border of

border of dots.

8378-

JE

-7

10

Ai

-7

[B.M.O.,

p.

83

(15).J

Head of Hera r., wearing veil and stephane;

at shoulder, sceptre; border of dots.

DnRM
in field
dots.

Ear
r.,

of barley

with two leaves

;

tripod-like object

border of

11 12

48-6
42-

JE -65

JE

-6

[Plate

ii.

2.]

Head
13
58-5

of Apollo

r.,

laur., hair long;

border

DnR>I

Lyre, on side of which,

fillet;

of dots.

border of dots.

JE

-65

CUMAE
Cumac
{circa

490

perliaxjs struck coins first (circa 500 490 B.C.) 480 B.C.) on the Euboic-Attic Standard.

on the Aeginetic, and subsequently Then came the following series.

The

city

was captured by

the Sainnitcs circa

421

B.C.

Silver

Campanian (Phocaean) Standard*

Circa

480421

B.C.

Didr achms
Female head (Kyme
style
;

118'4

?) r., diademed ; early hair caught up behind and passed through diadem so as to fall over it in a small bujich.

KV^MAIOW

Mussel-shell r., hinge pointing downwards ; beneath, nautilus 1.; border of dots.

-7

[Plate

ii.

3.]

Similar.

Mussel-shell 1., hinge pointing upwards ; above, long fish 1. ; double ring border.
traces of inscr.

118-5

/R

7:>

Soc under Velia.

CAPUA HYRIA
No.

HI

Weioht

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Female head
hail- rolled

r.,

behind

diademed later in style; wears necklace ?

;

K V AA A

O A/ Mussel-shell r
;

.,

ing upwards
of dots.

above, long fish

hinge pointr. ; border

109-4

-8

[Pla
Similar head

II.

4.

r.,

without necklace

hair

N
'

waved.

(beginning r. and Mussel-shell r.. hinge pointing downwards ; beneath, barleycorn border of dots.

OIAM
;

V>l

running down)

114-4

.R -85

Similar.

NOIAMYM
;

(beginning

r.

and running
realistically
;

up) Same type, more executed same symbol

107-3

border

of

dots.
-8

[Plate

ii.

5.]

Similar.

KVA\A|OA/

Mussel-shell r., hinge pointing upwards ; above, barleycorn; border of dots.

.R

pi. -8

Similar.

KV

114-9

Mussel-shell 1., hinge fA A\0/V pointing downwai'ds ; beneath, barleycorn ; border of dots.

-9

HYRIA
The coins of
this

unhioivn town should be compared

leith those

of Neapolis and Nola.

SiLVBK

Campanian (Phocaean) Standard

Circa

420340

B.C.

Didr achms
Head of
Pallas
r.,

-wearing Athenian helmet,

H ] V P ET E f
I

Man-headed

bull butting
,

on which
112-7

traces of olive-leaves.

between its legs A and ^ plant showing three blades.

r.
;

and a

-86

5 only
[Plate
ii.

partially visible.

6.]

32

CAMPANIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eetebse

Head

of Pallas r., -wearing Athenian helmet, on which o-wl and olive-wreath the whole within a rim in high relief.
;

fl

M E <d Y

Man-headed bull advancing

r.

line of exergue, double.

109-1

-8

[Plate

ii.

7.]

Similar type 3

no rim.

Similar type.
fl

111-5

JR JR

-85
-9

m aY

line of ex.

double.

4
5 6

110-4
110-9 110-7

YD !NA
V P> INp)

line of ex., single. line of ex., single.

M M

-85
-8

.MKY
double.

beneath bull

/^

Une

of ex.,

[Plate
Simila

ir.

8.]

Similar type

1.;

line of ex., double.

109-4 107-8

^l

-86 -85

Vt>INAI

^
JR

[V^]INAI
Similar type
1.
1

flM

<d

Similar type

r.

line of ex.,

double.

112-5

-8

Similar.

Similar type

line of ex., single.

10
11

113-1

.R

-8

behind head,

\NI<IY

114-7

M ^

-8

YPIANO?
[Plate u.
9.]

12 13
116-

pi. -8

no
no

letter.

d VSI a Y
fl

line of ex.

double.

JR

-75

letter.

QY

line of ex,, single.

Similar.

Similar type

1.;

line of ex., double.

14
15

109-5
103-5

^ ^

-85
-75

VC>IN'AI

VDINPlI

Female head r., wearing diadem, earring, and necklace, as on coins of Neapolis.
16
JR. pi. -8

^VIIQY
ex., off coin.

Man-headed

bull

[Plate

ii.

10,]

HYEIA NEAPOLIS
Metal
Size

33

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Head
r.,

of Hera, three-quarter face towards

Man-headed

bull advancing

r.

wearing necklace, and Stephanos ornamented with honeysuckle between two griffins, both facing r. hair flowing
;

freely

in field

r.,

border of dots.

17

1124

.R

-S.-i

Aim <J [Y]

[Plate
ii.

line of ex., double.

11.]
line of ex., single.

18*

ir2-2

.R

-85
I

AMIQY

NEAPOLIS
Tlieir chronological Tlie coins of Nrapolis hear hardly anij trace of its politicid fortunes. With the earlier types compare the coins of arrangement rests on gvouuds of style. Hyria and Nola. See also under Thubium.

Silver

Campanian (Phocaean) Standard

Circa

420400

B.C.

D idr ach.m
Head of
Pallas r., wearing crested Athenian helmet bound with wreath of olive.

/VEOrOAITI
r.,

with

1.

Man-headed bull ? foreleg raised ; line of ex.,

double.

112-8

^9
[Plate
ii.

12.]

Obol
Similar head; decoration of helmet doubtful.
9-9

[N]Eoro
bull

Forepart of
1.

man-headed

swimming

M-4,
Circa

400340

B.C.

Didrachms
Female head r., wearing broad diadem, earring, and necklace.
Man-headed bull r., showing full face; above, Nike flying r., crowning bull;
inscr. in ex.

112-6
112-

.R

eannng and necklace

-8

doubtful.

jHTIAonoSN
E

earring of three drops

behind head,

NEoroAITHS
ii.

[Plate

13.]

guided by InaKoof-Elumer [Zu * In arranging the coina of Hyria I have been mainly Munnlcunde Grossgriechenlands, &e,, pp. 206 ff). ^,

34

CAMPANIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obvekse

Reverse

101-7

-8

earring of single drop

behind head,

NEoroAITHS

beneath bull,

(plated ?)

110-

JR-8

no earring or necklace

visible.

[JH]TIA0n03M
Same type
double.
1.
;

in very rude letters.

Similar head

1.

inscr. in ex.

line of ex.,

113'9

M
M

-8

no earring or necklace. [Plate

A/HOrOAITAS
ii.

14.]

112-7

-75

earring of three drops, and necklace.

[N EOflJOAITHS
Same

112-2
107-2

10

M M

Similar head r. earring of three drops all within ring border.

;

type

r.

inscr. in ex.

-9

NEoroAIT[HS]
A/ EOPOAIT [$]
.

-85

beneath

bull,

Similar.

Same

type

1.

inscr. in ex.

line of ex.,

double.

11

111-8 105-9 110-6

113-1

12

13 14

^8 M M
-8
-8

NEoroAITHS

JR

-85

NEOrOAITAS
Similar head r., of later style ordinary diadem, over the edge of -which locks of hair here and there escape earring of three drops ; behind head, bunch of grapes; beneath, AIO<|)ANOYS
;

NEorOAITHS
bull
r.,

(in ex.)

showing

full face

Man-headed above, Nike

flying

r.,

cro-wning bull.

15
16 17

113-5 111-3

M M M

-8

^-7
pi. -85

inscr., oif coin.

only

first

four letters of inscr. visible.

beneath

bull,

p^

18

106-5

-75

inscr.,

barely legible.

beneath bull,

19

115-7

M M

Similar head ; behind, bunch of gi-apes beneath, ear of barley? r.

-75

Similar but beneath bull, ivy-leaf upwards.

;

Similar head

behind, kantharos

beneath,

Al
-75

Similar, but no symbol

line of ex., dotted.

2(1

110-9

[Platr

II.

15.]

NEAPOLIS
Metal
Size

35

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

21

103-1
112-2

M
.K

-8

symbol imperfect no
letters visible.

letters, off coin,

22

-75

beneatb

bull,

B
line of ex., double.

Similar bead

but one or tvfo locks escape bebind ear and cover central part of
;

Similar type

diadem
23
107-2

row

of dots visible at back,

;

beneath diadem
-75

bebind, ampbora.
inscr., doubtful.

Circa 340

268

B.C.

or later.

D idr achnis
Similar bead, witb ordinary diadem, visible earring of three drops throughout behind, Artemis r., holding lighted torch in each hand ; beneath,
;
;

NEoroAITIlN
bull
r.,

(in ex.)
;

showing full face flying r,, crowning bull.

beneath
bull,

Man-headed above, Nike

APTEMI

24
25
26

115-2
112-2

JR

-8

M
N

(inscr., ofi coin.)

.11 -8

beneath bull,

113-2

m-75

ARTE
Similar head
;

beneath bull, Ijl

(inscr., off coin).

27

113-8

in front,
-75

behind, bunch of grapes beneatb,

Similar

but beneath bull,

STA

[Plate
Similar head (somewhat larger) bunch of grapes.
;

ii.

16.]

behind,
j

Similar

nothing beneath

bull,

28

111-8

JR

-85

29

113-3

Similar head (usual size) bebind, Artemis running r., holding with both hands long torch lighted.
;

Similar.

-8

Similar head

behind, astragalos.

Similar.

30

113-2

m-8
Similav head, but diadem broader than usual locks escape here and there.
;

NEOPOAITilN
Similar type
;

(on raised band of ex.)

bull,

beneath

31

116-3

M-75

behind, behind,

X
X
[Plate
inscr., off coin.
ii.

32

114-6

-7

17.]

33

114-7

Similar head diadem of usual breadth behind, club downwards.

;

Similar type
;

beneath

bull,

ex., off coin.

-l-'

36

CAMPANIA
Mbtal
Size

No.

Weight

Obveesb

Eevekse

Similar head row of dots visible at back, beneath diadem behind, oornucopiae
; ; ;

[NE]oroAITnN
type.

(in

ex.)

Similar

in front,

34

112-5

^8

A?
beneath bull,

Similar head
letter.

behind, traces of symbol or

Similar.

35

113-2

/R

-75

beneath bull,

EYE

Similar head (smaller than usual) hair very wavy behind, bunch of grapes.
;

Similar.

36

110--

Al
[Plate
Similar head (usual size) locks escape behind ear and cover central part of diadem no row of dots -vdsible beneath behind, bucranium plain border.
;
;

beneath bull,
ii.

Al

in field

r.,

0E

18.]

Similar type

plain border.

37

109-2

Al

-7

ex., off coin.

107-7

Similar head diadem of slightly different form behind, quiver with belt.
; ;

Similar type

inscr. in ex.

no border.

-85

[N]EoroAITnN
Similar head locks escape behind and cover lower part of diadem row of dots visible at back of head, beneath diadem behind, Artemis running r., holding long torch in both hands.
; ; ;

Similar.

39

110-7

Al

-8

beneath,

RAPME
XAPI
behind, astragalos length-

[N]EonoAIT[nN]
bee
1.

beneath

bull,

40

pi. -8

beneath,

inscr. illegible

beneath

bull,

/^
but beneath

Similar head
wise.

N EO r O A
bull,

TUN

Similar

K
partly off coin),

41
42

111-

-8

beneath,

XAPIAE
X
behind, kantharos.

(inscr.,

112-4

^-8

beneath,

(same

die).

Similar head

Similar.
(ex
off coin).

43 44
45

113-6

Al

-76

beneath,

XAPI

mpl.-75
115-

^8
.11 -8

beneath,

XA
[Plate n. 19.]
)j
I

46

109-5

"

no

letter

beneath bull.

NEAPOLIS

No.

38

CAMPANIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Drachm
Similar,
I

Similar.

61

51-5

M-65

behind, harpa.

beneath
I

bull,

Didraclims
Similar,

Similar,

62 63

109-8
110-5

M M M
M M

-9

behind, vase.
behind, oinochoe
1.

beneath

bull,

A
B

-85

beneath

bull,

[Plate

hi. l.J
,,

64

108-6

-9.

behind, round shield.

|

,,

(The flan of the three preceding coins

is

unusually large.)

66
66
108-1 105-1

^pl.-75
-75 -75

behind, diota

(earring of single drop).

beneath bull, Bl

behind, qniver with belt.

beneath bull,
preceding coins
3>

67

head smaller than

behind, trident.

in

)J

Similar head usual size, but different in style behind, astragalos ? ; no border.
; ;

Similai-

beneath bull,

68

JR

pi. -8

inscr., partly off coin.

69

106-9
107-9

70

M M

Similar head ; locks escape and partly cover lower portion of diadem ; beneath, M; behind, B
-7

Similar

same

letter.

ex.,

almost

off coin.

-75
>'

))

71

M
112-2

Similar head, smaller in size lower part of diadem quite concealed ; beneath, on either side of which, traces of letter.
;

Traces of inscr. Similar type

same

letter.

pi. -8

ex.,

almost

off coin.

Similar head.
72

N EOPOA ITflN
beneath bull,
;

(in ex.)

Similar type

M-75

behind,

TAP
EYI

beneath,

EYI
[Plate
hi. 2.]

EPI

73

114-2

M-8

behind,

Pernale head r., with wa-vy hair, weaiing diadem, earring, and necklace ; locks escape behind ear and cover central part of diadem; at back of head,

N EOPOA ITflN
bull
r.,

flying

(nex.) showing full face r., crowning bull.

Man-headed
;

above, Nike,

74

beneath diadem, row of dots; four dolphins ; border of dots.

110-9

around,

/R

-it

[Plate

hi.

3.]

NEAPOLIS
Metal
SiZF.

39

No.

Weisht

Obverse

Rbvebsb

75
76
77

106-5

yll-9

116-3
107-2

M
.-R,

-85
-8

78

107-1

-85

52-5

-55

SO
81

72-

80-5
72-5

83

75-

8i

37-5

85 86

89

90

; ;;;

40

CAMPANIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reteese

Similar, but type

1.

border of dots.

Similar, but type

bull,

and symbol
visible.

1.;

behind

91

10-6

E ; no border

-5

Head
7254-

of Apollo

r.,

laur.

hair loose

border

NEoroAITUN
bull
r.,

(in ex.)
;

Man-headed
border of
dots.

of dots.

showing
;

full face

92

M
JE

-7

above
ex.,

bull, fly

beneath,

EK

93

-66

almost off coin above, Phrygian helmet with cheek-pieces, r. j beneath bull, A\ ? no border visible.
;

Similar type, of difBerent style three rows of laurel in wreath ; behind,

;

N EYPOAITX2N

94

98-

(in ex.) Similar type above, star of eight rays in laurel- wreath beneath bull, border of dots.

-8

,"

[Plate hi.
Similar type
1.
;

6.]

border of dots.

[N]EoroAITn[N]
type
1.
;

95

56-5

-7

(in ex.) Similar above, cornucopiae; beneath, p|

N EoroAITHN
96
94-

Similar type

r.

border

97

90-

M M

of dots.
-7

Similar type r. ; above, star of eight rays border of dots.

-76

behind, astragalos

only traces of

inscr.

Similai" type

1.

Similar type.
above,

98

69-5

M
M

-7

traces of inscr.

bunch of grapes on vine-leaf beneath bull, traces of \/0 ex., off coin border of dots.
; ;

99

73-5

-7

inscr., off coin

behind,

above, thunderbolt beneath which, ex., off coin ; no border vi.sible.

above, kantharos beneath bull, off coin ; no border visible.
;

100

74-

-65

[NE] O roAITHN

border of dots.

ex.,

NEoroAITHN
bimilar type
;

(reading

outwards)

Similar type
letters
letters.

border of dots.

1.;

above,
;

kantharos and
in ex., traces of

(A

and 12)

101

67-

J&

-7

Similar type r.; around, dolphins; border

of dots.

[NEjoroAITHN
type
r.
;

(in

ex.)
r.
;

Similar

102

07-

above, trident

border

of

-7

four dolphins visible.

dots.

; ;

NEAPOLIS
Metal
Size

41

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

NEoroAITHN
laui'.
;

hair loose

Head of Apollo border of dots.

1.,

Man-headed bull r., showing full face above, Nike flying r., crowning bull.
beneath
bull,

103

77-

-8

behind,

IZ

104
105

935578-

106
107

100-5
84-

108 109

M M M M M
JE

-85
-75
-8

A N

O
P

-8

-8

85-5

-8

I
[Plate hi.
7.]

t^
(border not visible.)
in ex.,

110
111

676371-

112

113

79-5

M M M ^ M

-8

,,

O
P

IZ

-8

-75
-85

T
H
[Plate hi.
,,

beneath bull,

AZ

8.]

114

92-

-75

(nothing visible behind.]

ex., off coin.

Similar type r. behind, border of dots.

;

ia front,

H?

N EO n O A TXIN
I

(in ex.)

Similar type

115

32-5

M M M

-5

Similar type

1.

border of dots.

N EO n O A Tfl N
I

(in ex.)

Similar type

plain border.

116 117

41-5
36-

-65
-55
(ex., ofi coin.)

Head of Apollo

1.,

laur.

border of dots.

NEOPOAITUN
and
lyre.

(in

ex.)

Omphalos

118 119

9897-

JE

-8

behind,
behind,

AZ
helmet with spike

beneath

inscr.,

caduceus

1.

border plain.
border of dots.

M
JE

-8

and cheek-

beneath

inscr., trident?

1.

pieces (or star ?).

120

114-

-85

behind, traces of letters.

above

omphalos, crescent between two beneath inscr., uncertain object formed of dots; border of dots.
stars
;

Similar type
dots.

r.

behind,

XAI

border of

Similar but above omphalos, serpent 1. beneath inscr., club r. border of dots.
; ;

121

78'5
VOL.
I.

vE

-8

42

CAMPANIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obteese

Eevebse

Similar type

1.,

laur.

within laurel-wreath,

Inscr. in ex.

Similar

tyjae

border of
1.,

dots.

122

92-

M
JE
JE

-85

behind,

fl

NEOnoAITUN
with
[Plate
hi. 9.]
filleted

in field

caducens

handle.

123

53-

-75
-8

as preceding.

124
125

102-

in

NEXinOAITflN
,,

no symbol.
beneath
inscr.,

92-5

126

109-6

M M

-8

EFll

-85

T
[Plate hi. 10.]

craninm

in field

1.,

above omphalos, buEfl I downwards.

Young male head

behind, star
;

r.,

with short hair

NEoroAITn[N]
prancing horse
1.
;

(in ex.)
r.

Figure on
raised
;

border of dots.

hand

be-

tween horse's
127
44-

forelegs,

JE

-6

AS;

plain border.

Similar.

Similar

but chlamys visible behind

figure.

128

53-5

IE,

-65

(NEoroAITOM);
beneath
inscr.,

beneath horse, EFll;

r.

palm-branch
;

12[

52-5

M
M
JE JE

-65

beneath horse, beneath inscr., vinebranch with leaves and grapes

'?

AY

[Plate 130
44-65

hi.

11.

beneath horse, lower part of

beneath horse,
(border not visible.)
|

AY
E
;

(piles visible

on head

ex., oif coin).

131

37-5
45-

-65
-6

no symbol

visible in ex.

132 133

<l>l

47-5
54-

JE

-65 -65

134

beneath inscr., palmbranch r.

Similar.

NEonOA[ITnN]
;

curved beneath type.

135

49-

-65

Horseman, as above, with chlamys and sword beneath horse, no exer-

AH

gual line

border of dots.

Head
_

of

Artemis

r.,

behind, top of quiver

wearing necklace border of dots.

;

NEOfO A
border.

Til N
r.,

(beginning on
fillet
;

r.)

Cornucopiae

bound with

plain

136
137

27-5 30'5

^
JE

-G

(>
I

NEfl

in inscr.?

NEAPOLIS
Metal
Size

43

No.

W'F.iniiT

Obverse

Reverse

Bust of Artemis r., wearing- necklace, and sliowing drapery about shoulders behind, bovp and quiver border of dots.
;

NEOro AITHN
Cornucopiae.

(beginning on

1.)

138
139
34-

M M
^53

-6

in front,

AH
A
;

bound with

fillet

border of dots.

'55

beHnd,
not

in front, traces of

(border

no

fillet

in

field

1.,

PO

downwards

visible).

border of dots.
fillet
;

1-10

34-

-55

no

letters.

in field

1.,

AY

border plain.

[B.Jlf.C, p. 118(255).]

141

JE

-55

fillet;

in field

1.,

/S(J\;

border of dots.

Head of Apollo
of dots.

1.,

laur.

hair short

border

NEOPO A TUN
I

Tripod; border of

dots.

142 143

4253-

.E

-6

behind, star. place of symbol, and border, off coin.

between

legs,

144
145
146

4248-

M M M M

-6

-65 -65

behind,

M
no
letters.

N Y

place of symbol or letter, ofi coin. place of symbol or letter, and border, ofE
coin.

-55

border not

visible.

Similar

but type

r.

but inscr. reads downwards inSimilar stead of upwards.

;

147

20-.

-5

behind,

PO
;

Similar

but type

1.

Similar; but inscr. reads upwards; plain

border.

148 149
29-.">

150

48-

M M M

-55

behind, cornucopiae.

-55
-6

symbol doubtful, but probably cornucopiae.

lighted torch.

inscr.

almost

illegible.

border of dots.

[Plate

III.

12.]

Peobably struck at Njsapolis

Circa 340
B.C.

Head

of Apollo
curl.

r.,

laur.

back hair

in

PXlMAIflN
ball,

ForejDart of
r.

man-headed

formal

swimming

LM

48-.".

JE

-7

on shoulder, no star

visible.

CAMPANIA
Metal
Size

No.

Wei&ht

OsvEBSi;

Reverse

NOLA
For
types

and

style

compare

the coins of

folloiving series are Nos. 6

Hyria and of Neapolis. and 7.

B.C.

The

earliest of the

Circa

340268
Silver

Campanian (Phocaean) Standard Bidrachms

Female liead r., -weariiig diadem ornamented with maeander pattern, earring, and necklace.
111-1

[N]nAAI05
1.
;

(in ex.)

Man-teaded
1.,

bull

above, Nike flying line of ex., double.

crovraing bull;

-7

upper part of diadem not

visible.

head of
[Plate hi. 13.]

bull, off coin.

Similar head, of somewhat different style;

NI2AAIOS
full face
;

Similar type; bull shows

110-9

diadem tied with bow in

-8

front.

line of ex., dotted.

Similar head

I.

Nr2AAin[N]

(in ex.)

Similar type

r.

113-2

line of ex., double.

-8

Similar head
111-6
110-

r.,

of later style.

NHAAIflN
of ex., single.

(in ex.)

Similar; but line

M M

-8

-7

Head

of

Pallas

r.,

which
107-2

olive-wi-eath

wearing helmet, on with owl.

NHAAinN
r.,

(above) Man-headed bull face in profile ; beneath, /^

M
M

-8

[Plate hi. 14.]

-85

107-3

NOLAPHISTELIA
Weight

45

No.

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

NUCERIA ALFATERNA*
Nui-rriii

was captured

hij

the

Komans

in the course of the Sminilte

War.

After circa 308

B.C.

Silver

Campanian (Phocaean) Standai'd

D idrachms
Young male head
long hair
;

1., witli ram's liorn and border of dots.

Dioskouros of horse

1.

with sceptre, holding bridle

1.

.R

pi. -8

kVivMaaTRo>iRwvma>iDVM
[Plate hi. 15.]

111-5

-9

vvivMa3Tn8n>inwivm<]>i3VM
VVIVM
.

109-6

-8

3T
Bronze

Young male head

47-5
39-

1.,

bound with vrreath

kVivMaBTPis
Hound
r.,

njnwvma>i3VM
scent.

M ^

hair long
-7

border of dots.

on the

-6

inscr. divided.

PHISTELIA
This town
is

hioion

only

from its coins. Tlecent finds point S'amnium, rather than in Campania.
Circa

to its

having been

420400
SiLVEE

B.C.

Campanian (Phocaean) Standard

Didrachm
Female head, three-quarter face tovrards necklace hair r., wearing diadem and
;

B] ^
I

> UV^

Man-headed

bull

113-2

floating.
-8

in ex., traces of symbol.

every case,

that The letters on the following coins are so small and indistinct appear. of the exact fortn in which they

it is

impossible to be certain,,

4G

CAMPANIA
Metal
Size

No.

"Weight

Obveese

Eeveese

Obols
Similar head, towards
101.

Lion advancing towards

line of ex., dotted.

1.;

in ex., serpent;

M
/R

-45

94
7-5

-45

[Plate

iii.

16.]

M M
vR

-46

8-8

-45
(No. 5
is

of barbarous

wortmanship.)
lion, star of

-45
I

above

eight rays.

[Plate hi. 17.]

6-5

-5

Young

face towards
9-7

head, without neck, three-quarter r. hair short.

;

VJ T^

8 Barleycorn
r.
;

shell,

hinge

above, musselbeneath, dolphin 1.,

;

inverted.

/R

-45

M
10

-45

^
7-9

-45

11

M ^

-4

12

7-5

-45

li i

tr ae

<1>ISTE
short.

AIA

Young
face

three-quarter

towards

head, with neck, r. hair

;

Similar.

13

10-2

^l

'46

[Plate hi. 18.]

14
I

8-7

.-R

-4

(Much worn.)

PHISTELIA SUESSA AURUNCA

Metal
Size

47

No.

Weight

Obvebse

Eeveese

SUESSA AURUNCA
Snessa
Aiii-micii loas

made a

'colonia' in 313 B.C.

Ch-ca

313268
Silver

B.C.

Campanian (Phocaean) Standard

Dldrach.nis

Head

of Apollo

r.,

laur.

^VE^ANO
wearingfilleted

(in ex.)

horseman

1.,

holding with 1. hand palm over shoulder, and leading

pilos,

105-:

M M

a spare advance.
-9

horse,

which

is

slightly

in

behind, owl

1.

[Plate 2
108-85

iii.

19.]

behind, crescent.

Bronze
Similar type
dots.
1.
;

behind,

>

border of

S V E S A N [O]
r., r.,

(in ex.)
;

showing full face crowning bull.

above,

Man-headed bull Nike flying

103-

-85

After circa 268

B.C.

See

under

Aqdinum.

Head

of Pallas
;

1.,

wearing crested Corin-

SVESANO
r.
;

(in field r.,

upwards)

Cook
border

thian helmet

border of dots.

behind, star of eight rays;

of dots.

117o
94-5

m M

-8

-85

(The fabric of No. 5

is flatter,

and the

flan

more spread.)

Head

of

Hermes
;

1.,
;

in

winged petasos

SVESANO
Herakles,

(in

field

l-i

drapery about neck fastened at chin border of dots. front, letters in

facing,
;

struggling

upwards) with r.

Nemean

lion

between

legs, club.

115-5
94-

M M

-85
-8

_ _

BOVM rROBVM
[Plate
hi. 20.]

;;

48

CAMPANIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obyebse

Bevebse

TEANUM SIDICmUM
Tlie Sidicini

prohahhj suhmitted

to

and

their coinage

Borne before the end of the Second Samnite may have begun then.

War

Circa

300268
Silver

B.C.

Campanian (Phocaean) Standard

Didra chins
Head
106-5
104-9
of

young Herakles

r.,

in lion's skin.

^VMRKT
|-

(in ex.)

Nike in
;

trigar., hold-

M M

ing goad and reins

-85
-9

horses cantering.

behind, cornucopiae.

in inscr.,

which

is

partly

off coin.

[Plate

hi. 21.]

Bronze
?l

V M R KT Head of Apollo
dots.

1.,

laur.

at

back of head, beneath wreath, row of

Man-headed bull r., showing full above, Nike r., crowning him.

face

72-5

86-5

M M

-75
-8

behiad,

O
beneath bull, pentagram.

behind, thunderbolt.

Head
79-"

of Apollo

1.,

laur.

hair tied behind,

^IRIKIM[VR]
bull
r.,

(in

ex.)
;

Man-headed
above, lyre.

showing

full face

-8

in front, traces of letters.

Circa 268

B.C.

Bronze
See under Aquinum.

Head

of Pallas thian helnaet

1.,
;

wearing crested Corin-

T A NO
dots.

border of dots.

(in field r. u pwards) Cock r. I border of behind, star of eight rays

, ;

85-

M
M

-85
-75

95-5

TEANUM SIDICINUM UNCERTAIN

Metal
SiZB

49

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

UNCERTAIN OP CAMPANIA
Beokze Compare
the early bronze coins

of Neajjolis (Nos. 80
B.C.

83).
Forepart on r.
;

Circd 340

Head

of Apollo

r.,

laur.

hair in formal

NOJLdOV
of

(o^'^i^^'^''^^'^)* of

curl.

man-headed bull swimming

star

shoulder, border.
86-

four

rays;

plain

M
M

-7

[Plate
-75

iv.

l.J

80-.

inscr., obscure.

After circa 340

It is possible

B.C.

that the following were not siruch within the limits of Campania, but They are much ruder they are certainly imitations of well-known Campanian types. in style than the pieces on which they are modelled.

Head
curl.

of Apollo

r.,

laur.

hair in formal

Man-headed bull
advanced.

1.,

with forefeet well

50-

M
M

-65
-6

IDNOI

39-

IDNH
[Plate
iv.

'

2,]

CAMPANIAlSr

(ROMANO
Gold

or

ROMA)

The following gold

South Italy by the coins are believed to have been issued in

generals opposing Hannibal.

Soman

Circa

216-211

B.C.

Piece of Sixty Sestertii

Head
51-8

bearded Ares, helmeted, beneath, N^X border of dots.

of
;

r.;|ROMA
standing
|

Eagle, with outstretched wings, r., upon thunderbolt.

N-

-6

[Platk
*

IV.

3.]

doubtful, although the one or two numismatistB who This legend must be considered the probable reading. the original, agree with me as to have aeen

^^

50

CAMPANIA

No.

; ; ;

ROIMANO-CAMPANIAN
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Head

of bearded Ares
;

helmet
acorn.

1., wearing crested behind, two oak-leaves and an

ROMANO

Horse's (on raised band) behind, tar of corn head r., bridled and two blades on stalk.
;

12

115-4

.11

-85

13

110-5

.11

-85

inscr. obliterated.

Head

14

1012
101-

15

M M M
M M

of yonng Ares r., in crested helmet wears wliiskers on helmet, griffin r. border of dots.
;

ROA\A

Horse's head with bridle behind, reaping-hook plain border.

;

r.

-75

[Plate
-85

iv.

6.]

ROAAA
Similar type
dots.
;

behind, club

border of

ROM/X

(beneath)

Horse prancing
r.
;

r.

in field above, club

plain border.

16

100-5

-8

Similar type
-65

same symbol

same border.

Similar

horse bridled

same border.

17

so-

Head
ls
i

of

yonng Ares
;

r.,

wearing crested

ROA\A

helmet
-6

border of dots.

Horse's head, with bridle, behind, reaping-hook.

r.

46-

Head

of

young Ares
crested

wearing

(or Pallas?) r., Corinthian helmet

Head

of horse

1.,

with

bridle.

border of dots.
19
85-

M M M M M
M

-8

RO
. .
.

MANO
[Plate

traces of inscr.
iv.

7.]
.

20
21

84-

-85
-8

ANO

MA NO
typer.
typer.

85-5
7175-

type type

1.

ROMAMO
and smaller.

22

-7

1.,

23
2-1

-7

ROMAAO ROA\NAO

typer. typer. type

r.,

87-5
87-

-7

25

-75

ROMAAC RCMA[

resting

on raised

base.

Head
26
27
1-22-

of

young Herakles
1.
;

beneath neck, club

-76

in lion's skin border of dots.

r.,

ROMA
r.
;

Pegasos flying

r.;

above, club

plain border.

lO.V

IE -85

H 2

52

CAMPANIA
Metal
Size

No.

Wbigsht

Obvekse

Reverse

Head

of Roma in Phrygian helmet behind, symbol border of dots.

;

r.

ROMANO
border.

Figure of Nike r., attaching a -wreath to a palm-branch in field r., beneath wreath, letters plain
;

28 29 30
31

97 3
102-6
98-

.R

-75
-8

cornucopiae.

BB

M
JR

J)

AA
AAM
2:[2:]

-8

sceptre ?

102-3
97-5

32

33

100-2

M M M

-75
-75
-8

cornucopias,

anchor,

YY
fore-pa-w raised.
letters -uncertain

dog

1.,

r.

(r[r]

?)

[Plate

iv.

8.]

Similar type

same border.

ROM A
raised.

(in ex.)

Dog

r.,

with

1.

fore-paw

34

31-5

-45

[Plate

iv.

9.]

Female head, tnrreted, wearing necklace and earring, r. drapery abo-at neck
;

ROAA/X

Naked youth on
with whip in

horseback,
r.

35

101-

border of dots.
-8

galloping r., plain border.

hand

ARPI

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

107-6

-85

;
:

54

APULIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eeveese

AZETIUM
Bronze
Third Century
B.C.

Head
11595-

of Pallas

r.,

wearing crested Corin-

AIETINflN
of Ionic

M M

earring, border doubtful.

tliiaii

helmet,

and necklace

column

branch

r., standing on top in front of owl, oHveplain border.

;

Owl

-85
-8

BARIUM
Bronze

Sextantal System.
Circa 220
B.C.

Sextans
Head
of

Zeus

r.,

laur.

behind, J

border

B A P N GJ N
;

of dots.

Prow r. upon which Eros I leaning forward and bending bow to shoot beneath, plain dolphin r.
,

75-4

border.
-75

CAELIA
Beonze
Circa

268200

B.C.

Sextantes
Head
of Pallas
r.,
;

thian helmet
dots.

above,

wearing crested Corinborder of

;

KAIAINHN
crested helmet

r.,
;

Trophy, consisting of round shield, lance,

1138270-

M M
M M

sword, cuirass plain border.

on

either

side,

star

-8

-8

(inscr. illegible.)

-85

on helmet, serpent.

helmet placed 1. in stars lower down.

;

field

1.,

thunderbolt

65-7

-8
iis

preceding.

AZETIUM GRUMUM
Metal
Size

55

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Head

of

Zeus

r.,

laur.

behind,

border

of dots.

KA A NtO N
I

86-5

spear
-S

Pallas running 1., wearing crested helmet, holding small shield and plain border.

Uncertain Denomination
Head
of Pallas thian helmet
r.,
;

wearing crested Corin-

KA

(in ex.)
r.,

border of dots.

prancing
border.

Dioskonroi on horseback, with spears couched plain

;

32 5

.E -55

CANUSIUM
Canusium suhmitted
to

Rome

in the course of the Second Smnuite

War

Circa 300 B.C.

Silver
Obol
Amphora between
choe
5-5
1.

cornucopiae and oino-

KA
of

Lyre which a

of

three strings, on

1.

side

fillet ?

JR

-4

Bkonze

Male head

1.,

bare.

KANYZINI2[N]
r.,

Horseman galloping

wearing crested helmet, and holding

spear couched.
118-

-85

GRUMUM
Bbokze
Circa 300
B.C.

Female bead
knot.
37-

r.,

wearing necklace; hair in

rPY
iv.

Horse prancing

r.

-55

[Plate

12.]

56

APULIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

REVEK8E

LUCERIA*
Beonze

Sextantal System
Before 217
B.C.

Quin cunx
Head
of Pallas r., wearing crested Corinthian helmet; above, border

LOVC E R

Wheel

of eight spokes

inner line of tyre dotted.

of dots.

219-

1'06

T riens
Head
of

young Herakles

r.

in lion's skin

LOVCER
bow
;

behind,

border of dots.

inscr.

Quiver r., club r., and strung between club and bow

175-5

plain border.
1-

Romano-Luceiiaii Series
Third Century
B.C.

Dextan s
Head
of

Apollo

r.,

laur.

plain border.

ROM/X
r.
;

Nike driving galloping quadriga

'above,

in ex.,

Caaaaj

plain

border.

350-

JE.

l-2o

Sext anc
Head
141of

Hermes

in
;

winged petasos
above,
;

r.

ROM A

Prow

r.

beneath,

aU*

drapery about neck

border

of dots.
-9

TJncia
Head
of

young Ares

r.,

in

close-fitting

Similar

but

crested helmet;
98-

behind, ;

border of

dots.
-7

* See also p. 14.

; ;

LUGERIA RUBI
MteTAi
Size

57

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

MATEOLA
Bronze

Sextantal System
Circa

250217

B.C.

Sextans
Head
of Pallas
r.,

thian helmet, above,

necklace,

wearing crested Corinand earring

Lion seated r., showing full face; holds broken spear in month and with 1. fore-paw ia front, JSA plain border.
;
;

94-3

-7

monogram
IB.M.a,
p.

only partially

visible.

141

(1).]

NEAPOLIS
This town
is

hiown only from

its

coins.

Bbonze
Circa 300
B.C.

Head
50-

of

Maenad

r.,

wearing wreath of ivy

;

N EAn
on
iv.

Bunch of grapes with vine- leaves

behind, filleted thyrsos

in front,

either side.

-7

[Plate

13.]

RUBI
Bronze
Third Century
B.C.

r^' CEOE
24-5

Head

of

Zeus

r.,

laur.

PY

Female

figure
;

1.,

holding patera and

border of dots.

cornucopiae

plain border.

-65

58

APULIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Revebse

SALAPIA*
Beonze
Circa

250200

B.C.

With

the magistrate's

name compare Arpi, Nos. 8 and

laur.

9.

ZAAAniNnN
108-

Head
;

of

Zeus

1.,

riYAAOY
running
r.
;

(in ex.)

Kalydonian boar
r.

M M M

behind, thunderbolt
-8

border of dots.

above, trident

SAAAniNflN
wreathed
-9
;

Head

of

Apollo

r.,

Horse prancing
beneath,

r.

above,

trident

r.

at shoulder, quiver.

flYAAOY

124-

126-5

-85

Z in inscr. ZAAAniNIlN

(Pan
dots.

'!)

behind,

Young male head pedum border

;

r.

Eagle on column
rays
;

r.

above, star of eight

of

in field

r.,

PYAAOY

41-5

-7

TEATE
Bronze

Uncial System
After circa 217
B.C.

Quincunce s
Head
of Pallas r., wearing earring, and crested Corinthian helmet ornamented
griffin
;

T AT
I

in field

r.,

wl r. on bar beneath, ; thunderbolt upwards plain

;
;

with
306270-

M MM
1-1

border of dots.

border.

no symbol

visible.

Similar type, bat helmet plain

of dots.

border

T AT
I

wl
;

r.

on Corinthian

capital

in

front,

plain border.

226-

^105

part above helmet

ofi coin.

above marks of value, crescent with horns

upward
[Plate
164iv.

inscr.,

partly off coin.

14.]

1-

above helmet, traces of value-marks.

above marks of value, doubtful symbol.

* See also

Uxcertain or Italy, Nos. 6 and

7.

;;

SALAPIA VENUSIA
Metal
Size

59

No.

'

Weight

Obverse

Revebsb

Similar type
175-

border of dots.

T AT
I

Owl on palm-branoh r
;

beneath

-9

plain border.

Trie ntes
Head
of bearded

Herakles in

lion's skin r.

TIATI
ex.,

Lion

r.

above,

club

r.

in

lion, star.

M
165I

1-

beneatb

.E

-9

ia field r., crescent with horns plain border.

upwards

[Plate

iv.

15.]

Quadr ans
Head
of Pallas r., wearing crested Corinthian helmet, with earring and necklace border of dots.

TIATI

Owl

r.

on bar

beneath,

plain border.

197-

JE

-9

Sextant es
Similar type
123;

border of dots.

TIATI

Similar

type;

in

ex.,

plain border.

-75

10
11

11590-

JE -75 JE -85

in front, wreath.

no symbol
(No. 11 is a restruok coin.)

visible.

VENUSIA
Bronze

Triental System
After circa 250
B.C.

Cluadr ans
Head
of

Zeus
J

1.,

laur.

beneath,

Three

behind, 279-

crescents, back to back each, star of twelve rays.

within

1-

Sextans
Head
155of Pallas
r.,

wearing crested Corin-

\B

thian helmet; above,

between two dolphins downwards, back to back plain border.

;

-9

60

APULIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obvebse

Reverse

Sextantal System
Circa 250

217

B.C.,

and

later

Nummus
Head
of

young DIonysos

r.,

wearing -wTeath

of ivy.

539-

Dionysos, wearing short chiton and endromides, seated 1. on rock, holding bunch of grapes and filleted thyrsos r. foot plain border. on stone behind, N *
; ;

1-4

place of

monogram,

off coin.

Quincunx
Head
211of

Zeus

1.,

laur.

behind,

Eagle

1.,

with wings open, on thunderbolt;

border of dots.
1-1

in front,

plain border.

Q.uadrau8
Head
of

Hera
;

1.,

wearing stephane,

and earring
117-

in front,

veil,
;

Three crescents, back to back;

each,
star
;

within

behind,

of

twelve rays

in centre,

border of dots.
-9

single dot

plain border.

[Plate

iv.

16.]

Sezt ans
Head
of Pallas thian helmet
1.,
;

wearing crested Corinabove, ; border of

Owl

1.

on palm-branch, showing

full face;

behind,

dots.

76-

JE

-8

;;

;; ;

CALABRIA
Metal
Size

61

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eevekse

Calabria

BRUNDUSIUM
Bntndtisiani loas

made a

'

colonia' hy the

Bomans

in

245

B.C.

Bronze

Triental System.

{Circa

245217

B.C.)

Sextant e s
Head
of Poseidon (without neck) behind, trident ; beneath,
r.
,

lanr.

BR VN

Figure seated on dolphin holding kantharos in r. and lyre in beneath,

1., 1.

261-5

1-1

Similar ; but above trident, wreath-bearing Nike r. ; border of dots.

251-

Similar

but in

r.,

wreath-bearing Nike

r.

plain border.

1-05

TTnc ia
Similar, with Nike; but beneath, of dots.
;

border

Similar, with Nike; but in 1., comucopiae instead of lyre in field r., club upwards beneath, ; plain border.
;

128-5

-9

Uncial and Semuncial Systems.

{Circa

21789

B.C.)

Semisses
Head of Poseidon r.,
border of dots.
198-5
122-

behind, trident and wreath-bearing Nike v.; beneath, o-i

laur.
;

Figure seated on dolphin 1., holding wreath -bearing Nike r. and lyre in field
;

r.,

plain border.

M M
M

1-

without neck,

BR VN
[Plate

-9

with neck.
iv.

17.]

119-5

-8

BRVN
BRvN
>
;

144-5
103-

M
M

-85

' fi^'^ ^'

^
'
star of eight rayn.

2E -85
-85

I)

,,

116-5

62

CALABRIA

No.

BRUNDUSIUMHYRIA
!

63

Ko.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Eeverse

HYRIA

OE

ORRA

Beonze

Uncial System.

{Circa

217200

B.C.)

Semi s
Head
1
.

of
;

young Herakles
beneath head,

r.,
;

-wearing lion's

OP PA

Winged thunderbolt

beneath,

skin

border of dots.

POP

plain border.

185-5

JE

-9

Quin cunx
Young head
(Pallas?) r., wearing triplebeneath, crested helmet with feather
;

ORRA

wings extended

Eagle on thunderbolt r., -with beneath,

;

157-5

AA
-8

border of dots.

Semnncial System.

{Circa

20089

B.C.)

Guincunces
Bust
of Aphrodite r., -with -wreath, stephane, earring, and necklace drapery over 1. shoulder, sceptre about neck
; ;

ORRA
lyre
r.
;

Eros advancing r., playing on he is naked, but wears ring ronnd

;

ankle

behind,

plain border.

border of dots.
3
84-

-8

[Plate

iv.

19.]

83-5

-75

TTncertain Denominations
Head
57-

of

yonng warrior
;

r.,

wearing conical

ORRA
closed.
iv.

Eagle

r.

on thunderbolt

wings
;

helmet with crest

-65

behind,

AA
[Plate

20.]

Similar

letters

lower down.

OP

Similar

but eagle looks back.

-55

G-l:

CALABRIA

No.

STURNIUMTARENTUM
No.

65

Wei&ht

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Cirru

500

B.C.

Didrachms

^A^ AT
in
r.

Taras on dolphin r., liair long ami gathered into a queue behind him
;

5 AS! AT
1.
;

he holds a cuttlefish extended in front cable border.

; ;

1.

arm

Sea-horse vi'ith curled wing beneath, cockle-shell incuse border of radiating lines.
;

119-2

-85

[Plate

v.

1.]

Similar type
119-5

border doubtful,

TA^A^
and

Same

type

r.

same symbol

border.

-75

traces of inscr.

5A9 AT

Taras on dolphin
;

r.,

with both

Similar type
doubtful.

1.

no symbol

visible

border

arms extended
border of dots.
120-S

beneath, cockle-shell

inscr.

almost

illegible.

Circa

473420

B.C.

Tn 473 B.C. the Tarenfines (and Wiegians) met loitli a disastrous defeat at the hands The flower of the Tarentine aristocracy were slain, and in conof the lapygians. sequence a political revolution ensued. The establishment of the democracy was marlced by a new coin type (Nos. 7 ff-). None of the following specimens are among the earliest of the series. Probably all of them are later than circa, 460 B.C.

Didrachms
5 A^ AT
shell
;

Taras on dolphin
;

r.,

with both
cockle-

Male figure

arms extended in front beneath,

border of dots.

Tarentum ?), naked on four-legged stool leans with 1. arm on staff that rests on ground behind him line of ex., dotted.
('
'

Demos

of

to waist, seated

1.

123-9
122-1

M M

-95 -95

in

r., distafi.

type

1.

inscr. illegible.

in

r.,

uncertain object.

[Plate

v.

2.]

Taras on dolphin
front;

r. 1. arm extended in in r., cuttlefish; beneath, unplain border, double. certain object
; ;

Similar figure
raised from dotted.

but in r., kantharos shoulder line of 1.

;

staff
ex.,

1191

-95

traces of inscr.
[Pr,ATE V. 3.]

66

CALABRIA

No.

TARENTUM
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

B.

After circa 420

(a.)

B.C.

Gold

Tlie foUoiviiKj gold coins sliould

of nilrer

to

xoMch they naturally attach themselves

he sHidied in connection with the various series hij their dates.

Euboic Attic Standard

-

Circa

330302
S tater

B.a

Head
veil

of

goddess

r.,

-wearing stephane,

The Dioskonroi on horseback

side
;
;

1.,

side

by-

on back of bead, and earring; in

;

front and behind, dolphin do-wn-wards beneath, A?

horses walking, farther one in above, t-wo advance, cro-wned by rider in ex., traces of stars of eight rays
;

S
18
131-2

A
v. 10.]

-75

traces of inscr.

[Evans, Horsemen of Tarentiim, Pl.

Drachm

TAPANTINHN
on cheek, S
19
;

Head
;

of goddess

r.,

TAPAS

wearing stephane, earring, and necklace hair loose on neck behind head, E
border of dots.
66-4

Taras seated on dolphin 1., holding small dolphin 1., and trident below, h

iV

-6

[Plate

v.

5.]

Diobol

TAPAS
front,

Head

of Apollo

1.,

laur.

ii

and dolphin downwards.

Herakles 1., head turned r., wielding clab with r., and about to strike Nemean in lion which he strangles with 1. beneath, J- H field 1., bow and quiver
; ;

20

221

Jf

45
Circa 300
B.C.

Stater

TAPA

Head
;

of

goddess

1.,

wearing
;

TAPAS
;

earring, stephane, veil on back of head, and necklace around, three dolphins

border of dots.

Yo-ang horseman, (in ex.) with r. hand placing wreath on horse's above, Nike head horse walking r. crowning horseman with both hands beneath in front, dolphin downwards r.
;
; ;

horse, S of eight rays.

;

between

its forelegs,

star

21

132-7

-7;

[Ev*ns, Pl,

y.

14.J

68

CALABRIA

No.

TARENTUM
No.

69

Weisht

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reveese

Similar type, -without helmet or lance;

plain border.

TAPA[S]
dolphin
;

Taras astride on he holds acrostolion in outstretched r. hand 1. rests on dolphin's back plain border.
(in field r.)
1.
; ;

27

117-3

-85

beneath,

g
[Plate

beneath,
v.
7.]

28

116-9

-S5

letter.

no

letters visible

much worn.

Naked Ephebos
with
r.,

].,

crowning his
;

horse

T A

and holding in his 1. behind him a small round shield plain border.

P[AS] (in field r.) Taras astride on dolphin r. points downwards with ]. hand, and holds a dart in r., uplifted, as if he were about to strike plain
; ;

border.

29

115-9

^-85
Naked Ephebos
front,
in r., crowning his horse caduceus upright plain border.
; ;

TAPAS
hand

(in field

1.)

Similar type;
;

r.

rests
;

on dolphin's back
beneath,

1.

hand

30

116-2

extended
-9

plain border.

[Plate

v.

8.]

Naked Ephebos

galloping r. with r. hand thrown back, grasping by the middle a short javelin (or whip ?)
;

TAPA5
r.

(beneath) Similar type 1. Taras holds acrostolion in outstretched

hand

plain border.

31

115-9 118-7

JR

-8

beneath horse,

32

-85

no

letter.

Circa

380345
the

B.C.

TJiis

was a period of prosperity under

government of the philosopher Arcliytas.

Naked youth

galloping

r.,

grasping reins

TAPAS
dolphin
stretched

with both hands.

Taras astride on (beneath) holds acrostolion in out1.

;

r.

hand.
plain border.
visible.

33 34 35

119-8
120-9 120-9

-85

beneath,

A
,,

in field
plain border, plain border.

1.,

V A
;

/R-8

beneath,

no border

M-75

no

letter visible

on dolphin,

plain border.

[Plate
33
117-9

v.

9.]
; ;

^8

beneath,

no border

visible.
I I

object in extended 1., off coin type r. no border visible. beneath,

70

CALABEIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Naked youth on horse 1. side-ways behind him

;

his shield seen

TAPAS

(beneath)
1.,

his

head inclined
;

ways on dolphin
inclined for-ward
;

Taras seated sidehis head slightly

to-wards the horse's, in front of horse's

and

his bridle-arm

beneath,

neck

the horse
fore-leg

37

116-1

stands and raises its off beneath, plain border. ;

-85

Naked

horseman,
1.
1.
;
;

cantering javelin in

helmeted, on horse holds small shield and beneath, plain border.

TAPAS
; ;

(in field r.)

1.
;

Taras seated

side-

holds kantharos in r. beneath, E, small dolphin 1., and waves plain border.

ways on dolphin

38

121-2

/R-85
[Plate
v.

10.]

Naked youth on horse, standing r. arm hangs at his side.

r.

his

TAPAS

(beneath) Taras astride on dolphin 1. his 1. hand resting on back part of dolphin, his r. leg throvfn forward, so as to be outlined in front of the fish's head in his r. he holds out
; ;

an oinochoe.
39
92-1

^1-8

heads of youth and of horse, off coin beneath horse, traces of uncertain letters
;

or symbols.

Naked

cantering 1. hand.

Ephebos vaulting fi-om horse 1. he holds a small shield in

;

TAPAS
phin
1.;

(beneath)
r.

Taras astride on dolfarther

hand outstretched;

leg outlined, as above.

;

40

115-3

A\

-9

beneath,

A
f

plain border.

farther leg not visible plain border.

r.

in

r.,

acrostolion ?

41

119-

^-8
.R
-9

no border

visible.

hand, off coin

visible.

beneath,

no border

42

117-2

in

r.,

fish

downwards

beneath,

Similar type, javelin with shield

beneath,

TAPA

43

119-5

-s;

Similar type; S (in field r.) but Taras holds trident which rests on 1. shoulder; beneath, K and waves.

Naked horseman, helmeted, advancing

m
14

holding reins in 1. beneath,

;

1.,

Similar.

r.,

shield

114-0

/R-85

and

javelin

TARENTUM
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obveese

Reverse

Naked boy, on horseback,

at
liis

bis
r.

arm banging
and
lifts its

TAPAS

side; borse stands

;

i5

r2n-4 116-6
120-?.

46

M M

oil fore-leg
-S

beneatb,

Taras astride on (beneatb) dolphin 1. r. hand outstretched and pointing forward plain border.
;

-75

beneath,

47

.R 85

above dolphin's

tail,

Naked boy on borse

bangs at bis

cantering

r.

bis

arm

TAPAS
doli3hin

(beneatb)
1.
;

side; beneatb,

r.

Taras astride on hand extended with open

of

palm; farther leg outlined in front

dolphin's bead.

48

116-9

.R

-8

Naked boy on borse standing

himself -with
r.,

r.

r.;

beneatb,

oro-wns in field

TAPAS
dolphin
r.

(beneath)
1.
;
;

Y
[Plate

band

Taras astride on holds small fish in extended beneath,

49

119-5

iR-9
v. 11. J

Circa

344334

B.C.

Liicanians, appealed In 344 B.C. the Tarentines, hard pressed hy the Messapians and King Archidamos led an army to their assistance, hut loas defeated to Sparta for aid. and slain in 338 B.C.

Naked boy

rider to

r.,

crowning stationary

T A PAS
dolphin
visible to

(in field r.)

Taras, naked, on

borse, which raises off fore-leg, and crowned himself by flying Nike; beneatb

1.,

his farther leg

drawn up and
;

borse,

SIM

knee; his 1., which rests on with the fish's back, grasps a trident hisr. he holds out a kantharos beneath, P and curling waves. h
;

inscr.

not visible.
2.]

50

119-1

^9
[Evans, Pl.
iv.

Naked boy

crowning bis horse, which stands still and raises its ofi: club fore-leg; beneatb borse, K and
rider
r.,

TAP A
in
1.,

(in field r.)

1.
;

on dolphin

in

r.

Taras astride hand, kantharos

;

downwards.
51

small round shield and trident; beneath, il and waves plain border.
;

120-4

^85
[Evans, Pl.
iv.

!]

Naked

warrior, belmeted, standing behind holds spear and large bis borse r.
;

TAP AS

(in field r.)

;

Taras seated side-

round
52
115-6

shield.

ways on dolphin 1. holds trident in r., and in 1., small round shield; beneath, A and waves.
4.

^-8
[Evans, Pl.
it.

113-3

-86

72

CALABRIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Naked boy on horseback

flyingr.

prancing naked boy

dots.

r. above, Nike and crowning him horse and embraced by another

; ;

TAPA5

(beneath) Taras astride on dolphin L holding one-handled vase in extended r. in front, K behind,
; ;

beneath,

border

of

cockle-shell

plain border.

120-8

M-9
[Plate
v.

12.J

Ci'rca

334330

B.C.

This series
lohose

is

contonpnrcu-ij with
Tarentiitcs

the

aid

the

had

invoiced,

Italian expedition of Alexander of Epirns, and who is pierhaps directly alluded to

in the

symbol of the eagle.

Naked horseman prancing r., thrusting downwards with spear in 1., large round
;

TAPAS
a

(in field r.)

Taras, naked, as

shield

and two

spears.

a flower-like top-knot rising from his forehead, astride on dolphin 1. he holds a distafE in 1. hand.
child,
;

plump

55

1211

-8

beneath,

SIM
S
|
;

border of dots,

(inscr., off

eagle

1.

coin ;) in front, <M AIS beneath, waves.

1.

behind,

56

119-8

^-9

beneath,

no border

visible.

in front, eagle

beneath,

<|) |

no waves.

[Evans, Pl.

vi.

4.

Circa

330302

B.C.

Ire 315 B.C. the Tarentines and Spartans jointly undertooJc an abortive expedition against Agathocles of Syracuse. The Eeo. type of No. 18 has been interpreted as an allusion to this alliance.

Similar type beneath,

but horseman wears helmet

I

AA

TARAS

57 58

122-5

120-8

M M

-85
-85

(in field r.) Taras, naked, seated on dolphin 1. holds trident over r. shoulder in 1. hand, shield on which sea-horse 1.; in fi'ont, <|>| beneath, murex-shell.
; ; ;

Similar type but horseman helmet; beneath horse,

;

has

no

SA

TAPAS
asti'ide

(in

field

r.)
;

Taras,

naked,

on dolphin 1. in r. hand, kantharos in 1., trident; in field 1.,

69

120-1:

yll-85

n.
[Evans, Pl.
vi.

beneath, small dolphin

7.]

1.

60

119-1

-85

Similar type
horse,

in

field

1.,

beneath

API

T A PAS
dolphin
1.,

(in field r.)

1.
;

in

r.

Taras astride on hand, kantharos in

;

61

121-6

^-8
[Plate
v.

oar

in front,

KA

13.]
;

62

90-7

-8

without

H
I

inscr., off coin

no

letters visilile.

TAEENTUM
Metal
Size

73

No.

Weight

Obverse

Revebse

Naked boy on horseback

himself

v.,

with
;

v.

hand

cro-wning horse raises

capital

TAPAS
;

near fore-leg beneath, of Ionic column.

S A, and

(in field r.) Taras astride on dolphin 1., his r. leg thrown forward in r. hand, water-snake in 1., curved rod beneath, K014
;

63 64

123-1

-85

(M,

off coin)

119-9

^-9
[Evans, Pl.
vi.

11.

Girca

302281

B.C.

In 302 B.C., the arrival of the Sjyartan Kleonymos with a formidahle force overawed Then, however, Home, having crushed the Lncanians into malcimj terms with Tarentnm,. The alarmed Tarentines summoned the Samnites, steadily pushed farther south. Pijrrhus of Epirtis (c. 282 B.C.).

Naked boy
which

rider

r.,

crowning his horse,

;

TAPAS
dolphin
in
r.,

(in field r.)

1.,

lifts off fore-leg

in field to

1.,

Taras astride on with extended r. hand.

SA
65
120-1

^95
.11-95

beneath horse,

APE
0X2N

tripod

beneath,

CAS

66

116-4

[Evans, Pl.
119-6

vii.
r.,

l.J

^9

beneath horse.

<I>IAI

APXOS

in
I

bunch

of grapes

beneath,

ATA

[Evans, Pl.

vii.

3.]

Naked helmeted horseman

1.
;

1.,

carrying in

TAPAS
with
r.

small round shield he is received by Nike, wearing diploidion,who seizes forelock of horse; beneath, AYKISKO[S]

Taras kneeling (in field 1.) knee on back of dolphin 1. r. arm outstretched; in 1. hand, two javelins, and small round shield, on which E; in front, lOP; beneath,
;

68

120-4

-85

[Plate
letters, off coin.

v.

14.]

69

110-3

^-85

much

worn.

Naked horseman

cantering

1.

in

1.

hand,

TAPAS

small round shield and two

70
120-7
97-8

javelins.

Taras astride on (in field r.) dolphin 1. r. leg thrown forward in r., wreath-bearing Nike r. beneath, waves.
;

^85

beneath, beneath,

EY

in field

1.,

<t>IAI2N

71*

-8

<t>IAnN

Similar type, without javelins; beneath,

[T]APAS
;

(in field r.)

<|)|AOKAH S;
72 122-1

in field

r.,

dolphin, in usual manner, wreath beneath,

Taras astride on in r. baud, 1.

;

AY

yR-86

connects * No. 71, thougl. 1,1-opcrly bolonging to tho norf period,

itselJ:

naturally vvith No. 70.

74

CALABRIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Head

of Pallas

r.,

crested helmet,
rock.

wearing necklace and on which Skylla, hurling

TAP

Owl

r.,

on

olive

branch; in front,

XOP

(upwards).

73

.11 pi. -65

Similao'.

TA P
and
[Plate
v.

Owl

r.

in front, club downwards,

XOP

50-

M-65
15.

Reduced Weight
Circa

281272

B.C.

About the iimc nf rijrvhvs's arriral, the weight of Tarentine didrachms fell more than 20 grains, the ilnichni hariiig been reduced before the close of the previous period {No. 74). Pyrrhus withdrew from Italy in 274 B.C., and two years later Tarentum surrendered to the Bohkius. Pallas Promachos {No. 22), the eagle {Nos. 22 and 23), and the elephant {No. 79) are all emblems characteristic of the Epirote king.

Naked horseman, helmeted, r., thrusting downwards with lance held in r. in 1.,
;

T APA5

large

round shield and two

spears

beneath.

snsTP ATOS
TY
[Evans, Pl.

(beneath) Taras astride on dolphin 1. in r., wreath-bearing Mke r.; inl.jcornucopiae; in front, PO AY; behind, thunderbolt.
;

75

99-

-85

in field

1.,

viii.

2.

76

101-4

^85

EY

Similar type
field
1.,

beneath,

OE

AAE[H]

in

TAPAS

77

100-1
98-5

M
JR

-85
-85

Targs astride on holding trident in 1., and wreath in extended r. behind, S beneath, star of eight rays.
dolphin
1.;
;

(in field r.)

78

Similar
flies

type
1.,

but

to

r.,

crowning horseman

small Nike beneath,

;

TAF*A[SJ
dolphin
in
1.,

79

99-9

AYKHN
-8

(beneath) Taras astride on in extended r., kantharos; trident; behind, F

1.;

Naked boy on horse walking

received and crowned by male figure; in field r.,

1.,

which

is

T APA5

a
;

TY

standing beneath,

API STI
80
95-4

(in field 1.) Taras astride on dolphin r. 1. leg thrown forward in r. hand, arrow in ]., bow beneath, elephant r.
;

JR

-8^,

[Of. Evans, Pl. viii. 4.]

TARENTUM

75

No.

7fi

CALABRIA

No.

TARENTUM
No.

77

Weisht

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Similar type r. behind rider, beneath horse, [I ]I2 rY[POS]

;

<|)|

TAPAS
r.,

107

98-3

(beneath) Taras astride on dolphin 1.; holding a trident in 1., and a cornucopiae in extended r.j in field
cicada.

-75

Naked horseman on prancing horse r., thrusting downwards with spear held in r.; in 1., large round shield and two
spears; behind horseman,
horse,

TAPA

API STo

S (beneath) Taras on dolphin 1., holding trident in 1., and kantharos in extended r. in field r., head of nymph 1.
;

beneath

108

971

KA H
r.

-75

hand,
ix.

off coin.

[Evans, Pl.

6.]

Youth, with round his

raised and garment seated on stationary horse r.; beneath horse, <t>IAICKOC
r.

hand

TAPAS
tripod.

loins,

(in field r.) Taras astride on dolphin 1., holding trident in 1., and kantharos in extended r. ; beneath,

109

92-4

-9

[Evans, Pl.

ix.

8.]

Horseman in

close-fitting lorica

and

crested

TAPAS

helmet, holding spear, with point downwards, in r., and large round shield on 1. arm in front of horse, <|) I beneath,
; ;

(beneath) Taras astride on dolphin 1., holding flower in r. and cornucopiae in 1.; in field r., and

thymiaterion.

l-HPAK
110

-75

AHTO$
[Evans, Pl.

ascr., off coin.

ix.

9.]

Similar type, but horse cantering; beneath,

TAPA5

AroA[A]
nN[ios]
111

Taras astride on wearing chlamys over r. in front, Nike flying shoulder, trident beneath, waves. r., crowning Taras
(in field r.)
1.,

dolphin

-85

Naked
r.;

boy-rider crowning horse walking behind, small Nike flying r., crowning horseman in. front of horse, <|> I
;

TAPAS
I ;

112

94-7

beneath,

,,

i/p/v-rLig
[Evans, Pl.

APISTO

Taras astride on (beneath) dolphin 1., holding trident in 1., and kantharos in extended r.; in field 1., r in field r., term.

-8
ix.

ll.J

Similar type beneath,

in front

of

horse,

EYN

TAPAS

A AMOKP

ITOS

Taras astride on (beneath) dolphin r., holding in 1, a trident, and in extended r. a cornucopiae; in field 1.,

113

95-8

^1-85
[Evans, Pl.
ix.

12.]

78

CALABRIA

No.

TARENTUM
Weight

79

No.

Metal
Size

122

58-9

,R

123

100-1

^75

124
125

108-1

126

127

128
129

1138
110-5

80

CALABRIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Simila

TA

130

114-1

(between horse's fore-legs) Similar; but in place of crescent, comucopiae.

-85

Similar

with necklace.

TA

131

112-1

(between horse's fore-legs) Same beneath horse, lion r. ; behind type horseman, dolphin r.
;

-8

Similar.

TAP

132

111-8

^8

Same type; (behind horseman) beneath, tripod and dolphin r.

Similar

diadem plain

no necklace.

133

112-9

but in place of tripod, top of Similar Ionic column.

;

-75

Similar but head considerably smaller earring doubtful.

;

TA

Same type (behind horseman) in front, dolphin downwards beneath horse, rhyton ending in head and fore;

legs of animal r.

134

101-4

JR

-8

[Plate

v.

21.J

Smaller D e

uo

na

of Silver
B.C.

Fourth and Third Centuries

Diol> ols
These diohols, which shotdd he compared with those of Heraclea, began to he issued 400 B.C. For the head of Pallas, see under Thurium and loith the Heraldes types compare Heeaclea, Nos. b ff., and Ceoton, No. 36.
;

circa

Head

of Pallas 1., wearing crested Athenian helmet, on which Skylla.

TA

Infant Herakles, naked, kneeling r. knee, strangling serpent with each hand in field 1., /y^ in ex., thunder-

on

1.

135

13-7

-4,

bolt.

Head

of

Pallas

r.,

wearing

Corinthian

helmet, snake.

crested

and ornamented with

Herakles facing, seizing galloping horse which passes behind him r. ; he holds
club in raised
field r.,
r.
;

in field

1.,

/^

in

A|A

136

15-3

Al-5
[Plate
vi. l.J

TARENTUM
Metal
Size

81

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eevebse

Bust

of Pallas, full-face, towards 1., wearing Corinthian helmet with three crests dress fastened round neck with clasp.

TAPANTINflN
his legs, pelta.

Herakles, (infieldr.) naked, standing r. and strangling lion behind him, club downwards between
;

137

11-7

.R

-5

Head

of Pallas

1.,

in crested Corinthian

helmet.

Herakles standing r., (in field 1.) grappling with lion his r. hand grasps
;

club raised to strike.

138

13-1

.R-5

Similar

but

helmet

ornamented

with

TAP
legs,

(in field r.)

Similar type; behind

;

griffin.

Herakles,

bow and quiver

between his

amphora.

139

15-5

^45
Head
of Pallas wearing crested r., Athenian helmet, beneath which hair hangs down.

APA [TjNnN]
.

Herakles, naked,
;

r.,

strangling lion

behind him, club

140

13-5

downwards.
vi.

-45

[Plate

2.]

Similar head
141
17-

r.

but helmet ornamented

with sea-horse.

M-5
Similar.

Herakles, naked, standing j"AP[ lion r., with 1. knee raised, strangling behind him, club.

Herakles, naked, r., strangling lion ; behind him, club between his legs,
;

142*

15-

M-4^5

traces of inscr.

Similar.

Herakles kneeling r., and bending forward over lion, which he is strangling.
traces of inscr.

143

14-7

iR-45

Similar; but Pallas wears necklace and

earring.

TAPAN TINflN
standing
r.,

Herakles, strangling lion.

naked,

144

164

M-5
[Plate

behind him, bow and club; between his

legs,

vi.

3.]
,

145 146

17-2 18-2

^45
M-5b
*

behind, club between legs, K ; inscr.

;

off coin.

"

XorK?
No. 149 with

Some

of the following diobols

may

belong to Heraclea.

Cf., for instance,

No. 6 of Heraclea.

82

CALABRIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weisht

Obverse

Reverse

Similar.

Traces of inscr. Herakles, naked, kneeling r., strangling lion; behind him, club above lion, owl.
;

147

14-

Al-5

Similar.

[T]APAN?
kneels on
r.

Similar type; but Herakles knee only, and grasps club

148

17-5

-45

Similar
rock.

but on helmet, Skylla, hurling

Herakles, naked, standing towards r. and strangling lion; behind him, club and
cockle-shell
;

between his

legs,

149

16-3

JR. -5

Simila

150

15-4

M 46
Similar
;

Herakles, naked, standing facing, turned towards r., grappling with lion behind him, thunderbolt; between his legs, <1)|
;

but in front,

Herakles, naked, kneeling r., and strangling lion, above which bow ? and S ?

161

19-

iR-46
[Plate
vi. 4.]

Similar

no necklace

visible

no

letter.

152

16-8

M M

Herakles, naked, kneeling r. on grappling with Hon; club in drawn back.

r. r.

knee,

hand,

'46

Similar.

163

20-1

-45

Herakles, naked, kneeling r. on r. knee, strangling lion ; behind him, club above Uon,

Similar type her head.

1.

Skylla has hand raised to

TAP A NTINHN
standing
his legs,
r.,

164

18-

-5

Herakles, naked, strangling lion; between or X ?

Similar

but behind neck,

TAP A
behind
legs,

UN
club;

165

16-4

^5
Similar
;

Herakles,

Similar type between his

;

wing
15G
I

on helmet, sea-horse with curled no earring visible no letter

;

TAPANTINflN
r.

on

r.

Herakles kneeling knee, grappling with lion.

behind.
16-5

A\

-5

TARENTUM
Metal
Size

83

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Head

of

Athenian
wreath.

Pallas 1., wearing crested helmet, bound with olive-

Herakles, naked, kneeling r. on strangling lion above lion, ^;

r.

knee,

157

18-2

^5
[Plate
VI.

5.]

Similar

but helmet winged, and decorated

with

floral scroll.

Herakles, naked, facing, kneeling on r. knee, grappling with club upright in r. ; beneath Uon
;

club,

158

18-3

^5
Head
of

Herakles,

towards 1., wearing club upwards.

159
18-2

three-quarter face, lion's skin; to 1.,

Herakles, naked,
lion
;

H
[Plate
vi.

standing r., strangling behind him, club, above which, between his legs, <t> ; above lion,

-5

6.]

Ob o 1 s
Kantharos, surrounded by dots.
Kantharos, smTOunded by
four dots visible. four dots visible.
dots.

160
161

8-3
7-7 7-9

^35

five dots

in field
;

1.,

>

plain border.

162 163

M M

-45
'65

three dots visible

no border.

one dot

visible.

one dot visible

in field

1.,

torch.

8-7

three dots visible.

in field r., object reone dot visible sembling frog viewed from above, or
;

human

'figure,

facing,

seated

on

its

haunches, raising both hands.

Litrae and Hemilitra

Cockle-shell.

Dolphin

r.

164

11-8
10-

M-4>5

above, cornucopiae

beneath, pilos.

165

-4

nothing above beneath, bunch of grapes between A and f

;

Similar,

Dolphin

1.

166
167 16S

9-4

11-5
8-

M M M

-4

(plain border.)

beneath, tripod,
-45 '45

beneath, amphora.

84

CALABRIA
Metal
Size

No.

"Weight

Obvbkse

Reveesb

Similar,

DolpLin

r.

169

4-7 5-6 4-5

3-8

170
171

M M M
JR

-3

(plain border.)

-3

beneath,

<|)|

-35 -35

beneath, sea-horse

r.

172

beneath, hare running

r.

[Plate

yi. 7.]

TJncertaiu Denominations
Female head
173
11-8
r.,

hair rolled

plain border.

Dolphin
vi. 8.]

1.

beneath, pistrix

1.,

and waves.

JR

-45

[Plate
Horse's head

1.

174

6-3

M
M
m,

Horse's head

1.

-4

Horse's head

r.,

bridled.

Horse's head

r.,

bridled,

175

5-5

-3

in front, traces of letters ?

176

6-4

-35

Two
177 178
3-

crescents,

back to back.
;

Two

crescents,

back to back.

JR

-25

above and beneath, a dot

around, three stars
coin.
;

plain border.

above and beneath, a dot.

around, two dots and a star second star, off coin. around, four dots.
;

1-9

JR 3

place of fourth, off

place of

179

around, four dots.

(c.)

Bronze
B.C.

Third Century

Head

of

Zeus

r.,

laureated.

[TIAPANTINHN

Nike standing

r.,

180

122-

-85

wearing long chiton, holding in 1., by the middle, a thunderbolt, the upper end of which she touches with her r. hand.

Cockle-shell.

TAPAN
dolphin
1.,

(in field r.)

1.
;

181

31-

M
^

-55 -55

in cornucopiae.

r.

Taras astride on hand, kantharos in

;

182

26-5

LUCANIA
Metal
Size

85

No.

Weight

Obverse

Kbvebse

LuCANIA
LUCANI
Beonze
Latter part of Third Century
B.C.

Head

of
;

Zeus

r.,

lanr.j

behind,

spear-

AYK[I] ANflN
dots.

head

border of dots.

Eagle 1., with head turned back, and wings open in field border of 1., wolf's head r., upwards;
;

124-

-9

HERACLEA
Heraclea, which ims intended to he a hulwarh against the Lacaniann, loas founded uniting against the circa 432 B.C. by Tarentwn and Thurium, Dorian and Ionian common foe. Its coinage should be compared with that of these two cities.

Silver
Circa

432380

B.C.

Diobols

Head
15-6

of bearded Herakles skin ; border of dots.

r.,

in

lion's

HE

Lion running r.

line of ex., dotted.

-55

Head
185
15-6

of

young Herakles

r.,

in lion's skin.

HE

Lion running

r.

line of ex., plain.

M M

-45
-5

typel.

type

1.

Head
4*
18-2

wearing crested r., Pallas Athenian helmet, on which sea-horse.

of
'

HE

Herakles, naked, kneeling

r.

and

strangling lion.

-5 It i. placed here

period. * No. 4 belongs by type ratl.er to the Bucceoding

inscription.

on account of

it.

; ;

86

LUCANIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reveese

Circa

380281

B.C.

D idrachms
Full Tarentine Weight*

The appearance of

the Corinthian helmet before

to the success

of Timoleon.

the close of this period is perhaps due See under Syracuse (345 317 B.C.).

Head

of

Pallas

r.,

wearing

crested

Herakles, naked,
lion

Athenian helmet.

towards with both hands.

r.,

strangling

pi. -8

nrnch -worn.

traces of inscr.

Similar type, with earring and necklace on helmet, Skylla holding rudder over

hHPAKAHinN
type
;

(in field 1.) Similar behind, club with cord attached,

119-5

1.

shoulder.

and

pecten-shell.

-95

Similar type but border of dots.

;

Skylla

hurls

rock

[hHPAKA] HIHN
behind Herakles, club one-handled vase 1.

Similar type

between his

legs,

118-6

^-85
[Plate
vi.

9.]

Head
r.,

of Pallas, three-quarter face

towards wearing triple-crested helmet and

hHPAKA[H]
r.

IflN Herakles, naked, standing facing, strangling lion with 1.

off coin.

121-3

necklace.
-9

hand,

Head

of Pallas

lace,

r., wearing earring, neckand crested Athenian helmet, on

;

Herakles,

naked,

standing facing, his

r.

119-9

which, Skylla hui-ling rook helmet ornamented in front,

;

flap

of

resting on club, while he holds 1. over 1. arm, lion's skin in

;

bow
field
;

in
1.,

K?
[Plate

Nike crowning Herakles, and

field r.,

-8

AA

in

vi.

10.]

hHPAKAHin N
;

Head

of Pallas

r.,

wearing necklace, earring, and crested Corinthian helmet, on -which Skylla hurling rock behind head, letter.

Herakles, as above over r. shoulder, strap supporting quiver (or lion's skin ?); in field 1., APIS; above r. hand,
;

owl

r.

10
11

116-3

120-5

M M

-85
-9

behind head,

E
;

letter behind, doubtful

border of dots.

two arrows
04,

visible in

1.

* See

i>.

HERACLEA
Metal
Size

87

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eevekse

hH PAKAH IHN
liead,

Similar type; border of dots.

beMnd

hH PAKAH inN
'

(in field r.)

;

Similar
field
1.,

12

116-1

one arrow visible in 1, in AOA, and one-handled vase 1.

type
;

-9

Circa

281268

B.C.

Didrachms
Reduced Weight
The fall
in weight at

Eeraclea

icas doubtless closely connected with that at Tarentum,

although the two events

may

not have been contemporaneous.

Head

crested wearing Pallas r., of Corinthian helmet, plain above, AAE;

;

hHPAKA[HinN] in field r.
naked, standing

Herakles,
club

facing, holding
;

behind,

EY

beneath,

downwards in
over
1.

r.

in

1.,

strung

bow
1.,

arm,
r.

lion's skin; in field

owl

13

99-5

^85
[|-HP]AKAEinN
which
sea-horse.

flying

Head

of Pallas

1.,

wearing crested Corinthian helmet, on

Herakles, naked, standing r., his r. resting on club r., his 1. holding lion's skin in field 1., [<J>]IAO; in field r., traces
;

of

Nike

flying

1.

1004

^8
[l-H]PAKAEinN
behind,
Similar type
r.

hH

Herakles, naked, wreathed, standing 1. he holds one-handled vase over altar in extended r., and club in 1. over 1. arm, lion's skin; in field r., thunderbolt.
;

15

99-5

JR

-8

Similar type, vrith earring and necklace but on helmet, Skylla hurhng rock; behiad, hA on flap of helmet,
;

hH PAKAH
;

Herakles, (in field 1.) I naked, facing, head r., crowning himself with r. in 1., club resting on ground ; over 1. arm, lion's skin, which falls over shoulder, one end hanging behiud, 1. the whole suspended by strap passing over r. shoulder in field 1., aplustre
; ;

r.,

<|>IAn

16

102-1

^85
[Plate
vi.

11.]

Beonze
Circa

330200
I

B.C.

Head
89-6

Persephone 1., bound with wreath of corn; border of dots.

of

[h]HPAKAE
leaves.

Bar

of barley,

with

-8

LUCANIA

No.

LAUt^1\[ETAP0NTUM

89

No.

AVeight

Met AT,
Size

Obversk

Rbveese

METAPONTUM
Silver
Circa
Mctdponhiiii
iron

550480

B.C.
B.C.
it

colon)/

of Siiharix.

In the sixth centnvjj

united

irith

other

Achaean

(Lnis, Syhnris, Cn iiliniiit, Ci-otini, etc.) in strilcincj coins of a iiervJitir fabric, on a st<indanl of 126 ijrtiiiis, the stater being suhdirided, as at Corinth, by three and by six*
cities

Staters
A\ ET
(in field
;

border
119-9

Ear of barley plain 1.) outside of whicli, border of

;

A\ET

(in field r.)

;

incuse

Same type as obv., border of incuse oblongs.

large dots.

1-15

Similar type; border of dots on raised band, edges of wliicb defined by lines.
2

Similar type, incuse radiating lines.

incuse

border

of

123-5

123-9

M M

1-1

'^ETfl

(in field

r.)

11

A^ETPk

(in field r.)

(Nos.

13

are of thin, spread fabric.)

Similar.

Similar.

112-4

Al

-8

AT3 M

(in field r.)

in

field

1.,

uncertain

symbol.
(No. 4
is

a restruck coin.)
vt.

[Plate

14,J

116-6

-e

A^ETA
mucb

(in

field

1.);

border doubtful;

-worn.

Third
/V^ETA
39-4
(in
field
r.)

Similar type;

Similar.

border of dots on raised band.

-7

Sixths
/V\EX
17-1

Similar type

border of dots,

Bucranium, incuse.
border doubtful.

M
M

-5

inscr., in field r.

[Plate
-5

vi.

15.]

19-1

mscr.,

m field

type varied; incuse border of radiating

1.

lines.

Btater

L-p::xS!S."SSr(S5Si"-t-^^^^^^

90

LUCAN"IA

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obversb

Eeverse

Circa
TJie

400360

B.C.

abimdance of the coinage^ as well as the peaceful character of the lijpes, indicates that this was for Metapontum an era, of prosperous development.

Staters
Female head
ring,
1.,

wearing spliendone, ear;

AA ETA
dots.)

(in

field

1.

letters

formed
r.

of

and
;

119-7

M M

barley
-8

necklace plain border.

behind,

ear

of

Ear

of barley, -with leaf

Similar head; plain border.

/V\

ETA
1.,

(in field

r.)

Ear

of barley

in

field
-8

murex-shell.

10

112-3

{BM.C,

p.

246

(71).]

Similar head

r.;

same border.

A\ E (upwards, in
wards,
in
field

field r.)
1.)

TA
of

(downbarley

Ear

plain border.

11

117-3

Al

-35

Female head
ing 12
118-9

1.,

hair rolled behind, wear-

A\ET[A]
Ear

(on

raised

label, in

field

1.)

earring

and necklace; border of

of barley,

with

leaf r.

in field

r.,

dots.

hHP
[Plate
vi.

-85

16.]

13

119-'

-85

same

die.

inscr., off coin.

Female head r., wearing earring waved and bound with double
crossed.

hair
fillet,

A\ETA

(in

field

r.)

Ear

of barley;

plain border.

14

118-7

/R

-95

Similar head, -without earring.

/^ET[A]
Avith leaf

(in
1.

field

r.)

Ear

of

barley,

15

120-

.51-85

hair Female head r., wearing necklace bound with double fillet, crossed, scarcely
;

5ET

(in

field

1.)

Ear

of

barley, -with

leaf r.

16

M M

separated behind; beneath neck, double line.

pi. -9

wavy
[Plate
vi.

17.]

Female head
earring
-85
;

r.,

wearing necklace

and

[AA]

ET

(in field

1.)

SimiW

type.

hair wa-vy.

17

112-

; ;

METAPONTUM
Weight

91

No.

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Female head ]., -weai-ing necklace liair bound with wreath of corn, from which hang down in front, an ear of barley, and behind, a leaf.
;

y^

ETA

(in field

field r., insect

Ear of barley 1.) resembhng mantis.

in

18

lis-

.11 -86

[Plate

vi.

18.]

Head of Zeus r., laur. in front, EAEY OEPI[OS]; behind. A; border of dots ?
;

MET [A]
with
beneath,

(in
1.
;

field

r.)

Ear
leaf,

of

barley,
r.

leaf

above

oinochoij

A
Ear
of barley,

lit

119

'J

Ai

-Si:

Head
20
122-

of Apollo

r., laur.,

hair very curly

AAETA
leaf r.

(in field

1.)

with

traces of letters

on edge of neck.

.R

-75

lixth

Young male head

21
12 1
.-R

1.,

with ram's horn.

META
leaf r.

(in field

1.)

Ear

of baxley, with

-45

Circa
this period,

350330

B.C.

7)}

or possihlij earlier {see No. 27), Mcliipoiilitm abandoned the Corinthian system ofdiridiiig the stater by three and by six.

t 6 r

Bearded head of mythical founder Leukippos r., wearing crested Corinthian behind, helmet, bound with wreath
;

A\ETA
leaf r.
;

(in field

1.)

Ear

above
<|>|

leaf,

of barley, with triquetra of legs

;

beneath,

22

12(r

AI
-9

[Plate

vi. 19.]

Similar head; helmet without crest or wreath behind, lion's head r.

;

AAETA
leaf
1.

(in field r.)

;

Ear

of barley,

with

above

leaf,

club

downwards

beneath,

AMI
off coin.

23

121-8

24

120-2

M M

-75
-8

part of symbol and of legend,

Similar head

behind, dog seated fore-paw raised ; beneath, S

;

1.,

with

META
leaf

(in field

1.)

Ear

r.;

above

leaf,

of barley, with dove with wings

openr.; beneath, AA\[I]

(symbol, almost oif coin.)

25
26

122-5

119-9

M M

-85
-8

in front,

[AEYKI]rroS

in front, traces of legend.

N 2

92

LUCANIA

No.

]\rETAPONTUM

93

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reveese

Similar type

r.,

but
;

in fi-ont of neck

liair does not appear behind,

A\ ETA
leaf
1.

(in field r.)

Bar

of barley, -with

40

lis-'

^R

-85

(no earring visible.)

above

leaf,

amphora

beneath, uncertain

letters.

41

121-3

A\

-85

no

letters behind.

above

leaf, satyr r.,

playing syrinx.

[Plate

vi.

23.]

Similar head

behind,

42

116-3

M M

Similar; but inscr. 1., leaf two amphorae beneath,

;

r.

above
I

leaf,

4>

-9

Similar
letters

head

1.

in

front,

uncertain

Traces of inscr. (in

field r.)

Ear of

barley,

(A X2 A

? ?)

with

43

between ear and beneath leaf, cultural fork

leaf
1.
; ;

leaf, agri-

121-

-8

A
with between

Head

of

Demeter

(or
;

Persephone

?)

1.,

/A

ET

(in field r.)

;

Ear
1.,

of barley,
;

44

120-9

M
/R

she wears earring, hair rolled behind necklace, and wreath of barley with border of dots. ears
;

leaf r.

in field
ear,

caduceus

which and

AY

-85

Similar type r. head larger behind, S or necklace

; ;

no earring

AAETA
leaf
1.
;

(in field

1.)

Ear
ant.

of barley,

with

in field

r.

45

112-6

-8

[Plate

vi.

24.J

46

115-6

.R

-8

border of dots.

Female head r. hair turned up behind, and bound with narrow diadem earring, and necklace.
;

[A\]ETAPONTINf2
(in field
1.)

on raised label

above
strap,

leaf,

Ear of barley, with leaf r. and attached to it by chincrest.

helmet without

47

118-6

.R

-8

IBM.C,
Female head r., wearing sphendone, ring, and necklace.
48
116-3

p.

254 (126).

ear-

[AM ETA PON

barley, with leaf
leaf.

(in
r.
;

field

1.)

Ear

of

above

leaf, laurel-

^85
Similar head
dots.
;

behind,

KPI

border of

M ETAP

(in field

1.)

Ear

of barley.

49

115-9

-8

Female head
lace
;

fillets,

r., wearing earring and neckhair bound with four parallel highest tying knot.

METAP
with

(in field
;

1.)

Ear

of

barley,

leaf r.

above

leaf,

50

120-1

-8

94

LUCANIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obveese

Reverse

Half -Staters
Head
of

earring,
flap.

Pallas (or Roma?) r., wearing and crested helmet, winged,

Ear

of barley,
r.,

with

leaf

on either

side

in
1.,

field

and ornamented
61
47-G

above wing and on

club downwards;

in field

^66
Similar liead
of
;

no earring

ornamentation

Ear

helmet

different.

of barley, with leaf r.^ above leaf, in field 1., /iclub downwards
;

62

47-5

M-65
Di obo Is
Head
of Persephone r., hair long, wearing wreath of barley, earring, and necklace.

AA ETA
leaf
r.
;

(in field

1.)

Ear

of barley, with
r.
;

above

leaf,

plough

beneath,

63

14-4

-5

Head
54
14-6

of

Pallas

r.,

wearing Corinthian

Similar

but above

leaf,

cornucopiae

no

helmet without

crest.

^65

letter.

Circa

212207

B.C.

At Meiaponhim, as

at Tarentum, there appears to have been

a ron'vid of monetary

activity cJuring the

Hannihalic occupation.

See p. 79.
1.)

Head

of Pallas r., in crested

;

Corinthian

AA ETA
leaf
r.
r.

(iu field
;

Ear

of barley, with

helmet

of late style.

above

leaf,

owl with wings

55

61-9

open
-8

[Plate

vi.

25.]

Bkonze
Circa

350272
A\
r.

B.C.

Hermes standing

1.,

wearing petasos and

1.
;

(in field r.)

;

Ear

of barley,

with

leaf

56

102-

chlamys, holding caduceus in r. arm extended over altar ? r., circle; border of dots.
-8

hand

in field

1.,

OBOAO[S]

in field

[Plate

vi.

2G.]

Head

57

112-2

of Nike r. back hair turned under she wears earring and necklace behind, beneath head, traces of N
;
;

A\

(in field
r.
;

1.)

Ear
1.,

leaf

in field
r.

KA

of barley, with ithyphallic term of

Hermes

-9

METAPONTUM
Metal
Sizp

95

No.

"Weight

Obvekse

Bevbbse

Similar head, -vvithout eai-ring or neck-

A\ E

Similar.

58

l-2S-i

lace
-8

no

letters visible.

Head
59
i2-

of

young Herakles in

lion's skin r.

/V\ETA
leaf r.

(in field

1.)

Bar

of barley,

with

-6

Bust of Pallas facing, wearing helmet with triple crest dress fastened with
;

Similar

but above

leaf,

torch with cross-

pieces.

clasp at neck.

60

51-

JE
A\ ETA
leaf
1.;

Female head
61
39-

1.,

wearing

laurel- wreath.

(in field r.)

Ear

of barley,

with

in field

r.,

tripod.

-65

Heads

of the Dioskouroi
piles.

r.,

each wearing

ME TA
starwise
;

wreathed

Three barleycorns, arranged between which, letters of

inscription,

and

star of eight rays.

62

34-5

J&

-6

[Plate

vi.

27.]

Bust
63
51-5

of Helios, full face, radiate.

A\ E
wise
;

-56

tion,

Three barleycorns arranged starbetween which, letters of inscripand lighted torch.

Bust of Hermes r., wearing large petasos with small wings drapery about neck.
;

Similar

but,
fo]'k.

instead

of

torch,

agri-

cultural

64

29-

-5

Head

of

Demeter

(or

Persephone?)

r.,

AA ETA
leaf
r.

(in field

1.)

Ear

of barley, with

hair rolled and bound with wreath of barley ; she wears earring and necklace.

65

34-

-55

Head
ivy.

of

Seilenos

r.,

wearing wreath of

Similar.

66

27-

-45

Young male head

67
19-

r,,

with ram's horn.

MET
leaf,

Similar type; above (in field 1.) uncertain symbol.

-4

9R

LUCANIA
Metal
Size

No.

Wei&ht

Obverse

Eeveksb

POSEIDONIA
Silver

drra 640-480

B.C.

Poseidonia was a colony from St/haris. Its earliest coins are of the same fabric as those of the Achaecm Monetary Confederation ; in weight and method of division, howeoer, they follow the system introduced by the founders of Velia (q.v.).

Campanian (Phocaean) Standard

D idrachms

AAOn
in

Poseidon, advancing r., hair tied knot behind and falling in formal curls over r. shoulder; he wears chlamys, ornamented and having pointed ends, falling over both shoulders, and strikes with ornamented trident in r. 1. arm extended cable border, with dots
; ;

MOT

Same figure as on obv., but seen from other side, incuse 1. hair falling down chlamys plain trident barely
; ;

visible;

wreath border.

enclosed.

llG-4

JR

1-2

r OAA

113-4

Similar figure, without curls trident and chlamys plain, but latter with ends divided Poseidon grasps in 1. a cuttle-fish same border.
;
;

MOT

Similar type; ends of chlamys square; no trident visible: same border.

1-15

[Plate

vii. l.J

Drachm.s

MOT

Poseidon, advancing r., hair in formal curls he wears chlamys, with pointed ends, falling over both shoulders, and stiikes with trident in r. 1. arm extended; in front, waterfalling
; ;

MOT
of

Similar type, with trident

;

ends

chlamys pointed

same border.

snake
46-1
.'R -8

r.

double border of dots.

POAA
ends
of

Similar type; hair in knot: chlamys square ; no symbol

AAOn
size
;

Similar type; ends of chlamys square; trident greatly exaggerated in

boi'der of dots.
o('>-r,

same border.

-85

POSEIDONIA
Metal
Size

97

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Circa
Eailji
the fiftlh centni-i/ B.C.

480400

B.C.

III

of

(liriaioii.

Poseidonia adopted the Achaean system of weight and About a hundred years later it was captured by the Lucainuiis, who changed its name to Paestum.

Staters
^3

124-2

M M M

O n Poseidon advancing r striking with trident held in r. 1. arm extended chlamys vfith pointed ends falls over both shoulders.
,
.

^3 MOT

Bull

1.,

in circular incuse.

-75

roA\E^
121-9
120-8

Similar.

Similar.

^
trident larger than usual
;

in inscr.

-75

^, off coin.

^, off coin.

rOAAE^
120-6

Similar; but chlamys with divided ends border of dots.

;

rOMEf

Similar.

-8

5 3 /^O n
square;
dots.

SiiVlar type ends of chlamys line oKex., dotted; border of

;

^3MOn

Bull

1.,

in circular incuse;

line of ex., dotted.

106-7*

^-75
[Plate
vii.

2.]

POME^
10
123-

plain
-7

Similar type; liue of ex., and uncertain symbol. behind,

^3 MOT

Bull

r.,

in circalar incuse.

^3A\on
;

11

123-

line of ex., Similar lype double plain border, within dotted which a border of dots.
;

<53A\on

Bulll.

-8

POME^
12
118-9

Similar type; ends of chlamys

A<53MOCn]
double.

Similar type

line of ex.

divided,
-8

(No. 12

is

a restruck coin.)
3.]

[Plate til

The

specific gravity is 10-4, so there

can be no question of plating.

VOL.

98

LUCANIA

No.

;;

POSEIDONIA PAESTUM
Metal
Size

99

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

fOjE
24
29-5

Similar type

left

knee bent

M
JE -65

forward.

Bull butting r. above, beneath bull, EY

;

caduceus

r.

Similar type
89-5

1.

knee straight.

Bull butting

r.

above, dolphin

r.

inscr. uncertain.

Similar type

ends of cklanays square.

Bull

r.

above, uncertain symbol (Nike

r. ?)

flying

26

30-

-6

ex., off coin.

Similar type
18-5
-

plain border,

no? El

Bullr.

^E

-55

behind, traces of letters ?

Poseidon advancing r., naked, striking with trident held in r. 1. arm extended;
;

Bull advancing 1. underneath bull,

above,

dolphin

1.

behind, thunderbolt.

37-5

-55

[Plate

vii.

5.

PAESTUM
Bronze
Circa

300268

B.C.

It is uncertain whether

Faestum strucl any

by the

coins before

it

was made a

'

colonia

'

Bomans

{circa

273

B.C.).

Head

of Poseidon

r.,

dolphin downwards
97-5

behind, laureated border of dots.

;

p/^I^TANO Winged
1.,

Eros on dolphin

holding wi'eath and trident.

M M

'85

symbol obscure,
[Plate
vii.

6.]

109-

-8

no border

visible.

100

LUCANIA

No.

PAESTUM
Metal
Size

101

No.

Weight

Obverse

Ee VERSE

Similar head

behind,

border of dots.

PAI^
r.
;

Forepart of
;

vfild

boar running

16

37-4:

M
Similar.

beneath,

plain border.

nA

Wild boar running

r.

17

53-8

-6

beneath, horn of a goat, and border.

plain

[Plate
18
43-3

vii.

8.]

-6
I

instead of horn,

QV\

border of dots.

Sescunc iae
Similar head
;

border of dots.

PAIJ

Wolf galloping

r.

above,

?;

plain border.

19

30-4 29-8

20

M M

-65
-55

behind head,

visible.

First

Century

B.C.

Paeatum loas the only provincial town in Italy permitted to strihe money after the passing of the Lex Platdia Papiria.

Semisses
Head
and
21
92of

trident

Poseidon r., lam-.; beliind, 9 border of dots.

;

PA ES
field
1.,

Anchor and rudder crossed border of dots. yv^

I
;

in

22

90-5

M M

-75
-7

(S, ofE coin)

in front, instead of behind.

Tr iens
Lion
r.,

open-mouthed,
line
of ex.,

and

with

tail

PAES
copiae

(letters
;

formed
1.
,

of dots)

Cornu*

erect;
dots.

dotted;

border of

in field

pilos of Dioskouros,
r.,

surmounted by

star; in field

23

37-8

-6

Before circa 31 A.D.

27(6

names are those of

local magistrates.

Semisses
Type
24
;

obliterated.

L F A> Two right hands clasped

plain

border.

45-

-bo

102

LUCANIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Revekse

PAE
25
69-

(in ex.)

Wild boar
;

M
M M M

his neck, Javelin

at bay r. beneath bim, J

in

L
[

ARTVE
]COMI
1

above which, lituns and

urceus.

-65

Similar.

ARTV

26

60-2

-65

C COAAI n- viR

PAE QVI
columns
-6
;

in field

27

86-5

Side of a temple with six r., ^J border of dots.

CN COR

M TVC PATR

within wreath.

Urceus

sacrificial

28

40-3

in field 1., branch; in field knife ? ; border of dots.

r.,

P/t
dots.
vii.

Anchor; in

field r.,

9; border of

-55

[Plate

9,]

Sextante s
Heads
pilos

of the Dioskouroi
laur.

r.,

each wearing
star;

L EX

Ear

and surmounted by

XXXX

of com beneath, uncertain.

;

border

29

46'

all
-5

within wreath.

Head

of

Artemis
;

r.,

haii' in

knot; behind
;

Pig
dots.

r.;

in ex.,

head,

border of

in

front, uncertain letters

border of dots.

30

35-9

2E

-5

P N

__?
SYBAEIS
Silver
Before 510
B.C.

Sijhans a memher of the Achaean Moaotarij Confederation,

the largest

locis

in the sixth century B.C.

and

richest city in the

llcUndc

leorld.
B.C.

It

loas destroyed by

the Crotoniates in

510

Staters

V A\
122-3

(in ex.) Bull standing 1., on dotted bar, turning his head round and biting his back ; dotted cable border.

Same

type as on obverse, incuse reversed incuse border of dots.

;

and

.R

1-1

YA^
135-9

(above)

Similar type; same border.

1-15

Similar, but incuse deeper; bull on double bar of short lines.

vii.

stands

[Plate

10.]

PAESTUM THURIUM
Metal
Size

103

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

A\V
122J:

(in ex.)

Similar type; border of

A\V

(above)

Similar type

bull stands
;

dots on band.

on a single bar
border.

of sloping lines

wreatb

.R 115

Third
Biill

standing

1.
;

on dotted

round as above
29-6

bar, turning dotted cable border.

Same

type as on obverse, but incuse and reversed bull stands on double line of incuse squares border of incuse squares.
;

.R

-7

no

inscr. visible

ninch worn.

Circa
Ikiring
tliis

453448

B.C.

period the Sybarites in vain attempted

to restore their city.

They had the

assistance of Poseidonia.

{Of. the Ohv. type of the folloioing coins.)

Sixths
Poseidon

advancing
;

r.,

striking

with
;

A\

Bull

r.

line of ex., double.

arm extended 1. trident held in r. cblamys with divided ends falls over both shoulders border of dots.
;

24-8

JR

-45

Similar
17-4
14-6

chlamys ends in

tassels

line

Similar:
dotted.

but lines of

ex..

M M

of ex., dotted.
-5

-5

[Plate

vii.

11.]

THURIUM
help them and in 443 B.c </. expatriated Sybarites appealed to Athens to been the terntory Athenians founded Thunnm in iohat had ''/.^i/^f"V.5 r all In l/'/ the West. Ionian influence menf loas intended to be an outpost of the type of the head ofPalUs ^Zbabilty it loas fro^n there that Ihe Thunans Eeraclea, Neapohs, Hyria, etc. helmet found its way into Velia, adopted the Achaean monetary system.

ne

-""^

-^^f

SlIiVEB

Circa

440420
Staters

B.C.

Head
114-8

r., wearing crested Athenian helmet adorned with olive-wreath.

of Pallas

OOYPIfl[N]
advancing
12.]
1.
;

Bull, with head down, in ex,, tunny-fish 1.

-9

[Plate

vii.

104

LUCANIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

EaVEKSE

Similar

head

larger.

[0]OYPin/\/
fish r.

Bull as above, but r.; between his forelegs, A in ex., tunny,

;

116-6

-85

Circa

420400

B.C.

State rs
Similar
;

head smaller.

OOYPI

Similar

no

letter.

^pl.-85

Similar.

Bull, with r. fore-foot raised, advancing in ex., tunny-fish r. r.

;

118-2

M
[Plate
Similar
;

no
vii.

inscr. visible,

13.]

but in

olive- -wreath, ivy-leaf.

OOYPin[N]
advancing
r. r.

Bull, with head lowered, on dotted bar; in ex.,

120-

JR

tunny-fish

117-9

much worn.

119-1

Similar type r. on helmet, sea-horse with curled wing; ends of hair gathered into bunch behind,
; ;

[GJOYMHA/

Similar type
I.;

1.;

beneath,

pilos; in ex., tunny-fish plain.

line of ex.,

-85

[Plate
Similar type on helmet, running griffin ends of hair loose.
;

vii.

14.]

OOYPin[N]
beneath bull
;

Similar type
in ex.,

r.

nothing
r.

115-7

-85

same symbol

Similar type on helmet, wreath of olive in front of forehead, F

;

OOYPin/\/
advancing
tunny-fish
1.
;

Bull,

^^^fll

head lowered,

beneath

bull,

in ex.,

115-8

r.

-85

Similar

no

lettei*.

QOYPinN
raised
bull,

Bull,

with
r.
;

r.
;

fore-foot

and

tail erect,

butting r.

beneath

I;

in ex., fish

line of ex.,

10

L28-

^l

-9

dotted.

Similar.

Similar
bull
;

but symbol
r.,

1.

no

letter beneath

11

120-3

-9

in field

JJ

THURIUM
Metal
Size

lOE

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Similar type v^reatli varieil, with berries; in front of forehead, <t>

;

OOYPIIIN
raised
fish
r.

Bull,

with
butting

1. 1.
;

fore-foot

and
;

tail erect,

beneath
in ex.,

bull, bird

with open wings

1.;

line of ex., double.

12

121-7

Al

-9

[Plate

vii.

15.

Sixths
Head
13
17-6
of Pallas r., in crested Athenian helmet bound with olive-wreath.
1

OOYPIIIN
walking
r.
;

Bull, with head lowered, in ex., fish r.

/R-45

Similar.

OOYPI[nN]
symbol
1.

Similar type

1.;

same

14 15
16

16-7 17-6 17-3

M M M
M

-45
-5

in front of forehead,

-45

55

55

l-

Similar

letter uncertain.

OOYPtfl[N]
symbol
r.

Similar;

but type and

17

16-6

-5

Circa

400281

B.C.

Dist ate rs
The
majoritij of tie following specimens belong to the latter half of the period. Prohahly only No. 18 is earlier than circa 350 B.C.

Head

18

241-5

of Pallas r., wearing necklace and crested Athenian helmet, on the side of which is a Skylla with 1. hand raised to her head, and on the flap a gi-iffin.

[0]OYPIfl[N]
raised

Bull, with

r. r.

fore-foot
;

and

tail erect,
r.

butting

in ex.,

tunny-fish

1-

19

239-1

Similar type; ends of hair gathered in bunch behind neck, owl Skylla holds trident in r. on flap of helmet,
;

GOYPIflN

EYO

Similar type; above, SflT; beneath, P{ and bird with open wings r. ; in ex., two tunny-fishes r.

1-

[Plate

vii.

16.

Similar type, with earring ends of hair, behind head, dolphin r. off coin flap of Skylla hurls stone with r.
;

OOYPIf2[N]
Sl/V\
;

Similar type

above bull,

in ex.,

tunny -fish

r.

helmet, plain.

20

239VOL.
I.

1-

no necklace

visible.

106

LUOANIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weisht

Obverse

Eevebse

Similar

21

241-

M
M

ends of hair behind head.

;

loose

nothing

Similar but above bull, S| in ex., two dolphins meeting between them, tripod.
;
;

1-

Similar

ends of hair falling in curls,

Similar but above bull, EY<I>A two tunny-fishes r.

;

in ex.,

22

228-3

11

no necklace.

Similar

23

245-

vidthoTit earring or necklace ends of hair gathered in bunch Skylla holds trident in r.
; ;

Similar; but in
ex.,

ex.,

thjrsos

r.

line of

dotted.

1-15

Similar type, with necklace and earning ends of hair loose Skylla hurls stone
;

OOYPIflN
[E]Y
<I>P,

Similar

type;
1.,

in

ex..

and owl

flying

holding

with

r.

wreath; line of

ex., plain.

24

242-9

JR

1-2

(E

obliterated through fault in die)

Similar type, without necklace or earring ends of hair gathered in bunch.

;

OOYPiriN
head
r.,

Similar type

in ex.,

lion'i

between

25 26

238-6

.^ 1-05

and

PA

244-1

M
A

1-1

instead of lion's head, cornucopiae.

Similar type with necklace

behind neck,

OOYPin[N]

Similar type; above

bull,
r.

S
1-

in front, acrostolion ?

27

238-9

in ex., coiled serpent, advancing

Head

of Pallas

r.,

wearing necklace, ear;

YPinN
branch
r.,

Sunilar type

in ex., lam-el-

and crested Athenian helmet, on the side of which running griffin ends
ring,

between

HP

and

AK

28

241-8

of hair loose.
1-

[Plate

vii.

17.]

Staters
Nos.

2944

later in style.

were prohahhj issued he/ore circa 350 B.C. tie rest of the series The work of Ifoiossos (iVo.9. 43, 44) conies about the beginning of this period.*
;

is

Similar type
lace ?)
;

1,,

on
1.
;

trident in

29

with earring (and neckhelmet, Skylla holding behind head, _ _

YPin[N]
r.
;

(in

ex.)

.11 pi. -8

fore-foot raised

and

tail erect,
r.,

Ball, with r. butting

bull.

above, Nike flying

crowning

[Plate

vii.

18.]

* See A. J. Evans in Num. Chron., 3rd Series, vol. xvi. pp. 138 ff., for an interesting disousaion of the (lryoli,R.iit of the type of the butting bull. Dr. Evans's argument as to the date of the artist <l> is linwevor, inconsistent with No. 12 supra.

THURIUM
Metal
Size

107

No.

Weight

Obvekse

Reverse

Similar

tyjie,

Sky 11a holds her

30
108-7

without eariHiig or necklace; r. hand to her head.

OOYPIilN

(above)
ex.,

without Nike; in

Similar type, tunny-fish r.

,R -85

31

1191

Similar type
-85

r.

Skylla holds oar in

1.

Similar.

117-9

M M
JR

Similar type ends of hair in bunch Skylla holds trident in r.

;

Similar

line of ex., dotted.

-85

33

.llpl.-75

beneath bull,
necklace, doubtful traces of letters ?
;

34

120-6

-75

on

flap

of

helmet,

above bull,

<t>

120-

-8

necklace, doubtful

ends of hair,

off coin.

above bull, spray of olive

ex.,

blank.

Similar type, without necklace ends of Skylla holds her 1. hand to hair loose her head.
; ;

Similar
ex.,

but beneath bull, olive-leaf

r.

1.

in

tunny -fish

36

118-

JR, -8

Similar

ends of hair gathered in bunch.

O OY P

II N
1.
;

Similar type

beneath

bull, ivy- leaf

line of ex., plain.

37

123-6

-8

ex., ofi coin.

[Plate
Similar type, -with necklace ends of hair Skylla hurls stone with r. loose
;

vii.

19.J

[0]OYPin[N]
symbol
r.
;

Similar type;
ex.,

same
;

in

tunny -fish

r.

ex.

marked
38
121-4

of

by plain

line above dotted

M M

-8

Similar

Skylla holds oar over

r.

shoulder.

OOYPinN
plain, resting
ex., off coin.

Similar; but line of ex.

on waves.

39

122-4

-8

ends of hair gathered in Similar type bunch ; Skylla holds trident in r.

;

0OYPI[nN]
bull,

Similar type;

above
line

ex.

marked

off

by plain

above dotted one.

40

1161

M
M

-85

Similar

on

flap of helmet,

GOYPinN
tunijy-fish
r.
;

Similar

type;

in

ex.,

line of ex., plain. p 2

41

116-7

-9

108

LUCANIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weisht

Obverse

Reverse

42

118-7

ends of Similar type, -nathout necklace hair loose Skylla kolds rudder over 1. shoulder bekmd head, "
;

Similar

but bull stands on waves

border

of dots.

-85

[Plate vn. 20.]

Similar type (with necklace ?) holds her 1. hand to her head

Skylla border

0OYPIN
on
bar,

Similar type
;

bull stands
of dots.

43

119-3

dots.
-8

in ex.,

on which, tunny -fish r. border

MOAOSSOS;

Similar type
shoulder.

Skylla holds rudder over

1.

OOYPinN
on
bar,

Similar type; bull stands

on

which
?)
;

minute

letters

(MOAO^SOS
44
120-7

border of dots.

85

iu ex., traces of symbol.

Similar type, with necklace ends of hair gathered in bunch Skylla hurls stone.
;

OOYPII2N

Similar type; above bull,

r.

Sn
bull
(or

in ex., dolphin

45

122-5

M M

-75

stands

?)

on waves and E

beneath

it,

I
no

46

123-9

-75

bull

stands on dotted line

of

ex.

letters

beneath

inscr., off coin.

Similar

on

flap of helmet,

SXl

OOYPinN
tunny -fish
r.

Similar

type;

in

ex.,

47

120-5

M
JR

-85

above

bull,

Sfl

line

of

ex.,

double

(dotted

on

plaia).

48

124-7

-8

hair loose

Skylla holds trident in

r.

12 N,

off

coin;

beneath

bull,

S H;

line of ex., siugle.

Similar ends of hair in bunch hurls stone with r.

;

Skylla

OOYPiriN
SfiP;
r.
;

Similar type

above

bull,

49

119-6

M M

beneath, bu'd with wings open

-8

ex., off coin.

Similar.

Inscr.,

off

coin.
;

Similar type;

above
;

bull,

60

120-8

-85

ex.,

underneath, /^ tunny -fish r.

EY0Y

in

Similar type ends of hair loose holds trident in r.

;

Skylla

[0]OYPin[N]
bull,

Snr
wing

in

curled

61

120-7

r.;

JR

-9

no

Similar type; above ex., sea-horse -with line of ex., dotted

letters visible

on helmet.
[Platk
VII.

21.

THURIUM
Metal
Size

109

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eeveese

Similar.

[O] O Y P
neath,

N]
;

Similar type

underr.

S ri r

in ex., tunny-fish

52

117-3

JR

-8

Similar type, -without necklace hair gathered in bunch.

ends of

[0]OYPm[N]
EY<I>A
;

63

121-1

Sunilar type; above, in ex., tunny-fish r. line of ex., double (plain above dotted).
;

-75

Head

ring,

of Pallas r., -wearing necklace, earand crested Athenian helmet, on

griffin.

OOYPIflN

EY0A
beneath,

Similar in ex., thyrsos

type;
r.

above,

"which running

54

121-S

M M

-86

A A

hue

of ex., broken.

[Plate

vii.

22.]
;

55

121-1:

-85

A A
Head
of Pallas r., -wearing crested Athenian helmet, on -which Sky 11a, holding ends of hair gathered in bunch. trident
"J

liue of ex., continuous.

0OYPII2N
tunny-fish
r.

Similar type;

in

ex.,

56
57

120-

120121-1

58

M M M

-8

beneath
above
))

bull,

|-P

line of ex., dotted,

-85

bull,

H*
J5

line of ex., plain.

-85

5J

))

69

116'8

Similar type, with necklace stone -with r.

-8

Skylla hurls

OOYPIflN

Similar type; same symbol; but above bull, PA

Similar

but Skylla holds trident in

r.

Similar

but
r.

above

bull,

in

ex.,

dolphin

60

119-6

-85

[Plate

vii.

23.]

Similar type, -with earring (and necklace?) Skylla hurls stone vvith r.

Sunilar;

but above tunny -fish r.

bull,

OE;

in ex.,

61

116-

-8

ends of hair,

off coin.

Similar type
of dots.

ends of hair loose

border

OOYPIflN

Similar type; above bull,

OE
ia ex., star of eight rays.

star of sixteen rays.

62

120-2 120-8
121-2

iR

-85
-8

63

64

M ^

-8

laurel-branch

r.

; ;

110

LUCA]SriA

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obvebse

Eevebse

Similar

necklace quite

visible.

OOYPCIXIN]
bull,

Similar
;

type;

SAM
r.

in

ex.,

AM

above
lion

and

65

118-5

-8

running

66

122-2

Similar type, without necklace or earring ends of hair in bunch on flap of helmet, | border of dots. ;
;

OOYPI[I2N]
bull, torch
r.
;

in ex.

Similar type; tunny-fish

,

above
r.

-85

[Plate

viii.

l.J

67

125-9

M
M

Similar type of helmet,

-85

ends of hair loose

on

OOYPin[N]
torch
r.

Similar type;

in

ex.,

Similar type, of later style

curls
-9
;

hair falls in

OOYPII2[N]

Similar.

no

letters.

68

123-1

Similar type, head considerably smaller, with necklace ends of hair loose Skylla holds trident in r. behind head,
; ;

0OY[PinN]
;

69

120-6

KAA
-85

Similar type; above, underneath, 1 in ex., wreath-bearing Nike, flying r.

KAA;

Similar but Pallas vs^ears earring, while Skylla hurls stone with r.
;

0OYPin[N]
S A\
I

Similar

type;

above,

same symbol.

70

122-5

-85

only traces of letters visible.

Similar; behind head,

AA

(? or

AM ?) OOYPin[N]
caduceus
r.
;

Similar type;
line of ex., dotted.

in

ex.,

71

120-2

1-05

Head

of

Pallas

r.,

in crested Athenian
;

OOYPin[N]

helmet, on which runniag griffin

ends

Similar type; above bull, ia ex., coiled serpent with crest r.

72

121-9

of hair loose.
-8

Sixths
Nos.

7375

loere

prohaUy

issued before circa

350

B.C.

the others later

Head
73
20-

of Pallas r,, wearing crested Athenian helmet adorned with water-

OOYPinN
raised

Bull,
tail erect,
r.

with

r.
r.

fore-foot
;

and

butting

in ex.,

snake.
-8

tunny-fish

[Pr,ATP,

VIII.

2.]

THURIUM
Metal
Size

111

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Similar type

but on helmet, Skylla.

Similar.

71

16-

.H

-5

Skylla holds

1.

hand

to her head.

16-3

.R

-5

Skylla holds

].

hand extended.

Similar type
17-3

Skylla holds trident in

r.

Similar

but line of

ex.,

double.

.^

-45

Similar type (with necklace hurls stone with r.

?)

Skylla

OOYPIIIN
above,

Similar type.

77

15-1

.R

-45

ends of hair,

ofi coin.

AA

'*
;

in

ex.,

traces
?)

of

symbol

(two dolphins meeting

78

14-;

-45

ends of hair gathered ia bunch.

above,

5fl?;

ex., off coin.

Similar type ornament on helmet obliterated ends of hair loose.

; ;

Inscr.

illegible.
r.

Similar type;

in

ex.,

thyrsos

79

16-5

.R

-5

Similar head, wearing crested and winged helmet ; ends of hair loose.

OOYPIXIN
inscr., off coin,

(in

ex.)
r.,

Similar type;

above, Nike flying

crowning

bull.

80
81

17-7
16-

.R

-4

-45

behind Kike,
[Plate
viii.

3.]

Circa

281268

B.C.,

or later.

The

weiijht

beginning of the third century of the stater falls about the just as at Tarentum and Hevaclca.

B.C.,

Staters
Head
of

Apollo

r.,

laur.,

hair

long;

OOYPIflN
foot

(in ex.)

Bull, with
tail

1.

fore-

beneath,

EY

raised and full face; above,

erect,

showing

IHI

82

100-5

M M

-86

type

r.

[Plate

viii.

4.

83

101-

-S

112

LUCANIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obveese

Reverse

Beonzb
After circa 281
B.C.

Head
84
85
75-5

of Apollo

1.,

laur., hair long.

OOYPf

M
JK

UN

Tripod-lebes, with neck and three handles.

-7

91'5

-6

Similar.

OOY

PinN
[7^

rive-stiinged

lyre

86

65-

beneath,
-6

Head

of Apollo

r.,

laur., hair long.

O YPinN
.
;

87

135-6

Artemis, wearing short chiton and endromides, advancing r. in her r. hand, torch in 1., two javelins at her feet, dog r. looking up border of dots.
; ;

-85

VELIA
Velia was founded circa 540 B.C., hy Phocaeans who had abandoned their home rather than yield to the Persians under Harpagus. Of its history practically nothing is hiown. It shares with the sister colony IlaHHilla the type the lion

and

the

weight

of

the

drachm

(60 grains).

characteristic of Campania.

of of This Phucacnu' standard became See also under Poseidonia.

'

Silver
Circa

540500

B.C.

Obol
Forepart of lion devouring prey.
I

Incuse square, quartered.

JR

-3

Circa

500450

B.C.

Di dra c hms

YEAH
119-5

(much worn; in ex.) about to spring r. above, A

;

Lion,

Female head

M
AX

r., with necklace (and earring ?), hair bound with diadem and turned up behind all in cu'cular incuse.
;

-i::

Similar type
line of ex.

above, 9 border of dots double (dotted upon plain).

;

YEA HTflN

Similar.

113-8

-85

THURIUM VELIA
Weight

113

Metal
Size

No.

Obverse

Reverse

Female head

r., wearing necklace liair (represented by dots) bound, tied, and turned up behind.
;

YEAHTEflN

Lion about

to spring

r.

113-9

Jx

-8

Drachms
Female head
style
r.,

with necklace
fillet

archaic

YEAH

61-

up
-6

hair behind.
;

bound with

and turned

Owl on olive-branch deep circular incuse.

r.

all

in

[Plate

viii.

5.]

Female head

r.,

with necklace

hair rolled

YEAH

Similar type.

611

M M

behind
-6

style

more advanced.

Similar
56-7
-6

behind,

HABY
450400

Similar type

1.

Circa

B.C.

Didr achm

YEAH
lace
;

Female head r., wearing neckhair tied with narrow stephane and turned u.p behind.
[Plate

AH

(in

ex.)

Lion about to spring

;

r.

hne

of ex., dotted

border of dots.

115-1

-8
viii.

6.]

Drachms
Female head
r.,'

diademed

hair waved.

Y EAH
viii.

Owl on

olive-branch

r.

631
60-2
59-3
50-1

M
M M M

-7

[Plate

7.]

10
11 12

-65
-7

behind,

A
behind,

type
,,

1.

typel.

-65

no

letter.

Circa

400268

B.C.

Didrachms
Athenian "Head of Pallas 1., wearing crested adorned with olive-leaf? and helmet,
griffin; behind,
<I>

Lion leaping on stag

r.

beneath

,M

13

115-1
VOL.
r.

-85

114

LUCANIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eeveese

Similar
1-1

head,

with

necklace

helmet

[Y]EAHT..

Similar type.

116-3

adorned with
-8

olive- wreath.

Head

of Pallas

crested grifBn
;

r., wearing necklace and Athenian helmet, on which flap ornamented above,
;

YEAHTI2N
double.

Similar type

line of ex.,

behind,

<|)

15

115-9

^86
[Plate
viii.

8.]

Similar head

1.,

without necklace
;

ment on flap of helmet, different

within small square,
|

ornabehind,
;

YEAHTHN
exergual line.

Similar type

1.;

no

16 17

106-2
112-

18

113-9

M M M

-85
-9

above,

A
A

above,

ornament varied.

inscr.,

partly off coin.

J?

-85

in front,

<t>

5)

Similar type

but

flap of

helmet plain.

YEAHTflN
border.
in ex.,

Lion prowling

r.

plain

19

113-8 115-9

20

M M

-9

behind,

T
;

owl

fliying r.

-85

type

r.

behind,

<!>

in ex.,

bunch

of grapes.

Similar type

21

115-4

M
^

r. but on flap ornament (or monogram '?).

;

of helmet,

YEAHTIIN
lion,

Similar type;

beneath

-8

Similar

flap of

helmet ornamented.

YEAHTilN
viii.

(in ex.)

Lion prowling

r.

22

112-8

-9

[Plate

9.

23

116-8

-9

beneath

lion,

Similar type

1.

flap of

helmet plain.

YEAHTflN
above,

(in ex.)
r.
;

Lion prowling
beneath,

r.

24
25
26

117-3
114-1
114-

m M
iR

owl

flying

-8

-95

behind,

-85

behind,

T Q

no

letter

beneath

lion.

VELIA
Metal
Size

115

No.

WEICiHT

1121
2S 29
110-3

M
A\

-85
-9

1171
115-3 116-3 109-5

.R

-85 -95
-9

30
31

M M
.R

32

-95

33

115-

-8.:

34
35 36 37 38

117-9
115-6

115-2
112-7 114-5

M M M M M

-9

-95 -85 -85

39

112-8

40
41

114-8

42

116-6

43

116-3

; ;

116

LUCANIA
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Ebveese

Head
lace,

of Pallas

1.,

and

crested

44

M
115-3

adorned -with ends of hair loose.

pi. -85

wearing earring, neckAthenian helmet, dolphin on flap, <|>

;

Similar but no letter beneath, and, instead of ear of barley, trident r. border of
;

dots.

Similar bnt on helmet, curled -wing no letter.

; ;

sea-horse -with

Similar

but no border,

45

JR

-9

46

115-3

47 48

115-2
113-

M M
JR

Similar type r. but on helmet, griffin with curled wing ends of hair in curls above,
; ; ;

Similar

but,

instead of trident, penta-

gram.

-85 -85
-85

(same die)
in front,
<t>

Head

of Pallas

1.,

weai-ing crested Atheflap

nian helmet, on which

YEAHTI2N

(in ex.)
r.
;

Lion prowling
plain border.

r.;

49

116-8

hair wa-s^ behind, fi(

-95

on

ends of of helmet, <|)

griffin
;

above, oaduceus

Head
50
114-3

of Pallas I., wearing crested Athenian helmet, on which olive-wreath ends of hair loose.
;

YEAHTUN

(in ex.)

Lion prowling

r.

.R

-9

51

115-1

M
JR

Similar type r., with earring (and necklace ?); border of dots.
-85

YEAHTnN (above)

Lion prowling r.

in ex., bunch of grapes.

52

117-3

Similar type earring and necklace doubtful ; ends of hair, off coin ; no border.
;

-85

YEAHTflN beneath, N

(above)
;

Lion prowling
r.

r.;

in ex., thyrsos

53

115-5

^8

Similar type 1. ; head of hair loose.

much

smaller

ends

Similar,

Head

of Pallas r., wearing crested Athenian helmet, on which griffin ends of hair gathered in bunch flap of helmet,
;

YEAHTIiN
beneath,

(in ex.)
;

Lion prowling

].:

>E

plain border.

plain.

54
55

115-3
116-

^l
JR

-9

-95

above,

<

[Plate

viii.

13.]

VELIA

11^

No.

118

LUCAJSTIA

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

68 69 70
71

114-4
116-1

115-2
116-1

72

115-8

73

113-7

112-6
10

114-5

7G 77
115-

78 79

111-4
115-7

80

115-3

81

113-2

82

115-7

83

115-

84
86

VELIA

119

No.

120

BRUTTIUM
Metal
Size

No.

Wbisht

Obverse

Sevekse

Brdttium

BRUTTII
The Bruttii first became prominent circa 356 B.C. The date of the commencement of their coinage is fixed by the fact that in standard and, to some extent, in type They espoused the cause it is modelled on the pieces struclc in Italy by Pyrrhus. of Hannibal, and loere completely crushed by Borne at the end of the Second
Punic War.
Circa

281203
Gold

B.C.

Euboic-Attio Standard
Dracbni
Head
of Poseidon, diademed 1. trident r. beneath, dolphin 1. border of dots.
; ;

behind,

BPETTinN
;

and

Thetis?, veiled and draped, seated 1. on sea-horse swimming r. she supports with r. Eros
1.
;

bending bow
dots.

at foot of Eros,

P; in

field r., star of

eight rays

border of

65-3

-65

[Plate viil 21.

Hemidrachm
Head
I;

of bearded
;

Herakles 1., wearing lion's

cornucopiae
;

BPETTinCN]

(in ex.)

Mke in gallop-

skin

behind,

beneath,

border of dots.

32-6

ing biga r. ; beneath horses, h, and thunderbolt between two crescents border of dots.

-5

Silver*
Bust of winged Nike r., wearing broad diadem and earring, her hair gathered into a knot behind with a fillet drapery about neck border of dots.
;

BPETTinN

(in field 1.)

Figure of

Pan naked, horned, facing, crowning himself with r., and holding in 1. a hunting-spear chlamys over 1. arm
;

border of dots.
69-6

Al

-8

below,

in field r., F and rhyton ending in forepart of animal.

* It

is

:Num.

p. 77)

uncertain on what standard the following coins are struclc. that they are Attic octobols.

Mr.

Head

suggests (Hist.

BRUTTII
Metal
Size

121

No.

Weight

72-7

.R

-75

12

72-4 74-5

13

14

70-7

15

72-1

16 17

24G241-

18
19

25.V
21.
1

VDL.

1,

122

BRUTTIUM

No.

ERUTTII

123

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obvekse

Bevekse

Similar type same symbol obscure ; border of dots.

;

value-marks

32

.E 1-05

Similar type

border of dots.

33

21!}-

.E 1-05

34

254-

1-

beneath, thunderbolt (or harpa

?)

Head

of

behind,
dots.

young Herakles r., in s-word upwards

;

lion's skin

border

of

35
36

240-5

1-1

269-5

.E 1-05

no symbol

visible.

Head
bolt

of
;

Zeus

r.,

laur.

behind, thunder-

border of dots.

37

106-5
116-

m,

-85

38

39

145-5
132-

40

41

174128-

42
43

110-

^ m M

1-

-9

-9

124

BEUTTIUM
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

44
45
46 47

96-

M
iE

-85
-8

113' 119120-

48

119-5

M M M

-8

-85
-8

49

129120134107-

60
51

M M M
JE

-9

-85
-9

52 53

-9

126-5

-9

54

93-5

-SE

55

91-5

^
M

-8

56
57

56787760-

58
59

60
61

63-6
60-

BRUTTII

125

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Head

of winged Nike 1., wearing earring and necklace; hair bound with broad diadem, and gathered into a knot with
fillet

BPETTinN

(in

ex.)

Zeus,

naked,
;

behind

border of dots.

he thundering in galloping biga r. beneath grasps staff and reins in 1. horses, symbol border of dots.
; ;

62

63-

.E
2E

-6

crab.

63
64
65 66

46-5
58-

-6

2E -65

beneath head, traces of symbol,

bucranium.

59-

65-5

M M
^

-7

beneath head, thunderbolt.

owl

flying

1.

-7

racing torch, horizontally placed

1.

[Plate
67
66-5
-7

ix.

6.]

bunch

of gi-apes.

Similar.

BPETTinN

(in ex.)

Similar type
1.

r.

beneath horses, plough

68 69

48-

55-5

M M

-65 -65

place of symbol, off coin.

type

r.

beneath head, traces of symbol

Head of Thetis ? 1., wearing head-dress made of a crab's shell, the legs visible
above and beneath
;

TinN

BRET

Crab

plain border.

border of dots.

70

41-5

2E

-65

Siniilar

type smaller.

B P ET TlflN

Crab

plain border.

71

21-

^ M

'55

above, bucranium.

[Plate

ix.

7.j

72

21-

-6

above, cornucopiae.

Similar type

r.

in front, thunderbolt

border doubtful.

BPET TIHN

Crab; above, plough

border.

1.

^plain

73

27-

-55

Head

of Pallas

1.,
;

74

12-5

thian helmet and tied in a bunch behind.

-45

wearing crested Corinhair falling over neck

BPETTinN

Owl

r.,

on bar.

126

BRUTTIUM
Metal
Size

No.

Weisht

Obverse

Eeveese

CAULONIA
Caulonia was a very early Achaean colony. Its characteristic coin-type has not yet been satisfactorily explained.

Silver
Circa

550480

B.C.

The

city

loas

a member of the Achaean Monetary Confederation, whose See under Metapontum. it always followed.

standard

Staters

KAVf*

Naked

arotaic

male
;

figure

Same

advancing r. on dotted line liair bound with diadem, and falling in ringlets in raised r., a brancli on outstretched 1. arm, a small figure, holding a branch in each hand, running r., looking back;
;

large figure incuse 1., bearing branch in relief in raised hand ; on other arm, small figure in outline in relief ; in front, stag 1., looking back, incuse; border of incuse oblongs.

in front, stag

back
122-4 122-3

r. on dotted line, looking dotted cable border.

M M

1-25
1-25

small figure weai-s winged sandals.

small figure varied, no sandals.

only traces of small figure.

[Plate
109-8

ix.

8.]

1-2

^Vfl>l no border

visible

much worn.

large figure's hands empty.

^1

VA >|

archaic male figure, hair r. a long branch, and on outstretched 1. arm a small figure running r. and looking back in front, stag r. on plain line, looking back broad plain border.
in ringlets, bearing in raised
;

Naked

Large figure and stag as on obv., reversed and incuse incuse border of radiating
;

lines.

4
6

117-3
114-1

JR

-9

in field

r.,

crane
;

r.

in relief,
visible.

-85

VA/1

no border

visible.

no symbol

no border

Third
'1Vfl>l
34-4
Similar types
;

raised border of

Similar types.

dots.

-65

;;

CAULONIA
Metal
Size

127

No.

Weight

Obverse

Beveese

Circa

480388

B.C.

In 388

B.C.

Cauloniii fi-U into the hands of Diuii/jsiua of Sijrdcuse.

Staters

KAV

Naked male figure advancing r. on dotted line, "wearing hair long, holding branch in raised r., and on extended 1. arm a small figure running r. in front, stag r. on dotted line, looking
;

VA>1
growing.

Stag

r.;

in front,

a sapling

back.

Al

pi.

line of ex., dotted.

AVA>I
short

Similar;
hair,

but large

figui'e

and running

figure

has has

AVA>I

Similar type; border of dots.

sapling varied

drapery on arm.
8
9

119-3
118-8

M M

-85
-8

drapery on

1.

arm.
;

drapery on both arms border of dots.

inscr.

illegible

[Plate

ix.

9.]

Similar figure advancing r., -with branch on extended 1. arm, traces in raised r. of small figure ? in front, stag behind,
; ; ;

Stag

r.

bucranium.
10
110-1

-85

[KAVAOA/^AT] A A/
;

Similar figure advancing v., with branch in raised r. in extended 1. hand, ivy-leaf with long border of small stalk; in front, stag r.
oblongs.

KAVAOA/^ATAA/
front,

Stag

r.;

in

of oblongs.

ivy -leaf with long stalk; Ime ex. and border, formed of small

11

115-

Al

-85

[Plate

ix.

10.]

Similar figure advancing

in raised
r.
;

r.,

with branch

KAY An

[- -J

Stag

r.

be-

plain border.

neath stag,

12

115 3

M M
^

-85

Similar type

in field

wards in
;

field r.,

1., dolphin r., updolphin 1., downwards.

Stag

r.

13

114-

-8

[KAYAfl]

beneath,

JATAIA/

14

111-5

-9

dolphin in

field

1.,

ofi coin,
I

KAYAfl

beneath,

ATA

128

BRUTTIUM
Metal
Size

No.

Weisht

Obveesb

Reverse

Third

VAM
15 40-2

front, stag
-6

Similar figure advancing r. on bar border of dots.

;

in

VAM

Stag

r.

in front, sapling growing.

CONSENTIA
The
coins of Consentia are anterior to the time lolien the town became the metropolis of the Bnittii.

Beonze
Circa

400356

B.C.

Head
87-5

of Ai-es

r.,
;

weailng crested Corinabove,

thian helmet

KnS

crescents, horns

Thunderbolt beneath, downwards.

;

three

-75

CROTON
Silver
Circa

650480

B.C.

Croton [founded by Achaeans 710 B.C.) was a member of the fjreat Achaean Monetary Confederation, for which see under ME't'APONTUM. Its coinage throughout is on the Achaean system.
' '

Staters

9^0
leg.s

(in

field

1.)

ending in

lion's feet; it
is

handles,

and

the has three surmounted by two

Tripod-lebes,

Same type

as

on obverse, incuse.

serpents' heads.

95-6

Al

1-

border, ofE coin.

9I>0

(in field 1.) Similar tripod, with three handles; between the legs, two serpents facing each other ; raised border

Tripod incuse, having three handles in relief incuse border of dots.

;

of dots.

122

-12

Al 115

0<?9
field

(in field
1.,

r.)
;

Similar tripod;
;

crab

line of ex., dotted

in raised

border of dots.

Similar type but between legs, two pents' heads in relief, back to back
;

ser;

in

field
1-,

dolphin upwards; incuse border of radiating

1.,
;

cuttlefish

in field

r.,

127

/R

lines.
1-

[PLATJi

IX,

11.

CONSENTIA CROTON
Metal
Size

129

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eeverse

9 PO
107-4

(in

field

1.)

Similar type

in

9^0

(in

field

1.)

Similar type;
boi'der obscure.

in

field r.,

crane

1.;

line of ex., dotted;

field r.,

crane

1.;

same border.
1-05

[Plate

ix.

12.]

9R0
'

(in

field

1.)
1.
;

Similar type

in

Tripod-lebes,

field r.,

crane

line of ex., plain

incuse radiating lines.

incuse

border

of

border of dots.
117-3
118-3 116-2

.R

-S

M M

-8

inscr., uncertain.

-75

,,

crane

r.

border not

visible.

09 9
field

(in field r.)

1.,

Similar type

in
;

Similar.

crane

r.

in ex., traces of letters

border of dots.
116-3

JR

-85

-_/VI?

OS 9
9
123-

Similar type
1.
;

in field, crane
r.

r.

Tripod-lebes, incuse, with three handles in relief ; incuse border of radiating lines.

M
JR

-75 -75

inscr. to
inscr.

symbol to

10

121-6

to r. ; symbol to 1.; dotted; border doubtful.

line

of

ex.,

11

115-7

JR

-85

99

to

r.

symbol to

1.

plain border.

9P0
12
123-5

Similar type; in line of ex., dotted; field 1., crane r. border of dots between two plain lines.
(in
field
r.)
;

Tripod-lebes, incuse, with one handle in relief ; incuse border of radiating lines.

-9

[PWITE

IX.

13.]

9P0
13*

Tripod-lebes; barbarous) raised border of in field 1., crane r. dots execution rude.
(letters
; ;

Similar tripod, without handle ; execution

rude.

^pl.-95

9P0

(in field
;

r.)

Tripod-lebes,

with

14

121-4

ex. three handles in field 1., ora,ne r.; contains floral ornament; line of ex., dotted ; border of dots.

Similar type; outline marked by raised lines ; no border visible.

-7

[Plate

ix.

14. J

* Apparently a contemporary forgery.

130

BRUTTTUM
Metal
Size

No.

Weioht

Obveese

Reverse

9P0
15
124-8

(in

field
;

of ex., dotted

Smilar type; line 1.) dotted cable border.

Eagle,

incnse,
-with

flying,
lines
;

body

and

-wings

marked

incuse

border of

radiating lines.
-95

0^9
16
123-

(in field

1.)

Similar type

raised

Similar.

M
M

border of dote.
-85

9*10
17

To
;

Similar type;

line

of

ex.

Similar

body

of eagle

marked with

lines

dotted
-9

same border.
[Plate
ix.

and
15.]

dots.

1221

0<^9
18
116-7

(in field r.)

Similar type.

Similar type

incnse border of dots.

-75

Circa

480420

B.C.

Staters

9P0
dots.

(in field r.)

lion's feet

crane

r.

Tripod-lebes, having in field 1., line of ex., dotted ; border of

Type similar

to that

ou obv.

border of

and three handles

radiating lines.

19

117-9

-85

symbol almost indistinguishable

uncertain.
inscr., partly off coin.

inscr.,

20

113-5

^75

9 POT

(above) Ionic capital.

Eagle standing

1.,

on

9 POT
ha\ang
in field

(in

field

r.)

Tripod-lebes,

lion's feet
1.,

gi-ain of

and three handles; barley; beneath, E;

border of dots.

21

123-9 106-2

M
yR

-85
-9

cable border ?

(T,

ofi coin.)

22

border of dots.
[B.3I.0., p.

349

(63).]

Similar type

in front, laurel-branch.

9P0

(in

field

r.)

Tripod-lebes,

with

and three handles; from 1. handle hangs a fillet, the lower end of which is turned upwards; line
feet,

lion's

neck,

23

107-9

M M

-9

of ex., dotted.

Similar type r. in border of dots.

;

field r.,

branch of olive

Similar

border of dots,

24

117-

-8

left side of tripod, ofE coin.

IIM.C.

p. .140 (66).]

CROTON
Metal
Size

131

No.

Weight

Obverse

Keverse

Eagle standing
of dots.

1.,

looking back

border

9P0
field

(in

field

1.)

Tripod-lebes,
line

with
;

lion's feet, neck,

r.,
;

and three handles

of

in

spray of olive;
plain border.

ex.,

115-i

double
-8

eagle's feet, off coin.

[B.M.C.,

p.

350

(67).]

Similar eagle, standing on nose of stag's

Inscr. in field
ivy-leaf
;

r.

Similar type
boi-der.

in field

1.,

head
26
104i-

r.

same

.R -85
[Plate

bpo
ix.

16.]

27

117-

Al

-85

9P0
350 (68).]

IB.M.O.,

p.

Eagle

r., head turned back, in pediment in of temple, the guttae below visible front, antelope's skull 1.; plain border.
;

9PO

(in

field r.,

of ex.,

Similar type; in field 1.) spray of olive with fruit; line double plain border.
;

28
29

119-7

.R

-85
-85

(border not visible.)

117-8

[BJr.C,

p.

350

(70).]

Diobols
Tripod-lebes, with lion's feet and handles raised border of dots.
;

three

Pegasos, with curled wing, flying

1.

30
31

18-6
17-8

JR yR

-4

0-^9

in field in field

r.

-5

9P0

1.

drat 420390

B.C.

into favour in Mwjna Gnivcia; n,e nrouHUfi liifliinu-c of Thurmm hroiujlit tie lonir fZ The artistic irnpuhc that found ex2Jress,on m the -way to Kat tie same time 9 'jave new types was perhaps Attic in its origin*

Staters

Head
r.
;

Hera Lakinia, full face, towards wearing necklace with pendants, and Stephanos adorned with honey-suckle ornament and foreparts of two griffins hair flioatiug border of dots. r.
of
; ;

KPOTfl

Herakles naked, reclining 1. he on rock, on which is lion's skin holds in extended r. wine-cup 1., while in field 1., his 1. elbow rests on rock
; ;

tripod;
crossed,

in field above,

bow and

club

and

N A?

32

118-J-

^R

-85

[Plate

ix.

17.]
ff.

* A. J. Evans has suggested that the llcv. typo of Nos. 32 tho Theseus of the Parthenon.

may be

a 'uiomory-picturc' of
.^

132

BRUTTIUM
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obyeese

Kevebse

33 34

116-

M
M

Similar type in field r.,

-85

but no

griffins

on Stephanos

KPOTflNI

plain border.

Similar but Herakles holds club in 1.

ATA5

type;

pi. -86

no

letter.

inscr.

illegible

in

field

1.,

plain

border.

Eagle standing r., head turned back; in field r., bearded term of Hermes, facing, holding patera and caduceus

(<PO

(in field r.)

Tripod-lebes, with lion's

;

feet,

neck,

and three handles

serpents' heads
r.,
;

between
field
r.
1.,

legs,

two

in

35

101-

in field
-8

I.,

<J>

Nike

flying

holding wreath in

[Plate

ix.

18.]

Circa 390

B.C.

For

the Bev.

on Thehan

coins, it

type of the foUoioing, compare Taeentdm, No. 135. Appearing first was adopted, circa 31)4 B.C., hy certain Aegean states (Ephesus,

Cnidiis, etc.), which had made common cause against the tyranny Its of Sparta. occurrence in South Italy is probably significant of a determination to resist the aggression of Dionysiiis of Syracuse, who, however, captured Croton circa 388 B.C.

Stater

KPOTilNIA TAS
r.,

Head

of Apollo,

Infant Herakles,

laur.

hair long

border of dots.

seated facing, head 1., struggling with two serpents which en; ;

36

121-

-8

twine him both hands extended with each, he strangles one of the serpents.

Circa

370330

B.C.

On fcgaining

its

freedom, Croton resumed the

immediately.

strilcing of monci/, though perhaps not With the types, compare Syracuse, Kos. 82 /.

Statera

Head
37
116-7

of Apollo

r.,

laur.

hair long.

HPO

(in field

1.)

lion's feet, neck,

and three handles

laurel, filleted.

Tripod-lebes, having in ;

M
.-R

field r.,

-85

branch of

[Plate
JS
ll.V
-So
ben'ies in wreath.
I

ix,

19.]

positions of inscr.

and

of symbol, reversed.

CROTONHIPPONIUM
Metal
Size

133

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Circa

330299
its

B.C.
B.C.).

Crolon probably issued no coins after

capture by Agatholcles (299

Stater

KPOTHNIA

Eagle, with spread

Tripod-lebes, with lion's feet, standing on

base, having

wings, standing looking back.

1.

on olive-brancb, and

two handles and holmos

in field
<l>

1.,

ear of barley with leaf, and

K
in field
r.,

and dolphin

r.,

turning downwards

[M
;

I]

plain border.

39

99-5

.R

-8

[B.M.C.,

p.

352

(82).J

Diob

ol

Fourth Century.

Head

of

Pallas

r.,

wearing

Corinthian

(<P0
r.,

0||<|STAS

Herakles standing

helmet.

lion's skin over shoulder, leaning

club

on which he grasps with both hands.

40

15-3

iR-45
Beonze
Fourth Century
B.C.

Head
41 42
44-

of

Persephone

r.,

wearing wreath

K P

53-5

M M

of corn.

Each letter within a crescent, the horns of which are turned outwards.

-65
-65

HIPPONIUM
Bronze
Circa

330325

B.C.
city

This issue {there had been an earlier one) belongs to the time when the liberated by Alexander of Epirus from the Bruttii.

was

Head
80'

of

Zeus

r.,

laureated.

EinnNIEHN

Amphora.
first letter

M
JE

-75

in field 1., long torch lighted; of inscr., off coin. in field

r.,

81-

-7

(behind,

A)

caduceus

only

Efl

of inscr.

legible.

86-

-8

in field
first

r.,

caduceus

filleted

first

E and

of inscr., illegible.

l:)-i

BRUTTIUM
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obvekse

Ebvbrse

Circa 294

B.C.

The following belongs

to

tJte

the city once

time of AgatJioldes, who for a short period rescued more from the domination of the Bruttii.

Head

of Pallas

1.,

wearing crested Corin-

[EJinnNIEH M
standing
1.,

(in field

1.)

Nike,

thian helmet, on which serpent. 140-5

diplo'idion,

wearing long chiton with holding wreath and palm ?

-95

VIBO VALENTIA
Beonze
Circa
In 192
B.C.
'

19289

B.C.

the

Eomans, wishing
'

colunia

at Hippotiium under the

strengthen their hold over the Bruttii, planted a name of Vibo Valentia. Its coins naturally follow the Semuncial System.
to

Asses
Head
of

Zeus

r.,

laur.; behind,

VALENTIA
and
I

(in

field

1.)

Winged
;

thunderbolt, placed perpendicularly in field r., stafi: ending in boar's head,

156-

1-

Similar

border of dots.

VALENTIA
type
;

(in

field

r.)

Similar

border of dots.
1.,
I

156-

M M

1-

in field

piles of Dioskoui-os,

with

star,

and
1371-

in field

1., wreath-bearing Nike border doubtful.

r.,

and

Similar.

VALENTIA
above,
|,

Winged
;

thunderbolt,

placed horizontally
150-

border of dots.
?

zE

-'Jo

and traces of symbol

122-

M -95

above,

and

star of twelve rays.

Semisses
Female liead r., hair long, wearing stepbane, earring, and necklace behind, bor;

VALENTIA
in field L, lyre.

Double
1.;

90-

der of dots.
-8

lower points turned

cornucopiae, beside symbol, $

PTTPPONIUMVIBO VALENTTA
Metal
Size

IMf)

No.

Weisht

Obverse

Reverse

89'

JE -75

81-

M M ^ ^ ^

-75

63-

-7

10

68-

-75

11

5363-

-7

12

-75

13
IJ.

64-

^
iE

-7

56-

-7

15

136

BRUTTIUM
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eevebse

Sextans
Head
20
23of Apollo border of dots.
r.,

laur.

behind,

VALENTIA
of

Lyre; in

field

1.,

traces

symbol

plain border.

45

LOCRI
Circa 3-14332
B.C.

Tlie Locrians struck no money until after they had shaken off the yoke of Dionysius. Their issue of Coriutliidn staters for foreign commerce [see under Colonies of CoEiNTH, in Vol. II.) began when Timoleon restored the democracy. The following coin, intended for home trade, belongs to the same period.

Silver

Campanian (Phocaean) Standard

Stater
Head
of

Zeus

r.,

laur.

hair short,

Eirene, seated ceus in r.

1.

on cippns, holding cadu-

*92-5

-8

beneath, traces of

lettei's.

no

inscr. visible.

Circa

332300

B.C.

of Locrian coins style of the head of Zeus. The Alexander of Epirus (q.v.), who remained unaltered. The careless that they are late.
series

The next

can be

approximately dated by the change in the type now resembles that found on the money of arrived in Italy circa 332 B.C. The standard

workmanship of the following specimens indicates (For coins on the Corinthian model

struck at this time see Vol. II.)

Staters
Head
of

Zens r.,
;

thunderbolt
2 3

laur. hair long border of dots.

;

behind,

A O K
(n N,

Eagle 1., -wings open, P fl devouring hare; border of dots.

off coin)

113-7 l]0-2 111-7 117-6

M M M

-85

.^85
-9

(P, off coin)

4
5

-9

symbol, in front of forehead.

[Plate
117-

ix.

22. t]

^9

symbol,

ofl'

coin.

The poor condition

*^^"^''

of this coin fully accounts for its defective weight,

""^

in yJl'^n^'^'"'

^' ^^ "

'''''*''

'''

"

""

""'^ "^

^y""'

'" '^''=*<'i '' ^^'^ ^^ described

LOCRI

137

Xo.

BRUTTIUM

No.

LOCRIPETELTA
Metal
Size

139

No.

Weight

Obvekse

Reverse

NUCERIA
Bronze
Circa 350

270

B.C.,

or later

Head

of Apollo

r.,

laur.

border of dots.

NOYKP
(first

NUN
;

Horse

1.;

beneath,

pentagram
131 o

plain border.

JE

-S

beneath, traces of symbol.

two

letters of inscr., off coin.)

[Plate
125-

x.

4.]

jE

-8

behind, bunch of grapes.

PETELIA
Bronze
Circa

280216
time subject.

B.C.
to

This series

is

contemporary with

the coins

of the Bruttii,

whom

Fetclia

was

at that

Head

of

Demeter
;

r.,

wearing veil and

TTETHAINUN
with
r.

wreath of barley

border of dots.

Zeus naked, facing, advanced, brandishing thunderbolt in r., and holding sceptre in in field 1., star of six rays in 1.
foot
; ;

field

r.,

122-

132-

JE So
Similar.

TTETH AINI2N

Similar type.

119-

-8

After circa 204

B.C.

When

It was captured Petelia remained loyal. tie rest of Brnttinm joined Haimihal, After the war it loas restored by Borne, Corthaijiviaii.'i and their allies. by the and allowed to strike money.

Qiuadr ans
Head
of Zeus
r.,

laur.

behind,

border

nETHA[l]
striding
r.,

NUN
;

Zeus,

naked,

of dots.

brandishing thunderbolt in behind, in 1. r., and holding sceptre caducous upright plain border.
;

45-7

JE

-6

T 2

140

BRUTTIUM
Metal
Size

No.

"Weight

Obverse

Eevekse

S ext ante s

Head

of

behind,

Apollo r., laur. border of dots.

;

liair

long

riETHAI
round
1.

NXIN Artemis, wearing long chiton and diploidion, advancing 1., with torch in r. hand, and drapery
arm
;

plain border.

49-8
33-3
43-8

M M M

-6

in front,

fo{

and

~p

'55

-65

in front,

/HETHAlX

36-5

-55

in front, caduceus.

RHEGIUM
Silver

Aeginetic Standard
Circa
Tlie earliest coinage

494480

B.C.

in weicjM, to the issues

of liliegitim {circa 530494 B.C.) conformed in fabric, tJiough not of the Achitean Monctanj Confederation. Its type was a manheaded hull. The lion's scalp is a marlc of the influence of the Samians, lohom Anaxilaos employed to seize Zancle. The annexation of Zancle made Bhegium a SiciUctn power, and hefore the end of this period it adopted the Euboic-Attic standard. lor the weight of the following see under Himera.

Drachms
Lion's scalp
89;

= Attic Octobols)
Calf's

border of dots.

head
I

1.;

border of dots.

M
Al

7
-7

Vv
\A
[Plate
x.

o O
o

3 a q

13

gq
gq

5.

86-3

-75
I

NA

rD

Euboic

Attic Standard

Circa
27*6 folloioing coin

480461

B.C.
the

is one of a series struch probably after Anaxilaos expelled Samians from Zancle, now called Messana (q.v.).

Obol
Hare running
U-'.i
.11
r.
;

border of dots.

33 q

within circle of dots.

TETELIA RI-IEGUTM
Metal
Size

14]

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Circa 461

415

B.C.

When a

democraci/ was cstahlishcd, in 461

Cf.

B.C.,

a new

ti/pe tvas

introduced.

Taeentum,

iVos. Iff.

Te t ra drachm
Lion's scalp
;

in field

r.,

bunch

of grapes

Male

border of dots.

to waist, seated
staff,
1.

figure (Aristaios?*), bearded, naked r. hand resting on 1.

;

on seat

the whole within wreath

of olive.
2l!l-7

1-15

inscr., quite

worn away.

Drachm
Similar, but in field
r.,

dot.

PEC

resting

Similar type; 1. hand on hip; beneath seat, dot; the whole within wreath of olive.
I

A/OA/

64-3

-7

Circa

415387

B.C.

The date of

the follnwiii,/ coi^is is fixed by

and by the appearance of llhegimn loas destroyed by Dionysius in 387 B.C.

their style,

Tetr adrachm
Lion's scalp
;

border of dots.

PHTIA/OA/ Head
hail' tui-ned

up

of Apollo r., laur., behind, sprig of olive

264-8

.51

-95

[Plate

x.

6.]

D r a chm.
Similar.
64Similar.

.R

-6

Hemidrachms
Similar.

PH

Sprig r., consisting of two leaves with two olives.

32-2

10

29-5

M M

border of dots.
-00

spray of ivy intertwined

-5

plain border.

[Plate

x.

7.]

L itr a
Similar.

Similar

border of dots.

11

11-3

-4

Sec E.

J.

Scries, vol. Scltnuuni, in Xn,.. Ckron., 3rd

-xvii.,

pp. 173 S.

142

BRUTTIUM
Metal
Size

No.

Wei&ht

Obverse

Reverse

12 13

94-

JE -65

74-5

M
M

-65

14

54-

-55

15 16 17 18

106-

19

20

21

45-

22*

26-8

RHEGIUM
Metal
Size

143

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Bkonzb

Head

of Apollo border of dots.

1.,

laur.

hair

long;

PHfl NflN
in field
1.,

Tripod-lebes, with neck

and three handles

23

154-

beneath, omphalos border of dots.

;

-9

Similar.
24.

PHfl NflN
handles
;

Tripod-lebes, with three

border of dots.

35-

.E

-6

(behind, traces of symbol ?)

tripod-lebes has neck.

27-5

-5

Similar type

1.

behind,

bow

border of

PHfl NflN

Tripod-lebes, with neck

;

26

120-

dots.
-9

and three handles

border of dots.

Similar type

1.

border of dots,

27

117-

28

112-

M -85 M -85

PHTI NflN

Similar

handles resemble wheels of four spokes.

;

behind, cornucopiae.
behind, lyre.

/PHr\
VNflN7
[Plate
x.

ll.J

29

112-5

-9

behind, vmcertain symbol.

(No. 29
is

double-struck.)

Head

of

Artemis
;

necklace
bovi',

wearing earring and hair in knot behind behind,

r.,
; ;

and over shoulder, quiver

border

|-p-||-|niMf2N Apollo, naked, seated 1. on omphalos, holding arrow and strung bow border of dots.
;

of dots.

30

190-

-95

Head

Artemis r., wearing stepbane, earring and necklace; over shoulder,

of

PHfl NflN

Lyre

of seven strings; border of

dots.

bow and
31

quiver

border of dots.

M
120-5

-9

Similar.

pLfl

Lyre of

five strings;
;

in field

1.,

32

33

^ M

-85 -85

NflN

cornucopiae

border of dots.

Similar.

PHP

Young

Asklepios,
;

standing

NflN
1.,

wreath r. hand stretched out, holding branch of laurel, and bird 1. resting on sceptre in field
facing, wearing
;
;

cornucopiae

border of dots.

34
35

129-5
120-

^ M

1-

-95

; ;

144

BEUTTIUM
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eeveese

Head

of Ai-temis r., hair gathered in knot behind bo-w and quiver over shoulder border of dots.
;

IN
1.,

Naked male
r.
1.

figure standing

leaning v?ith
in field

holding in his

on long staff, and a parazonium resting

cuirass.

36

24-5

on hip
-6

1.,

[PtATE

X.

12.]

Circa

20389
Bronze

B.C.

Full

Weight

Tetrantes
Heads jugate
r., of Apollo, laur., and Artemis, wearing stephane and necklace border of dots.

NUN

PH r

Tripod-lebes, with neck and three handles in field r., * border of dots.
; ;

37

179-

M M M

1-05

berries in Apollo's wreath,

(No. 37

is

restruck.)

38

176-5

1-

no berries

behind,

O
[Plate
x.

13.]

39

107-5

-95

no

berries

behind, forceps.
(No. 39
is

restruck.)

Similar.

PHFINIIN
of value,

Similar

but above marks

40

174-5

1-

behind, traces of symbol.

Reduced Weight
Pentonkia
Janiform female head, with modius each head wears stephane, earring, and necklace border of dots.
;

PHPINIIN
seated
1.

with
tripod

r.
;

Asklepios, naked to waist, on high-backed chair, leaning on stafE in field 1., fl and
;

41

202-5

M 1-05
Similar.

border of dots.

PHriNXiN
plain border.
inscr. obscure.

Similar type; in

field

l-.R;

42

167-

-Ql

43

183-

M 1-05

Similar.

Similar
(No. 43
ie

but serpent twined round

staff.

restruck on a tetras of Full Weight.)

[Plate

x.

44

136-5

14.]
visible
;

no border

visible.
I

no border

inscr. obscure.

RHEGIUM
Metal
Size

145

No.

Weight

45

171-

1-1

46

9390-

.*

-9

47

^
M

-85
-85

48

87-5

49 50

73-5

JE

-7

45-5

-65

51

47-

-65

52

34'

-6

53

53-5

JE

-65

54

58-5

55

140

BRUTTIUM
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obvebsb

Rbvebse

Similar.

P H r NnN
I

naked

Young Asklepios standing holding branch in v.; on his wrist, bird with wings open r. he leans with 1. upon a knotted staff; in field 1.,
1.,
;

nil; plain border.

66
57 58
4943-

M -65

(place of stars,

and of symbol,

off coin.)

(border, off coin.)

33-5

M M

-65
-65

behind, spear-head.

T
Head
dots.

r i

ant e

of

Asklepios

r.,

laur.

border of

PHriNriN

Hygieia standing 1., wearing long chiton ; she feeds serpent from patera held in r. with her 1. she raises her garment in field 1., 1 1 1 ; plain
; ;

59

116'

60

100-

M M

border.
-95

(N

1.

60

is

restruck on a piece resembling N"os. 26

ff.)

Head
61*

of Apollo

r.,

laur.

PHriNnN
galloping
r.
;

(in ex.)

The Dioskouroi with spears and flowing

chlamydes
36^E -55

plain border.

border doubtful

no marks

of value visible.

TERINA
The Bev.
to nth

loas

type, here described as Nike, maij possibly represent the Siren at Terina. Compare the figure of Eirene at Locri (A'o.

]J,/,'!<i.

whose
coins,

1).
its

Tcrinn,

which was a colony of Groton, naturctlly adopted the Achaean system fur the loeight of the stater being slightly depreciated.

SlLVEE
Circa 440

400
.

B.C.

Stater! Head
of

nymph

Terina

r.,

hair tied into

;

PI
r.
;

117-4

knot on top, and bound twice round with cord or narrow diadem the whole within wreath of olive.
-85

A/AI[OA/]
1.,
1.

four-legged seat

Winged Nike, on holding wreath in

of seat.

hand

rests

on back

[Plate

x.

16.]

* On this denomination (marked xii) see Mommscn, Hist, de la Monn. Rom., i., p 139 should be noted that on the preceding coins, particularly the later ones, there is a tendency for 11 to approach the form Q..
It

RHEGIUM TERTNA
Metal
Size

147

No.

Weight

Obvebse

Reverse

Head
lace

of

and

nymph Terina 1., wearing ampyx hair waved

;

neckthe

A Ion
r.

Winged

Nike, seated
lies

1.

on large vase which

on

its

side

whole within wreath

11(3-3

of olive.

arm

outstretched.

.R

-9

r.

hand, obliterated.

Similar type

hail' rolled

no wreath.

PIN A ION

Similar type;

r.

hand

1171

resting on caduceus.
-85

Similar head

r.,

ampyx

hair rolled olive-wreath.

;

wearing necklace and the whole within

;

[TEPI]

Nike, with open holding in r. caduceus of downwards 1. i-esting on back cippus, on which she sits.

NA

[ION]
].,

wings, seated
;

11-41

.R

-Si

[TEPIN]AION
llS-3

Similar head 1.. wearing necklace and spheudone behind, P

;

Winged
her

Nike, seated 1. on cippus, resting on top of caduceus which stands before her; on base of cippus,
r.

-R

-75

TEP

120-

M
/R

l/V A I OA/ Similar head 1., hair bound with wearing necklace broad diadem, and gathered in knot behind behind, P
; ;

Similar

but

-8

[TE PINA] ION

122-1
-85

Similar type.

Similar type;

but Nike holds caduceus

;

lower

down

in field

r.,

[T]EP
118-8

A^
;

A/

Similar type;
_

diadem
pattern

ornamented with behind neck, P

maeauder

Nike touches with r. the Similar type her 1. rests on top of the ciduceus cippus; in field r.,
; ;

.R

-95

[Plate

x.

17.]

[TEPIA/A] \0/V
neck,
<t>

Similar head
;

r.,

wearing necklace and diadem

116-3

behind

Nike, with open wings, seated 1. on cippus, holding caduceus, handle forwards, in
r.,

and wreath

in

1.

.R

-75

[Num. Chron., 1883, Pl.

xi. 5.J

[TEP] INA [ION]

we.xring broad diadem.

Similar head

1.

Winged Nike,

seated 1. on cippus; holdwith ing in r., by the middle, caduceus handle forwards 1. resting on cippus.
;

in

114-8

148

BRUTTIUM
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obveese

Reverse

[TEPIN]AI O/V

Similar head r, wearing necklace and broad diadem.

Nike, with open wings, standing 1. 1. arm sujDported on colamn in r. she grasps caduceus by the middle, the handle turned towards her in field 1., altar, on which bird 1. ; in field r.,
;
; ;

11

1164

jR

-9

[Plate

x.

18.]

TEP[INAION]
ornamented
12
117-4

Similar head

diadem

with

maeander

pattern

Nike, with open wings, seated 1. on cippus, holding in r. a sprig of olive ; 1. hand
resting

behind,
-9

on cippus.
2.]

[Num. Chron., 1883, Pl. xn.

TEP
13

[l/VA] lO/V
plain.

Similar head L

Similar.

diadem

1181

.-R

-8

[Plate

x.

19.]

Similar type

head-dress obscure.

[TE]
I.

PINAION

Winged

Nike, seated
in
r.

111-6

1.

on cippus, holding wreath hand resting on cippus.

-9

TEPINAION
16
121-4

Similar head

r.,

wear-

ing small sphendone.

Similar type head.

on base of cippus, poppy-

/R

-9

[Xiim. Chron., 1883, Pl.

xii.

10.]

TEPINAION
IG

Shuilartype.

Winged Nike,
;

seated 1. on cippus; on back of extended r., dove wdth spread wings 1. rests on back of cippus.

116-8
116-3

-R

-8

inscr., in front,

17

-8

inscr.,

behind.

[.V/(//(.

Chrmi., 1883, Pl.

xii.

U.J

Sixths
Head
18 19
18-3 18-2 16-4 13-9
of

nymph

Terina

v.,

wearing sphen-

Nike,

winged,
1.

seated
rests;

1.

done and earring.

on

cippus,

on

which
r.

hand

r.

arm outstretched.

TE
m,
-45

hand,

off coin.

no

letters

no earring.
type
1.

T
no

E PI
PI

in

r.

hand, wreath.

20
21

TE

/R

-55

type

I.;

much worn.

letters visible in star of eight rays

;

r.,

bird ?

in field

1..

much

worn.

TERINA
Metal
Size

149

No.

Weight

Obverse

Revekse

Circa

400356

B.C.

Tvvhin fell lulu the hands of the Bndtll circa 356

B.C.

SiLVEK

Thirds

TEPINAIHN

Head of nympli Tei-ina, hair wearing earring and necklace behind neck, rolled and very wavy
; ;

Winged Nike
rests

seated

1.

on square
a bird
r.
;

cipptis
1.

holding in extended

r.

hand

on cippns.

triquetra of legs

border of dots.
in field
1.,

32 3

Al

-7

type
type

r.

"E

23

35-9

/R

-7

1.

[Platf,

X.

20.]
1.,

24

34-1

.R

-65

.type

1.

inscr., partially off coin.

in field

star of eight rays.

Traces of inscr.

Similar type

r.

Similar type

in field

1.,

30-9

-65

TEPINAIflN
triqueti-a of legs
;

Similar type; behind, border of dots.

Similar type, but Nike holds in r. caduceus by the middle, handle resting on her knee.

26
27

30-5

.R

-65
in field
1.,

/Rpl.-6

"

Beonzb

Female head 1., wearing sphendone, border of dots. ring, and necklace
;

ear-

TEPI

above which, crescent t'rab with horns downwards plain border.

; ;

28 29

50-

41'

30

48-5

^ -65 M ^
-6

-65

border not visible.

150

ITALY

No.

Weisht

Metal
Size

Obvekse

Kevebse

UNCERTAIN OF ITALY
SiLVEK

Circa 300

B.C.

Head
/R-5
to

of Pallas

r.,

tliinn helmet, earring,

wearing crested Corinand necklace.

Eagle, with wings thunderbolt.

open, standing

r.

on

Garrucci (Monete delV Italia Anticd) figures this coin (PI. Lxxxii. 18), and assigns it in Latium. It should be compared with the small silver of that town {B.M.G., p. 44).

Alba Fucentis

Cirra -lOO

B.C.

Female head and waved

/Ilpl.-7

r., haii*
;

bound with diadem,

OTHB
xi.

Owl

1.

on olive-branch, showing

behind,

3
[Plate

full face.

1.]

No. 2

is

a h)cal (Lucanian) imitation of the silver drachms of Velia.

See

p. 113.

Bronze
A/te

268

B.C.

Head
102-

of Pallas thian helmet

1.,
;

wearing crested Corin-

F E

NRE

Cock standing

r.

behind,

border of dots.

star of eight rays.

-75

[Plate
For the types

si.

2.j

of No. 3, compare the bronze of Aquinum, Gales, Suessa Aurunca, Sidicinum, etc. The first three letters of the inscr. are tolerably clear, the last three doubtful. Garrucci, who figures the Hunter coin from a cast (PI. lxxxviii. 18), and professes to have had a similar one in his own collection, follows Combe in his reading

Teanum

Apart, however, from the fact that the last letter is more probably E than P there are serious linguistic objections to the interpretation which Combe and Garrucci place upon their own reading.*
,

also in his attribution to

Yenafrum.

pP

NRp

>

a^^d

FEIN any Oscan town whose name would be an appropriate nominative. There is a twofold objection to the view of Combe and Garrucci. (1) The e of 'Vonafrum' is short, and it is in the highest degree improbable that a short Latm e would be represented in Oscan by ei. (2) It would be surprising to find the same symbol (p) employed in the same word with two distinct values (i- and /) IS usually represented in Oscan by C, and / by g. On the second point, see Von Planta, GrammaMc der Osbinch-Umlrischm hiulcUc (Strassburg, I8i)3 97), vol. ii., p. 649 (Auhang)

* The compiler of the Catalogue is indebted to the kindness of Mr. Lindsay of Jesus College, Oxford, for a full discussion of this difficult legend. Mr. Lindsay is of opinion that might possibly be a locative case, but he is unable to suggest

W M

RE

N
UNCERTAIN
Metal
Size

151

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

First Century B.C.

Dionysiac liead r., wearing wreatli of ivy hair falling in long tresses border of
;

Lion (or panther) r., head facing, grasping with 1. fore-paw a thyrsos which it
holds in
its

dots.

mouth

border of dots.

4
5

90-

123-

M M

-9

-85

in ex.,

CAI

[Plate

xi.

3.]

Coins of the types of Nos. 4 and 5 were tentatively assigned to Capua in B.M.C., p. 84. Friedlander {OsMsche Milnzen, p. 8) read ^^^ attributed the series to Caiazzo. Garrucci, who figures a coin similar to No. 5 (PI. lxxvii. 3), reads CAI ^^ ^^^ interprets this as a Tnagistrate's name, comparing on a London specimen {B.M.C., p. 84 (22).). He also points out that these coins appear to be found chiefly in the neighbourhood of Orvieto, the ancient Bolsena. They are, therefore, probably Latin, not Campanian, as was formerly supposed. On

CAI

CAN

the date see Imhoof Blumer, Monn. grecq., pp. 36, 37.

Third Century

B.C.

Horse standing

r.,

raising

its oil fore-leg.

Dolphin

1.

above which, trident

r.

105-5

M
JEi

-8

above horse,

APII

beneath dolphin,

[Plate

xi.

4.J

91-

-8

no

letters visible.

beneath dolphin,
I

Mfl

[Plate

xi.

5.]

These coins are probably to be attributed to Salapia in Etruria. Cf. Garrucci, trident on the Rev. PI. xcni., Nos. 3034, where, however, there is no

Head

lion's skin

of bearded Herakles in front, /t. ;

r.,

wearing

Q CEP
.

Between

lines of inscr.,

DE-

III

TOL

clubr.

107-

7
[Plate
xi. 6.]

on the Obv. The insor. on Garrucci figt^res a similar coin (PI. oxxn. 27), and reads Garrucci s plate nor however, does not correspond to the engraving an the Hunter specimen, justify his attribution to in his text appear sufficiently good to does the explanation suggested
;

P/tS

Paestum.


152

ITALY

No.

Weioht

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Head

of Pallas r., vs'earing crested Corinborder thian helmet with neck-piece

;

KAISIE

EOYMENTHI
placed;

horizontally

Thunderbolt, beneath, star of

of dots.

eight rays.

196-5

'9

[Plate

xi.

7.]

Garrucci figures
'

this coin (PI.

xciir.

35),

assigning

it

to

Salapia,

and interpreting the

is

inscr. as a magistrate's

name.

His chief argument for the attribution

that the dialect

is

Apulian.'*

* A more probable suggestion has been made by Mr. W. M. Lindsay, who writes: " I would read the legend as Kaisie Eouhntii, Caesius [name of magistrate] at TJxentum,' the first word being in the nominative (-e for the fuller -es), and the second in the locative case. The dialect In the legend represents of tlxentum was Messapian (the term Apulian is now given up). the u- sound (cf. 'Aov\os = Aulas, and naovWii/a = PaulUna, C.I.G. 2656 b add., 6665, also aovTijx = (lutein in the Lead tablet of Hadrumetum, 2nd cent, a.d.) while would represent
'

'

'

OY

the M- sound and the common letter ^'l (see Mommsen, Vnterital. Dialelcte, p. 5) some sibilant sound, variously transliterated as m, ss (s), etc. The symbol generally used nowadays for the latter is '. The name of the town appears in various forms Uzentiniin Livy, Oi!|ei'Toi' in Ptolemy, It is only fair to say that Ao(f- and Ofai'- on coins. (See Corpus Inscr. Lat., ix., p. 3)." Mr. Lindsay would wish his suggestion to be regarded as tentative, since " the slightness of the material for a knowledge of the Accidence and Orthography of the Messapian dialect makes it impossible to speak with certainty." It should be added that a careful re-examiriation of the coin

has revealed what appear to be traces of the final

of

K A ^ E^
I
I

SICILY
1

154

SICILY

No.

Weisht

Metal
Size

Obverse

Beveese

Head
11-7
Ai. -45

of water-nymph, three-quarter face towards 1.

BA

Sow

standing

r.

at

her

feet,

pig

r.

line of ex., double.

Beonze
Circa

400350

B.C.

10

30-5

Female head ]., wearing sphendone, ring and necklace border of dots.
;

ear-

ABAKAINI
swimming
1.
;

NHN

Forepart of bull border of dots.

-55

ADRANTJM

Adranum, a foundation and dependency of Dionysius, was one of the first towns liberated by Timoleon, one of the effects of whose expedition was a great increase
of monetary activity throiujhout Sicily.
Circa 345
B.C.

Head
132-

of Apollo

1.,

laur.

hair short.

Lyre of seven strings

border of dots.

-8

AETNA
Aetna was
given to the Sikel town of Inessa when it was occupied (461 B.C.) by the colonists of Hieron, who were driven out of Catana (q.v.). Being practically dependent on Syracuse, it struck no coins except in the time of Timoleon, and again after it was included in the Soman province of Sicily.
the

name

Beonze
After 210
B.C.

Triantes
Bust of Apollo r., radiate neck border of dots.
; ;

chlamys about

AITN A
spear,

(reading from 1. downwards) "Warrior facing, head r., wearing helmet and tunic leans with r. on
I
;

UN

and holds

85-

-85

1.,

shield in plain border.

1.

in iield

Similar.

AITNAI D.N
wards)
in field
r.

(reading from 1. upSimilar type marks of value

;

TI-

-75

[Plate
Similar.
TO'

xi.

9.]

AITNAI

Similar type
in field
1.
;

JE

-8

1. marks of value plain border.

;

AB ACAENUMAG RIG KNTU M

Metal
Size

]55

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Hexantes
Head
of

necklace,
of dots.

Persephone r., weaving earring, and wreath of corn border

;

AITNAI
ilN

Cornucopiae
1-,

filleted;

infield

'

V^^^^ border.

50-

.E -65

48-

JE

-65

inscr., partly obliterated.

Similar.

AITNAI

Similar

but marks of value

r.

4341-

M M

UN

in field

-65

-C

AGRIGENTUM
Gold and Silvee

Euboic-Attic Standard
Circa

550472

B.C.

The

the fall of

belong to the period between folloiohig, the earliest hioion coins of Agrigentum, despot Phalaris and the death of Theron, ivho had made himself

circa

488

B.C.

Compare Himera, Nos. 79.

Silver

Didrachms
Eagle with wings
134-4
closed, standing
1.

Crab (within

circular incuse).

M M

-75

AK

PA
\AA3

130'6

-ir,

A9>lA
A|<!^A
[Plate

137-4

.R-8

5A3
xi.

10.]

134-9

aKi^a
yll-75

beneath,

133-&

aKpa
aHpa
cirest,
1.

barleycorn.

134-9

Corinthian
-8

helmet,

without
X 2

A A
156

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Similar type
127-8

r.

Similar type.

M
M

-85

A K A q
^
>1

132-9

-75

A9
129-1

M M
M

-8

A K P A A
P
K
(eagle

CAZ;
on rock
?)

in

r. cla-flf,

mui-ex-shell.

10

132-3

-85

beneath,

A
barleycorn.

11

131-3

-8

A K P A
^
>l

12

136-2

M M

-75

,,

young male head

r.

A13
128-7
-8
51

>l

plain border.

A[A]

AKPA[C]
14
133-5

SOT^A

Eagle -with wings closed,

standing
1.
;

Crab.

plain border.

-95

[Plate

xi.

11. J

Circa

472415

B.C.

On

the death of

Theron a democracy was established, and Agrlgentum grew in loealth and importance.
Silver

rajJtdly

Tetradrachms

A|<PAC AV\T0
3G6-9

Eagle, with wings

closed, standing -95

1.

on

line of dots.

Crab; beneath, which a spray.

rose,

on either side

of

16

269-7

JR

-95

SOT^A

A KPAC

Similar but eagle on top of Ionic column.

;

Crab

above,

<|>

beneath, rose, on either

sprays.

side of

which two

[Plate
Eagle, with wings closed, standing

xi.

12.

1,

Crab.

17

269-4

^1-15

aHpac 50TV1A
[Plate
xi.

IS

'

257-2

13.]

1-

Af<PAC

AA/TOS

AGRIGENTUM
Metal
Size

157

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

D idrachma
Eagle, with -wings closed, standing
1.

Crab.

19

1371
135-8

-9

AKPAC AA/TOg
gOTVSA 3A9>4A
Lit rae
Eagle
1.,

20

.H -85

capital
of dots.

with closed wings, standing on border of Corinthian column

;

21

12-9
i

JR

-4

A K A q

9-9

23

8-5

M M

-35

-35

>l

P A

24

20-6

J/

-5

25

213-:

Al

I-

158

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Hemidrachms
Eagle standing
r.,

supine hare, which it is devour; behind, barleycorn

dots.

with open wings, on about to

;

A A

fish in its

Crab; beneath, mouth.

pistrix

1.,

holding

border of

26

32-8

M
JR

-65

Similar

but eagle on supine

colt,

[A]

Similar; but pistrix

r.

27

30-6

-6

no border

visible.

[Cf. J3.M.a,-p- 12 (64)

.J

28
29

32-3
30-6

M M

Eagle standing 1., as above, on supine hare; border of dots.

-6

Crab

beneath, tunny-fish

r.

-65

A K PA

30

31-2

AK PA
-65

Similar.

Crab

beneath, tunny-fish

1.

Similar type

r.

border of dots.

A^ [^A]
r.,

Crab; beneath, tanny-fish

31

32-6

curved.

-7

[Plate

xr.

15.]

Bronze
Before 406
B.C.

Hemilitra
Eagle, with wings open, r., standing on tunny-fish, and holding back its head

Crab, holding eel

iii

1.

conch and
of value.

cuttle-fish;

olaw beneath, around, marks

;

and screaming.
32
33
332296-

JE

1-

AKPATA /VT
inscr., obliterated.

\A/OA/

four value-marks visible.

JE la

3J.

348-

1-25

traces
dots.

of

inscr.

(retrograde)

border of

cuttle-fish to

1.,

conch to

r.

three value-

marks
[Plate
xi.

visible.

16.]

AGRIGENTUM
Metal
Size

159

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Similar type.
i

t'rab

around, marks of value.

35

313-

^1-1

traces of inscr.

border of dots.

beneath,

Triton r., holding conch wdth both hands and blowing into it; five value-marks visible.
1.

36

258-

.E 1-1

)1

5)

no border

visible.

beneath, cray-fish

above, fig-leaf

four

value-marks

visible.

37

210-

1-05

-N --ON
stands on Eagle, witb. wings open, r. supine hare 1. and throws back its head, screaming; in field r., cicada; plain border.
;

same

as preceding.

Crab beneath, Triton r., holding conch with both hands and blowing into it
;

four value-marks

visible.

38

827-

.E 11

stands on Eagle, with wings open, r. supine hare, which it is about to tear with its beak.
;

Crab

around, six marks of value.

39

204-

1-05

plain border.

beneath, sea-horse

1.

40

192-

M
M
M
M

1-05

in field

r.,

barleycorn

plain border.

beneath, sea-horse
visible.

r.

five

marks

of value

41

216-

1-05

no border

visible.

as preceding

four value- marks visible.

42

317-

1-15

AK PA;
[A]K P
no border

plain border.

beneath, cray-fish
visible.

1.

three value-marks

43

188-

1-05

as preceding

two value-marks

visible.

44

304-

m M M

11

visible.

above, fig-leaf beneath, cray-fish 1. the marks of value visible.

;

all

45

354-

l-l

border of dots.
(No. 45
iB

as preceding.
:

restruck on a hemilitron of Himera

Types-Gorgpn's Head, and Marks

xi.

of Value.)

[Plate

17.]

46

318-

1-2

border of dots.

beneath, sea-horse r., and scallop-shell; marks of value all above.

Similar type

1.

border of dots.

Crab,

beneath, holding eel in 1. claw around, marks conch and cuttle-fish

;

of value.

47

231-

1-05

four value-marks visible.

160

SICILY

No.

Wbi&ht

Metal
Size

Obvbbsb

Kevekse

48

195-

1-

49

340-

1-3

50
51 52

44-

53 54 55

121-

10899-

56

122-

57

5850-

58

AGRIGENTUM
Metal
Size

161

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Uncertain Benomination
Eagle's lieftd border.
-55
r.,

-without

neck

plain

J\

Crab

border of dots.

59

36-

Circa

406340

B.C.

The survivors of

the Carthcujintan

new

coins, they restrucTc those

massacre found their way lack. Instead of issuing of the preceding class.

Eestruck Coins
(In no case
is it

possible to determine the exact variety ; but the types are always the Obv., Eagle; Eev., Crab.)

same

Head
60
61
62
276-

of

young Herakles in
circle.

lion's skin

r.,

Plain.

within incuse

124-5

288-5

M M M

1-15
-9

1-15

within, a second incuse circle, enclosing a

scallop-shell.

Toung male head

r.,

diademed; behind,
;

dolphin downwards 63
187-

plain border

all

in incuse circle.

1-05

Circa

340287

B.C.

and once again became prosperous, Anrinentum was recolonized by Timoleon, liberation. new types are characteristic of the era of ne
Silver

Euboic-Attic Standard

Hemidrachms
Free horse, cantering
r.

Crab.
beneath, pellet,

64

32-5 28-5
VOL.
I.

M M

-6

above,
-65

above, star.

A\

; ;

162

SICILY

N"o.

Weight

Metal
Size

Oevekse

Reverse

Pieces of One Litra and a Half

Head
66 67
16-

of

Zeus

1.,

laur.

beneath.

A\

Eagle, witli wings open, standing

r.

14-7

M M

-4

AKPATALNTI] NX2N
[AK]PArA[NTI] NflN
n.M.C,
p.

-55

14

(78).J

Bronze

Hemilitra

A K PA FAS
Akragas
horns
;

Head

of

young river-god

diademed, and with short border of dots.

1.,

Eagle standing 1. on the cajiital of an in Ionic column, head turned back

;

field

1.,

crab; in

field r.,

JJJ

plain

border.

68

292-

M M

1-

(value-marks, partially off coin.)

[Plate

xi.

19.]

69

256-

1-

Uncertain

Denominations
Eagle, with wings open, 1., standing on supine hare, which it tears with its beak.

AKPA TA
70
89-

Head

of

Zeus

1.,

laur.

border of dots.

M
Similar type
1.

71

36-5

AKPAEfA] NTINHLNJ

Winged thunderbolt
plain border.

-5

Cirrn

287279
Bronze

B.C.

During

these eight years Phintias

wnx despot of Agrigentum, and ruler of a considerable

part of
Sicily.

Head

of Apollo

1.,

laureated.

<|>

72

92-

Two eagles standing 1. on supine hare the farther, with wings open, tearing the prey the nearer, with wings closed, holding back its head and screaming.
;

-7."

traces of inscr.

AKPAFANTIN
laureated
;

Head

of

Zeus

1.,

border of dots.

Eagle, with wings open, supine hare, which it

1.,

is

standing on about to tear

62

with
(}:,

its

beak

behind,

<|) |

[Plate

xii.

l.J

AORIGENTUM
Metal
Size

168

No.

Weight

47-

-55

79-

.E

-8

76
77

1138S-

.E

-8

-8

164

SICILY

No.

A( lU (
i

E NTUM A L A ISSA

1G5

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Kevebsb

AGYRIUM
Bronze
Ciccrt

420

345

B.C.

Xo. 1

is

after circa

part of the earliest issue of Agyrimn, which continued to strihe money until 300 B.C., lohen it came into the hands of Phinlias of Agrigentum.
;

Eagle, with closed wings, r. beliind, sprig of olive, consisting of two leaves 267-

AT YP

IN

Wheel

of four spokes,

between which,

letters of inscr.

and
-9

fruit.

After 241

B.C.

At Agyrium, as

at

many

other toions, the mint

was reopened under Boman

I

influence.

Head
78-

of bearded Herakles

r.

border of

AfYPINA
;

flN

lolaos

r.,

naked,

dots.

burning with an hon the necks of the hydra plain border.

-75

Hezas
Head
of

Apollo

r., laui'.

AFYPI NAIHN
standing in front,
r.,
1

Female

figure (Isis ?)
r.

with outstretched

hand;

49-

-6

[Plate

xii.

4.]

ALAESA
This town was the rallying-point of the with Timoleon against the Carthaginians.
time.

and Sicanians tvho allied themselves Nos. 1-3 may have been minted there at that But the attribution is hy no means certain.*
Silcels

Beonze
Circa 340
B.C.

KAINON
170-

M
M

Horse prancing (in ex.) bridle loose plain boi-der.

;

1,,

Gi-iffin

galloping

1.

plain border.

-9

IB.M.C,
115-95

p.

29

(6).]
griffin,

above horse, star of eight rays.

beneath
|

cicada

1,

[Plate xn.
147-

5.]
;

-9

no
visible.

inscr.

no border.

(No. 3

is

workmanship.) of rude, almost barbarous,

to Centuripae.

A.

J.

assigned Evans suggests that they should rather be

iFveeman's Uuiory

of Sidhj, vol. iv., p. 353.)

166

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Sbveese

J/<er

ciJ-ca

241

B.C.

Alaesa joined Borne at 210 B.C. it remained a

of irhich

the outset

of the First Punic War.

After the settlement of

civitas libera et immunis.'

is 'Apx'j>viSeLo%, is

derived from the

The title of the toion, the full form name of its founder Archonides.
Eagle standing border of dots.

Head

of

Zeus

1.,

laur.

border of dots,

AAAIZAZ APX
wings open
;

1.,

91-5

-9

behind,

p
[Plate

in field
xii.

1.,

oomucopiae.

6.]

Similar.

AAAIZAZ APX
visible,

Similar.

110-5
79.

105106-

M M M M

-8

no monogram
behind,

in field

1.,

bucranium
thunderbolt?;
tripod-lebes
(inscr.

-85
-8

^^

,,

worn).

,,

-85

behind, traces of

monogram.

Head

of Apollo border of dots.

1.,

laur.

behind,

/S\

AAAIZAZ

Clasped
r.
;

r.

hands; above,
r.;

ear of barley

beneath, caduceus

border of dots.
207-5

IE

-95

Similar type behind, border of dots.

;

strung

bow

AAA ZAZ

10

85-

M M

-8

Apollo standing 1., holding in r. wreath his 1. resting on lyre; in field 1., Y> border of dots.
I
; ;

Similar type
11
58-85

r.

Similar

but

J^

execution rude.

Head
12
45-

of

Apollo

1.,

laur.

border of dots.

2E -55

AAAIZAZ APX
inscr.

Lyi-e

in field 1., cornucopiae border of dots.

; ;

13

50-5

-7

much worn.

Similar type.

AAA ZAZ
I

Lyre

border of dots,

63-

JE

-75

in field

r.,

J^

ALAESA ALUNTIUM
Metal
Size

167

No.

Weight

Obverse

Ebverse

Head

of

young
of ivy
;

Dioiiysos

1.,

wearing

AAAIZAZ
A PX
;

Warrior, wearing helmet

wreath

border of dots.

and

breast-plate, stand;

ing 1., looking baclc r. leans with r. on spear 1. rests on side and grasps sword in sheath border of dots.
;

15

45-

16

44-

M M

6:i
-7

in field

1.,

cornucopiae.
visible.

no symbol

Tonng male head

17
36-

1.

hair short,

and

tied

APX

Similar type,

with
-6

fillet.

traces of rest of inscr.

Toung male head

r.

drapery about neck.

AAAI ZAZ

Similar type

APX
18
40-

but warrior wears crested helmet,

;

and looks

1.

-65

Head

of

Ai'temis

1.,

wearing stephane

[A]AAIZAZ

border of dots.
19
33-5

APX
in field
1.,

Quiver with strap; in field r., strung bow; cornucopiae; border of dots.

-55

ALUNTIUM
Bbonze
Circa

241210
wearing

B.C.

{or earlier).

Head

bearded Herakles wreath border of dots.

of
;

r.,

AAONTIN UN
on quarry
;

Eagle standing
;

r.

wings open

plain border.

213-

M M

I-

beneath,

P and

traces of other letters.

[Cf.

B.M.C.,

p.

30

(2).]

104-

-95

(A

in inscr.)

Young male head

wearing Phrygian helmet, bound with wreath and ending dots. at top in bird's head border of
1.,
;

AAONTINIIN

Man-headed
;

bull

standing 1.; from his mouth gushes a stream of water plain border.

91-

M M

-8

[Plate

xii.

7.]

Head
44-6

of bearded Herakles

r.

AAONTI

Bow

with aiTOws, in
1.
;

case,

'nqn

and club

plain border.

168

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obveese

Reverse

AMESTRATUS
Bkonzb
It is doubtful wlieiher

supremacy.

Amestratus issued any coins before the period of Cf. AssoKUS, Calacte, Cephaloedium, etc.
Circa 241

Eoman

210

B.C.

{or earlier).

Head

of

young
of ivy
;

wreath

Dionysos r., border of dots.

wearing

AMHZTPA

Helmeted horseman, carrying large round shield, galloping 1., spear couched; above horse, AE[Y];
plain border.

62-5

-65

[Plate

xii.

8.]

176-

Bust of Artemis r., wearing stephane with crescent ornament behind, bow and quiver.
;

AMHZTPA
TINI2N

Apollo, facing, wearing chlamys and playing \jve border of dots.

;

-95

ASSORUS
Bronze
The
late date of the coins

of Assorus is shown by the fact that Latin inscription.

After 210
B.C.

all

have a

ASSORV

Head

of Apollo

r.,

laur.;

CRYSAS
ing
1.,

border of dots.

River-god Chrysas standchlamys over 1. arm; he holds amphora and cornucopiae; border of
dots.

178-

-9

[B.M.C.,

p.

31

(1).]

Female headr., wearing stephane, earring, and necklace; hair in bunch behind;
71-5

ASSOR[V]
of dots.

Yoke

of

oxen

r.

border

border of dots.
-75

CALACTE
Bronze
Circa
117/7* the

241210

B.C.

types of Nu. 1

compare Athens, Nos. 64 /.

Head
82- r,

of

Pallas

wearing

crested

Athenian helmet.

KA A [A]
KTI NIl[N]

Owl

standing
v.
;

r.

on

amphora
border.

plain

-7

AMESTRATUS CAMARTNA
No.

169

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Bevebse

Head

of

young
of

Dionysos
over

r.,

wearing
shoulder,

wreath
thyi'sos.

ivy;

his

Bunch of grapes, with KA A A KTIN12N

67-

thyrsos doubtful,

62-

[Plate
-6

xii.

9.]
1.,

behind, star of six rays.

in field

star of six rays.

Head
38-

of

Apollo

r.,

laur.

border of dots.

M M

KAAA
KTIN[I2N]

Lyre

of

five

strings

'55

border uncertain.

Bust of Hermes r., wearing petasos chlamys about shoulders.

-5

34-

KAAA KTINUN

Caduceusr.

plain border.

CAMARINA
Silver
Circa

495485

B.C.

In 495

B.C.

f'amarina,

ichiclt

had been

destroi/ed half a centurij he/ore by Syracuse,

the

loas rebuilt by

Hippocrates of Gela. Tea years later again destroyed it.

Syracusans

Litrae
Pallas standing

long chiton 1., wearing with diplois, aegis, and ci'ested helmet; she rests with r. on spear behind her,
;

Nike, flying
diplois
;

1.,

wearing long chiton with

at her feet,

swan

1.

all

within

wreath

of olive.

shield

plain boi'der.

11-2

-5

NAOIANAI

9AA\A>I
[Plate
xii.

10.]

11-9

-55

KAA\AP

\NMON

shield in front.
I

[B.M.G.,

p.

32

(3).J

Circa

461405
in

B.C.

The

toion icas

once more restored from Gela

citizens

461

B.C.

It

was abandoned by

its

during the great Carthaginian incasion.

Euboio-Attic Standard

Tetradrachms

[V\OI]AVMSAMA>l Head of
Herakles
1.,

bearded

Galloping quadriga
figure (Pallas?),

wearing

lion's skin.

driven by female helmet, and holds reins in both hands horses move in step above, Nike flying r. to crown charioteer border of dots.
1.,

who wears
;

2:>l-r>

1-3

in ex., crane

(oi'

swan) flying

r.

VOL,

I.

; ;;

170

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obveese

Eeveese

Head

of

skin,

young Herakles r., wearing lion's with paws tied at throat plain
;

[\MOIA>AiqA/V\A>l
of ex.)

border.

(on raised band Galloping quadriga r.; charioteer holds reins in both hands, goad in r.

above, Nike flying r. to in ex., three amphorae.

crown him

264-

1-

charioteer, almost off coin.

[Plate

xii.

11.]

Di drachm
Bust
of river-god Hipparis, three-quarter face towards 1., with small horns hair
;
;

KAA\ A
seated

r.

loose
side,

on

neck,

EYA
;

a fish waves.

downwards

all

on either in circle of

ming
her

1.

r.

/VA Nymph Kamarina on the back of a swan swimwith wings spread her head 1. arm clasps swan's neck her
PI
;

peplos falls over her knees, while the upper part is held with 1. as a s&.il; beneath swan, waves amid which, fish r. in field r., fish leaping ; border
; ;

130-2

of dots.
-9

[B.M.C.,

p.

36

(16).J

Beonze
The
liylit

loeujht

of

the following coins

shows that they cannot be of

ccrij

early date.

Circa 415

V 405

B.C.

Tr i ante s
Gorgon's head, diademed.
57-

KAMA
K and

Owl

r.,

holding up with

1.

claw

40-

M M

a lizard; in
-65
-6

ex.,

ex., off coin.

Head

of Pallas

1.,

wearing crested Athe;

Owl

1.,

holding up with

r.

claw a lizard

nian helmet, adorned with wing

of dots.

border

in ex.,

plain border.

49-

-6

A/v\A>l
[Plate
xii.

12.]

56-

10

so-

M M

-55
-55

KAAAA
,,

ex., off coin.

TJncertain Denomination
Similar to No. il
23(J.

Similar to No.

6,

but

ex., off coin.

-4^^

CAMARINA CATANA
Weight

171

No.

Metal
Size

Obveksk

Reverse

Cii-ca
Ill

345

B.C.

the time of Tiiiioleon the mint

of Camarina

became
1.

active.

KAAAAPINAIHN
wearing
12 13
53-5
56-

Head

of Pallas

1.,

Tree horse prancing

barley
1.
;

in

ex.,

ear of

crested

Athenian

helmet

plain border.

border of dots.

.E

-65

-65

last

two

letters of inscr,, illegible.

CATANA
Silver
Before circa 476
B.C.

Catana was a

Clitih-idiim settlement

from

N<ixos.

original inhabitants, refounded the town,

li i t r

In 476 B.C. Eieron drove out and changed its name to Aetna.

the

ae

Head
111

of Seilenos r.

border of dots.

KA A T

Thunderbolt of peculiar form, vrith curled wings border of dots.

;

-4

Similar.

Similar type in field border of dots.

;

1.,

uncertain object;

1-1-2

.R

-45

KATA
[Plate
xii.

/V

13.]

11-7

Al

-45

KAT A/V
Similar.

(no border visible).

KATA
object

A/
pkced

Similar type; uncertain transversely on thunder-

bolt

border of dots.

10-4
11-

^1-5

^45

type

1.

Euboic-Attic Standard
Circa

461415

B.C.

Some

years after JUcrou^s death the intniders,

their own, were expelled (461 B.C.), lohile the former

who had and founded

citii:ens

in the interralstruclc
the second

money of

Aetna

(q.v.),

returned.

T
Head
of Apollo
r.,

e tr

adra

hms
;

hair caught behind under string of wreath.

laur.
;

up

Slow quadriga r. charioteer holds reins with both hands above, Nike, flying r., crowns horses border of dots.
;

265-3 264-3

M M

1-05
1-1

[KA]TA/VAIoA/

KAT A A' [A |o A/]

line of ex., dotted.

z

172

SICILY

No.

Weight

METAI;
Size

Obverse

Revkesb

KATA/VA low
liead larger.

Similar type; but

Similar,

but Nike

flies

1.

and

crowns

charioteer.

262-

Al 11
[Plate
xii.

14.J

KATAA/AIOA/ Young
laur.,

male head

1.,

Similar, but

Nike

flies r.

charioteer holds

hair

short and wa\'y;

behind,

goad.
in ex., traces of symbol.

253-3

laurel-leaf

with berry.

1-05
[Of.

B.M.C.,

p.

44

(24).]

Similar head

r.

behind, dolphin upwai'ds.

Similar type

but no Nike visible

line of

ex., dotted.

10

254-6

Al

1-05

no

inscr. visible.

[Plate

xii.

15.]

CIrra
Ill this

415403
to a

B.C.

period the fonii of the inscription changes.

l)ioii>isni S

In 403

B.C.

Catana

teas saclced by

and handed over

body of his mercenaries.

Tetradrachms
Head
1.,

of Apollo, three-quarter face

towards

KATAA/AlfiA/
.

laur.; hair long

and

floating

round
;

him;

in

field

r.,

HPAKAEIAAS

border of dots.

(in ex.) Quadriga 1., driven by male charioteer, wearing long chiton, holding reins in both hands horses galloping, and the rein of the farthest hanging loose above, Nike standing r. on reins, crowning charioteer and holding filleted caduceus in ex., fish 1. plain border.
; ; ;

11

266-3

/R 11
[Plate
xii.

17.]

Head

of Apollo, facing, laur. hair parted in centre on r. side, lyi-e on 1., ,sti-ung bow; beneath neck, in field 1., border of
;

KATA/VA in A'

ArOAAHA/

'

XOIPinA/;

dots.

(in ex.) Gallopbg quadriga r., driven by male charioteer, holding goad in r. and reins in both hands; the rein of the farthest horse broken and trailing above, Nike flying 1., holding ends of open wreath beyond
; ;

the horses, the meta

is

visible

in ex.,

12

265-

cray-fish
1-1

r.

{B.M.C,

p.

47 (34).]

Drachms
.

EA/ A/A A/OS

;

{sic)

Head of young
1.,

river -god

KATANAin(inex.)

Amenanos

Galloping qnad;

with

short
river-

horn,
fishes

diademed around, two and cray-fish.

13

G-!-3

Al

-75 [Cf.

riga r. charioteer holds goad; rein of farthest horse loose; above, Nike, flying 1., crowning charioteer border of dots.
;

B.M.C.,

p.

48

(37.).]

CATANA
Metal
Size

173

No.

Weight

Obverse

Rkveesb

AME/VAOS

A/

Similar type.

KATANAIO
feet,
/V\

(in ex.)
;

but no loose rein

Similar type; beneath horse's fore-

61-3

.R

-8

[Plate xn. 16.]

Li t r ae
Head
12-1
of Seilenos
r.
;

border of dots.

KAT.
;

A/

A \0/V
;

15

cnrled wings to r. and border of dots. discs

-45

Thunderbolt with 1., two small

16

12-2

M-5

Similar, but head 1.

and wreathed

-with ivy.

KATAA/ Ain/V
xii.

Similar type.

[Plate

18.]

Head
17

of

nymph
;

1.,

wearing sphendone

KATANAin[N]
ex., oray-fish r.

Bull butting

r.

in

and earring
11-9

border of dots.

yR

-5

Bkonze
Fifth Century
B.C.

Head
18
229-5
^"E

of
;

young river-god
border of dots.

1.,

crowned with

NAIH
1.

(in ex.)

Man-headed bull

reeds
1-U5

walking
[Plate
xii.

19.]

Second Century

B.C.

(and earlier)
that

shows Catana early submitted to the Bomans. The abundance of its bronze coinage The types bear witness^ to the sincjidar their ride. it prospered under popularity of Egyptian cults in the district.

River-god recumbent 1.; in r., comu1. elbow leans on amphora copiae over 1. shoulder, branch; border of dots.
;

KATANAIHN
kouroi
;

Pilei

of

the

Dios-

above each, a

star.

19

73-

M M

-75

beneath,

lion's

head

r.,

between

/^

and
-85

f^

20

113-

between helmets, border of dots.

above which, owl

r.

Head

of Seilenos

r.

border of dots,

ANA
doubtful.

Bunch

of grapes

border

21

21-

JE

-5

traces of other letters.

[Plate

xii.

20,]

174

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obvekse

Ebvebse

Heads

of

Zeus Sarapis and

Isis,

both

r.

KATA NAIHN

Two

ears
;

leaves

of barley with plain border.

22

39-

-55

border obscure.

insor., partly ofE coin.

Heads
23
28-

of Isis

and Zeus Sarapis

(?),

both

Similar.

r.

border of dots.

-6

no border
[Plate
xii.

visible.

21.

With Marks of Value.

De konk
Bust
,

a
Apollo
facing

Zeus Sarapis laur., and Isis, both wearing high head-dresses, Isis with necklace drapery about shoulders in front, X border of dots.
of
r.,
; ; ;

NAIHN

KA TA

he
;

wears

chlamys over ]. shoulder, ends wound round each arm rests I. elbow on pillar, and holds laurel-branch and strung bow at his feet, omphalos, against which leans quiver plain
; ;

border.

24 25

7871-

M M

-7

(bolder not visible)

-8

Fentonki on
Head
of Apollo
r.,

laur.; border of dots.

KATA NAIHN
;

Female

figure (Isis?)

stand-

26

113-

-85

ing 1., holding bird on r., and wearing long chiton at her feet, dog 1. in front, | fl plain border.
;

Hexan te s
Head of Apollo
1.
,

laur.

behind, omphalos

border of dots.

KATA NAIHN
in 1. she in field r.,

Female
ing
;

figure

(Isis?)

stand-

1.,

long chiton r, holds bird;

II
;

wearing modius and elbow rests on pillar

r.,

27

51-

M M

in plain border.

patera;

-et

[Plate
Similar type
54-G

xii.

22.]

border of dots,

Similar

but figure stands

erect.

behind, uncertain monoo-ram.

CATANA
Metal
Size

176

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eevebse

Similar type

r.

border of dots.

KA TA
NAII2N

Similar.

29 30
31

47-

JE

-7

4342-

^E

-6

(border not visible.)

.E -65

32 33

4S-

JK

-6

behind,

40-

M M

-65

Similar type

r.

border of dots.

[K]ATA NAIQN
holds flower in
1.
;

Similar; but figure

no border

visible.

34

37-

-55

[Plate

xii.

23.]

The folloiBing are

loitliout marhs of value. But Nos. 35-38, lohere the brothers together, are evidently double Nos. 39-42, lohere they appear singly.

appear

AAZIO

Head

of

young Dionysos
;

r.

The Oatanaean
;

wearing wreath of ivy border of dots.

bthind,

brothers, wearing chlamydes, rescuing their parents from the lava-stream one advancing 1. with the
;

father,

who

holds
;

with the mother

35 36 37 38
93-

the other stafl! plain border.

;

r.,

6085-

92-

M M M M

-85
-8

katanaihn
KA tanaihn

-8

inscr.

and border, not

visible,

-85

monogr. and border, not

visible.

KATCANAIHN]

One

Oatanaean brothers, advancing r., rescuing his father, with garments flying between his legs, serpent.
of the
;

KATA NA IHN
his mother plain border.
;

Oatanaean of the brothers r., rescuing between his legs, serpent

One

39

45-5

-7

One

of the Oatanaean brothers r., rescuing draped figure seated on 1. shoulder in

;

K/\X/\

One
!,

of the Catanae8,n brothers

NAIHN
seated
r.

field

1.,

star of

eight rays

border of

on

1.

rescuing draped figure shoulder plain border.

;

40
41

32-

^ M

dots.
-6

-6

border not

visible.

fl in

inscr.

One

Oatanaean brothers 1., rescuing draped figure, with staff (his father) border of dots.
of the

K/\T"/\

One
!,
;

of the

Oatanaean brothers
figure

NAIHN

(his mother)

rescuing draped plain border.

42

17-

^E 'oo

; ;

176

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Eevxrse

KATANAI
Dionysos
hair
dots.
r.,

12

Head
;

-wearing

-wreatli

in

a bmich behind

of young of ivy border of

Dionysos, seated 1., draped, holding bunch of grapes and tbyrsos, in chariot dra-wn by two panthers runnicg r. border of
;

dots.

43

132113-

M
7E

-9

above,

E ^
,

>

and

EP

44

-85

on]y

K A

visible.

nothing visible in

field.

KATANAIHN
wearing petasos
45
120-5
129;

Head

of

Hermes

r.,

border of dots.

Nike advancing palm; infield

of dots.

1.,

1.,'fe

"^

holding vireath and Kp", if; border lOL_

,

"t"

46

M M

-85
-8

(border not visible.)

KATAN

..UN
Head
of

KATANAIHN
r.,

Zeus

Ammon

Aequitas

1.,

holding scales and cornucopiae;

laur.

border of dots.

in field 1.,

"^

in field

r.,

border of dots.

and

47 48

130-

145-

M M

-85
-9

(only

first

three letters of inscr. visible.)

monograms

in field

r.,

obscure.

Head

of

Zeus Sarapis

r.,

laur., radiate,
;

Isis,

and surmounted by head-dress

of dots.

faoiag, veiled and wearing head-dress

border

of globe, horns

and plumes, and

r.

ears of

barley
in field

she holds in
1.,

a long sceptre cornucopiae

[^,
/|i^

E^
;

sistrum, and figure

1.

of Harpocrates, holding in

in field

r.,

border of dots.

49

189-

JE 1-1

TAN

60

198-5

^
JE

UN
;

1-1

KA

place of sistrnm in field Lis occupied by monogr. that occupies field r. in preceding coin no cornucopiae.
;

51

141-

1-

UN
[Plate xhi.
l.J

as preceding.

Similar.

Similar type; in
of dots.

field r.,

sistrum; border

52

160-

^
7E

1-1

KATAN A
pocrates.

.;

in
of

field

1.,

traces
of

of

monograms
53
95-5
I-

and

figure

Har-

no border

visible.
tiiict.

small

figure quite

dis-

CATANA CENTURTPAE
Metal
Size

177

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Janiform head of Savapis, surmounted by modius in field 1., R^ and Kbh in

; ;

KATA
NAI
(K,

field r.,

y^^

border of dots.

Persephone (or Demeter?) 1., holding in r. two ears of barley, in 1. long torch border of dots.

UN

54 55 56

192-5
139151-

.E -95

off coin.)

M M

-95
-9

monogram

in field

r.,

obscure.

CENTUEIPAB
Bronze
Cirra 339
B.C.

Apparcnthi

this

Sllcel
is

Ohe. type

toion stniclc no money until it was liberated hij Timoleon. imitated from the Sijraciisan delcadrachms of Euaineios.

The

Sre Sykacusb, Nos. 52

ff.

Head

of

and wreath
47:

Persephone of corn

1.,
;

wearing earring axound, dolphins

;

KE

IP

(in ex.)
1.
;

Leopard (or

lynx) advancing

border of dots.

border of dots.
1-3

(A restruok

coin.)

IB.M.C,

p.

55

(1).]

After circa

241

B.C.

Dekonkia
Head
202173of Zeus r., laur.; behind, eagle wings open border of dots.
;

r.,

KENTO
PiniNIIN

Winged thunderbolt
beneath,
border.

plain

M ^

1-05
1-

[Plate

xiii.

2.]

Similar type
186173195-

border of dots.

Similar

thunderbolt slightly varied

of value.

no

mark

M M m

1-

-95
1-

KENTO
PITTNUN
Hemilitron
Head
dots.
of

Apollo

r.,

laur.;

border

of

KENTO PiniNQN

Lyre on either and J

;

side,

122VOL.
1.

-9

A A

178

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Revebse

Trias
Bust
of

Artemis
; ;

r.,

wearing stephane and

KENTO
PiniNIIN
field
1.,

61-

earring behind shoulder, top of and quiver border of dots.

-75

bow

Tripod-lebes, having neck and three handles; in plain border.

Hexante
Bust of Persephone (or Demeter ?) r., wearing earring, necklace, and wreath drapery about shoulders of barley
;

KENTO piniNUN

Plough

r. on the share, bird r. behind, J ; plain border.

;

61-

10
11

5177-

M M

border of dots.
-7

-65
-7

12

M M

behind head, ear of barley.

-65

[Plate xhi. 3.]

Uncertain Denominations
Head
13 14
39-5
23of bearded

Herakles

r.,

laui\

border

^
M

of dots.
-6

KEN TO PiniNQN
mark

Club

1.;

below, XI; plain

border.

-5

of value, not visible.

Head
15
22-

of Apollo
;

r.,

laur.

haii-

tied

with

KE NTO
dots.

Laurel-bough;

border

of

16

16-5

M M

fillet

border of dots.

-5

-45

much worn.

CEPHALOEDIUM
Bronze
Circa

254210

B.C.

(and later?)

Geplialoedium was originally a dependency It seems to have issued no of Uimera. money of its own until it came into possession of the Romans.

Head
105-

of bearded

Herakles

r.,

laur.; border

KE

of dots.

Club <t>A lion's skin and

downwards;
bow-case
;

behind, border of

dots.
-S:

CENTURIPAE ENNA
No.

179

Weight

Metai,
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Similar.

KE<1>

106-5

.E -85

A Club do vim wards from the handle hangs on one side, by the tail, a lion's skin, on the other side, by the strap, case containing strung bow and three arrows border of dots.
;

86-5

[B.M.C., p. 57
-85

(4).]

Female head

r.

hair in small knot behind

border of dots.

KE

Si-

Dionysos standing 1., holding <I>A kantharos, and thyrsos with fillet, his 1. elbow resting on a pillar ; at his feet 1., panther 1. with fore-paw raised, looking back border of dots.
;

-7

[Plate

xiii.

M
87-

4.]

-8

JE

-7

Young male head

laiu-el
;

r.,

wearing wi'eath

of

KE

border of dots.

Apollo, naked, standing towards holds in extended r. patera, while his 1. elbow rests on lyre supported by omphalos border of dots.
<I>A
1.
; ;

70-0

-75

traces of letters ?

[Plate

xiii.

5.]

ENNA
TJie coin-types

ofEnna

illustrale its connection with the loorship.of

PriiiJeiitins

Demeter and

Persephone, of the latter of lehom

says " placatur vaccae

slerilis cervice

reseda."*

Beonze
Circa 340
B.C.

AAM A
213-

Head

of

earring, necklace,

Demeter r., wearing and 'wreath of barley.

Head
r.
;

of cow,

with

fillets

on horns, towards

above, corn-grain.

1-

no

inscr. visible.

Similar type.
48-

EN

between two wreath of olive.

barleycorns

all

in

-6

Ciiiitra

Symm.

Oral,

i.,

:3.j!,

aptly quoted by Torromuzza.

Cf. Virgil, .Icii., vi. 251.

A A 2

180

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obveesb

Reverse

J/ie;- ciird

258

B.C.

ENNAI QN
fa'ing, holding

Triptolemos
in
;

r.

sceptre

standing over 1.

Two winged

serpents r., yoked to a plough beneath, barleycorn ; border of dots.

101-

slioulder,
'9

cUamys

border of dots.

[Plate xin.

6.]

ENNAIQN
44-

Goat reclining

r.

border

Boar

r.

border of dots.

of dots.
-6

As
[L]/V\VN
A\

Boman Municipiwn.
1.,

Head

of

Demeter

/V\VN
r.
;

veil and wearing stephano, hair wreathed with barley.

CESTIVS

364-

Hades in fast quadriga chlamys arched over his head in 1., sceptre; with r. carrying off Persephone, who leans backwards.

HEN

his

1-2

AAVN
lace
;

HENNA
'?)
,

(Artemis

Female head r. wearing earring and neck-

/v\

CESTIVS L MVNATIVS
figure
;

IIVI
;

Male

hair in bunch behind.

111-5

extended border of dots.

(Triptolemos ?) r. hand chlamys over 1. shoulder

1.
;

-8

EKTELLA
Entella,

a Sicnnian town, was seized in 404 B.C. by CamjjanJaiis who had served in the Carthaginian army. Hence the le(jend on the Iter, of JSos. 1 and 2. No. 3, which originally hore the name of L. Sciiqiroiiiiis Atnttiitns, belongs to the time of the Second Triii.incindc.
prohahly at
first

Beonze
Circa 340
B.C.

ENTE
;

Head of Persephone r wearing wreath of com, earring, and necklace hair falling behind and gathered together with a cord.
.

AMP A
1.
;

Pegasos flying

beneath, Corinthian helmet vpithont

r.

crest

115-

JE

-8

[Plate

xiii.

7.]

ENTE A A AZ

Bearded head r., wearing close-fitting helmet with cheekpieces, adorned with wreath; border of
dots.

Pegasos flj^ng r. thunderbolt; border of dots.

beneath,

156-

-85

After 241 Plead of Helios

8!i'

B.C.

r.,

radiate,

6NTA
AIN

Female

WN

figure 1., holding patera and cornucopiae.

yE

-8

no

iiisoi'.

visible.

ENNA GELA
Weight

181

Metal
Size

No.

Obverse

Reverse

BRYX
Cli-ca

415400

B.C.
it

Eryx was a

toivn

of

the.

FJij]iii,

bnt its coins sliow that

must have heen largely

Ucllcnizrd.

See under Abacaenum.

SiLVEE

Litrae
Aphrodite 1., seated, -wearing long cHton her 1. hand resting on seat in her r., dove, with wings open, r. behind, ti'ee; border of dots.
; ; ;

EPV KI[NON]
swastica ornament.

Hound

r.

above,

134
11-3

^R

-5

[Plate xni. 8.]

.-R -45

border not

visible.

GELA
Silver

Euboic-Attic Standard
Before circa 466
B.C.

The fiUoidiuj coins helong mainly to Gela leas a colony from Crete and Bhodes. Hippocrates and Qelon; the latter (f whom, however, wealcnied the the reimis of Syracuse, where he had made qreathi by transferring half of its inhabitants to citii direct allusion to the It is possible that the Nilce on the Ohr. is a tiirant himself Ohpupla b,, Gclvn in 488 B.C.* It makes its appearance about this victori aained at well as on those of Syracuse, and remains a time on the coins of Leonfiiii as
usnid adjunct of
'

agonistic

'

types.

Tetradrachms
Slow quadriga chiton, and a'..ove, Nike
of ex., double
r.;

charioteer wears long

CEAA5

holds
r.,
;

goad and crowning horses

rems;
;

swimming

Forepart of man-headed bull, all within circular incuse. r.

;

line

border of dots.

26S-8

.R

1-1

[Plate
Similar type both hands
1-05
;

xiii.

9.]

charioteer holds reins in border of dots.

5A A 33

Similar.

261-8

long Slow quadriga r. charioteer wears and holds reins in both hands chiton, visible; beyond horses, the metJi is
;

CEAAS

Similar.

border of dots.
266-6

1-05
* See however. Imhoof Blumer,

mc

nurjfocstaUcnder Athena und Nike a.f Miin.en,

is

p.

23

(yJkitschr.,

vol. iii.),

where

its

orig.u

traced to ths.

182

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Similar

but charioteer holds goad in

I.

C EAAS
flying
r.,

Similar type

above,

Nike

264-1

crowning

bull.

1-05

Similar type

charioteer holds goad in r. above. Nike flying r., crowning horses;

;

CEAA5

Similar type; v^ithout Nike.

border of dots.
268-6

1-15

in ex., ear of barley

r.

[Plate

xiii.

10.]

Similar type
-Nike flying
of dots.

1.

1.,

no meta visible crowning horses

above,

5AA3[)]
execution.

Similar

type,

of

i-ude

border

2G4-8

M.

1-

in ex., barleycorn.

D i d ra c hms
Bearded

horseman

r.,

naked
1.

his

r.

holds raised spear, his prancing.

7

reins; horse

Forepart of man-headed bull, swimming r. within circular incuse.

130-3
131-2 130-2

8 9

M M
^l

-8

horseman wears crested helmet.

CEAA5

-85

-85

no helmet.
[Plate

SAAB)
xiir.

11.

10
11

130-

132-

M M

-8

helmet uncertain.

5
helmet with border of dots.

AA 33

-85

horseman wears

tall conical
;

CEAA S

long neck-piece

Litr ae
Horse walking
r., with bridle hanging in the shape of a crescent above, wreath border of dots.

down

Forepart of man-headed bull, swimming

r.

12

14-2

-45

5A Aa>
[Plate
xiii.

12.]

13

12-4

9-3

M M

-5

traces of inscr.

-46

CEAA

GErA
Metal
Size

183

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Circa

466415
at

B.C.

On

the restoration of the

democracy

Syracuse (466

B.C.), the

deported citixens

returned,

and Gela entered on a period of prosperity.

Tetradraclims
Slow qnadriga r. charioteer vrears long chiton, and holds goad in r., reins in both hands above, Nike flying r. with wreath and fillet in ex., device consisting of honeysuckle ornament between two volutes border of dots.
; ; ;

<EAAS

Forepart of man-headed bull,

r.
;

swimming

plain border.

15

262-7

1-2

[Plate

xiii.

13.]

Similar; but device in ex., obscure.

IG

CEAA5

swimming
262-

Forepart of man-headed bull, 1., ear turned forward.

.R 11

Slow quadriga
in
r.

17

252-2

Nike
1-

charioteer holds goad hand, and reins in both above, flying 1., crowning horses.
1.;
;

5 A AST

Forepart of man-headed bull,

r.

swimming

Obol or Litra
prancing 1., wearing crested he holds reins in r., and helmet plain in 1. spear and round shield;
;

Horseman

CEAA^

Forepart of man-headed bull,

r.

swimming

18

9-1

border.
-55

Circa

415405

B.C.

In 405

B.C.

the

people

of Gela had to invaders. of the Carthaginian

abandon

their

city

to

the

mercy

Obol or Litra
Head
young Herakles
r.,

of
;

wearing

lion's

skin
19
9-1

behind, astragalos.

Bearded and honxed head of river-god Gelas 1., crowned with barley,
in front, traces of inscr.

yR-4

184

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obterse

Revbese

Bronze
Circa 415

405

B.C.

Triant es

FEAAZ
in ex.,

Bull walking

1.,

head lowered;

Wheel

of four spokes in the spaces between which, four barleycorns plain

; ;

20

so-

border.
-75

[Plate

xiii.

14.J

FEAAZ
in ex.,

Bull walking 1., head lowered; border of dots.

;

Young head

21 22

ys-

69636254-

23 24
25

M M M
iE

of river-god Gelas r., with short horns over forehead hair erect behind, barleycorn ; border of dots.
;

-7

-7

-75

(marks of value, not

(inscr.,

visible.)

no symbol,
symbol doubtful,
.symbol as usual.

-75
-7

not

visible.)

above, barleycorn.

Bull walking

r.;
;

above, branch of olive

with fruit
26
49-

FEAAZ

Similar head;

hair smooth;

r.

border of dots.

same border.

-7

ex., of coin.

TJncertain

Denomina'tions

Head
27
66-

of

bearded

Herakles

r.,

wearuig

FEAIi

[UN]
1.,

lion's skin.

god Gelas

^3

Bearded head of rivercrowned with barley.

-65

Similar

but Herakles beardless.

2S

33-

FEAmilN

Similar.

-55

Head

of

Demeter
r.,

three-quarter

face

Similar type

towards

border of dots.

wearing wreath of barley

and necklace.
29
42-

JE

-55
-5

traces of insor.

30

4G-5

iE

FEAni D.N
[B.M.C.
p.

74 (77),J

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obvh
llKVEBSE

Circa 340

B.C.

Timoleon found Gela

In

a state of decay, and sent a fresh colony tUthe

routh wearing chlamys

about to slay
r.,

with sword a ram springinghe seizes with 1. hand.

31
ISO-

Free horse prancing

r.

which

JE

1-

helmet, off coin.

[Cf.

B.M.C.,

p.

75

(79).]

After circa 241

B.C.

Head

of

young river-god Gelas

;

r.,

crowned

with reeds

rEAQ.1

border of dots.

Youth r., wearing crested helmet and chlamys, about to slay witli sword a ram springing r., which he holds with 1. hand behind,
;

UN

108-

33
34

12163-

M M M

-8

plain border.

-9

border of dots

no

inscr. visible.

-85

eountermarked (on neck and chin) with bucranium.

inscr. as usual

no border

visible

and

doubtful.

HERBESSUS
JTcrhe.'^mn,

Wee some other Sihel towns,

e.g. Centnripae (q.v.), about the time of Timoleon.

first

strml money

Bronze
Circa 340

B.C.

Head
289-

of
;

nymph

Sikelia

r,,

with wavy

Head and neck

border of dots.

of

man-headed

bull

r.

hair

plain border.

11
(Restruek on a piece resembling Syracuse No. 114; visible on Reverse.)
[Pr,ATli
xiil,

EYO

and outline

of hair of Zeus,

still

15.]
H B

18

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Revebse

HIMERA
Silver

Aeginetic Standard
Before circa 482
B.C.

Tlie standard of the following series is the same as that of the earliest coins of the other Chalcidic colonies in the West (Naxus, Zancle, Cumae, Bhegium). It is probable that it leas introduced from the island of Naxos. In practice it looidd be convenient for the trade with Gorcyra (q.v.) .* The coch is connected with the loorship of AsTclepios, or of Heralcles, who was associated loith the loarm springs, famous as early as the days of Pindar (Olymp. xii. 19), and alluded to in the Fee. type of Nos. 10 /.

Drachms
Cock advancing
1.;

border of dots.

84-7

JR

-85

Square device, consisting of four triangles incuse and four in relief, the whole giving the effect of a mill-sail; all within incuse border of small squares.

[7?Jf.C., p. 76 (l).j

82-9

yR

-8

type

r.

Cock advancing

r.

border of dots.

Hen

r.

border of dots

all

within circular

incuse.

85-(i

above, dot

and

v
[Plate
xiii.

16.

Cock

1.;

border of dots,

Hen

enclosed by linear square 1., within incuse square.

lines.

all

91-2

yR

-85

above, dot.

border of

[Plate
89-6

xiii.

17.]

88-9

M M

-8

no

dot.
I

incuse border of small squares.

-8

type

r.

in front,

JV

* Dr. Imlioof-Blumer has pointed out that these light Aee-infifiV ,l..oi, octobols. Thus three of thera would make one Attic tetradraehm whif f, f T,^^l^ ^ttic ^'"' f '"em would be oqiial to two Corinthian draolims,
'

IITMERA

187

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Oevkrsk

Reverse

Euboic-Attic Standard

Circa

482472

B.C.

134-2

.11

-8

188

SICILY

No.

Ill

M1-:KATHKRlfAE HQIEUKNSKS

189

No.

190

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reveese

Obols

O E PM IT A A/
ing
witli
eai-ring,

Head of Hera r. wearnecklace, and Stephanos

,

Young

honeysuckle ornament.

Herakles, naked, seated 1. on rock covered with, lion's skin, holding in r. club downwards resting on rock 1. behind, strung bow.
;

87
7-8

.R
JR

-5

plain border,

plain border.

-5

border of dots.

behind bow,

AIS

border of dots.

Bronze

OEPAMTAN
ing
earring,

Head of necklace,

Hera 1., wearand Stephanos

Head

of
;

young Herakles
border of dots.

1.,

wearing

lion's

skin

adorned with honeysuckle oi'naments; border of dots.

117'6

AH

-8

Similar type
42-5
41-

r.

plain border.

OEPAMTAN
bordei-.

Similar type

r.

plain

JE

-6

.E 55

no border

visible.

inscr. illegible

no bordei'

visible.

After circa 241

B.C.

Bronze

Head

of

lion's

skin

bearded Herakles r., A\earing over shoulder, club border

;

[e]PA\ITAN
;

of dots.

132-

-85

Three nymphs, and peplos the one on the I. holds in r. a bunch of grapes the middle one (the City) is turreted and veiled each grasps in 1. the end of her peplos bolder of dots.
(inex.)
facing, clad each in chiton
; ;
;

[Plate
Similar

xiv. 4.]

no club

visible.

QP Ml TAN

Figure
veiled
;

of

the

City

L,

and turreted, wear-

100'5

.E

-85

ing chiton and peplos she holds patera and cornucopiae border of dots.
;

b'emale head

r.,

wearing

veil;

border of

27-5

dots.
-5

PM [I] TAN

She-goat reclining
of dots.

1.

border

Female

head

r.,

veiled
;

and

turreted;

behind, cornucopiae

GEPMITUN
staff

boj'der of dots.

IMEPAID.N
v.,
;

Aged

Stesichorus, drai)ed.

10

153-

.E

1-

and reading book

leaning on long border of dots."

THRRMAE HIMERENSES LEONTIX

Metal
Size

191

No.

Weight

Obvkuse

Reverse

HYBLA MAGNA
Tliin

town does not seem

to

to

Borne.

hare struck money till Cf. Amesteatus, etc.

cii-ra

it

became subject

After

210

B.C.

Female bust

r. (goddess Hybkea), veiled, "wearing necklace and modius drapery behind, bee v. border over shoulders
; ; ;

YEA AZ [M]ErAAAZ
plain border.

Maenad

1.,
;

draped, holding kantharos and thyrsos at her feet, she-panther r., leaping up

of dots.

130-5

JE

-8

(border, off coin.)

[Cf.

B.M.C.,
I

p.

84 (1).]

U4:-

-9

159-

192

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obveksk

Eeveese

Slow quadriga
charioteer,
lie
r.

r.,

arm and shoulder

r.
1.,

driven by young male bare

AEO

A/
r.,

TIA/
laur.
;

Head

of

holds branch, in above, Nike, flying in ex., lion running

and reins in 1.; crowning him

border of dots.

r.

250-9

hair cut short over forehead, arranged in formal curls over temple, and plaited behind, -with tress falling behind ear around, thi-ee laurelleaves beneath, lion i-unning r.
; ;

Apollo

1-1

[Cf.

BM.C,

p.

87 (10).

Didr a olim
Naked horseman
reins
;

r., holding -whip and horse walking border of dots.

;

AEO/VTI/VOA/
r.

with

open mouth

around,

Lion's head four

barleycorns.

131-0

JR

-85

b
Lion's scalp facing
10-.-,
;

border of dots.

Barleycorn

plain border.

M
M

-4

AE
o/V

-4

AE
ClrcH

ON
B.C.

466422

When tie dynasty of Gelon was eTpelled from Syracuse, Leontini naturally became free It prospered till war broke out with Syracuse, ichen, in spite of Athenian aid, it was reduced to a condition of dependence.

Tetradrac hms
Head
of Apollo
r.,

wearing laurel- wreath.

hair cut

short

Lion's head
,

r.

with open mouth

around,

front,
;

and

tied

in

bunch behind with cord tress escapes behind ear border of dots.
;

four barleycorns,

269271-

M 1-05 M 1-05

wreath has two rows

of leaves,

/\EO A/T\

N
NO N
Lion's head
1.^

wreath has three rows of leaves.

VEO

A/ Tl

Similar type I.; hair rolled behind border of dots.

incuse

VEOA/T[l] A/ OA/
with open mouth
corns.
;

around, four barley-

10

259-2

I-l

wreath has three rows of

leaves.

Similar type

r.

border of dots.

EO/V T
r.,

A/

A/
;

with open mouth

around,

Lion's head three

11

262-1

/R 1-05

two rows of

leaves.

barleycorns; behind, tripod-lebes.

[Plate

.\iv.

;;

LEONTINI
llKTAL Size

193

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Head

of

Apollo

1.,

laur.

hair

loose

VE O
corns.

/^

Tl A'OA'
;

Lion's

head

1.,

beliind.

with open mouth

around, four barley-

12

L'lU.-2

A\

95

no

boi'der visible.

Similar type
dots.

r.

hair

short

border of

VE OA'TIA'
tripod-lebes.

Similar OA" in around, four barleycorns

;

tj^je field

r.
1.,

13

2G6o

.R

1-

[Plate

xiv. 8.]

L
Lion's head
of dots.
r.,

t r

a e
River-god, naked, standing 1., holding in in 1., branch patera over altar r. behind, barleycorn.
;
;

with open mouth

border

14
15

13-

-R

-55
-5

UEO

/v

11-8

.R

UEO/v
[Plate
xiv, 9.

Head
16
11-5

of Apollo r., laur.; behind; border of dots.

hair

rolled

UE
/Vo

Barleycorn

plain border.

Ai

-45

Bronze
Circa

466422

B.C.

Trian t e s

AE[0/V]
17
18
3628-

Head
;

of

Apollo

r.,

laur.,

M M

with short hair behind, laurel-leaf with berry plain border.

;

Tripod-lebes, with three handles between the legs, lyre on either side, barleycorn
; ;

in ex.,

-55
-6

traces of inscr.

type

1.

symbol in

front.

After circa 210

B.C.

The

city coined in

the Bomans. Timoleon's time, and again under

Bust

chlamys about of quiver neck; behind shoulder, top of dots. border

of Apollo
r.,

laur.;

[A^ION^
ing^m
^^ ^^^;^

[^

N^N
^^^^^

De.^^^^^

i^^eai^s^

^,^^^^

^^

^^^^^^^

19

179VOL.
I.

-9

194

SICILY

No.

Weight

20
21

no94-

4J.-

26

28

49-5

29

LEONTINI MJ-; N A ENUM

Mktal
Size

Jlir

W'e IGHT

Obvkrsk

Reverse

1<.)6

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reveksb

3
i

46-

M M

-75
-75

beneath horses, TT
behind,

no

letter.

Bust
53-

of Apollo
;

r..

laur.

li

air long; behind,

M EN A
I

Lyi-e

TT
-7

border of dots.

NUN

plain border.

Similar.

MEN A
IN

Asklepios
patera,
staff
;

r.,

holding
in
1.

in

r.

ON

and

serpent-

77-

M
yE

plain border.

-7

61-

-7

Te trantes
Bust of Demeter r., wearing necklace, wreath of corn, and veil border of
;

M EN A
I

NnN
||||

Two

torches border.

crossed

plain

4746-

M M
M M

dots.
-7

beneath,

-65

[Pla'ie

xiv. 12.]

10
11

46-

-65
-7

beneath,

,,

57-

border, doubtful.

Trias
Head
dots.
I

of

bearded Herakles

r.;

border of
|

MENA
iNiiN

Ckibr.; in

field r.,

12

-Q
;

bordei', doubtful.

MESSANA
SiLVEE

Aeginetic Standard
Before 493
B.C.

orighally called Zcmcle, in its first issue* folloioed the fabric hut not the tceight, of the corns struck by the Achaean Monetary Confederation, for ichich .ec Meta FOmvj/i After It abandoned the pecuHar fabric, it maintained the Jc,,inetic u-ciaht (see under Himeea), apparently until 493 B.C., vhen it was seized by Sa,nians and Milesial. in the ratere.ts of Ancaulaos Its name ^vas then changed of Ilhcgivm. to 31cl'ana

Messmia

Drachm
I>

85-2

<

ANKUE Sickle - shaped object (harbour of Zancle), within which, dolphin 1. border of dots between lines.
;

Incuse square of peculiar pattern, containing scallop.

[Plate
*

xiv.

13.]
xvi., pp.

Wee A.

J.

Evans

in Nviii. L'hrun., 3rd Serici,, vol

1(1

f.

MENAENUM ]\[1']SSAXA
No.

197

198

SICILY

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Drachm
Similar charioteer without goad leaf has fruit.
;
;

laurel-

AAESSA ^1 0\A

Hare running

r.

the whole within olive-wreath.

63'9

A\

C'in-a

420396

B.C.

In 396

B.C.

^lesKiiiKi

It

icas

was razed to the (jrovnd by the Carihaghiirnis. afterwards restored hij Dioiii/siiia.

Tetradrachms
Slow biga
figure
of mules r., di-iven by draped (Messana) she holds reins in both hands, and stands erect above, Nike r., stepping on reins and crowning mules in ex., laurel-leaf with fruit r. border of dots.
;
; ; ;

MES
r.
;

A A/ lO

A/
r.
;

Hare running
border of dots.

beneath, dolphin

10

264-3

.R

1-

[B.M.C..

p.

103

(3T).J

Similar type;
reins
;

11

262-2

^1-05

M ESS AN A

Messana holds goad with no Nike above and in front,

;

IA\ES S A A/ lO A/

Similar,

border of dots.

[Plate

xiv.

16.J

Similar type
;

1.

farther

mule seen in

advance no goad; above, Nike r., crowning Messana in ex., two dolphins
;

rA S S
r.
;

A A/ lOA/
r.
;

beneath, dolphin

Hare running border of dots.

meeting. 12
2r,.v2

JR

'.>:

110

Ijorder visible.

Similar

border of dots.

HOI HA g 53 AA
;

Hare running

1.;

13

204-

,R

1-

beneath, young male head )., diademed, with short horns border of dots.

[Plate

xiv.

17.]

Biga of mules 1., driven by Messana, wearing long chiton with chlamys she stands upright, and holds in both hands reins with goad above, Nike r., crowning charioteer; in ex., two dolphins
; ;

A\ESSANinN
dots.

Hare

running
;

r.

beneath, dolphin over waves

border of

II

2."i(;-!i

niec'ling;

Iiorder of dots.

]\IKSSANA

lil!)

No.

Weight

Metal
SiZF.

Dbverse

Reverse

Dr a clim
Head
ring,

of Pelorias 1., weaving necklace, earand wreatli of corn; in front,

Pheraimon, naked, advancing

;

1.,

wearing

nEAflPIAS;
1.
;

beneath neck, dolphin

crested helmet, and holding spear round shield around, 4>EP I in field
r.,

and
;

A M UN

border of dots.

border of dots.

15

.R

g:.

[Plate

xiy.

18.]

Li t rae
Hare running
16 17
10-3
r.
;

border of dots,

/V\E5 within wreath

of olive.

.R
.n

:>:>

beneath, ivy-leaf

r.

71

-.1

18

lis

M
rR

V).-)

,,

sciillojj.

[Plate
19
10-5
scallop

xiv.

19.]

and

Bronze
CIrra

42039G
/V\E
1.,

B.C.

Head

Pelorias 1., wearing sphendone and necklace; in front, on either side of neck, dolphin downof

S5A N
scallop
;

12

PEAHPIAS;

in field

r.,

Trident; infield hare do\\'nwards.

wards
20
70-

border of dots.
border, doubtful.

JE

-7

[Plate

xiv.

20.]

Circa

357 2,s2

B.C.

ZelTagclt
Head
of

Bu

the time

recovered itself as to talce part in the of Lion Me.sana had so far probahl, strncl then. earliest of the following roere The Dionysins II.
1.,

Poseidon
;

laur.

in

front,

/V\5

poSEIAAN
wards.

behind, dolphin down-

dent between two dolphins downwards between the prongs, two smaller dolphins downwards border of dots.
;

gA

Nl riN

Ornamented

tri-

21

221-

.*;

1-

border, doubtful.

Similar type around, border of dots.

;

[r]05EI

AAN

/V\ESSANII2N
trident
;

Ornamented

between two dolphins downwards between the prongs, honeysuckle ornaments; border of dots.

189-

M
A']

-9.:

[Plate
i-der

xiv.
I

21.

22.")

It.-.

not visible.

inscr., oljscui'e.

200

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Revbrse

Similar type; in front, behind, pine-torch ? border of dots.

;

POSEIAAN

AAESSANII2N
trident between

Ornamented two dolphins upwards.

24

100-

-85

border plain ?

Head

of

nymph Pelorias

of corn, earring,

PEAHPIAS;
meeting
;

1., wearing wreath and necklace behind, in front, two dolphins

;

MEZZANinN
;

Naked

(Pherainion) advancing 1., crested helmet holding in

warrior wearing
r.

speai',

border of dots.

25

12.-,

and on chlamys

1.

arm,
;

round

shield

with

trailing

plain border.

-9:.

Similar.

MESSANIHN
horses
r.,

(in ex.) Fast biga of driven by Nike, who holds

1.

2G

107-

goad in
-8

r.

and reins in

no legend

visible.

Head
27
95-

of
;

skin

young Herakles border of dots.

1.,

wearing

lion's

Lion advancing

r.

above, club

r.

yE

-8

MEZZAMinM
MEZS[ANinN]

in ex., pine- torch

border of dots. border not

visible.

28
29

9296-

-76

J)

,,

^8

MEZZANION

coiled serpent ?

plain border.

MAMERTINI
Bronze
Circa
Sniiw
time

282210

B.C.

death of Agatholcles his Italian mercenaries mulcrtook to Instead of doing so, they treacherously seized Mci^Mva (282 r.c), ctssimed the name of children of Mamers' (Ares), and became a formidahlc poiver the island. Their coins shoidd he compared n-ith Syracuse, Nos. 199 /.
after the

leaee Sinly.

AAPANOY
bearded,

Head

wearing

of Adranus 1., crested Corinthian

A\AA\EPTININ
plain border.
above,

(in ex.)

Hound

r.

helmet
8;-!-

border of dots.
<t>

'75

legend not visible.

no

letter.

JtESSANA MAMERTINI
Metal
Size

201

No.

Weight

2m-

1-1

289-

.E 11 .E
1-1

Ido-

M
267

1-1

1-1

162-

2E -95

167-

-9

10

65o

-7

11

256-

12

2(i2

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Head

of Apollo

r.,

laur.

hair long.

Naked

warrior,
;

round shield
15
133-

advancing r., holding spear raised to strike.

-9

ti'aces of inscr.

Head

of Apollo symbol ?

1.,

laur.; behind, traces of

MAMEPTIN
of dots.

Omphalos

border

16

5G-

-Q

border doubtful.

After circa 210

B.C.

The Mamcrtial remained staunch to Borne throughout the Funic Wur.'<, and settlement of 210 B.C. Messana ivas reckoned a civitas foederata.'
'

at the

Hexant es
Head
dots.

of Ares

r.,

laur.;

front,

APE02I;

hair short; in behind, border of

;

MAM EPTINUN
;

Pallas (or Enyo?),

17

141-

M
M

-9

wearing crested helmet, on the defensive r. she grasps spear in r., and with 1. holds upright her shield, which rests on the ground; border of dots.
restrnck.)

(No. 17

is

18

97-

1-1
I

lie

hard Weight

Fentonkia
Head
of

Zeus

r.,

laur.

border of dots.

MAMEPTINUN
in held
r.,

Naked

wai-rior,

wearing crested helmet, charging r. with spear, and holding round shield;
19
172186-

20
21

180125-

M M M M 1-1
1-1

fl

border of dots.

behind head, star of seven rays,

behind head, club downwai-ds.

behind head, spear-head upwards.
(No. 22
is

(MAMEP TIMQH)
inscr. obscure.

22

.^

1-

restruck.)

Similar.

MAMEPTINUN
meted
r.

Warrior
r.

r.

(hel-

with spear in raised hand, and holding round shield in

?),
;

striking

field
ilij-

r.,

fl

I'l

behind head, pentagram.

no border

visible.

MAMERTINT
Metal
Size

203

No.

Weight

Obverse

Revebse

Head

of Ares

1.,

laar.

hair sliort

border

Warrior advancing
;

of dots.

carrying chlamys 1., holds with r. hand head over 1. arm of horse walking 1. in 1., spear ; in field
;

1.,

n
TIN[I1]
;

2-i

185-

1-

MA MEP
behind bead, Pbrygian helmet nating in griffin's head.
r.,

N;

border plain.

25

179-

JE 1-05

termi

MA MEPTINUN
xv. 2.]

border of dots.

[Plate
170-

1-05

behind head, parazonium.

as preceding.

Head

of Apollo l.,]anr.; hair long; behind,

;

MAMEPTINUN
spear,
field r.,

lyre

border of dots.

Warrior, facing, wearing chlamys over 1. shoulder; holds in r. parazonium, and with 1. leans on
against

which

rests

shield

in

27
28
29

167182-

125-

^ M ^

border of dots.

1-1

1-05 1-05

typer.

warrior towards

1.,

head bent

fl in inscr.

Similar type
dots.

r.

behind, lyre

border of

M AM EPTI NUN
rocks,

Warrior seated 1. on chlamys he holds in r. spear 1. arm, which rests on round shield, supports head; in field 1., fl on which
;

lies

border of dots.

30

162-

JE 11

Trias
Head
of

Apollo

r.,

laur.

hair

long;

AM EPTI N

Q.N
;

Nike
in field
1.,

1.,

holding

border of dots. 31
123-

wreath and palm

Ill

-9

behind head, traces of symbol.

Uncertain Denomination*
Head
of

young Herakles in

lion's skin r.;

MA[M]EPTINI2N
r.,

Artemis running
at her
;

holding long lighted torch;

border of dots.

feet,

dog running

r.

infield

r.,

XII

border of dots.

32

125-

-9

[Plate

xv.

3.]

* Snp p. 14G, footnote.

D D

"J

204

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

MOKGANTINA
This loas a Sikcl Unnn.

See vnder Abacaenum.

Circa

1.20400

B.C.

Silver

li i

tr a

MOPTA N
Pallas,

Tl

Nn N

Head

of

Nike wearing peplos, seated

holds in r. wreath, border of dots.
1.

I.

three-quarter face towards r., wearing' helmet with three crests ; hair flowing ; border of dots.

rests

on rocks; on rock

15-4

-4:,

traces of letters.
[Pi.A're XV,
4.

Cii-ea

340

B.C.

The

types of Kas. 2

and 3

hcn-e

been suggested by the coins of Velia.

Beonze

AAOPrANTINHN
r.,

Head

of

Pallas

Lion

r.,

tearing stag's head

border of

wearing a very highly ornamented Athenian helmet, having three crests and adorned with serpent behind, owl r. border of dots.
;
:

dots.

254-

1-

between

lion's legs, serpent,

284-

1-

no serpent.

Young male head

r.,

laur.

Tripod-lebes, with neck border of dots.

and three handles

54-

M M

-65

in front, traces of letters

border doubtful.

A\

OPPAN
OPr
.

[TINI2N]

45-:,

-5.5

behind, leaf

border of dots.

A\

TINUN

. ;

MORGANTINANAXUS
No.

205

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

MOTYA
SiLVEE

Euboic-Attic Standard
Circa

480420

B.C.

Moll/a was a Phnenician settlement. It struclc no money until the great victory of Thcroit and Gelon at Himera threw the Carthaginian portion of Sicily open It is significant that the inscriptions on the coins of these to Hellenic influence. Phoenician colonies are frequently in Greelc.

Bidr achius
Head
of

nympli

r.

liair

times round by a dolphins.

fillet;

bound four around, three

/V\0

TVA

lO/V

Naked youth
galloping
;

seated
1.
;

sideways on horse grasps mane with r. border of dots.

he

line of ex., dotted

126-

120-4

M M

-85

youth grasps reins in

beneath,

1.

-85

Hz

youth about to leap down his 1. rests on hor se' s flank inscr only partially legible
; ; ,
.

Circa

420397

B.C.

The Ohv. type of the following coin Motya was sacked hy Dionysius in 397 B.C. The Bev. type is Agrigentine. imitated from Syracuse, Nos. 63 /.* is apparently

Tetradr aclim
Female head 1., wearing sphendone, necklace, and earring; around, four dolphins.
1-1

Crab,

240-3

[Plate

xv. 5.]

NAXUS
Silver

Aeginetic Standard
Before circa 490
B.C.

For

Ahout Naxus, see under Himeea. the weight of the early coins of and afterwards to Syracuse. the city became subject to Gela,

490

B.C.

Drachm
Archaic head of Dionysos 1., with pointed beard and long hair, wearing wreath of ivy border of dots between lines.
;

Bunch WO XAWbetween two grapes hanging border

of
I

from

stalk

leaves

of dots

between

lines.

86-5

1-

[Plate

xv. 6.]

See A. J. Evans, Syracusan "Medallion.," etc,

{Num. Chron., 3rd

Series, vol.

xi.,

p. 272).

20G

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metai,
Size

Obverse

Rbvebse

Obols
Similar type
;

border of dots.

Bunch
lines.

of grapes

border of dots between

11-7

11-2

M M

-45

-5

V\OIX

AW

Euboic-Attic Standard
Circa 461

415

B.C.

Of

the fortunes of

Naxus under the tyrants nothing is laiown. But on the fall of dynasty of Qelon at Syracuse it regained its independence (461 B.C.).

the

Tetradraclini

Head

of Dionysos r., bearded, wearing wreath of ivy hair long, and gathered into a knot behind border of dots.
;

/V

AX

OA/

Bearded

Seilenos,

naked, ithyphallic, with pointed ears and long tail, seated on the ground, facing, head turned to 1., towards wine-

4*

238-9

MM
[Plate

cup in his ground.

xv. 7.]

r.

hand

his

1.

hand

rests on

Iiitrae or
Similar head
10-1
r.
;

Obols

border of dots.

X A
I

-45

Bunch

of grapes on stalk the whole within wreath of ivy.

;

Similar.

Bunch

of grapes

on

stalk.

10-9

M M M
M

-45

stalk has

two

leaves.

11-4

-45

\A AXI

stalk has leaves

and

tendrils.

9-

-45

/VAX
NAXI
;

13o

-5

type

1.;

hair loose behind.

noinscr.;

[Plate

xv.

8.

* The genuineness of this specimen is doubtful. design on the Rev. has been finished by tooling.

It is

about 30 grains too light

'

and the

'

NAXUS PANORMUS
No.

207

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

C;rc<i

415403

B.C.

Blonijsius destroyed

Naxus

in

403

B.C.

D idr achm

A/AZIHA/ Head
hair turned
leaf

of Apollo
;

r.,

laur.;

Seilenos, facing, seated

on

r.
;

heel, holding to
1.,

up behind
;

behind, laurel-

kantharos
to
r.,

with berry

border of dots.

10

131-6

thyrsos vine; plain border.

and

term

.11 -s:

[Plate xv.

9.]

He mi drachms
Young head
;

of river-god Assinos 1., vfith short horn, wearing wreath of vineleaves around, I S; border

/VAZ

fl/V

Seilenos, facing, seated

to
1.
1. towards hand, pipes.

ASS /VO

on 1. heel, head turned kantharos in r. hand ; in

11

31-3

of dots.
-6

Similar type

border of dots.

/VAUfl/V
r.

Seilenos, facing, seated

r.,

on
1.,

heel,

holding in

kantharos

in

branch.
1-2

31-2

-R

-55

Litra or Obol

A/AZin/V
Assinos
leaves.
1.,

Young head of river-god wearing wreath of vine-

Bunch

of grapes

on

stalk,

with leaves and

tendrils.

13

12-

A\

-45

border uncertain.

PAJ^ORMUS
Silver
Circa

480409
in Sicilij,

B.C.

Like the other Phoenician settlements

after

Panormus coined no money

till

480

B.C.

See under Motya.

Litra
Young male head
hair short
12;

r.,

wearing

taenia;

Forepai-t of

man-headed bull swimming

and
of

r.

border of dots.
traces of letters
[Cf. P.M.G., p.
?

-45

traces of inscr.

symbol

121

(5).]

particularly' (Ibid., pp. 247 ff.) The question is discussed afresh by Ad. B.C. struck at Solus, circa ff. volume of his Geschichte Siciliens (Leipzig, 1898), pp. 647

and

"^^^^ ^"^ For convenience of reference, all the coins reading Y'^V (^^^) (Zur MiXn,Uund.e noted, however, that Imhoof-Blnmer has shown ander Panormus. It should be not the Phoenician name of Panormus, Grossgriechenlands, etc., p. 263) that this inscription is probably that the bronze coins here numbered 8-10 were

^^^^^'^

Holm

m the

concluding

208

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reveesb

liitra or Obol
Poseidon, naked to waist, seated
r.

PA NOP A\05
;

on rock, holding trident in r., and extending 1. towards dolphin

r.

Naked youth, seated sideways on man-headed bull galloping r. r. hand rests on bull's back; 1. gi-asps

downwards

border of dots.
[PliATE

bull's head.

11-5

.R

-5

XV. 10.]

After circa

409

B.C.

In 409 B.C. Phoenician influenve in the island loas greatly strengthened by the Carthaginian invasion. Hence the disajjpearance of Greek inscriptions.

liitrae or Obols

Young male head

1.

border of dots.

Man-headed bull
plain border.

1.,

showing

full

face

8-9
9-8

/R

'4

JR

-4

9-4 9-3

M M

-45

behind, swastica.
place of symbol, off coin.

as preceding.
inscr. (illegible) in ex.

-35

Head

of

young river-god

1.,

with short

\'^\

Forepart

of

man-headed
r.

bull

horn.
9-2
.11

swimming

-4

Cockr.; border (plain?).

165-

JE

-95

traces of inscr.

155-

-75

iwNi^iarus

20;)

N'o.

Weight

Metai.
Size

Obverse

-Reverse

H e X as
Similar type.

10

A']

t;:.

circa

400254

r.c.

Panormns continued

a Cnrthngmian stronghold till it fell into liomaus ni the course of the First I'nnir War.
to be
;

tie

hands of

the

Head
11*

of

Hera

1.;

hair long

ornameuted Stephanos.
18."i-

Man-headed bull 1., showing above, radiate head of Helios

in ex., traces of inscr. (V"7>yi

full

face;

facing.

-o:.

GoLi>
Gircii
27()
IS.C.

It

had been wrested from,

the Carthagininiis
then.

The folloiriag may hare been stnirh

for a brief space by T'lirrlins in 276 B.C. But its attribution to Panormns is not certain.

Head
12
8-2

of Pallas thian helmet

r.,
;

weaving crested Corinborder of dots.

Owl

r.

plain border.

N
Beokzk
After firca

254

B.C.

Under

the Ponuins,

Panormus

rrrntinned to be prosperous

and important.

TTANOP

Head

of

beardless

warrior,

Female head

1.

MITAN
1.3

helmeted, r. (Pallas?); border of dots.

wreath of corn

(Persephone ?), wearing border of dots.

23n-

JE 12
[Plate
xv. 12.]

Head
14
15
202' 195-

of Pallas thian helmet.

r..

wearing crested Corin-

'

TTANOP
Ml

Female

TAN

figure standing 1., holding patera and cornucopiae; border of dots.

1-

^1-05

border of dots.

NOP

A\ITAN

Similar

type

Ti'iqnetra of legs

at the junction,
;

winged

border of dots.
16

head

of

Gorgon
;

between the

legs, ears

160

of barley
1-

border of dots.

Head
99-

of

Zeus

1.,

laur.; border of dots.

TTANOP MITAN
;

Eagle, with open wings, standing 1. on thunderbolt, head turned back border of dots.

JE -95
* AccorrtinfT to Rabrici
e A'i'm.

(T<.,,o,j,-.

^hlV Anticu

Imem,

p. 97), this j.iiH'o

was struck

at

Tlicrmao Himerensos.

210

SICILY

No,

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Revebse

Ram
of

Janus

standing r. between his border of dots.

;

legs,

head

Eagle,

with open wings, turned to 1.

facing,

head

18 19

138-

90-5

no border

visible.

M ITAN HANOPMITAN
P

HANO

Heads
20
75A']
-7

of the Dioskouroi r., each weai-ing laureate pilos border of dots.

;

TTANOP AAITAN

within wreath of laurel

of dots.

border

Head
21
31-

of

Demeter

1.,

veiled,

of corn;

behind, ears of

wearing wreath com; border

1^

Prow

r.,

adorned with wing

border

of dots.

of dots.
-65

monogr. worn.

Head

of

Zeus

r.,

laur.

border of dots.

TTA

AAITAN
22
58-5

-65

1., wearing crested helmet and cuirass, and holding patera and spear shield leans against spear border of dots.
;
;

Nop

Warrior

Similar.

HA NOP AM TAN

Similar.

23
2J,

54-

.",9-.-)

M
m

-7

25 26

52-

type

1.

(TT in inscr.)

4i

M
M

-65

Similar
60-.5
-7

head

much

smaller,

IT A N

Similar.

type

1.

(Burb.ai'ons.)

^y^^l^

M'ld-n of Value

Asses
Head
28
9493of Janus, laur.
;

border of dots,

foP

within wreath of laurel

dots.

border of

29

^ M

-9

mark

of value, not visible.

-9

PANORMUS
SIetal
Size

211

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reveksk

The

ii(iiiii'!<

on the following are those of

Roman

magistrates.

Head

of

Zeus

1.,

laur.

border of dots.

Warrior 1., wearing crested lielmet, cuirass, and sword chlamys over 1. sliouldei' he holds patera and spear shield leans
; ;

against spear

border of dots.

30
31
88-

w
.E
-8

pgp

in field

1.,

CATO
;

32 33

13573-

J&

-9

no monogr.

visible

in field

1.

A POM

M
,E
.-E

-9

NAS

34
35

ir248-

-80

type
,.

r.

behind, cornucopiae.

tSp
"J^p

in field

1.,

[GlJFAB

-S

no symbol.

border doubtful.

Head
36
37
13396-

of

Zens

r.,

laur.

behind, sceptre

border of dots.

TTANOP MIT AN beneath, C D

Tetrastyle temple

.E

-8.:

-8

Imperial

Coinage

Augustus
border of
Triquetra of legs at the junction, winged Gorgon's head; between the legs, ears border of dots. of barley
;

Head
dots.

of

Augustus

r.,

bare;

38

135-

M M
.1:

-9

riANOP

TAN

(fi-om

r.

upwards);

border obscure.
172-5
-9

39

riANOP MITAN

(from

1.

upwards).

40

133-

-9

riAHoP MI[TAN]
Augustus and Livia

PANOR M
^

Head

of

Augustus

r.,

'

Head

of

Livk

r.
'

veiled
'-^^^^- '^

bare

bolder of dots.

-o^'^^ f 1"^^

within frame^'''

41

143-5

-85

Plath

XV,

13.

Ji

1'

212

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

After Death of Ang'ustus

Dohiitius I'rocidus

and Laetorias

Ihiuiiiviri.

Head

of

Augustus

1.,

radiate.

Capricorn r. beneath, triquetra of legs, at the junction of which, winged Gorgon's head, and between which, ears of barley.
;

42
43

124ll;-i-

JE JE

-9

traces of inscr.

traces of inscr.

-9

I I

PANOR AMTAN
veiled,

enthroned

r.,

Livia as Demeter, holding patera and

CN DOM

Rani standing

1.

A- LA

'

ears of corn.

44

7472-

jE yE

-7

45

-65
I

in.scr.,

partly obscui-ed.

inscr.,

partly obscured.

COLONIA PanORMUS

Vaiwrmus was made a

'

colotiia

'

probnhhj circa 20

B.C.

Semis
Head of Zeus
of dots.
1.,

laur.

behind,

border

"Rl

Warrior standing
;

1.,

wearing

4G

114-

Ji

95.1

crested helmet, cuirass, and sword; he holds patera and spear shield leans against spear ; border of dots.
(For JE struck under the Komaiis, probably at Paiiormus, see pp. 257
f.)

SEGESTA
Silver

Euboic-Attic Standard
Circii

500430

B.C.

Though Scjestn

u-as a

of the Eli/ini, its coins are thoromjhiy Grcclc. probably represents the ricer Criiiiisiis.
cilij

The dog

D idr achms
Archaic head of

nymph

Segesta

r.,

wear-

SATES lA I IB*
dotted.
inscr.,

Dog

r.,
;

with head
line of ex.,

ing collar; hair tamed up behind under beaded diadem, over which the ends fall.
126-:

and fore-feet thrust forward

Al-8b
* that

blurred through double striking.

^coi-dmg
(-ciSios),

to

SElESTAIIB = 2e7eirTaf;7),
with spirant

an explanation that has been generally accepted,

the- last

B is here the Ionic v, so three letters being the " Aeolic " adjectival

S. See Kinch in Ztits. Jiir Nnm., xvi. (1888), 187 fi., and Meister in Berli7i philol. Woche,,>:., 3890, Nr. 21, p. 672, the latter of whom has shown that the change of S into a spirant is characteristic of the old Phoco.ean dialect. This very ingenious thcorv is,

ending

however, rejected by Ad. Holm, Oesrlirhlf SidUcn/,

vol.

iii.,

p. 600.

PANG Ri[UR SE({ KS'l'

Mktal
Size

213

No.

Weight

Reverse

134-

-8

^ lIAT'f 3)3^

(tooled)

nymph wears
[Plate

last letter

ot' insei'.

and

ex.,

oH

coin; border

earring and necklace.

xv.

of dots.

14.]

^
3

HAT
without border
;

53~1A5
eai-ring
all

or

Shuilar hewl r., necklace ring

;

Uog

1-.,

with collar
;

his

ground
dots.

line of ex., dotted

nose to the border of

;

within circular incuse.

130-5
i

,11 -95

SECE
124.-8
.11 -9

... 11 B Similar head r., with earring and necklace later in style.
;

Similar

without

collar.

Archaic head of
earring
;

nymph

Segesta

r.,

with

Dog

standing

r.

border of dots.

hair caught up behind under broad diadem, over which ends fall ring border.
iuscr. ^isible.

1209

/R Vo

no
I

3
6
7

IIAT53135
without earring.
;

Similar

type

r.,

Similar type
of dots.

r.

above, barleycorn

border

12S-7 127-9

.R
.R

-95
-9

diadem very broad

ring border.

S, off coin; diadem of beads; no necklace

;

no border.
[Pl.A'I'B

XV.

15.]

^11 AT 53335
119-2

Similar type 1., with earring and necklace diadem narrow.

;

Similar type
dots.

1.

above,

murex

border of

1-

Similar type
broad.

r.,

without earring; diadem

'

Similar type
border,

1.;

dog wears

collar; plain

1321

A\

-95

no

inscr.

no

inscr. visible.

IAT

5 3

with earring, but no necklace

Similar type r., around,

;

Similar type
dots.

1.

no collar

border

of

a ring border, outside of which diadem very broad.

is inscr.

10

132-9

Ai

-9 of Motva. restruck, apparently on a didrachn,

No, 10

On

H,e Kev. the letter.

YA

are visible.)

Plate

xv.

Hi,
|

Ui

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Revekse

Li
Archaic head of nymph Segesta r. hair turned up behind under diadem of beads border of dots.
;

ae

Dog

standing r. above, wheel of four spokes plain border.

;
;

11

-45

Head
12 11-6

of

nymph, facing

border of dots.

Similar type

above, wheel.

^R ^l

-4.5

[ajiiAT^ana^

wheel has four spokes.

13

10-5

-45

SECESTAIIB
no
inscr.
;

number

of spokes uncertain.

14

10-9

yll -45

border plain.

AT
.spokes.

type

1.

wheel has

five

Cirot
It toas in

430415

B.C.

response to an appeal from Se.gestn that the Athenians undertook their expedition ayninst Syracuse.

Didr acb ms
a
of nymph hair bound with fillet passing three times round ring border.
I

lATSa 135
r.,

Head
;

Dog standing

1.

border of dots.

Segesta

of later

style

15

123-9

.R

-9

[SErE]SXAII&
Segesta
r.
;

Head

of

nymph

Dog

hair rolled

and bound with

narrow diadem.
IG
121-6

1., with head bent forward; female head r. border of dots.

;

above,

/R

-9

Li tra
Head
of nymph r., wearing necklace and earring; hair gathered in bunch beliind.

Dog

standing

r.

If)-!:

Jl

-lo

triices of k'tk'is ?

SKdKSTA
Metal
Size

21:

No.

Weight

Obvekse

Reverse

Circa

415409

B.C.

After the Athenian defeat, the Segestnns invoiced the aid of the Carthaginians. From the time of Hannibal's intervention (409 B.C.) their city was practically a dependency of Carthage.

Tetradrachm
Head
of nyinpli Segesta
i'., wearing earsphendone orna;

Youthful

ring,

necklace,
1.

and

mented with
stalk of barley

stars

beliind

beneath,

hunter r. (river CrimisusV), standing with 1. foot on a rock, r. hand he resting upon hip 1. elbow on knee wears pilos suspended behind' neck, a strap round his shoulder, cothurni, and, over 1. arm, chlamys holds in 1. two javelins ; at his feet, two dogs r.
; ; ;

IS

254-

JR

I'd.")

traces of letters.
[Cf.

no
p.

inscr. visible.

B.M.C.,

133 (32).J

Didrachms

SEPESTAIIE
hair waved.

Head

of

nymph

r.,

Dog

standing r. border of dots.

17.]

above,

barleycorn

19

128-3

.R

-9

[Plate

xy.

O^
20
129-

Head

of

nymph

r.

hair

rolled behind, over

narrow diadem.

Dog advancing (ill ex.) on the scent; beyond, three ears of plain barley growing from one root
r.,
;

ErE5T

border.

.R -95

[B.M.C,

p.

135 (39).

21

!16

SICILY

No,

Weisht

Metai.
Size

Obveese

Reverse

Hexantes
Head
24
57of

nymph

Segesta

r.,

-wearing

Hound

r.

around,

oO

sphendone.

-(1.1

countermark,

beneath.

E
r.,

Al /V Head of Segesta hah' fallhig in bunch behind; behind,

.

Hound

r.

in front, plant

above,

oO

ivy-leaf
2.-,

66-

border of dots.

?
[Plate
xv.

18.]

AflciSr.f/pstn
ii-as

241

B.C.

finally free,d

from

flie

Carthaginians at Punic War.

the

end

of the

Firs

Head

of

nymjjh

Segesta

r.,

wearing

ETES

.stephane.

Warrior 1., spear AII2N over 1. shonlder, holdicg by the bridle horse 1. border of dots.
;

26

-6

SELINUS
Silver

Euboic- Attic Standard

Before circa 400
B.C.

The

city

vas

railed after the rirer on lohich it stood, and the rire.r again from the irlld celery plant, the leaf of v:lurli appears on thefollotmng coins.

D idr ac hms
Selinon
ISl
leaf.

Incuse

square of

twelve

divisions,

the

alternate ones deepei'.

^l

-S.')

[Plate

xv.

19.

Selinon
12.V;!

leaf.

Incuse

square

of

eight

triangula

divisions.
-8.-

SKGKS'IVV SELTNUS

217

No.

Weibht

Metal
Size

OBVFItSK

Reverse

Circa 466
7?}

415

B.C.

the first half of the fifth centiirij B.C. Selinus loas visited by a malarial pestilence, which leaf checl-ed by Kiiipi'doldcs, who utilised the rivers Selinus and Hypsas to drain On It is to this incident that the types of the following coins refer. the marsh. the Obr. Apollo and ITeraldes are -seen doing battle against the powers of evil; on the Her. the river-gods appear sacrificing to Asldepios.

Tetra drachms
Slow quadi'iga
1., driven by Artemis, who on her r. holds reins in both hands stands Apollo, his chUxmys over his he bends his bow to shoot shoulder border of dots.
;
;

River-god SelLnos, naked, 1., with short horns, holding patera and lustral branch, sacrificing at altar, on near side of which, cock 1.; in field r., bull standing on pedestal, above which, selinon 1.
leaf

downwards.

271-9

1-2

SEA

l/V

OA/T lOW
[PL.
XV.
I

feAl

V\

05
OS

2U.]

270-4

.11 1

25

[>AoiT>A]o\MA35
VSOI

S feAIA/ S EAI A/

266-7

.R 1-15

T ONMA3

Slow quadriga

r., driven by Artemis, who on her r. holds reins in both hands stands Apollo, bending his bow to shoot; in ex., barleycorn.
;

EAIA/O
himation

A/

River-god

1.,

wearing
over
;

round

body

and

1.

shoulder, holding patera in extended r. and lustral branch in raised 1. before

him,
;

on near side of which, cock in field r., man-headed bull, standing 1. 1. on pedestal above bull, selinon leaf downwards.
altar,
;

/R 11

border doubtful.

Similar type

horses

moving faster

same

SEA

symbol

box'der of dots ?

River-god 1., naked, lA'O/V'TI holding patera over flaming altar in 1., on near side of altar, lustral branch cock advancing 1.; in field r., bull above bull, butting 1. on pedestal selinon leaf upwards.
; ; ;

2bo-/

Al 105
[Platb XV. 21,J

Didrachm
S E

VSO

he presses 1. knee r. against side of bull, and holds club raised r. border of dots.
a bull rushing
; ;

A TONA
I

Herakles, naked, r., seizing by the horn

HVV AS

River-god Hypsas towards 1., naked, with short horn, folding patera over altar, round which snake twines in 1. a lustral branch; in field r.,marshaway r., over which bii'd stalking
;

selinon leaf downwards.

1211-

,R

'9

[Plate

xvi.

l.J

218

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Eeverse

Litrae or Obols
Female
figure, draped, seated 1. on rock; she lifts veil with 1., while her r. grasps a bearded snake, which stands before her, coiled and erect above, selinon leaf border of dots.
;
:

SEAINOES
ex.,

Man-headed
r.
;

bull

r.

long fish

plain border.

10-2

,11

-5

Similar type but female figure places hand on her breast ; border of dots.
;

I.

SEA lA/O
bull
r.
;

A/

TIOA/

Man-headed

above, selinon leaf.

10

10-7

/R

-ii.

(No. 10

is

pierced.)
XVI. 2.]
first

[Pl,ATE

11

12-

-4
I

part of inscr.,

off coin.

Circa 415

409
to

B.C.

In

409

B.C.

)SV//hs loas

destroyed

hij

the Cartliagiuians, leJiom the Seycutans

their aid.

had summoned

Hemidrachm
Head
of

young Herakles, wearing

towards
1.

lion's

[5]EAINOMTION
;

(inex.)

Galloping

skin, three-quarter face

quadriga 1.; charioteer holds reins in both hands above, selinon leaf.

12

2(i-bi

Al

-6

SILERAE
Thifi

town

is

Intown

onlij

from

it^

coins.

Beonze
Circa,

340

B.C.

[NjniAqaAl
headed
121ball,

Forepart
r.

of

man-

swimming

JE

Helmeted warrior charging and shield.

v.,

with spear

-8

[Plate

xvi.

3.]

SELINUS SYRACUSE
Metal
SiZK

210

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

SOLUS*
Beonze

Chra 405350

B.C.

Tlds riiooiiiiau settlement was long a dependeney of the

CartliiKjlniiins.

Hem ilit r on
50A
r.,

Head

of bearded Herakles

wearins; lion's skin.

Cray-fish below,
inscr.

1.,

upside

down

above

and

above, Plioenician letters.

110-

.E

-S

(^Kfra), blurred.

[Plate

xvi. 4.

After 241

B.C.

At

the

end of the First Punic

War

the city

was

left

under the dominion of Borne.

border of dots,

COAONTI
216-

Bust of Poseidon

1.

Head

of Pallas

r.

border of dots.

-95

countermark

bird

1.

Head

of

trident

Poseidon r., laur. border of dots.

;

over shoulder,

[MQHITJUOAOD
;

Helmeted

warrior advancing 1., holding spear and shield border of dots.

50-5

-6

SYRACUSE
Silver

Euboic- Attic Standard

Before circa 500
7

B.C.

nr,,-U,t'h

fnimderl circa

734
(500

B.C.

Its earliest coins

must

'

oligarchy of the

Gnmon

B.C.).

T e t r a d r a e li m s
Slow quadriga
r.
;

charioteer grasps reins

dots. in both hands; border of

Granulated incuse square, divided into quarters; in the centre, an incuse hair circle, containing a female head 1.
;

falling indicated by dotted lines, and over neck. stiffly

266-3

260'1

M M

-95

[Plate
1-

xvi.

5.]

^VPACO

in ex., uncertain symbol.

|

[Head, Coinage of Syracuse,

Pr,.

i.

1.]

* See also p. 207, footnote.

t P 2

SICILY
220
Eevekse
Obveese

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Circa

500478

B.C.

Tetradrachms

SVP A90

51

OA/

Female head

r.,

SVPA
ing

(in

ex.)

Slow quadriga

1.;

a wearing necklace; hair enclosed in net and bound with narro-w diadem;
around, four dolphins
r.

charioteer grasps reins in both hands, goad in r. above, Nike flying r., crown;

him

border of dots.

265-6

/ll

1-

[Plate

<vi.

6.]

Femalehead SVI^A90SI0W: indicated by hahr.,

Slow quadriga

-wearing necklace

dotted and

wavy
r.

lines,

caught up behind
;

r. ; bearded charioteer holds above, reins in both hands, goad in r. Nike flying r. and crowning horses
;

and bound with narrow diadem

263-7

around,

border of dots.

four dolphins
I-l

SVPAKO SIOA/
;

Female head r., hair indicated by dots with' necklace and bound with broad diadem it falls projects stiffly over neck behind, and over brow in front, while a tress falls
;

Similai'

charioteer holds reins in

1.

over

r.

cheek

around, four dolphins

r.

265-6

yR

1-05

Female head r., wearing necklace; hair bound with diadem of beads the ends caught up behind and falling over the diadem around, four dolphins r.
;

Slow

bearded charioteer quadriga r. horses crowned holds goad and reins by Nike, flying r. border of dots.
; ;

267-

^l

1-

SVPA K OS lOA/;
by
dots.

hair indicated

goad in r., reins in both hands wings spread.

Nike has

266-4

JR 95

SYPA KO SIO
indicated

A/

hair

iu

front

Nike has wings half

closed.

by

dots.

2G8-5

M
M

l-I

\A

OI5
lines.

0>IA91 V5;

hair indicated

goad in

by

r., reins half closed.

in

1.;

Nike has wings

[Plate
268-2
-95

xvi.

7.]

SVPAKOSIOA^;
lines.

hair

hulicated

by

Nike has wings spread.

SYRACUSE
Mktal
Size

221

No.

Weisht

Obverse

Rbvebse

Lit r ae
Female liead r., wearing earring, necklace, and diadem of beads hair indicated by lines, and projecting over brow behind, is turned up under diadem, over it which ends fall border of dots.
; ; ;

Cuttle-fish.

10
11

11-8 10-9
12-

M M

-5

SVPA
SV P A

-45
-5

12

13

11-8
11-4

14

M M M

-5

V9A
[Head, Pl.
i.

-55
8.]

Obols
Similar type, with beaded necklace
;

border

Wheel

of four spoke

15

M
9-2
8-:

of dots.
-4

[Plate
16
17

xvi. 8.]

M M

-35

no earring

necklace plain.

-35

[Head, Pl.

i.

9.]

Similar
dots.

type,

with earring;

border

of

S
|(

V A
i.

within four quarters of wheel of

four spokes.

18

-4

[Head, Pl.

12.]

Circa 479

B.C.

Himera, Damarete, wife of Gelon, After the great victory over the Carthaginians at The lion on the Bev. possibly caused a commemorative series of coins to be struch. represents 'Libya subjecta.^

Dekadrachm
SV kA K05 |ON
outside linear circle,
of

('

Damareteion')
Slow quadriga r.; charioteer holds goad in r., and reins in both hands; above, Nike flying r. crowning horses in ex., lion running r. border of dots.
;

within which head

Nike? r., wearing with olive- wreath, earring, and necklace pendants; hair waved in front and caught up behind, leaving one loose ear ends tress which falls behind the around of hair gathered up and tied;
;

the whole, four dolphins

r.

19

666-1

1-45

[Plate

xvi. 9.]

SICILY

No.

Weioht

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Circa

478416

B.C.

In 478

B.C.

and

in the following

Hieron died in 467 B.C., Oelon died, and was succeeded hy Hieron. These ijolitical changes year a democracy loas established. did not affect the coin-types.
Silver

Enboic -Attic Standard

Tetradracliius

SV P AK O SIO
r.,
;

\A Female head wearing earring, necklace, and diadem of beads hair waved in front and caiaght up behind under diadem, over which ends fall around, four
;

Slow quadriga r. charioteer holds goad in r. hand and reins in both above, Nike flying r., crowning horses in ex.,
;

pistrix

r.

border of dots.

20

2661

dolphins
1-

r.

[Plate

xvr.

10.]

SVPAKOSIO
21
267-2

later style

Similar head, A/ hair waved throughout.

of

Simila

1-05

SY PAKOSIO A/
weai-ing

earring

diademed in
22
260-1

Female head r., and necklace hair front, and rolled behind;
;

Similar.

around, four dolphins

r.

^95
[Head, Pl.
[i.

8.]

SVPAKOSIOA/

23

269-1

Female head r., wearing earring and necklace hair waved, gathered in bunch behind, and bound with string of beads; around, four dolphins r.
;

Similar

-without goad.

1-0^

[Head, Pl.

ii.

9.]

SYPAKO
which,

SIO A/ Female head r., wearing earring and broad necklace, on

string
of

Similar type charioteer holds goad in reins in both hands ; border of dots.
;

r.,

beads

hair

bound

broad plain diadem, which is crossed; the back hair is tui-ned up under one part of diadem and projects in a bunch behind around, four
;

with

dolphins

r.

24

26.V7

1-05

olf

J J

; ;

SYRACUSE
Metal
Size

Ko.

Weight

Obverse

Revebse

SY PAKOS

weaj'ing earring,

O/V Female head r., and necklace -witli lion's head pendant; hair bound -with sphenI
;

Slow quadriga
in
r.

charioteer holds goad r. hand, reins in both hands above, Nike, flying 1., crowns him border of
; ;

done, the long ends of -which are passed three times round the head around, four dolphins.

dots.

2GG-S

JR

1-

charioteer, almost entirely oif coin.

SYPAKOSIOA/
wearing
earring

Female head r., and necklace; hair

Slow quadriga r.
reins in both
r.,

bearded charioteer holds hands above, Nike, flying

; ;

waved and gathered behind into small knot, beneath which a broad diadem
passes round dolphins.

crowns horses; plain border.

the head

around, four

2G

261-6

.R

1-

[Plate

xvi.

11.

Female head
lace
;

r., weaiTug earring and neckbound with cord passing four times round around, four dolphins.

hair

Slow quadriga r. charioteer holds reins with outsti'etched arms, goad in r. hand above, Nike flying.
;

272-1

2C0-9

M M

1-

SYP A
SYPAKO
dolphin

S lOA/

Nike crowns charioteer

,,

no border

visible.

105

[SIOA/]
SI

,,

border of dots.
;

26G-3

.11 -95

SYP A [KOJ

[OA/]

(only

one

Nike

crowns

horses
ex.,
ofl:

border of

dots

visible).

chariot
[Cf.

and

coin.

Head, Pl.

hi. 4.j

SYPAKOSI O/V

Female head r., wearing earring, necklace, and ampyx ornamented with maeander pattern; the back hair is enclosed in a net
fastened around, four dolphins a dot.
to the

Slow

charioteer, with long with outstretched arms, goad in r. hand; above, Nike, flying r., crowns horses in ex., cicada r. border

quadi'iga

r.

hair, holds reins

ampyx by
r.
;

a buckle; behind head,

of dots.

30

262-9

.11

1-15

[Head, Pl.
31
26(1-6

m.

5.
ex., olf coin.

A\

-9

(same

die.)

Nike crowns charioteer;

Bronze

Triante

SVPA
lace;

Female head r., wearing neckhair in knot on crown; in front

;

Cuttle-fish

around, ,,

and behind, dolphin downwards

border.

plain

32

6-i-5

JE

-6.'.

[rr.Ai'K XVI.

12.

224

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Similar.

Cuttle-fisli

around, ,

33

636254-

-65 -65
-6

gYP[A]
. .

(front dolphin, ofP coin).

34
35

M M

PA

two marks

of value visible,
visible.

SYPA

one mark of value

[Head, Pl.

iii.

7.]

Similar head

1.,

vrearing sphendone.

Cuttle-fisb

plain border,
visible.

36

40-

-6

traces of inscr. ?

no marks of value
[Plate
xvi.

13.]

Circa

415406

B.C.

The annihilation of the Athenian expedition (413 B.C.) added greatly the prosperity and prestige of Syracuse. In 406 B.C. Dionysius
estahlished himself as tyrant.

to

Gold

Piece of Twenty Litrae

SYPA
wearing

Head
lion's

of

young Herakles
;

1.,

skin

plain border.

S P

Y A

in tli^ four quarters of an incuse square, in the centre of which is

37

17-8

an incuse circle containing a female head 1., wearing sphendone, earring, and necklace.
-45

[Head, Pl. hi. 9.]

Piece of Twelve and a Half Litrae

[S]YqA
38
10-4

-35

Head of Pallas 1., wearing crested Athenian helmet plain border.

;

Bight-sided aegis, with border of serpents;

upon
iii.

it,

Gorgon- head

plain border.

[Head, Pl.

10.]

Silver

Euboic-Attic Standard

Tetradrachms
(By Eumenea and others.)

SYPAKOSIOV\
wearing earring
rolled
;

Female head 1., and necklace ; hair across front of head, ampyx,

Fast qnadi-iga r. hand,

moving

on
39
205 I

which,

A\ 11

dolphins.

^.Y^ H V\OY

charioteer holds goad reins in both horses in step above, Nike flying r.
1.
;
; ;

around,

four

carrying an untied -vvreath, about to crown charioteer border of dots.

;

[Head, Pl, hi. 12.]

fSYRACUSi]

225

Xo.

Weight

Metat.
Size

Ubveusk

Reverse

YPAKOS|OV\

Female head 1., wearing earring and necklace; hair bound with a diadem crossed behind,
;

Quadriga
in ex.,

1., as above, with Nike about to crown charioteer with untied wreath
;

EYA\HN OY;
40
L'(-

EYA\HNOY;

border of dots.

around, four dolphins.

.11

1-

N]0| $-0 A
1.,

SY5

Female head
;

Same

die as preceding.

-wearing eairing and necklace rolled ; around, four dolphins.

hair

41

l2Gio

.11

1-

[Plate

xvi.

14.

5YP[AK05ION]
neck,

Similar

beneath

EY

Similar type; beneath horses, EY; in ex., two dolphins meeting border of dots.
;

42

259-9

A\ 105

SYPA KOSIO

Female head 1., V^ wearing earring and broad necklace, on which, beads across front of head, ornamented ampyx around, four dol;

Fast quadriga 1. charioteer holds goad in r. hand, reins in both horses moving
; ;

in step;

above,

Nike

flying

r.,

carry-

pliins.

43

266-,

,11

12
Female
head
;

ing an untied wreath, about to crown charioteer; in ex., two dolphins meeting boi-der of dots.
;

r.,

wearing

necklace

hair in

wavy

curls

earring and behind,

;

dolphin

border of dots.

Fast quadi-iga 1. chai-ioteer holds goad in extended r., reins in 1. above, Nike flying r. to crown charioteer no border
; ;

visible.

44*

2(ji;)

.R

ex.,

almost

ofE coin.

[Plate

xvi.

15.]

5YPAKO Sin[N]
EVA\

Head
;

of

Perse-

phone 1,, wearing earring and necklace, with lion's head pendant hair rolled, and bound with ears of barley; beneath,
;

Fast quadriga r., driven by naked winged youth, lookmg upwards towards Nike,

around, four dolphins.

who crowns him; in ex., 1., and Skylla swimming r., holding out r. arm towards fish, which swims with her 1. she holds tribefore her
flying

tYO,

dent over shoulder

r.
;

b. bind her, dolphin

boi'der of dots.

45

260-2

.11

1-

[Plate

xvi.

16.j

Drachm
(By Eumenes.)

5Y P A
head
r.,

hair beneath, dolphins

Female [K] OSIOA/ wearing ean-ing and necklace bound with a diadem crossed
;

AEY K A
charging

EVA\E/VOV;
r.

around, four

Warrior (Leukaspis) wearing crested helmet with feather, and carrying on 1. arm oval shield, and in r. hand sword, the sheath of which hangs behind him, suspended by a strap passing over r. shoulder.
r.,

S PIS

4G

63-9

Al
[Head, Pl. hi. 15.]
* .V I'uuic imitation (of Euiiinctos
?),

porliaps originally iiiscribeil

Xi;:

G G

'

226

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obtbbse

Reverse

Hemidrachms

SYPAKOSIO/V

Female bead 1., wearing earring, necklace, and spliendone tied in front on either side, dolphin downwards.
;

47

31-

M
.R

charioteer holds reins Fast quadriga 1. in both hands, goad in r. the rein of the farthest horse broken and trailabove, Nike flying r., crowning ing charioteer; in ex., a chariot-wheel lying on the gronnd border of dots.
;
; ; ;

-65
-6

48

30-6

[Head, Pl. hi. 16.]

Similar.

Galloping quadriga r. charioteer holds above, reins in both hands, goad in r.

;

Nike
ex.,

crowning charioteer; two dolphins meeting border

flying
1.,
;

in
of

49

31-2

dots.
-7

Circa

406345

B.C.

Bionysius rctcunrd the tyranny

his son, ivho

till

his

death in 368

B.C.,

irlcn he

was succeeded

by

icas not finally expelled until

344

B.C.*

Gold Piece of One Hundred Litrae

SYPAKOSI[ON]

Female head 1., wearing earring, necklace, and sphendone upon wliich are tvyo stars
;

Herakles, kneeling r. on r. knee, and strangling lion with both arms.

50

behind,
-6

A
[Plate
xvi.

17.]

Piece of Fifty Litrae

SYPAKO
1.
;

SiriN

Young male head

[SYP]AKOZir2[N]
horse prancing
r.

boi'der of dots.

on a bar beneath an incuse square, within vi'hich a free

51

44-1

-5

* **"" Syracusan series oe somewhat arbitiary. betom^UarSr^rl^'T^^'"'"''* engravers wure at work of this epoch must necessarily Ihe same before 406 and after it while the same die was often used in different combinations, possiblv thrnMrf J ^^^'' The lines here followed are those laid down in the " r""' be noted that Dr. A. J. Evans (Syracusan '' M.da!Hos,''

His^orr&^!^^^

has shown ground for maintaining that many " 3.XTe^' 11 of the follnwf.l ?^' earher ssues of dekadrachms, belong to the^period immLrately suceerdwTl!rAX "'^"^rather than to the reign of Dionysius. See also Ad. Holm,
vol
XI.)

"(f nrm;,/ktT

G^c.'ri^'e sTci?,'L-f in'";"

6of ff.

SYRACUSE
No.

227

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Silver

Euboic-Attic Standard

D e k a d r a c h. m s
(By Euainetos.)

Head

of Persephone 1., wearing earring, necklace, and wreath of corn hair

;

Galloping

quadi-iga

1.;

charioteer holds

turned

up
cm-Is;

behind,
ai-ound,

wavy

and arranged in
four
dolphins;

border of dots.

goad and reins; above, Nike flying r., about to crown him in ex., a ledge or step, on which is placed a panoply of armour, consisting of helmet and shield, cuii-ass and greaves border of dots.
;

62

665-8

M
.H

14

5Y PA K 0$in[N];
of letters

beneath, traces

(INE,

partially visible).

[Plate
53
657-2
1-4
inscr.,

xvi.

18.]
visible,

almost entirely

off

coin

chin,

A
I

beneath

no border

665-3

M M

1-4

ZYP AK OZ
a dot.
inscr.,

[UN];
off

beneath chin,

55

668-5

1-4

almost entirely

coin

behind

neck, a scallop-shell.

Tetradr achms
(By various
artists.)

Similar type r. around, four dolphins border of dots.

;

Galloping quadriga r. charioteer holding goad in outstretched r. and reins in 1. above, Nike flying 1., about to crown him ; border of dots.
;

56*

261-

.R

1-1

in ex., traces of inscr.

$YPAKO$inN

Female head 1., wearing earring, necklace, and sphendone, which is tied above, and ornamented in front with a dolphin 1. above waves, and behind with stars; around,

four dolphins.

Galloping quadriga r. bearded charioteer holds goad and reins the rein of the farthest horse broken and trailing on the ground; above, Nike flying 1., carrying a wreath, with which she is about to crown charioteer, in one hand, and in the other, a cord to which is
;
;

attached a label reading

ex.,

].Jjl!r

in
of

two dolphins meeting; border

dots.

57

267-2

1-05

lower dolphin, almost

off coin.

Punic imitation

(of Euainetos),

probably 'nscribed

ms

Melhart.

G G 2

; ;

228

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obveese

Rbveksb

SYPAKOin[N]

Female

head

1.,

wearing earring, necklace, and sphendone, which, is tied above, and ornamented in front with swan swimming the back with stars and with ]., at engraver's name, around,

Galloping quadriga r., driven by female figure holding goad in r. and i-eins in 1. above, Nike flying 1. to crown her in ex., a chariot- wheel lying on the ground border of dots.
;

EVKA

26.".-G

four dolphins.
i-(i;

head of farthest horse,

ergual
line, traces of

ofB coin

on ex-

letters ?

[Head, Pl.
Similar

iv.

4.]

but

ornament

on

sphendone

Same

die as

No. 42.

uncertain, except stars behind.

59

261-7

Al

1-05

of inscr., only

A/

visible.

Female

head
;

1.,

wearing
rolled
;

earring

and
chin,

Same

die as

No. 40.

necklace

hair

beneath
of

a di23tych,

on

the

tablets

which

EYKA
P
60
260-G
I

AA

'

^I'O^'i'ij

fo^^ dolphins.

1-1

traces of inscr.

[Plate

xvii.

l.J

Female head
lace;

1., wearing eari-ing and neckhair bound with broad diadem, over which several tresses fly back around, four dolphins.

Fast quadriga 1. charioteer holds reins in both hands, goad in r. above, Nike flying r. to crown him in ex., dolphin I. border of dots.
;

Gl

266-4

M M

-95

[S]Y
type,

PAKOS[ir2N];
ofl:

lower part of

(line of ex., double.)

coin.

[Head, Pl.
268-:
9-

iv.

5.J

[SYPAKO]

SI

n_ N;

plain border;

rein of farthest horse

broken and

trail-

two dolphins,

off coin.

ing

no border

visible.

Deka drachms
(By Kimon.)

SYPAKOSIHN
wearing and net
of dots.

Female
necklace,

head
;

1.,

Galloping quadriga
;

1.

charioteer holds

earring,
;

hair-band around, four dolphins border

goad and reins above, Nike flying r. to crown him in ex., a ledge or step on and against which is placed a panoply of armour, consisting of helmet and shield, cuirass and greaves border of
;

;.

dots.

63

666-

M
i

1-45

hair-band tied above

in front of

it,

Kl
!^

on exergual
p.

line, traces pf letters ?

[B.M.C,
64
,

175 (200).]

657-6

.^l

1-4

band not

tied

on

it,

on dolphin
j

on exergual
.xvi.

below neck.

AAHN
[Plate
19.]

line, traces of letters ?

SYRACUSE
Metal
Size

229

Xo.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

T e t r adr a ch m
(IJy

Parme

.)

Female head 1., wearing earring, necklace and sphendone, tied above and ornamented at the back with stars beneath
;

neck, fAPAAE; r* dolphins ; plain border.

around,

four

Fast quadriga 1. charioteer holds goad in above, Nike r. hand, reins in both rein of the flying r., crowning him farthest horse broken and trailing beneath hind legs of horses, a broken chario t- wheel in ex., ear of barley 1.
;
;

65

2(52-7
I

':

A\

1-

inscr., off coin.

[Plate xvh. 2.]

Drachm
(Probably by Eukleidas.)

Head

of

Pallas,

three-quarter

face

1.,

SYPAKOSI

UN

Warrior (Leukaspis)

wearing necklace, and Phrygian helmet with three crests, on the front of which, around, four honeysuckle ornament dolphins plain border.
;
;

charging r., wealing crested Athenian helmet, carrying spear in r. and large at his 1. side, a oval shield on 1. arm sword, the handle of which only is seen, suspended by a strap passing over r. shoulder behind him, a squai-e in front, a sacrificial altar garlanded in ex., ram Ij'ing on its back 1.
;
;

66

65-3

Ml

AEYKASPLIS]
in front,

P
[Head, Pl.
v.

6.]

Hemidrachna
S

helmet

Similar type, without ornament on plain around, four dolphins

,
;

Fast quadriga
in
1.,

border.

charioteer holds goad 1. reins in both hands; above, Nike in ex., two flying r., crowning him
; ;

dolphins meeting

plain border.

67

32-1

.R

-65

die fractured at ex.

[Head, Pl.

v.

7.]

Li t r ae

SYPA
68
12-5

Female head r., wearing earring, and sphendone behind and in front, a dolphin downwards.
necklace,
;

Cuttle-fish, feelers of

which are connected

by a web.

'45

Similar head

behind, dolphin downwards.

Similar

69

11-3

M
.R

'45

SYPAKOSm
border of dots.

N;

plain border.

[Head, Pl.
70
12-5
4.";

v.

9.]

SYPAKOSinN

type

1.

no earring;
[Head,

Pi,,

v.

10.]

230

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Eevebse

Hemil i tr a
Similar type
of dots.
1.,

without necklace

border

SY PA

71

6-2

in the upper quarters of a wheel of four spokes, in the lower quarters of which are two dolphins r. and 1.

-4

[Head, Pl.

v.

II.J

Similar type

r.

in one quarter of a wheel of four spokes; in each of the other quarters,

dots.

two
72
6-2

Al

-45

Female head I., wearing necklace; hair in knot on crown beneath chin, three
;

Similar type.

dots.

73

4-5

.R

-4

inscr. uncertain

value-marks confused.

[Plate

xvii.

3.]

Bronze
Female head 1., weariug earring sphendone plain border.
;

and

Incuse square of four quarters in different

planes, in the centre of which is an incuse circle, containing a star of .sixteen rays.

74
75

6977-

M ^

-65
-7

in front, traces of letters.

5YPA
[Head, Pl.
v.

13.]

Similar

Similar, but star has only eight

raj^s.

76

68-

-65

no

inscr.

and no border

visible.

Female head 1., wearing earring, necklace, and sphendone plain border.
;

SY PA

77 78

58-5
53-

^ M
iE

-6

in the upper quartefs of a wheel of four spokes, in the lower quarters of which are two dolphins r. and 1.

-75

[Head, Pl.
79
48'6

v.

14.]

no

oarrincf or necklace.

SYRACUSE

231

No.

Weight

80
81

100-2

99-6

82

55-1

83

87

89

232

SICILY

No.

Wekjht

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Gold

Piece of Thirty Litrae

[ZEY]SEAEY 0EPIO[S]
Zeus Eleutherios 90
32-8
1.,

Head

of

SYP A KOSIHN
1.;

Pegasos

flying

laur.

in front,

^;

beneath,

-4

[Head, Pl.

vi.

4.J

Silver

For

silver stater with Corintliinn types, prohdbly issued during this period, see Colonies OF CoEiNTH, in Vol. II. Notf. 91 94 correspond in weight to Corinthian drachms and hemidrachms.

Pieces of Three Litrae

Head
of Kyane 1., wearing earring and necklace hair rolled and gathered in knot over the brow behind, a lion's head I. beneath, EY
; ; ;

SYPAKOSIHN

Pegasos flying

1.

91 92

40-8
39-2

.R

-6

[Head, Pl.

vi.

10.]

Pieces of One Litra and

Similar.

Half

5YPAK OSinN
[Head, Pl.
yi.

93

19-3

Forepart of Pegasos, with curled wing, flying 1.

-5.5

11.

SYP AKOSIHN
1.,

Head

of Ai-ethusa
;

Similar type

above, a star of eight rays.

wearing earring and necklace

;

hair

rolled

around, three dolphins

border

94

19-5

of dots.
-5

[Head, Pl.

vi.

9.]

Litra
Head
of

Kyane
lion's

1.,

as iu

No. 92

behind,

EY
95
11-8

and

SY P A K 05
vi.

head.

Cuttle-fish,

.R

-4

[Head, Pl.

12.

Piece of Two and

Half Litrae
;

SYPAK [OSinN]

Head

of Pallas,

three-quarter face towards 1., wearing necklace and Phi-ygian helmet with three crests; in field 1., two dolphins; plain border.

Naked horseman r., his hair in knot on crown horse walking behind, a star
;

of foui'teen rays

barley
border.
VI.

r.,

beneath it, an ear of and beneath horse, N plain

; ;

96

30'3

/R

-6

[Head, Pi

18.]

SYRACUSE
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Pieces of Two Litrae

Jaiiiform female head, laur.
;

in field

r.

Free horse prancing

r.

two
97
23-6

dolpliins

border of dots.

.R

-5

traces of insor.
(No. 97
is

pierced.)

SYPAKOS
field r.,

UN
r.

dolphin

downwards

Similar type; in border

;

Free horse prancing

fourteen rays.

1.

above,

star

of

of dots.

24-2

.R-5
[Plate
xvii.

6.]

Beonze*

SYPA

Head of Pallas 1., wearing Corinthian helmet bound with wreath

;

Two

of olive

plain border.

dolphins; between which, star-fish or jelly-fish, with eight rays, the points plain of which are connected by a web border.
;

99

496-

M M

1-2

[Head, Pl.

vii.

l.J

100

512-

1-2

SY

illegible.

SYPA
101 102
133124-

Similar.

Sea-horse 1., with curled wing; rein hanging loose plain border.
;

-8

jE -75

(inscr. inverted.)

[Head, Pl.
103
111-

vii.

2.]
visible.

JE

-85

(inscr.

inverted)

circular
r.,

countermark,
in front of

no loose rein

enclosing female head

-which, a barleycorn.

104

120-

-76

t\\'o

countermarks, one cii-cular, enclosing female head 1., the other square, en(no border visible) closing lion's head 1. [Plate
;

xvii.

7.]
;

105

106-.

-8.3

no

inscr. visible.

circular

within which, countermark in the spaces wheel of four spokes between which, OPKI
;

Head

of
;

helmet
106
63-

Pallas 1., wearing plain border.

Corinthian

Cuttle-fish

plain border.

-6

no

inscr. visible.

[Plate

^']

pp. * nr Imhoof-Blumer (Zar Milazhnulc GrossgriechenUnds, the litra, trias, and uncia of one and the same T.T Nos QQ 1A^L 07-109 may represent and others, believes to be considerably earlier than 99-195 ^""llf/^ /"^ sf/ Td Holm, system, which he with Jf ^o Holm GescA. SicMens, ii., 463, and iii., 621. No. 106 is akin in from the weight of a sin^e specimen. SetTNos 99-105; bnt'otnclusron can safely be drawn
etc.,
'

274

fi.)

shows that

234

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Keveese

Female head
;

-wearing earring and behind necklace hair in sphendone neck, a sprig of olive plain border.
1.,
; ;

SY PA
shell
;

Dolphin

r.

beneath,

scallop-

plain border.

[Head, Pl.

vii. 7.]

107

55-

108
109

43-5
35-

M M M

-65
-6

-65

5YPAKOS
110
316-

IflN
;

Bearded

head

of

legendary founder Archias 1., wearing Corinthian helmet border of dots.

Pegasos flying 1. bet-ween them, S

;

beneath, dolphin border of dots.

1.

JE

1-

[Head, Pt.

vii.

4.J

SYPAKO
sephone
earring,

1.,

Head of Per-wearing -wreath of com, and necklace ; hair rolled

.

Pegasos flying
dots.

r.

beneath,

border of

111

174-5

border of dots.
-85

[Head, Pl.

vii.

5.]

SYPA
1.,

SlflN

Head
;

of

Aphrodite
;

Forepart of Pegasos, with curled wing,

flying
1.;

hair -wearing earring and necklace loose tress at tied -with crossed cord

beneath,

112

74'

back
-65

of head.

[Head, Pl.

vii.

3.]

Head

of yonng river-god (Anapus) facing, three-quarter face to-wards 1. border of

;

SYPA ..Sin N

Forepart of Pegasos
1.
;

-with curled -wing flying

plain border.

dots.

113

35-

-55

Head

of Zeus Eleutherios long hair plain border.

;

1.,

laur., -with

SYPA K OS in
prancing
1.
;

Free

horse

plain border.

114
115

296-5
303-5

M M

1-1

lEYS

[E A]

EYOEPIO^

1-05

[lEYS E A] EY0EPIOS
[Head, Pl.

SYPA
vii. 8.]

[K o]Sin

Head

of Zeus Eleutherios short; plain border.

r.,

laur.

hair

Thunderbolt upright

plain border.

116

225-5

1-

ZEYS EA EY

OEPIOS
[Head, Pl.

SYPAKO SinN
vii.

in field

r.,

eagle

r.

10.]

SYRACUSE
Metal
Size

235

No.

Weight

Obverse

Revebsb

117

233-5

M
M

-95

ZEY5EAEY

EPioS

SYPAK
corn.

0SII2N

in field

1.,

barley-

118

127

-9

[lEYSEAEYOE]

PioZ

SYPAK OSinN;
corn.

in field

1.,

barley-

Head
bolt.

of
;

Zeus 1. behind, large thunderplain border.

;

Swastica ornament

plain border.

119

104-

-9

traces of letters.

traces of letters.

[Plate

xvii. 9.]

Female

head

120

27-5

face towards border.

-55

1.,

(Kyane?), three-quarter wearing necklace plain

;

Cuttle-fish.

[Plate

xvii.

10.]

^YPAKOSIflN
laur.
;

Head

of

hair

hanging

dovra.

Apollo 1., behind;

Pegasos flying

1.

plain border,

border of dots.

121
122

768277-

123
124

90-

M M M m M M M M m M

-65
-7

behind, traces of symbol.

beneath,

oinochoe
r.

Ar

-75
-8

amphora
[Plate
xvii.

11.

HP

125

72-5
87-

-8

lion's

head
?

1.

beneath, ]^
above,

126
127

-7

<*

74-5 81-5
78-

-75

pine-torch,

beneath,

Nl
11

128 129 130

-75
-75
-8

uncertain symbol,
thunderbolt,

It

67-

no symbol.

A
SYPAKOSIHN
above,
Jf

Similar type
131
75-

behind, thyrsos fastened to border of dots. cross-pieces of torch

;
;

Pegasos

flying

1.

plain bordei-.

M M

-75

Head
132
27-5
-5

of

Apollo

1.

laur.

border of dots

Dog

lying

1.
;

head
ex.,

turned
;

back

in

front,

in

plain border.

in front, traces of inscr.

[Plate

xvii.

12.]

H H 2

230

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reveesb

Circa

317310

B.C.

In 317
the

Syracusan general AgatlioTdes, supported by his mercenaries, massacred leading members of the dominant party and made himself despot. He was soon
B.C. the

involved in

war with Carthage.

Gold

Euboic- Attic Standard

D r a c h. m s
Head
of

young Ares

(?)

1.,

laur.

Galloping biga r. in outstretched

charioteer holds goad r. and reins in 1.;

beneath, triquetra of legs.

133

65-9 65-6

134

N M
N

-65
-65

behind,

%
;

SYP A KOglXlN
border of dots.

(downwards).
(downwards).

behind, ear of barley

SYP AK OS
xvii.

HN

[Plate
135
66-3
-6

13.]

no symbol

no border,

SYP A K

OSI n[N]
(in ex.).

(upwards).

136

66-3

-6

border of dots.

SYPAKOSinN
Tetrobol

Similar type

plain border.

Similar type
in ex.,

same symbol.

137

43-8

[Head, Pl. vur. 2.]

Diobol
Head
22-3
of

corn, earring,

Persephone 1., wearing wreath of and necklace.

SYPAKO
viii.

[SI]

flN

Bull walking

1.,

head lowered.
3.]

-4

[Head, Pl.

Silvek

Tetradrachms
Head
of Persephone earring,
;

corn,

1., wearing wreath of and necklace around,

;

SYPAKOSIIIN
quadriga
1.;

three dolphins

border of dots.

Galloping holds goad in outstretched r. and reins in 1.; above, triquetra of legs; in ex., beneath
ex.)-

(in

charioteer

inscr.,

139

265-

140
141

260-9

M M
.11

border of dots.

-95
1-

beneath, beneath,

NK
[Head, Pl. Tin. 4.]
<|>|

2(10-9

1-

beneath,

SYRACUSE
Metal
Size

237

No.

Wbishi

Obverse

Eevebse

Bronze

SYPAKOSinN
1.,

Head of Persephone wearing wreath of corn and neck;

above and Bull butting 1. dolphin 1. plain border.

; ;

beneath,

lace

border of dots.

170-

iE -85

behind, star of eight rays.

beneath upper dolphin,

[Head, Pl.
143
152-5
165-

viii.

9.]

144 145

132-5

M M M

-95 -85 -85

51

1>

15

as preceding.

symbol uncertain,
behind, scallop ?

beneath upper dolphin,

N^

Similar head varied 05lf2N border of behind, long torch flaming

. . . ; ;

Similar type; same symbols; same border,

146

157-5

dots.

-95

above upper dolphin,

AT

SYPAKOSIflN
;

Female head
;

1.,

wearrolled

Bull butting

1.;

plain border.

ing earring and necklace and wavy border of dots. 147

62-5 51-5

hail'

148
149

40-5

M M M -65
-65
-7

behind, poppy -head,

above,

no symbol

visible,

above, traces of symbol (or monogr. ?)

above, dolphin
ex.,
r.,

behind, comucopiae?

beneath which,

in

[Head, Pl.

viii.

11.]
r.;

150

53-5

M M M M M

-65

behind, bucranium.

above,

dolphin wreath.
r.
;

in

ex.,

/^

within

151

42515052-

-6

behind, ear of barley,

behind, astragalos.

above, trident

in ex.,

AT
fl

152

-65 -65

above, axe

1.;

in ex.,

S
"

153 154

)> ij

I'

-65

behind, ear of barley.

above, dolphin

1.;

in ex.,

SA

Similar.

Similar.
visible.

155

26-

-5

no symbol

nothing above

in ex.,

9
Similar type

Similar head

border of dots.

S Y P A KOS flN
I

(in ex.)

above,

plain border.

150

53-5

-6

13S

SICILY

No.

SYRACUSE
Metal
Size

239

No.

Weight

Obvebse

Reverse

165 166

140-

-9

behind, strung bow.

in ex., arrow^

r.

no border
r.

visible.

110-5

^.-85

no symbol

visible.

in ex., pine-torch flaming

plain border.

Similar

but type

1.

Similar.

167

124-5

-85

in ex., pine-torch flaming

[Cf.

r.

plain border.

Head, Pl.
in

ix. 3.]

168

137-5

-9

ex.,

pine-torch flaming

r.

border of

dots.

1G9

95-

M M M

-85

in ex.,
dots.

pine-torch flaming

1.;

border of

170
171

132-5 132-5

-85
-85

behind, star, behind, tripod.

ex.,

plain

border of dots. border not

visible.

,,

Bust

of Artemis v., -wearing earring and necklace hair in knot behind top of quiver visible at shoulder; in front, SflTEl PA border of dots.
;
;

ZYPAK
OZillN

Winged thunderbolt;
border.

plain

172

132-5

JE

-9

[Cf.

Head, Pl.

ix. 4.]

Similar

but type

1.

Similar; with 12

173

32-5

-65

[Head, Pl.

ix. 5.J

$YPAK

OSiriN

Head

of Pallas

r.,

wearing earring, necklace, and crested Corinthian helmet without neckpiece or adorned with covering for the ears
;

Pegaaos flying ]., both wings visible; beneath, trident 1.; plain border.

running 174
162-

grifiin.

-9

behind, traces of symbol.

[Head, Pl.

ix. 7.]

Head

of Pallas

r.,

wearing earring, neck-

SYPAK
OSIflN

Winged thunderbolt; border

of dots.

lace,

and crested Corinthian helmet;

175

28-

border of dots.
-6

[Cf.

Head, Pl.

ix.

9.]

240

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obteese

Reveese

Circa

307289
of

B.C.

The Biadoclii began

to

assume the

title

/Sao-iXcvs circa

307

B.C.,

and AgatJioTdes

folloiued their example.

He

died circa 289

B.C.

Gold

Pieces of Eighty Xiitrae

Head
r., wearing earritig, neckand crested Corinthian helmet, adorned "with running griffin.

of Pallas

AFAGOKAEOZ
BAZIAEOZ
beneath,

Winged

thunderbolt.

lace,

176

86-7

-7

T
<|)

[Plate 177 178

87-8
90-

xvii.

17.]

M M

-7

beneath,

-7

beneath,

SiLVEE

For

silver stater

of Corinthian types, and reduced loeight, issued circa 306 see Colonies of Coeinth, in Vol. II.

289

B.C.,

Bronze
Bust of Artemis
;

r., wearing earring and necklace hair in knot behind top of quiver visible at shoulder; in front, border of dots.
;

ATAOOKAEOZ
BAZIAEOZ

Winged

thunderbolt; plain border.

179

169-5
156-

180

M M

ZHTEIPA;
-95

-85

[Head, Pl.

ix.

13.]

Circa

289287

b.c.

For a brief period after

death of Agatholdes democratically governed.

the

Syracuse loas again

Bronze
Bust of Artemis
1., wearing earring and necklace; hair in knot behind; quiver over shoulder; in front, ZilTElPA;

AloZEAEY
0EPIOY

Winged thunderbolt
plain border.

181

114124-

182

M M

border of dots.
-85
-8

[Head, Pl.

ix.

14.]

Head

of

Zeus Eleatherios
long

I.,

laur.; hair

in three border of dots.

falling

curls

behind;

ZYPAK OZIHN

Winged thunderbolt;
border.

plain

183

118-

-bS

around, traces of letters ?

[Head, Pl.

ix.

1.5.]

SVRACTTSE

241

Reverse

Circa

287278

B.C.

Th' followimj

cohis

irr.re

assnimiLij the royal title,

issued during the tyranny of Hilectas, loho refrained from and placed his wiwe only on the gold.

Gold

Pieces of Sixty Litrae (= Attic Drachms)

SYPAKOSIfiN
1.,

Head of Pereephone wearing wreatli of corn, earring, and

;

EP K ETA
;

necklace

hair rolled

border of dots.

(in ex.) Biga r., driven by 1 1 Nike, naked to waist, holding goad and reins horses prancing.

1S4

65-8

A" -65

behind, cornucopiae.

above,

moon

beneath,

[Plate

xvii.

18.]

185

65-8

N'

-65

behind,
coin).

long torch flaming

(inscr.,

off

above.

beneath.

186

G5-0

A^ -65

same

die.

above, star of eight rays ear of barley 1.

beneath horses,

SiLVEB*

Pieces of Fifteen Litrae (= Attic Tridrachms)

Head

of

Persephone

1.,

wearing wreath of
;

ZYPAKOZIXIN^

corn, earring,

and necklace

hair long.

ex.) (in Galloping quadriga 1., driven by Nike, wearing long chiton, and holding goad in outstretched r. and reins in I.

187

190-5

-Rl-

behind, bucranium.

above, star of eight rays.

[Plate 188

xvii.

19.]
visible.

1791

11

behind, bee.
I

no symbol

Beonze *

SYPAKOSmN
1.,
;

Head of Persephone wearing wreath of corn, earring, and necklace hair long border of dots.
;

Biga

driven by charioteer wearing long and holding goad in outstretched r. and reins in 1.; horses cantering; above, star of eight rays ; plain border.
r.,

chiton,

189

140-

JE

-9

(no border visible)

[Head, Pl.

x.

5.]

190
191

159178173-

192

M M M

-95
1-

behind, dot and ear of barley.

in ex.,

/\
/^

in ex.,

-95

* Ad. Holm (Oesch. Siciliens, iii. 685 f.) gives strong reasons for ascribing to an earlier period the JB, and yE assigned by Head to the time of Hiketaa. But, if this transference is made, how It should be explained that after circa 300 B.C., the form of sigma flucis the gap to be filled ? and S it being often impossible to distinguish accurately which is employed. tuates between

242

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obvebse

Eevbrsb

193
194

168-

M M

-9

behind, dot and ear of barley.

beneath horses, not visible).

N
;

in ex.,

5i2

(border

149-5

-9

in place of dot; border not visible.

above horses,

in ex.,

5X2

SYPAKOSIIIN
195
127-5
105-

Similar

type

1.

Similar type

no star
;

plain border,

M
JE

border of dots.
-9

above, thunderbolt

in ex..

A"

196

-8

beneath horses'

feet, triquetra of legs.

Similar type
of dots.

r,,

without necklace; border

Similar type

above, star.

197

130-6

M M

-95

SYPA
\M2I50[>|]
inscr.

in ex.,

no X
E X
;

plain border.

198

171-5

-95

uncertain behind, long flaming no border visible.

; ;

torch

in ex.,

no border.

Head
199
136-6

of
;

laur.

Zeus Hellenios border of dots.

1.,

beardless

and
un-

Eagle

1.

on

thunderbolt,

wings

open

plain border.

M
M
JE

-85

[AlOjS

EAAANIOY;
;

behind,

SYPAKOSin
*

[N]

certain symbol.

200

165-

-95

traces of inscr.

behind, thunderbolt.

SYPAK
xvii.

OSIilN;

<border not

visible).

[Plate
201
168-5
-95

20.] in
field
1.,

AlOS EAAANIOY
insor., off coin
;

behind, trophy,

SYPAK OSinN;
eight rays.

star of

202

168-5

M
M

-9

Jf

}f

SYP [AKO]
of eight rays. traces
of
inscr.

SiriN;
in

in

field

1.,

star

203

171-5

-95

loY;

field

1.,

"^

(no

border visible).

204

124-5

M
M

-9

AlOS EAAANIOY;
no border
visible.

no

symbol and

as preceding.

205

142-

-9

AAAN lOY

border of dots.
field.

X2
is

nothing

visible

in

(No. 205

restruck.)

Similar type,

Similar type.

206

97-5

JE

-8

traces of inscr.

[SYPAKO] 5inN
Similar type r. behind, trophy; border of
;

AlOS EAAANIOY
haiT long;

SYPAK OSIHN
field
1.,

Similar type;
;

iti

207 208

177-5
179-

M
JE

dots.

star of eight rays

plain border.

-95

-9.-,

[Head, Pl.

x.

.s.]

SYRACUSE
Metal
Size

243

No.

Weibht

Obverse

Eevebse

Similar

but no symbol.

209

128-

SYPAKOSinN star, A
(No. 209
is

Similar;

but above

1-

restruok.)

Similar.

[SYPAK] OSiriN
field
1.,

Similar type; in

210

129-

M
JE
JE

plain border.

1-

Similar.

Similar type

plain border.

211

101

-5

-9

SYPAK

212
213

131-

1-

SYPAK OSinN
(Noa. 211
f.

are restruck on

^ of Agatliokles, resembling Nos. 179

[SYPAK]
.

.)

139o
79-

M
.E

-9

(inscr.

not visible.)

ilN

214

-8

ZYPAK

[oJZiriN

Circa

278276

B.C.

In 278

of Epirus, wlio was then in Italy championing the cavse of the T(n-nitinei<, %oas summoned by the Syracusans, who were being hard pressed by a The types of the following should he compared with those Carthatjiniun invasion. of Pyrrhus's own coins.
B.C. ryyi-liiis

Head

of Persephone

1.,

wearing wreath of
;

Within oak- wreath, long

torch, flaming

1.

corn, earring, and necklace hair long behind, stalk of barley ; border of dots.

215

ISO-

1-05

UN
[Cf.

Head, Pl.

x.

10.]

SYPAKOSinN
Herakles
of dots.
1.,

Head

of
;

young
border

wearing

lion's skin

Promachos r., wearing crested Pallas helmet, long chiton with diploidion. and ohlamys over shoulders she brandishes spear (or thunderbolt*) in r. and holds plain shield on outstretched 1. arm
; ;

border.
in field in field in field
(No. 218
is
1.,

216
217

176152152-

JE

1-

thunderbolt.

218

M M

1-

(inscr., partially off coin.)

r.,

owl
owl

r.

-95

r.,

r.
f.)

rostruck on .^ of Agathokles, resembling Nos. 179

[Plate 219
146-5

xvii. 21.

220
221

IGS'S 153-5

^ M

-9

in field in field

1.,

head of trident

r.

-95

1.,

head of trident upwards.

IE -95

behind, club downwards.

*

On

Nos. 216

f., it is

a spear

on Nos. 318

S.,

a thunderbolt.

11^

2U
Metal
Size

SICILY

No.

Weight

Obveksb

Eeveese

Similar type
'i-2-2

border of dots.

1.YPA

KOZIHN
;

thunderbolt
152-

Similar type, witli plain border.

JE

-95

[Head, Pl.

x.

12.]
r.,

223

128-

-9
I

in field

owl

r.

in inscr.

Cu-c<r

275216

B.C.

On the loithdrawal of Pijrrlaitf, after a hrief but brilliant series of cmiiyaigns, Hieron, one of Ids officers, remained as ijeiirral of the Si/rantmiit army, and before hniij beeame tyrant if Syracuse. The new rider took the side uf the Euiiiiciis in the Second Fiiiiie Wiu-, and at its close he shai-ed Sicily with them. He reigned till 216 B.C.

Gold

Euboic-Attic Drachms
Head
of Persephone 1., wearing wreath of corn, earring, and necklace ; hair long ; border of dots.

224
225 226
227

66-4
66-3
66-

65-C

228
229

65-6
65-8

230
231

65-8

65-9

OOo

85-7

/ll -85

SYRACUSE
Metal
Size

245

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

TIiu

head on

the Ohr. of the folloioing is

toho

prohaUij that of Gelon, Ilieivn'b son, predeceased him*

Pieces of Eight Litrae

Beardless male liead (Geloii) border of dots.
1.,

diademed

ZYPAKOZIOl TEAflNOX

Fast biga

r.,

di-iven

by

winged Nike, naked

;

to waist, holding reins in both hands second word of inscr. in ex. plain border.

233

102-8

M
M

-S

in front,

BA

and K; (no exergual

line).

[Head, Pl.

xi. 4.]

234

102-.

-8
I

above horses,
(No. 23t
is

BA

,,

pierced.)

235

1067

-8

behind, traces of symbol.

beneath horses,

BA

and E

Similar.

XYPAKOZIOl

PEAnNOX
word

Slow biga r., driven by winged Nike, wearing

; ;

long chiton, and holding reins in both second hands, goad in 1. in front, Ml
of inscr. in ex.
;

plain border.

236

105-

^l

-8

[Plate

xvii. 23.]

Similar.

ZYPAKOZIOl [TEAjUNOZ
horses,

Galloping biga r., driven by Nike as

;

head of above, holding goad in r. farther horse well in advance beneath

;

second word of inscr. in

ex.

237

104-3

^R

-8

border doubtful.

[Plate

xvii, 24.

Pieces of Pour Litrae

Beardless male head (Gelon) border of dots.
1.,

diademed;

ZYPAKOZIOl
with
closed
;

rEAJQNoZ
wings, standing plain border.

r.

Eagle on

thunderbolt

238

50-

M
yR

-65

behind,

in front,

BA
K

[Head, Pl.

xi. 5.]

239

49-4

-7

behind,
I

BA

in front,

on the coins of scholars, however, consider that the portraits of Gelon and Hieron tyrants of tliofcc names. Dr. Imhoof-Blumer, II are idealized representations of the early taken for that of who inclines to this view, suggests that the head on the next series, usually ^Liin-.cn, p. 21). Damarete {I'ortrdtkorfc auf Aidikcn Gricch. Philistis may really bo intended for
"*

Some

Hieron

246

SICILY

No.

SYRACUSE
Weight

247

No.

Mktal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Bronze *

Head

of

Hieron

1.,

wearing diadem,

lEPHNOZ
beneath,

(in ex.) Galloping biga r., driven by winged Nike, n iked to waist, holding reins in both hands.

US 249

559525-

M M

1-35
1-3

(border of dots ?)

beneath, traces of letter.

[Plate

xviii.

2.]

Head

of

Hieron

1.,

wearing

diadem

lEPHNOS
r.
;

border of dots.

250
251

273-5
273-

Horaeman prancing helmet, cuirass, and chlamys, and holds couched spear in r. plain border.
(in ex.)

he

wears

1-05

behind, lyre

(head laur.).
beneath horse,
[Cf. Head, Pl. xii. l.J

.E 1-05

no symbol no sjrmbol

visible.

252

281270259-

.E 1-05

visible,

A
/R

253 254
255 256
257 258 259

268265274255240-

260
261
2G2

268-5
261265300-

263

264 265
266 267 268 269

258-5
290-

265-5
289269-

285-

m M M 105 M M 11 M 1-05 M 1-05 M 1-05 M 1-15 M M 1-1 m 1-05 M 1-05 M 105 M M 1-05 ^
1-1 1-1 1-1 1-2 1-1
1-1

behind, thunderbolt,
behind, serpent.

no symbol,

no symbol

visible.

behind, poppy -head, behind, bucranium.

no symbol

visible.

AY
Ml

behind, bucranium.

NK

no symbol

visible.

uncertain symbol,
behind, pine-torch flaming.

[Plate
*

sviii.

3.]

common

Nos. 248 f. represent the double of Nos. 2.50 ff. The difference in the Rev. type recalls the convention which distinguished n tetradrachm by a quadriga and a didraohm by a

horseman.

218

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Eeveese

Head
of

of

Persephone
earring-,
;

corn,

wearing wreath, ]., and necklace hair

;

lEPIlNOS
S
;

Pegasos flying

r.

beneath,

plain border.

270

181-5

rolled
-95

border of dots.

[Head, Pl.

xii. 5.

Head

of Poseidon border of dots.

1.,

wearing

taenia;

lEP

UNOS
;

either side of

Ornamental trident, on which a dolphin down-

wards
271
129141-

plain border.

-9

in field

1.,

272

M
M M

-85

hP

[Plate

xviii. 4.J

273 274
275

127133-

-95
-9

(12 in inscr.)

131-

JE -85

Simihir.

lEPH NOS
in field
r.,

Similar,

276 277

87-5 88-5
101-

JE

-75 -75 -75

-8

AP
inscr.).

278
279

102-5
126-

M ^ M
2E,

AP
AY
;

(12 in
1.,

in field

in field

r., <(>;

(12 in inscr.).

280

-85

in field

r.,

no border.

Z Y P A KOZ
1.,
;

N * Head of Persephone wearing wreath of corn, earring, and necklace hair rolled border of dots.
I ;

(in

ex.)

Bull
1.;

butting

1.

above

which, club

plain border.

281

97-5
76-

282

M M

-75
-75

behind, poppy-head

beneath club,

no symbol.

[Head, Pl.

xii.

6.]

283

8886-

M
jE

-75
-8

poppy-head,

I
n

284
285 286

no symbol
kantharos
?

vi.sible.

88-5
75-5

M
M
M M

-8

-75

poppy-head.

O
[Plate
xviii.

5.

287

88-5

-75
-8

poppy-head,

lA

288

102'5

symbol obscure.
*

On

all

where certainty

the following the inscr. is obscure, or altogether is possible, the form employed is 12
.

ofE

the coin.

In the few cases

SYRACUSE
Metal
Size

2i9

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

289

74o
84-5
S2-5
96-

A'l

'7o

110

symbol

visible,

290
291

Ai -75

symbol obscure,
bucraiiium

M M
N
I

29-2

poppy-head.
.Ti
-7:.

293
2\)i

86-

91-5
102-

O T
!

295

.E

7.-)

^mbol ohscure.
110

296

-75

symbol.

Similar; without symbol; no

iiiscr.

Similar.

297

54o
65-

JE -65

beneath club,

298
299

M
JE

-Go
-65

AY
Z

70-."i

3U0
301 302

72-.:.

M
.E .E

G.")

5957-

(Jo

6-

Similar.

Similar type and symbol, both

I

r.

in ex.,

plain border.

303
304

60-5
18-

.E

-6

beneath club,

AY

.E

-6

no
[Plate
xviii.

letters
6.]

beneath club.

Circa

216215

B.C.

to the tyramii/, hut loas assassinated Hicron's (ji-ctmhon. Hiai-onijmiis, succeeded a year later.

Silver

Pieces of T6n Litrae

Head
of

Hieronymus

1.,

diademed; borc'er

BAZIAEOZ
{Q, in inscr.)
above,

Winged thunderbolt;
plain border.

of dots.

lEPnNYMOY
Ml

306 306

1274
126-

M
/R

-85
-9

[Platl

xviii. 7.

250

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Revebse

Bronze

Head
132-6
164-

of

Hieronymus

1.,

diademed; border

BAZIAEOZ
lEPHNYMoY
above, above,

Winged

of dots.

thunderbolt plain border.

307 308

M M

-9

T
<|>
;

belo-vs^,

-9

below,

[Head, Pl.

xii.

13.]

Circa

215212

B.C.

The restored democracy, following the yolicy initiated by Hieronymns, definitely declared for Carthage against Rome (214 B.C.). In coiitteqiience, Syracuse was besieged and captured by the Romans (212 B.C.).
iSlLVBE

Pieces of Twelve Litrae

Head
-weai-ing earring, neckCorinthian helmet, and aegis tied round throat with snakes border of dots.
1.,

of Pallas

ZYPAKOZinN
;

lace,

crested

Artemis standing 1., quiver on shoulder, bending her bow to shoot she wears endromides and short chiton with diploidion at her feet, a hound running 1. ; plain border.
;

309

1.572

M
M.

-95

behind. A"

in field

1.,

Zn
Y A Z A

[Platk

xviii. 8.]

310

149-4

-95

no nionogr.

in field

1.,

Similar, -without

aegis

helmet adorned

Similar.

with serpent.

311

154-

M,

-95

in field

1.,

5A

Piece of Eight Litrae

Head
lace,
1., wearing earring, neckaegis fastened round throat with snakes, and crested Corinthian helmet,

of Pallas

ZYPAKOZinN YA beneath, _ "

Winged
;

thunderbolt

plain border.

adorned with running

of helmet.

griffin;

on back

border of dots.

312

100-8

M.

-95

[Plate

xviii.

9.j

Bkonze

Head
313
GO:

of Poseidon border of dots.

r.,

bound with taenia;

;

ZYPAKO

ZlflN

Ornamental

trident;

border of dots.

.E

-7

[Plate xvni. 10.]

SYRACUSE
Weight

251

No.

Mktal
Size

314 315
31G

41-5

317
318

319

154-5
179-5

320

321

33-5

322

49-

323

169-5

324

98-

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Head
325
99-

of Zeus

r.,

laur.

border of dots.

SYPAKO ZIHN
open, on thunderbolt
xyiii.

Eagle, with wings r. border of dots.

;

-85
'

[Plate

11. J

Head

of

Zeus

1,,

laur.; border of dots.

ZY PA K O Z
biga
r.,

326 327

141133-

M M
M

(below) Galloping I 2 driven by winged Nike, holding whip and reins above, crescent with horns upwards plain border.
; ;

-9

-95

[Plate 328
157-9

xviii. 12.]

crescent, not visible.

Head

of

Zeus

1.,

laur.

border of dots.

ZYPAKOZiriN

fin ex.) Fa.st biga 1., driven by winged Niko, holding goad in r., reins in 1. ; plain border.

329 330

110-

above, star.

86-5

-75

above, dolphin

r.

[Plate

xviii.

13.]

Head
331
138-

of

Zens

r.,

laur.; border of dots.

ZYPAKOZin [N]
by winged Nike
;

Fast biga r., driven border of dots.

-8

[Cf. Head, Pl. xiv. 3.]

Head

of Pallas thian helmet

r.,
;

wearing crested Corin-

border of dots.

Nike facing, with open -wings, holding sword in raised r. she wears long chiton, and kneels -ivith 1. knee on the back of a prostrate bull r., which she is
:

about to

sacrifice

border of dots.

332

11499-.

M M

-85
.s5

ZY
[Cf.

P AKO

zihn

ZYPA
Head, Pl. xiv.

K O Zl
4.]

UN

Head
334
335
110-

of Sarapis

r.,

M M M

head-di-ess of horns, globe, border of dots.

-8

wearing taenia, and and plumes

;

ZYPAK O
of dots.

CI

UN

Isis

1.,

holding

sistrumand leaning upon sceptre; border

[Cf.
75-

Head, Pl. xiv.

5.]

-75

336

141-5 109-5

-85

Lsis

wears globe apd horns.

.ir-75

SYRACUSE
Metal
Size

Ko.

Weight

Obversk

Reversb

Head

338 339

8G-5

of Isis r., with long hair, wreathed with corn and surmounted by headdress of horns, globe, and plumes border of dots.

ZYPA KOZIHN
;

Head-dress of

Isis,

consisting of horns surmounted by globe and plumes behind which, two ears of barley placed crosswise plain border.
;

-75

97-5

-75

[Of.

Head, Pl.

xiv.

7.]

Head

of

Persephone
:

r.,

wearing wreath of

Demeter

of corn

hair rolled.

veiled, and wearing long 1., chiton and peplos, holding torch and

sceptre.

340
341

109-

M
JE

-8

[ZYP]AK O

ZI^N

115-

-8

ZYPAK
[Head, Pl.
xiv. 6.]

O [ZI^N]

Head
342
52-5
46-

^
M
JE

of Persephone and wreath of corn

1.,
;

wearing earring border of dots.

^V.^1

within wreath of barley

border.

plain

-6

UN

343

-65

behind, coi'nucopiae.

344
345

44-

-6

behind, type r. upwards.

;

crescent

with

horns

no border

visible.

40-

-6

type

r.

no symbol

no border

visible.

[Head, Pl. xiv.

9.]

346

251

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Oevekse

Hevebsb

TAUROMENIUM
Circa

358275

B.C.

Tauromenium, originally a Sil-ct post, was Hellenized in 358 B.C., when the remnant of the Naxians, whose city had been destroyed half a century earlier, loere settled there by Andromachos. It was here that Timoleon landed.

Head
243-5

of Apollo Arohegetes

1.,

laur.

in

front,

APXAfETAZ

T AY POM
bull

E[NITAN]
1.
;

border of dots.

walking

Man-lieaded border of dots.

JR

1-

[Plate

xviii.

16.]

Similar

legend obscure.

TAYPoMENITAN
plain border.
in ex.,

Bull butting

1.

76-5 76-5

-8

(no border visible.)

M5
N

(inscr. partly off coin).

-85

in ex.,

Head
123-5

of

Apollo

1.,

laur.

in

front,

APXArETA5;
-9

TAYPOM ENITAN
of dots.

Lyre;

border

border of dots.

Similar

legend obscure.

TAYPOM ENITAN
plain border
?

Tripod. with neck and three handles.

80-

JE -75 Ai -75

69-5

no border.

Female head 1., -wearing earring, necklace, and Stephanos border of dots.
;

Bunch

of grapes with two leaves; plain border.

70-5

JE -65

in front, traces of legend

(lflA9A5).
[Plate
xviir.

17.]

The attribution

of this coin to

Tauromonium

is

not certain

TAUROMENIUi\r

255

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Revekse

Circa 275

210

B.C.

or later. *

Tanro)ncu!i(m formed part of the hingdom of Hieron II. of Syracuse. As it is tmUkelij it to coin in the precious metals, Nos. 8 and 9 were probably struck Tauromenium was loyal to Borne, and was made a 'civitas after his death in 216 B.C. f foederata at the settlement of 210 B.C. but it issued little or no money afterwards.
that he allowed
' ;

Gold

Piece of Fifteen Litrae

Head

of Apollo

r.,

laur.

T AY PO M
N IT AN
r.,

E]

Tripod-lebes, with neck and three handles

;

plain border.

16-3

-4

behind, serpent round omphalos.

in field

EY ?

[Plate

xviii.

18.]

SiLVEE

L itr a
Bull's head facing
;

border of dots.

TAY

PO

Bunch

of gi-apes.

13-2

-35

Bkonze

Head

of bearded Herakles border of dots. taenia

;

r.,

bound with

TAYPOMEN[ITAN]
border doubtful.

Bull butting

r.

97-

-S

behind,

^
1.,

Head

of Apollo

laur.;

behind,

bee;

TAYPO MEN IT AN
of dots.

border of dots.
11 12
189-

with neck and three handles

Tripod-lebes, border
;

99-5

M M

-9

-9

border not

vi.sible.

TAYPoMENITAN
Dionysos 1., border of dots.
13
84.-E

Head

of
of

young
ivy
;

APOA AUNOZ

wearing wreath

neck and three handles

Tripod-lebes, with plain border. ;

-85

14

101-5

Head
15
95-

wearing necklace and crested Corinthian helmet.

of Pallas
1.,

TAYPoMEN
galloping
;

TAN

Pegasos

1.

plain border.

-85
decidedly late a style that of No. 23. for instance, is of so early as 210 B.C. that it is so 702. Ad. Holm, Oe^rhlchtc 8-icihen5, m., t See, however,
it

is difficult

to believe

The Rev.

256

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obtekse

Rbvebse

Similar type

behind, owl

1.

border of

TAYPOAAENI
prancing
;

TAN

Pegasos

1.,

16

155-

dots.
1-

plain border.

Head

of Pallaa

lace,

r., wearing earring, neckand crested Corinthian helmet

;

TAYP0M6NITAN
cing
;

Pegasos

r.,

pran-

plain border.

border of dots.

17

82-

/K

-7

behind,

K
[Plate xvih. 19.]

Head
18 105-

of Apollo

1.,

laur.

border of dots.

Bull butting

r.

plain border.

M
M

-85

TAYPO
A\ENITA
(No. 18
is
.

restruck on a coin of Hieron, similar to Syracuse, Nos. 274

f.)

19

-8

behind, traces of symbol.

TAYPO
MENITA[N]

20

85-5

-8

behind, bee.

TAYPO
. .

ITA

Dionysiac
ivy
;

head

v.,

wearing

wreath of

TAYPOM
[E]NITAN

Bull standing
of dots.

r.

border

plain border.

21

49-5

-6

in

front,

uncertain symbol

or

monogr.

(Y

visible).

Head

of Pallas r., wearing crested Corinthian helmet and necklace.

TAYPOME NITAN
(amphora, almost

Owl standing
amphora
of dots.
r.
;

r.,

on border

22

G4-

-65

off coiu.)

Head
ivy.

of

young Dionysos

r.

crowned with

TA YPO
ME N [IT AN]
patera,
in
1,
;

Dionysos
chiton
1,,

1.,
;

clad in short
r.,

holding in
;

thyrsots

at

his

feet,

23

77-6

panther
'So

border of dots.

TAUROMENIUM ROMANS
Weight

IN SICILY

257

No.

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

SICULO- PUNIC*
Bkonze
Fuartli

Ceutuyij B.C.

Head
.E -75

of

and wreath,

Persephone of corn

1.,
;

wealing earring plain border.

ree horse, prancing

r.

plain border.

[Plate

xviii.

20.]

(00

JE

-65
i

[Plate

xviii. 21.

JE
84-

-65

head slightly different in

style,

JE -GS
JE, -7

head again varied. head much larger; (no border

style rude.
visible),

(border doubtful.)
(no border.)

(;k-

JE

-65

ROMANS

IN SICILY

Bk(.ixzk

Serijitil

Centui-ij

B.C.

Head
long
58-5

of Apollo
cui'ls

1.,
;

laur.

behind

hair falls in border of dots.

;

Stalk of corn, on which are leaves and two border of dots. ears ; between ears,

JE

-65

After

210

B.C.

Probably struck at Panormus

Asses
Head of Janus,
ly^;

laur.
r.,

above,
all

?; in field

1.,

Head

of
;

young Herakles
in front,

r.,

wearing

lion's

in field

within wreath of

skin

Ai

all

within wreath

laurel.

of laurel.

\^2

^Ti '71

[Platk

xix.

1.]

Motya (No. 3), Panormus (Nos. l-U), * Other Siculo-Punio coins have been described under specimens of the "Camp" issues will be and Syracuse (Nos. 44 and 56), while Snlu, rNo ot th^ Vol III. For interesting discussions on the date and types Holm f'ound Ad ^'Medallions," etc., passvn {eg. pp. 26S ff.). roTnaLe see A J Evans, Syram^c^n fi., together iu his acscluchte S^cbau.-, m., pp. 63^ has rfcently groupeltho various classes, plate (No. vm.). with an excellent illustrative ^^

Z11\^La111:

258

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Si;;e

Obvebsb

Reverse

Head
113-

of Janus, laur.

above,

border of

/O^

within a wreath of laurel

border of

dots.

dots.

iE -85

Similar

on

type

above,
;

all

around, within wreath of

I
;

Head

of

Zeus

r.,

laur.

hair long

border

of dots.

laurel.

JE

-75

Tlie following aye without

marks of
of
;

value.

Head
59-

of bearded
;

Herakles

r.,

bare; club

Head

at shoulder

border of dots.

skin

all

young Herakles 1., wearing within wreath of laurel.

lion's

fPLATE
(No. 5
is

XIX. 2.]
rostruck.)

Triquetra
Avhich,
78-

of

legs,

at

the

centre

of

Gorgon's

head; round about,

SEIO [PROC]OS
D

border of
dots.

SEPT[EI]BA/B IIVIR
iE
-7.5

Circa 40 B.C.

Stiuck by Sextus Pompeius.*

Young male head

112-

r.

border of dots.

H|S [PANO]
?)

iB

-8

in front, uncertain letters

ANA

Horseman, wearing crested helmet, and holding couched spear, galloping r. border of dots.
;

RVM

[Plate xix. 3.]

See Heiss, Monnaies Antiques de VEspagne, pp. 4il f. Spam, but Sicily. Cf. Ad. Holm, Geschichte

SiciUens,

These coins are found not iii., pp. 463 f

ROMANS
No.

IN SICILY UNCERTAIN

259

Weight

^^''''''

Size

Obvekse

Reveese

UNCERTAIN OP SICILY
After circa 345
B.C.

Silver
liitra

Free horse, prancing

11-8

r.

/R

-4

K
[B.M.C.,
p.

within wreath of olive

r.

237

(1).]

Bronze

A
462-5

Bull butting

1.

plain border.

Star of sixteen rays

JE 1-2

plain border.

IB.M.C,

p.

237

(2).J

Campanian helmet r., with cheek-pieces and neck-piece plain border.

;

]^ within -svreath of olive

r.

-5

[Plate
It is suggested

xix.

4.

m the

B.M.O.

Campamans

m Sicily,

{Sicily, p. 237) that

the

monogram

the above coins being interpreted as=

may have been

KAM.

struck by the

Head
241-5

of Pallas r., wearing Corinthian helmet with neck-piece border of dots.

;

h\

Horse prancing

r.,

bridle-rein loose

1-

[Plate xix.

5.]

The style and types of this coin show that it formed part of the mintage that followed the successful expedition of Timoleon. Cf. of Bnteila, Alaesa, etc. Mr. Head, who saw a cast of the coin, was inclined to think it may have been struck at Mytistratus. Since receiving his suggestion I have detected what may be traces of on the extreme left of the coin beyond the bridle-rein.

'

Second Century

B.C.,

or earl,

Beonzb Female head

50-5
64-5
r. hair rolled, and gathered in knot behind.
;

Ram

standing upright.

r.

in

fi'ont,

barleycorn

-7

-7

L L 2

260

ISLANDS

01'

SICILY

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obvekse

Reverse

Islands op Sicilv

LIPARA
Bkonze

Circa

350300

B.C.

During

tliis

period Lipara loas

iiiih'i>eiiilcnt.

Soou afterwards

it

fell into

tlie

hands

of

the CitrthaijiiiUDHi.

Litrae
Hephaistos, as naked youth, seated r. on four-legged stool; he has hammer in 1-. hand which is lowered and holds 1. extended, grasping kantharos by stalk.
;

AlP APAIOA/
waves.

Dolphin

r.

beneath,

202-

!!

Similar type its handle.

84-

but

1.

grasps kantharos by

AIPA

PAI

OA/

Dolphin

r.

border

of dots.

JE

-9

Similar type
105-

border of dots.

AIPAPAI XIN
waves
;

Dolphin

1.;

beneath,

border of dots.

Ai -95
[Plate
xix. 6.]

Hemilitron
Similar
IIG-

type; extended 1.

but

kantharos

rests

on

AIPAPAIOA/
of dots,

around

.,
*

border

JE

-85

LI

PARA

2(;i

No.

2(32

ISLANDS OF SrCILT

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

SARDINIA
Sanliiila, which
hi/

had formerly been under

the

the liomans in the interual between the First

dominion of Carthage, was subjugated and Second Punic Wars.

Bronze
/v\

ATIVS BALBVS PR
1.

Young

SARD

male head
141-

Bearded head r, P spear at shoulder wears head-dress resembling a crown v^ith long spikes.

ATER

I-

MACEDON, THRACE
AND THE EUROPEAN COASTS OE THE EUXINE
Metal
Size

Xo.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

The Pangaean

Disteict

The principal trade of tlda district was in the praciutis metals, and coinage here It follows the standard of the early silver of Lijdia, 'which begins verij earhj. Compare loas pruhahlij imitated as soon as it found its way across the Aegean.
the coins of Thasos.

ORRESCII
This people are Iciwwn
oitlij

from

their coih

Silver
Before circa 480

B.C.

Babylonic Standard

Staters
Bearded centaur
r., carrying in his arms the hair of clad in long chiton both figures long and indicated by dots.

Quadii partite "incuse square.

nymph

149-

.11

hi.".

57

le

of ex,, double.

[Plate
13-1
.11
-8
[ ]

xix. 9.]

H9J7;

ex., off coin.

(Nil.
2,

which

is

piercecl, is uf eiirlior style ;iu<l fabric.)

2U
Metal
Size

THE PANGAEAN DISTRICT

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

NEAPOLIS

Babyloiiic Standard
Circa
NoajiifiJlx

500411

B.C.

the

was prohahly oriijinaUy a Thasian settlement. SuhscqiifiiiJi/ It formed part of Athenian Empire. The type of the Obv. was perhaps derired from Euhoca.

Staters
Gorgon's head.
j

Quadiipartite incuse square.

150-3

.-R

8-

[Plate
2*
.Rpl.-75

six.

10.]

[Plate

xix.

11.

Phoenician Standard
Circa

411350

B.C.
irith the

The chaiujc of standard here

u-as doubtless

contemporaneous

change at

the

neighhonring Thasos (q.v.).

Hemidrachm!
Gorgon's head.

N E P O

Head
;

of

Aphrodite

r.

hair

29-5

fastened with cord, and turned up behind all within incuse of imperfectly defined shape.

.11

-6

[Plate
27-2
2S-7
.11
-s.";

xix.

12.]

style finer.

-R
,R

-55
-5

style finer

Aphrodite wears necklace.

26-

''^^'^^1

2(3 '3

ill -55
I

NEO
xix.

Similar,

[Plate

13.]

spcoitiL guujlj IS only b!L', s,.l^c'l"v!rvT.1^:!;vs'f,^' very

"'"''-

Hourly

.T'^r^^'^n*''"''' ^^ " "^^^^^^^^ iluit uf jjuro cupper.

appcivmnce of plating, f b^

its

NEAPOLIS EION
Metal
Size

265

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

ON

Silver

Babylonic Standard

Circa

500437

B.C.

The

attribution of finds.

tJiJS

following

coiiis to

The

city lost its

Eion is not certain, but rests on tlie evidence of importance when Amphipolis was fomided.

Trihe mi ob o1s
Goose
1,
;

r., head turned back; above, lizard border of dots.

Sballovr incuse square quartered.

14-8

M M M

-5

(No. 1

is

pierced.)
xix.

[Plate
13-1
-55

14.

in front,

11-3

-5

beneath,

M M

J 8

2U6

EMATHIAN DISTRICT
Metal
Size

Ho.

Weight

Obverse

Reveese

Emathian Distkict

LETE
SiLVEK
Tliongli

hardly Inoini

to histori/,

command of
when

silver mines.

All

its

Lete coined abundantly, dovbtless owing to its money appears to he earlier than 480 B.C.,

the district fell into the

hands of Alexander

I.

of Mace dun.

Circa 5C0 B.C.

Babylonic Standard
Staters
Beai-ded centaur running r., with head turned back r. arm stretched backwards in 1. hand, round object hair long and indicated by dots.
; ;

Quadripartite incuse square; incuses, slightly granulated.

surface of

145-5

-75

[Plate

xix.

15.

Bearded centaur rTinning carrying ofl: nymph clad in long chiton the hair of both figures long and indicated by dots ; ex. marked off by plain line above dotted.
r.,
;

- 1131

Shallow

incuse square, crested helmet r.

within

which,

147-9

/R

-75

inscr. doubtful, except

3
[Plate
xix.

16.]

Tri hemi ob o1
Satyr, having
tail and feet of a horse, kneeling r. on r. knee, naked, veretrum tenens ; r. hand stretched out behind.

Quadripartite incuse square.

18-9
15-4

/R
JR

-45

-45

[B.M.C,
(No. 4

p.
is

80

(29).]

pierced.)

*
Cf.

The attribution of No. 1 to Lete is very doubtful. It rests mainly on weight and style. Imhoof-Blumor, llonn. rjrecq., p. 82. In Berlin and Paris there are coins similar to No. 2,

reading

^^OIAT3A.

Sec BerHii

C'cifa?., ii.,

p. 91.

LETE AEGAE
Metal
Size

267

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eevekse

AEGAE
Silver

Babylonic Standard

Circa 600

480

B.C.

in

Aegae leas the capital of Alexander I. of Macedon. On the extension of his kingdom Aegae coined again in 480 B.C. he altered his monetari/ system. {See p. 283.) Imperial times, under the name of Edessa (q.v.).

Stater
Goat, kneeling looking back
ex.
1.
;

on one knee, and above, floral ornament

line

Quadripartite shallow incuse square.

marked oS by dotted
;

upon

plain

border of dots.

144-6

-85

[Plate

xis.

17.]

M M

268

BISALTIAN DISTRICT

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

BiSALTiAN District

BISALTAE
SiLVEE

Phoenician Standard
Circa

500480

B.C.

The

coins of this people are prior to their absorption into the Idngdom The Phoenician standard was probably of Alexander I. (q.v.).

derived

from Abdera

(q.v.).

Octadrachms

WO

>ll

TA A

518

Naked

warrior,

Quadripartite shallow incuse square.

wearing kausia, and holding two spears, standing r. on the farther side of a bridled horse r. two exergnal lines, lower of which dotted ; border of dots.
;

443-8

1-25

in front, bird flying

r.

CISA r

I
;

Similar type, with

Similai'.

single ex, line

same border.

440-2

JR 1-25

in front, bearded

human head

r.

[Plate

xix. 18.]

BISALTAE DEMETRIUS
Metal
Size

2(jt

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

DYNASTS
MOSSES
('/)(((

SCO 480

B.C.

NotHtKj

is

hiown of Momrca, who was perhaps

Khirj of the Bisaltae.

Drachms
Warrior, wearing kausia and short chlamys, carrying two spears, walking r. on the farther side of a horse r.
-65

AA

5b'5
59-

S S E fl written round an incuse squai'e, in the centre of which is a raised quadripartite square.

/R -65
[B.M.C.,
p.

143

(3).J

DEMETRIUS
Circa 450
B.C.

Nothing

is

known of

this dyiuisf.

His data

is

fiied hy the style of the coin

Drachm

AH/^H TPIO
67-

Free horse, walking

r,

Young male head

incuse square.

r.,

wearing taenia, in

-65

(A pierced

coin.)

[Plate

xix.

19..J

270

CHALCIDICE

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Chalcidice
Tliia district

was

iiiniithj

colonized from Euhoea,

silver

and

its toions tJierefore stnu-lc

their

on the Euhoie-Attic standard.

APOLLONIA
Bbonzb
Circa

400350

B.C.

Young male head

121-

r.,

wearing vereath of

101-5

M M

ivy
'9

border of dots.

AnNOX

A no A

Amphora.

'9

ACANTHUS
Silver
Circa
Aetmthus, a colony

500424
the

B.C.

from Andros, followed

standard of

the neighbouring

Euhocan

settlements.

Euboic-Attic Standard

Tetradrachm
Lion on back of bull I., seizing it with and claws bull's head raised and turned back; above, O; in ex., floral ornament; line of ex., dotted between two plain Hues border of dots.
r.

Quadripartite incuse square.

teeth

265-

1-1

iB.M.C,

p.

31

(3).]

Tetrobol
Forepart of lion gnawing prey
floral
r.
;

above,
dotted;

Quadii partite incuse square.

ornament;

line

of

ex.,

border of dots.

.R

-6

["Plate xix. 20.]

APOLLONIA-ACANTHDS
Metal
Size

271

No.

Weight

Obversk

Ueveuse

Di
Archaic head of Pallas
lace, circular earring,
r., wearing neckand crested Athe-

o b o

Quadripartite incuse square.

nian helmet.
lS--i

M-i5
[B.M.a,
(No. 3
p.
is

33 (15).J
pierced.)

Circa 424
In 424-

400

B.C.,

or later.

B.C.,

rccoltcd

as a result of the expedition of Brasidas, most of the Ghalcidian from Athens. The standard and style of the coins then changed.

cities

Phoenician Standard

Tetradrachm
Lion
r.,

him

-with

leaping upon bull 1., and seizing in ex., teeth and claws
;

A KA N
of

ON

around the border

traces of letters

border of dots.

incuse square, within which a quadripartite linear square, each quarter containing a raised granulated

an

surface.
213-5

.R 11
[Cf. ^.Jf.C, p. 34 (25).
(Ni).

is

pierced.)

Tetrobol
Forepart of bull kneeling 1. on one knee, and looking back border of dots.
;

Shallow
slightly

quadripartite granulated.

incuse

square,

29-5

Al

-55
[Cf.

D.M.C.,

p.

36 (34).]

Beonze
After circa 400
B.(

Head
39-

Pallas Athenian helmet.

of

r.,

wearing

crested

A K N A

Wheel within the four

;

quarters of

which, letters of

inscr.

'3

272

CHALCIDICE

No.

OLYNTHUS CA8SANDREA
Metal
Size

273

No.

Weight

Obveese

Reverse

CASSANDREA
Tills

town

Hia.s

founded by Cnntumder on

the site of I'olidaca.

It loas

made a Roman

colony by Augustus.

Beonze
Claudius

TICLACAESA RAVGGERM
Head
of Claudius
r.,

COLIVLAVGCA 99ANDRE
Head
horn.
of

laur.

Zeus

Ammon

r.,

- with ram's

-9

countermarked

^G

__AE9A RAVGGERMPMTRP
Similar head, bare.

Similar.

-QZ

same countermark.

[TI]CLACAE9A

--GERMPMPP COLIVLAVG

[CAISSANDR

Similar head
-9

1.,

laur.

Head of Zeus Ammon r., with ram's horn.

Nero

neroclavdivscae<;aravg

.OLIVLA-- 9SANDREN
of

Head

GERRMTRPPM

Head

of

Nero

1.,

Zeus

Ammon

1.,

with ram's horn.

radiate.

-85

NERO[CLAVDlV9CA]ESARAVG

COLIVLAVG [CA]9SANDREN
Similar head.

GERRMTRPPM
radiate.

Head

of

Ne.

1.,

-85

same

die as no.

4?

Vespasian

IMPCAESVESPASIAAVG
of Vespasian
r.,

Bust

COLIVLAVGCASSANDRENS
Similar head.

laur.

6
VOL.
I.

-96

N N

274.

CPIALCIDICE

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Titus and Domitian

DOMITIAN
Titus and Domitiau, another, both laur.
of

Heads
facing

COLI

AVG CASSANDRENS

one

Similar head.

-96

[Plate

xix.

22.]

Caracalla

MAVRAN [TON]INVS
Caracalla
r., laujr.

Head

of

COLIVLIAV GCAS

Similar head

r.

-8

Caracalla or Elagabalus

NTONINVS
Emperor
r.,

laur.,

Bust of A/ wearing cuirass and

COLIVL
Similar head

CASSAN

r.

paludamentum.

75

BOTTICE
Circa

392379

B.C.,

or later.

The date of

this coin is fixed

hy its resemblance to those of the Chalcidian League. See Olynthus, Nos. 1 3.

Bronze

Headof Apollo
49-

r.,

laur.; border of dots.

BOT T

lAI

liN

Lyre.

-65

AMPHIPOLIS
Metal
Size

275

No.

Wei&ht

Obvkkse

Reverse

Steymonian and Bottiaean Districts

AMPHIPOLIS
Circa
42"!!

358

B.C.

Amphipolis was colonized from Athens, in 437 B.C. lut its coinage, as is clear from the standard followed, did not legin till the revolt of 424 B.C. The city was captured by Fhilip in 357 B.C.
;

Silver

Phoenician Standard

Obol
Head
of

Apollo?

r.,

wearing taenia;

A
I

AA
4>

Pisli

downvrards

r.,

-within linear

border of dots.

square
square.

enclosed

in

incuse

67

,R -35

IB.M.C,

p.

45 (10).

Bronze

Head

of Apollo

1.,

laur.

A
<J)

A\
I

Racing torch, flaming 1. the whole in linear square.

;

96-

jE

-65

behind,

bow ?
[Plate
xx.
l.J

Head
23-

of

Apollo

1.,

wearing

taenia

AA

Racing torch.

hair long.

23o

-45

type

r.

AA

torch flaming

1.

From 357 to 168 B.C. Amphipolis was one of the chief mints of the Macedonian When Macedon loas reorgani'/ed by the Bomans after Pydna, it became Icings*
For the capital of the first of the four confederacies. Cf also pp. 350 f
*

money

struclc then, see p.

354.

For

coins

attributed
6,

Alexanleb the Great,

by Miiller to this epoch, 1113, 3850, etc.

see

Philip

II.,

24-,

35,

114,
-!

etc.

N N

276

STRYMONIAN AND BOTTIABAN DISTRICTS

Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Revbese

Aftef circa 146

Oil

B.C.

the dissolution of the four coufedernc'es iu 116 B.C. (or possibly earlier), Aiiiphipolis, like other towns, began to strike iu its own name.

Beonze

Head

of
;

young Herakles
bordei' of dots.

r.,

wearing

lion's

AM(t>ino

Lion standing
ear of corn.
inscr., in ex.

r.

skin
15-1-5

TUN

beneath,

JE

-8

second haH of

[Plate

xx.

2.]

Head

of Roma (or Perseus ?) r., wearing winged helmet, the top ending in the head of a griffin.
visible.

AM<i>in[o]

AITnN

within a wreath of oakleaves.

102-6

JE

-7

no border

Head

of Poseidon border of dots.

r.,

wearing

taenia

AM<t>l

TUN
and

no

Club

above and beneath, the whole within a wreath of oakr.

;

monograms

leaves.

118-

/E

-S

1^

traces of

second mono-

gram

above.

12-

-75

\^. and
(AP)

l?E

above

traces of second monogr. outside wreath on 1.,

thunderbolt.

Head
109-

of Artemis Tauropolos ]., wearing stephane at her shoulder, bow and quiver ; border of dots.
;

A M<|) no AITI2N
I

Bull butting r

-8

second half of inscr., in ex.

Similar type.

AM<I>

in[o]
[N]

A ITU
10
128-

Two

goats

contend-

ing,

on their hind

JE

-86

legs, face to face.

11

103-

-85
.

Al

^ infO] 112 N

in field

r.,

in

Md

m
1.,

uncertain monogr

AMPHIPOLIS
Metal
Size

277

No.

Weight

Obverse

Bevekse

12

78-

JE

-7

13

17

18 19

20

278

STRYMONIAJSr

AND BOTTIAEAN DISTRICTS

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Eeveesb

Imperial Times

Without Head

of

Emperor
Bull feeding
r.

Head
22
36-5

of Pallas

r.,

wearing helmet adorned

[A]M<t>inO

with foreparts
-6

of horses; border of dots.

[AITHN]

Head
23
181-

of Medusa, facing, winged, and with serpent-hair border of dots.

;

AM<I>ino AEI TX2N

Pallas Nikephoros standing 1.; she supiDorts shield with

1.
;

behind

rises spear.

.^

-85

Bust

of

Artemis Tauropolos

r.

shoulder,
dots.

bow and quiver

at her border of
;

AA\<l>ino
of
veil,

polos, holding

Artemis Taui-owith each hand one end riding on bull galloping r.

;

AEITUN

24

245-5

border of dots.
I'l

Head
25
59-

of

Zeus

r.,

laur.

behind, sceptre

AM<l>inOAEITr2N
wings, standing head turned back
r.
;

Eagle, with open

border of dots.

-7

thunderbolt border of dots.

on

AM<1>I
City),

TTOAIZ
veiled

Female head (the and turreted r.; border

AM* ITT OAEITXIN

;

26

83-

not visible.
-7

Warrior, wearing crested hehiiet, standing 1., resting upon inverted spear border of dots.

Augustus

KAIZAPO

Head

of

Augustus

r.,

[ZEJBAZTOV
27

AA> <l>inOAITf2N

Artemis Tauro-

bare.

-8

polos, holding with each hand one end of veil, riding on bull galloping r.

ZEBAZTOV
28

KAIZAPOZ

Similar.

AM<l>inOAeiTnN

similar.

-95

countermarked with incuse crescent, within which incuse circle containing pellet marked with wheel-like ornament.

AMPHIPOLIS
279
No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse Revbbse

A ^tV^ ^ '^^ITIIN

^ """*

^ A^-temis Tauropolos

I'-,

Jier shoulder,

bow and

wearing- stephane; at quiver.

KAIZAP

ZEBAZTOZ
gestum";

The Emperor, hand raised, 1.

his

r.

29

JE ^E

-95
1-

ing parazonium, standing 1. he is being crowned from behind by draped male figure.

graspon " sug-

30

inscr. illegible.

Li^

[IOVAI]AZEBA
Livia
31
r.,

ZTH

Head

of

veiled,

wearing stephane.

AM<|)inOAITr2N
polos, holding

-85

of veil,

Artemis Taurowith each hand one end riding on bull galloping r.

Tiberius.

[TIJKAIZAPZEB AZTO[Z]
32

Head

of Tiberius

AM<l>inOAITriN

Similar.

r.,

bare.

-85

Domitian

AVTOKPATflP AOMITIANO
Head
of

AM<I>in

Domitian

r., laui'.

33

Artemis Taurowearing modius, and holding long torch in r. and branch in 1. behind her, a shield.
polos standing
1.,
;

OAITUN

-9

AYTKAICAP AOMITIANOC
Similar.

AM<t>in

OAimN

Similar.

34

-75

inscr., partially off coin.

Trajan

AVTOKPA TWPTPAIANOC
Statue of Emperor, standing
1.,

AAA<l>mO

Al

(UN

Aitemis

his

r.

35
36

M M

hand raised;
-8

in his

1.,

aquila.

Tauropolos, holding with each hand one end of veil, seated on bull galloping r.

-8

KAICAP TPA lANOC

37

Emperor on horseback, with flying cloak, galloping r. over body of prostrate foe his r. hand raised in his 1,, a spear.
;
;

AAA<I)in

OAEI[T]WN

Artemis

Tauropolos, standing 1., wearing modius, and holding long torch in r. and branch
in
1.
:

behind her, a shield.

'9

280

STRYMONIAlSr

AND BOTTIABAN DISTRICTS

No.

AMPHIPOLIS- PHILTPPT
Metal
Size

2S1

No.

WKiniiT

Obvekse

B,KVERSE

TRAGILUS
Bronze
Circa 4riO_400
B.C.

Head

of

Hermes

teiied at

r., wearing petascs, back of head.

fas-

T
|

in the four quarters

of

the field

of the coin, the dividing lines

circle in

meeting in a small
-6

the centre.

Similar type.
1415-

T
I

in

the four quarters of the

field

no

circle in the centre.

-4

head

1.

Ciren

400350

r,.c.

Head

of

Hermes

r.,

wearing petasos.

PAIAI

Rose.

T
N
in field
r..

6652-

crescent.

JE -66

[B.M.a,
60-

p.

131 (11).]
in field
I

7E

-65

r.,

bunch

of grapes.

PHILIPPI
Circa

356340

B.C.

Baton vas captured the Athenians in 361 B.C. on the site^ of It retained Hj^ ngU of comacjejor a ,te,r by Philip, who renamed it. soon afterwards Macedonian Imgs. SuhseqnentJy it hecanie an important mmt of the years.

The setthment made hy

Bronze

Head
94-5 90-5

of

young Herakles

r.,

wearing

lion's

01 A

mH
1.,

Tripod-lebes, with three

M M

skin.
-7

l'^"'il^,

-6

type

1.

in

field

racing

lorch

last letter

of

inscr.. off coin.

282

STRYMONIAN AND BOTTIAEAN DISTRICTS

Metaij
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Bevbbse

Imperial Times
After the battle of 42 B.C., AnguMiis wade Pliilippi a colonia,' settling some of the Coiitjjare types of Nos. 3 and 4. veterans of the cohors pr/ietoria there.
^ ^ '

Augustus

VIC

AVG
slie

pedestal;

Statue of Victory 1., on holds wreath and palm.

CONOR PRAE
PHIL

Three

militarj

standards.

M ^

-7:1

Claudius

TICLAVDI[VSCA]ESAR AVG PM-TR PIMP Head of Claudius

bare.

COLAVG
of

IVL

PHILIP
A\/p
raises

Statues
1.

1.,

Augustus and Julius standing

on

cippus, inscribed

Augustus,

his r., and parazonium with 1.; behind, Julius, naked to waist, places a wreath on the head of Augustus on either side of the cippus, an altar.
cuirass,

wearing

grasps

JE

1-1

[Plate

xx.

4.J

PYDNA
Bronze
Circa

389379

B.C.

The following coins were issued during

the period when Pydna leas of the Chnlcidian League.

in the

hands

Head

of young Herakles skin border of dots.

;

r.,

wearing

lion's

Eagle,

serpent,

with closed wings, r., teai-iog which he holds in his claws.

4162-

M ^ 55
-6
I

fYAMAinU
[HYJANAinN
101 (1).]
\_B.M.C., p.

; ;

KINGS OV MACEDON
Mktal
Stze

2S::!

Nil.
I

Weight

Obvebse

ReVEKuSE

Kings of Macedon

ALEXANDER
498454
SiLTBIt
B.C.

I.

Phoenician Standard
Circa

480454

B.C.

B.C.),

The foUoiflnj coins are tiiihuajneiit to the conquest of the Bisultae (after 480 whose mine>< added greatlij to the wealth of Alexander, and wliofic money he henceforth imitated in standard <ind in type.

adrac

li

ms

Wai-rior,

wearing kausia and chlamys, holding two spears, walking r. on the farther side of a bridled horse r. border of dots.

AAE EA

NA PO

written round a

sliallow iuci-ise hquare, within wbicli a raised quadripartite linear square.

447-8

Ai

1-2:

[B.M.C., p. 166

(2).

Horseman bareheaded, wearing cblamys,

advancing r., carrying two spears in beneath horse, toad squatting r.
;

Similar.

border of dots.
408-

Jl

1-2

(A piece

of this coin has been out off.)

[Plate xx.

5.]

Octobol
Type similar
69-4
to No. 1.

Similar.

Al

-6

J and A/
157
(4).]

in inscr.

[B.M.G.,

p.

0.:

J J

284

KIKGS OF MACEDOJSf
Metal
Size

No.

Wkight

Obveksk

Kevebse

PERDICCAS
454

II.*

413

B.C.

Silver

Phoenician Standard

Tetra drachms
Horseman advancing ]., wearing kausia and clilamys, and carrying two spears
;

Incuse square containing goat's head beneath, traces of dotted line.

i*.

border of dots.
193-2

AX

l-l

Similar type

r.

beneath,

plain border.

196-3

.R

1-

Incuse square, witliin which, lineai' square containing forepart of goat r., kneeling on r. knee.
is

(No. 2

pierced.)
p.

[Cf.

B.M.C,

159

(2).J

Tetrobols
Sini.ilar

type

r.

border of dots.

Incuse square, within which, forepart of

lion
r.

37-4

55

Similar, but horse prancing.

Similar.

37 -.J

^11 '66

beneath, flower growing.

(No. 4
is

pierced.)

Free horse advancing

r.

beneath,

n-i

Incuse square, ^yithin which, linear square containing head, without neck, in crested helmet with cheek-pieces r.
xx.

yR

-r.

[Plate
Free horse prancmg
:

6.

n E PA[I] K

Jl -55
(No. 6
is

I ucuse square, within which, double linear square containing crested helmet with cheek-pieces r.

pierced.)

[Plate

xx.

7.

FKUDICCAS n.-AEROPU,S
Metal
Size
1

285

Ni>.

Weioht

286

KINGS OF MACBDOlsr
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

PAUSANIAS
390389
SiLVEE
B.C.

Persic

Standard

Stater
Young male head
border of dots.
157-4
r.,

bound with taenia

PAYS AMI

Incuse square, -within which, linear square containing horse walking- r., trailing rein on the ground.
8.]

^l

-85

[Plate

xx.

AMTNTAS
Fii-st
Ill
Itciijit.

III.
B.C.

389383

383

B.C.

Arijuios II. usurped the tliroue, lohich he held for two years.

SiLVEK

Persic
S
t

Standard
ater s

Head

of

bearded Herakles

r.,

wearing

AAAY

lion's skin.

Incuse square, within which, linear square containing free horse standing r.

NTA

139-6

A\

-85

132-5

IB.M.C,
-85

p.
I

171

(2).J

bordef of dots. (No

2 is pierced.)

Diobol Head
of

young Herakles

r.,

wearing

lion's

A AWN
closed

TA
wings,

skill.

Eagle standing 1., with all head turned back

;

17-6

within linear square.

-1

[BJI.iJ., p.

172 (6).]

Srrnnrl Eelrjn.

381369

B.C.
1

With

the types

compare

Pydka, ^os.

and

Bronze

Head

of
;

young Hei-akles
border of dots.

r.,

wearing- lion's

AMYNTA
174 (17).

Eagle

r.,

with

closed

skin
63-

wings, tearing serpent, which be holds in his claws.

6-

[B.M.C.,

p.

PAUSANIAS PHILIP
No.

II.

287

Wkight

Metal
SiZR

Obvebsk

Reverse

PERDICCAS
365359
Bronze

III.

B.C.

Head

of 3'oiiiig Herakles
;

r.,

wearing

lion's

Lion

r.,

skin
121-

holding in his jaws a broken

loorclev of dots.

javelin.

JE

-65

(border not visible.)

TEPAIK KA
[B.M.C., p. 175 (2).]
(No.
I is

restruck.)

^
M

-6

TEPAIK
[KA]
'

-6

TE

IK

KA

PHILIP
359336
On
7(/s

II.
B.C.

arqniaition of the gold minefi of Pangaenm (366 B.C.), riiilip rrnrgainy.ed the. ]\[acf.<Joiii((H currency. Hitherto a silrer standard had been prnrtiralli/ unioersid in Etirojieaii Greece, lohile I'ersian Darics cimdated freely ai the niiirlcl price of gold.

gold staters irere intended to svpernede these. Darics, and his nen- coinage was principle, the ratio of gold to silrer being Ji.red at 10:1.* Ids monetj u-as struck at various mints within the limits of his kingdom, and its popnlitrity outside of Many of the these is shown by the large nnmher of "barbarous imitations." coins bearing his types must hare been issued by his successors.
Pltiliji's

hiiiietaJlic in

Gold

Euboio

Attic Standard

Staters
Head
of Apollo
r.,

laur.,

with short hair;

<l>IAirrOYt
r.,

berries in wreath.

(in ex.) Galloping biga driven bj' charioteer wearing long cJiiton, holding goad in r., reins in L; beneath horses, symbol or monogram.

132-6
132-5

A^ -75 N'
-7

thunderbolt.

(no berries)

trident downwards.

[Plate
*

xx. 9.]

the Athenians struck gold (407 B.C.) they had made one gold stater (135 grains) = 24 This gives a ratio of 12 1. Philip's gold stater, on the other of 67 grains each. The fall the value of gold hand =24 Phoenician drachms, of 56 grains each, i.e. a ratio of 10: 1. See Th. Eeinaoh's articles in the was perhaps due to the opening up of the Thracian gold field ecque, esp. pp. 145 ff.). Vantiqnite (jrea lievue Numismatiqae, 1893 [L'ot et Vmyent dans On many specimens the O appears as t

When

Att!r

drachms

288

KINGS OV MACEDON

No.

Wrioht

Metat,
Size

Obverse

Reverse

132-4

M
AT A"

-To

trident
trident

r.

1321
132-7
i;;2-7

Ar -75
-7

r.,

and

club

r.

-7

/jj^
-7

and

star of eight rays.

i;';2-.j.

A'

kantharos.

132-7

X
A-

-8

Nike

flying

r.,

holding ends of untied

wreath
9

131-9
132-7 132-2
132-

-7

Nike as above, bat standing.

(no berries visible)

10
11

A-

-7

bee

r.

A" ?:>
A"
-7

snake

coiled,

with head erect

r.

and A"

12

female head facing, wearing stephane, ends of veil hanging down on either side and /^
;

13

132-1

.V

-7.".

Similar

no berries

visible.

Similar

but nothing beneath horses,

r.

14

131 -S

A^ -65

above goad, oil-beetle

Similar; berries in wreafli.

Similar no exergual line ; beneath horses, bee upwards beneath inscr., spear; ;

15

131-6

head
-7

r.

(No. 15

ig

pierced.)
x.\.

[Plate

10.]

Similar.

<l>IAinroY
usual
;

Similar type; ex. beneath horses, symbol.

line as

IG
17

73-G
71-4'

gilt -7

trident

].

/R gilt -76

serpent coiled, with head erect

r.

AY?
Barbarous imitation of above
18
128-9

and

type.-"

Barbarous imitation of above type.

A^

-7

* In the absence of any evidence as to vrovenance arranged after the particular piece which has served

tlipsp

"

hnvl-,!>v^i,

.. ;^;ti>^>tations" t

have u been

as a model

PHILIP

II.

289

No,

Weight

Metal
Size

Obvekse

Reverse

19

126-

20
21 22

120-3
32-s 31-9

X X X
^\"

7:^

-85
-5

-55

23
2-i

31-4
29-6 29-4 29-3 28-9
30-3

^r -55

-6

25
26
27

A^ -55

X
A^ A^

-65
-6

28

-5

type

1.

29 30
31

28-9
32-9

A"

-6

291

N X

-55
-65

head bearded.

Similar, head beardless.

Similar

type

1.

32

75-8

,-R

-75

beneath horses, trident 1. inscr. duced fairly well, but reversed.

;

repro-

(No. 32 was posaibly once

gilt.)

Similar.

Similar

type

r.

33

87-

M
.il

-85
-7

34

51-4

[Plate

xx.

11. J

Quarter Staters
Head
of
;

young Herakles
border of dots.

r.,

wearing

lion's

<|>IAirrOY

Club

1.,

and strung bow.

skin

35

33-

X
jV

-45

beneath

inscr., trident r.

[Plate
32-8
32-7
VOL.
I.

xx,

12.]

above bow, kantharos.

36 37
-4

i^ -45

p P

290

KINGS OF MACEDON
Metal
Size

X.).

Weight

Obverse

Eevebse

Silver

Phoenician Standard
Tetradrachms
Head
of

Zeus

r.,

laur.

berries in wreath.

Inscr.

of coin. Bearded horseadvancing 1., wearing kausia and chlamys, with r. hand raised plain

round top

man

bordei-.

38

222-9

/R

1-

MAIPPOY
bolt
;

beneath horse,

thunder-

in ex.,

AH
beneath horse, club
1.

39

220-9

M
M

-95

<|)|Air

TOY

[Plate

xx. 13.]

40

219-5

I-

border of dots.

<l>IAir

beneath horse, star of eight rays; in ex., spear-head 1.

;

POY
;

41 42

220-7 218-6

M
Ai

1-

<l>IAirPOY
(no berries visible).
<1>I

beneath horse,
;

^
/V\

1-

beneath horse, forepart of AlP Pegasosl.; between forelegs, strung bow.

PoY

43

223-1

1-

<t>IAIP

POY

between forelegs,

Similar type

no berries

border of dots.

Inscr.

round top of coin. Naked youth on horseback advancing r., bearing palm border of dots.
I

44

223-

yR

11

A P P OY; beneath horse A and racing

;

torch

bet-ween horse's forelegs,

]^

("Workmanship rude, but not barbarous.)

213-5

M M
1

1I

as preceding.
(Better work.)

46

210-J

1I

<I>IAI

PP

otherwise, as above.

(Workmanship rude.)
217-5

Ai

1i

<l>l

A PP OY
I

as

above,

but between

forelegs,

9-

4s

215-5

M M
^R

1-

<I>IAIP

as above, ; forelegs, kantharos.

PY
;

but between

49
:>()

210-4
2U;-S

I-

as preceding

but between

forelegs,

t<pl

-95

<t>IAIP PoY; but beneath horse, A and bucranium, with r. horn turned downwards between forelegs, H"
;

PHILIP

II..

291

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

51

213-7

M
-R

-95

as preceding
of

but position of the groups symbol and lettei'S reversed.

;

52

219-4

1-

MAirn^Y;
trident
r.
;

horseman

carries

-wand;
forelegs,

beneatli horse,

between

no

bordei-.

[Plate
214-5
.11
1-

xx.

14.
;

53

<l>IAir'P OY horseman carries palm, as usual beneath horse, no bordei'.

;
;

54

220-t)

M
jE

-95

<f>IAir

TOY;

beneath

horse,

bet-ween forelegs,

no border
horse,

^
P

visible.

56

:il5-b

1-

(berries in wreath.)

<l>IAir

roY

beneath
;

crescent
;

with horns
I

r.

between forelegs,

border of dots, as usual.

56
i I i

214-5

M
.H

-9

<t>IAir'

roY

beneath horse, aplustre

between
22U-95

forelegs,

57

as above.

("Workmanship rude,)

58

219-9

-9

(berries in \vreath,j

<l>IAir

beneath horse, curled between with head erect r. forelegs, Boeotian shield.
;

rY

snake,

59

210-5

M
^l

-85

<t>IAir'

roY beneath horse, wreath; between forelegs,

;

60

209-3

-95

(no border

-visible.)

OlAir*

POY; beneath horse, flat cap with ribands, horizontally placed; beforelegs,

tween
61

T
;

219-2

M
M

-95

(berries in -wreath.)

<l>IAir
legs,

roY;

perpendicularly placed

n
;

beneath horse, flat cap, between foreborder plain. beneath

foreleg-s,
liorse,

62

221-3

1-

(in front, graffito, 36.)

<|>IAin POY corn between

;

ear

of

boi-der of

dots, as usual.

63 64

213-6

223-4

M M M
JR

-95

as preceding.

(Workmanship rude.)
1(bei-i-ies

in wreath ; no border visible.)

[Pla'L'B

01 Air
r.
;

roY;

between forelegs, cicada

visible.

no border

XX.

15.]

<|)|Air
1-

roY

65

219-6

form head,
doubtful.

between forelegs, Jaiiiborder wearing modius

; ;

66

218-9

-9

border doubtful.

beneath Lors^, A/ roY <|>IAir Ijorder of between forelegs, ivy-leaf

; ; ;

dots, as usual.

67

217-6

<l>IAir

POY

beneath

horse,
;

head facing, wearing modius

doubtful.
p
1'

female border

29-2

KINGS OF MACEDON
Mbtal
Size

No.

Wkigut

Obvebse

Reverse

Barbarous imitation of above type.*

68 69
70

219-5
189-9

M
M
yR Al

Barbarous imitation of above type (or of Nos. 38 ff.) 1.

-95

^105
(base)

217-3

-95

(countermarked with head of young Herakles r., wearing lion's skin, all in
incuse circle.)

no trace

of palm-branch.

71

193-7 193-3

-9

72 73

-8

192-6 182-6
I

M
JR

-95
-8

74
75 76
77

170-6
l.-)2-7

Al
.-R

-95
1-

73-7

-85

Similar.

Similar

but type

r.

no palm-branch.

78 79

2311
218-5 211-2
207-8

M M
JR

1-

1-

(palm-branch

-visible.)

80
81 82

-95
-85

2U7-1
197-6

^ M
.R

-95
-95
1-

(palm-branch)

83 84
85

201-4 207-7

^ M
^
tR

beneath horse, rude branch.

-95

head of Herakles

? r.

[Plate

xx.

16.]
V r.

86 87
88

205-2
206-1

-95 -95 -95

beneath horse, head of Herakles

uncertain symbols.

202-9

beneath horse, rude thunderbolt around, imitations of letters and monograms.

;

89

209-9

90

199-4

^ M

-95

type

1.

(figure stands

on horse's back.)

-95

(type

1.)

See footnote ou

p.

288.

PHILIP IL

293

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obvebsk

Hevekse

91 92

li>2'l

.R

189'6

93

2o6-8
146-7
210'4.

94 95
96

166-2

97

208-2

98

194-7

99

167-4

100
101

39-6
34-6

102

40-1

103 104 106 106

107

37-8

36-9
37-0

38-6
38-6

108

38-2 34-6
33-

109
110 111

38-6

294

KINGS OF MACEDON
Metal
Weisht
Size

No.

Obveksb

Keveksk

Bronze

Head
96-5

of Apollo

r.,

wearing taenia,

<t> I

A r P OY
I

Naked horsemau pi'anciug r.

/B jE

-7

border of dots.
(type
1.)
;

beneath, thunderbolt horizontally placed,

visible,

113

87-5
103-

-7

no border
visible
;

thunderbolt, placed at an angle,

trident
trident
r.

114
115

2E jE ^E

-7

no border

behiud,

97-5

,,

no

letter.

1.

(type

1.).

116

98-

-7

border of dots.

N, and ornamental
[Plate
xx.

trident

r.

20.]

117
118 119

92'6

.E

-7

no border

visible,

and plain trident

r.

98-

^
JE

-7

border of dots.

/^ and trident
club
r.

r.

88-5 105'J4-

-7

120
121 122

78-5
94-

M M M
JE

-7

no border

visible,

kantharos.

-75
-7

border of dots.

Al
hP
similar ?

128

.E -65
-5

124
125 126 127
128 129

24-5
88-

81-

87-5
94-

M M M
2E

-7

(type

1.)

no border

visible,

bunch of grapes,
spear-head
spear- head
r.

-7

no border.
))

-65
-7

1.

(type

1.).

border of dots.
(type
1.)

bee

r.

97-

-65
-65

border of dots.

dolphin

r.,

down-wards.
r.,

130
131

93-5
U3-

^ M
.*;

border of dots,

and small dolphin

downwai-ds.
1.,

-65
-7

no border

visible,

beneath, strung beneath,

bow

infield

A/

132

88-

border of dots,
border of dots

A/

133

117-5
103-5

JB
yE

-7

behind head,

A
P

134
135 136 137

-7

103-6
10093-

^ M
Ji

-7

no border

visible

no

letter.

P
E

(typel.).

-7

-66

border of dots.

(plain border).

PHILIP II. ALEXANDER THE GREAT

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obveese

Rkvebse

138 139

108-5
86-

JE -66

type

1.)

no border

visible.

-75 -75
-7

border of dots.

H"

140
141

10687-

M M
.E

OP
A
Nl
,,

142
143

102-5
109-

-7

144

101-

M M

-7

behind,

A
uncertain symbol; (type
1.).

-7

(type

1.)

border of dots.

Similar type

border of dots.

Inscr.

145

169-

M
!

apparently type; in field r.,

'21.]

barbarous

.similar

-9

[Plate 146
109-

xx.

-8

Head

of

young Herakles

r.,

wearing

lion's

<t>iAir

Club.

skin.

TOY
type
r.
;

147
148

16-5
23-

M M M M

-45

plain border,

beneath, star.
beneath,

-45

border of dots.

type

1.

[Plate
149
13-5
20-4

xx. 22.]
!

border doubtful.

typel.

M
;

150

-4

type

1.

symbol or monogr., almost

off

coin.

ALEXANDER THE GREAT

(336323
Olrca
B.C.)

336334

B.C.,

or later.

Us earliest money. Alexaiuler Introduced the type of the eagle on Pltocuic'ian standard, drachms, silrer itetrndrurhms on the Attic standard) and bronze.
Bronze

At
etc.,

first he

struck

ou the

Head

of
;

young Herakles
border of dots.

r.,

wearing

lion's

AAEZA NAPoY
bolt
;

skin

with Eagle r head turned back, standing on thunderplain border.

44-5

-65

296

KINGS OF MACEDON

No.

WEieHT

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

54-5
65-

M M

-65
-6

265-3

ALEXANDER THE GREAT

Metal
Size

297

No.

'

Weigiht

Obverse

Reverse

Staters
Head
of Pallas r., wearing necklace and crested Corinthian helmet, adorned with

AAEZANAPY

(in field

r.)

Nike

serpent hair concealing ear.

;

falls

in

formal

curls,

standing with open wings, threequarter face towards 1., holding wreath and trophy- stand, as in preceding.
in field
1.,

8 9

132-8 132-8
132-

N
A^

-7

thunderbolt upright.

-7

(no necklace.)
(hair in

I
curls.)

and thunderbolt horizontally placed.

1.
;

10
11 12

A^ -75

wavy

trident

and O in
;

inscr.).

13M
131-7

AT

-7

trident

downwards

(Z
and

in inscr.).

N
A^

-7

(No. 12
is

pierced.)

13

127-9

-7

(no necklace.)

trident

downwards, and

Similar type
1-1

but ear and earring

visible.

Similar.
in field
1.,

131-6
132-7

^
AT

-7

eagle

r.

15

-7

(no necklace.)

Corinthian helmet without crest.

Similar type, with earring

16
17

but hair loose.

Similar. in field

131-9
129-

AT

-7

1.,

head and neck of

1.);

griffin

1.

AT

-7

(Nike holds palm in

(No. 17
is

in field

1.,

lion's

head facing; (O in
pierced.)
xxi.

inscr.).

[Plate
18
130-4

3.]
1.,

A"

-7

in field

A^

pentagram, and traces of

second symbol.
foi-eparts of

two

horses, back to back,

and

19

132-4

A^

^; ( and O

in inscr.).

Similar

but hair in formal

curls.

AAEEA NA[PoY]
Similar type.
in field
r.,

(in

field

1.)

ear of corn.

20

131-9

A-

-7

Similar type

but hair

loose.

AAEZANAPY
type.

(in field

r.)

Similar

in field

1.,

snake coiled, with head erect

1.

21

131VOL.
I.

A^ -75

298

KINGS OF MACEDON
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Similar type

ear concealed.

AAEEANAP'Y
type.

(in field r.)

Similar

22

132-

-7

in field

1.,

and snake

erect, vpith tail

1.

curled and head bent

down towards

Similar
visible.

type;

liair in

but on formal curls

helmet, griffin; ear and earring

A[AEE]ANAPOY BASIAEHS
in field
1.,

Similar type.

23

131-2

A^

-i:

ff within wreath.

(No. 23

is

pierced.)

Similar type
hair loose.

but on helmet,

serpent

AAEIANAPOY
[B]A ZIAEXIZ
in field
r.,

Similar type.

24

132'2

N M
N

-71

fYf within wreath; in

field

I.,

OE
25
132'
-7

in field

r.,

|-P;

in field

1.,

(YP within

wreath.

(BAZ lAEflZ)
in field
1.,

26

132-3

--7

(hair in long curls.)

(AAEIANAPO[YJ
BAZIAE[X1Z])

Ml,

and,

lower down, within wreath.

;

f^
1.,

27

131-7

A^ -75

in field

r.,

IP within wreath

in field

Ml

Similar type.

A A Ei A N A PO Y
type.
in field in field
1.,

(in field r.)

Similar

28
29

132-3
128-8 129-9

AT

-75

ear concealed.

~R

30
31

M N
A^

-75
-8

r.,

in field

1.,

f<$

(J in

inscr.)

ear visible.

in field

1.,

and

|2^

130-8

-7

pomegranate? and
[Plate xxi.
4.]

in insor.)

Similar type, with earring

curls.

hair in formal

Similar,
in field
r.,

32

131 -r>

A^

-7

bunch

of grapes

in field

1.,

1^

Similar type

hair loose.

AAEIANAPY
BA SIAEnS
in field
r.,

Similar type.

33

128-4

A^ -75

P"

in field

1.,

ff]

299

ALEXANDER THE GREAT

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Hevebsb

Siruilar.

AAEZANAPOY
in field
1.,

Similar.

34

131-4

^
Rtirbarous imitation of above type.

traces of uncertain symbol.

Barbarous imitation of above type and

iuscr.

36

lou-

AT

-7

Quarter Staters
Head
of

Pallas,
;

and necklace

as above, with earring hair in formal curls.

AAEEANAPY
above, stand.
in field
I.,

holding

Nike standing, as wreath and trophy-

se

A^ -45

head and neck

of griffin

1.

[Plate

xxi.

5.]

Similar type.

AAEZAN
APY

Strung bow and club

plain border.

r.

37

A^

-4

above, traces of star.

Silver

Tetr a drachms*
Head
of
:

young Herakles
border of dots.

r.

wearing

lion's

AAEEANAPY
A
dots.

Zeus Aetophoros

L,

skin

seated on throne without back, feet resting on footstool (Type lY.) ; in front, and racing torch border of
;

38

i63-3

vR 11
* See note on
classes,

beneath

seat,
.

(no footstool).

(Muller, No. 33 [Amphipolis]

p. 296.

Muller

which he distinguishes by Type I. Thick fabric, severe

pp. 5 ff.) has divided the tetradraohms into seven the type of the Rev. as follows
(op.
cit.,
:

style,

Zeus seated in

stiff

attitude,

Ms

right leg visible in

front of Ms left. Type II. Similar, but of nobler style and more careful workmanship. Type III. Similar, but work freer and finer.

Fabric less lumpy ; style fine ; work usually (but not always) careful. The right leg of Zeus is drawn hach behind the left. Type V. Similar. Fabric flatter and ^Jam more spread; style free, but usually superficial.

Type IV.

Type VI. Thin outspread Type VII. Thin outspread

fabric.
fabric.

Work usually careless, but not rude Work rude and often barbarous.

or barbarous.

The issue of these tetradrachms, as well as of the other coins of Alexander, continued for many years after his death, the original coins being imitated by various cities and princes, especially in The attribution and classification of the numerous series Asia, as late as the second century B.C. are still far from being finally settled. Miiller proceeded on the assumption that the symbols On the later specimens (Classes in the field were the mint-marks of the issuing towns. v. VII.) they undoubtedly are so, but it is probable that on the earlier ones (Classes I. IV.) they are frequently the badge of the prince or the magistrate responsible for the coinage. A See also the general scheme of geojjrapliical distribution will be found in Hist. Num., p. 200. important article by Dr. Imhoof-Blumer in Namismatische Zeitschrift, vol. xxvii. (1895), on Die Miinzstdtte Bahylon xur Zeit der Makedonischen Satrapen, etc.

Q Q 2

300

KINGS OF MACEDON
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

39

263-6

M
M

1-05

(MuUer, No. 34 [Amphipolis].)

40

263-3

11
(Miiller,

H"
No. 36 [Amphipolis].)

41

262-5

JR 1-05
(Miiller,

(no footstool).

No. 38 [AmpMpolis].)

42

263-7

M
M
yR

1-05
(Miiller,

A
No. 43 [Amphipolis].)

43

264-1

1
(Miiller,

No. 53 [Amphipolis].)

44

264-3

1-

n
[Plate
xxi. 6.]
I

45

264-5

M 1-05
(Miiller,

beneatli seat, kantharos O in inscr.).

(no footstool;

No. 60 [Amphipolis].)
star of eight rays.

46

265-3

1(Miiller,

No. 62 [Amphipolis].)
star of eight rays,

47

262-3

M
M

105
(Miiller,
1

and

No. 68 [Amphipolis].

pierced coin.)
r.

48

264-7

1-05
I

dolphin
(Miiller,

No. 73 [Amphipolis].)

49

264-1

1-1
(Miiller,

forepart of Pegasos
No. 74 [Amphipolis].)

1.

(O in

inscr.).

Similar.

AAEEANAP-Y
I.)
;

seated on throne without back

Zeus Aetophoros 1., (Type

border of dots.

50

264-1

Ai 11
(Miiller,

in front, bucranium. No. 97 [Amphipolis].

pierced coin.)

Similar type.

AAEHANAPOY
seated

IV.)

throne with border of dots.

on

Zeus Aetophoros 1., back (Type

61

259-4

11
(Miiller,

in front, club

downwards.

No. 135 [Heraclea Sintica].)

ALEXANDER THE UHEAT

Metal
Size

301

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Similar type

bonlei' of dots.

AAEZANAPOY
without back.
in
I

Similar; but throne

258 -li

M
.R

1-

front,
seat,
|CJ

star
;

of

tvi^elve

rays

beneath

footstool.

(Cf. MiiUer, No. 163 [Acroathon].)

63

25S-:.

1-

in front, star of seven rays,

footstool visible.
(Miiller,

and

[>]

no

No.

164.

[Acroathon].)

Similar type.

BASIAEflS

Zeus Aetophoros L, seated on throne with back, his feet resting on a footstool (Type 111.) plain border.
;

AAEZANAPOY

51

263-5

1-05

in

front, wreath-bearing Nike flying r., caduceus upright, and S beneath seat.
;

(C. MiiUer, No. 203 [Therma].)

Similar type

border of dots.

AAEHANAPY
seated
;

in

front,

Zeus Aetophoros 1., caduceus upright

border of dots.

56

260-:

M
JR

1-05

Type

1.

throne without back.

.

(MiiUer, No. 207 [Pelagonia]

56

262-6

1-

Type IV.; throne with back

footstool.

Similar.

AAEZANAP-Y BASIAEIIS
in ex.)
;

(title

Zeus Aetophoros seated 1. on throne with back, his feet resting on a border of dots. footstool (Type 111.)
seat,

57

261-7

11
(Miiller,

beneath

No. 216 [Dium].)

Similar type.

AAEZANAPOY
;

Zeus on thi-one without in front, Macedonian back (Type I.) border of dots. lielmet with plumes
Aetoplioros seated
1.
;

BASI AEIIS

68

262-4

1-

(MiiUer, No. 224 [Uncertain of Macedonia].)

302

KINGS OF MACEDON

No.

ALEXANDER THE GREAT

No.

308

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Sirailav type.

BAZIAEHZ
A A EZ A M PY

Zeus Aetophoros seated 1. on throne with back (Type VI.) beneath

;

seat,

67

199-8

LRi.I.II,-,

in ex.,

KO - -

(Barbarous imitation of

Miiller,

No. 410 [Odessus].

pierced coin.)

Similar

tjTpe.

AAEZANAPOY
68

B AZ

A EflZ

Zeus Aetophoros seated 1. on throne without back (Type VII.)

in front,

OE

A\ 1-25
Miiller,

beneath

seat,

(d|

No. 419 [Odessus].)

Similar.

Similar

but in front, crested helmet

seat,

r.

69

2-10-1

1-4
(Cf. Miiller, No.

beneath

p
hPA;
in

440 [Mesembria].)

251'4

.R 1-25
(Miiller,

(throne with back); beneath seat, front, beside helmet, fl PO

No. 461 [Mesembria].)

71

254-3

M
M

1-2:
(Miiller,

(throne with back)

No. 464 [Mesembria].)

|-PA, and

AA

254-1

1-2

hP, and
(Cf. Miiller, No. 465

AA

[Mesembria].)

73

250-3

.R 1-25
(Miiller,

Q3

and

AA

No. 466 [Mesembria].)

244-8

M
M
M

1-2
(Miiller,

[^, and

AA

No. 467 [Mesembria].)

f),

75

254-6

1-3
j

and

MA

(Miiller,

No. 481 [Mesembria].)

76

256-2

13

BY, and HP
(Muller, No. 485 [Mesembria].)

77

220-1

JR 1-25

no helmet

in front,

^?;

in ex.,

A El MEZA (no
;

beneath seat,
ex. line).

(Cf. Muller, No. 488 [Mesembria].)

Similar type.

/\/\
1.

EHA N APY Zeus Aetophoros seated

on throne without back (Type IV.).

78

262-5

yR

1-1
(Miiller,

in front,

A
bee.

and

bee.

No. 509 [Melitaea].)

I

79

263-4

1-15

and

304

KINGS OF MAOEDOlSr
Metal
Size

No.

Weisht

Obverse

Eeveese

Similar type

border of dots.

AAEZANAPOY BAZIAEHZ
in ex.)

(title

Similar type

but throne has

back

border of dots.
;

80

255-8

1-1
(Miiller,

in front, mirror

beneath

seat,

PY

No. 538 [Trioca]).

Similar.

AAEZANAPY
seated
I. )
;

1.

Zeus Aetophoros on throne without back (Type

seat,

beneath

border of dots.
(border

81

252'8

M
Al

1-

in front, dolphin

r.,

downwards

not visible).
(Miiller,

No. 542 [Uncertain of N. Greece].

pierced coin.)

82

262-2

-95
(Miiller,

in front, wreath. No. 549 [Uncertain of N. Greece].)

Similar.

AAEIANAPoY BASIAEHS
in ex.).
;

(title

Zeus Aetophoros seated 1. on throne with back (Type III.) border

of dots.

83

'264-

116
(Miiller,

in front, wreath

beneath seat,

No. 550 [Uncertain of N. Greece].)

Similar type.

AAEZANAP-Y
seated
I.)
;

1.

Zeus Aetophoros on throne without back (Type

border of dots.

84

257-1

1-

in front, flat

cap perpendicularly placed beneath seat,

(Miiller,

No. 558 [Uncertain of N. Greece].)

Similar type

border of dots.

AAEZANAPOY BASIAEnS
Similar
;

beneath

seat,

85

265-3

M M

1(Miiller,

in front, branch. No. 560 [Uncertain of N. Greece].) in front, ear of corn

(Miiller,
;

86

264-2

1-

in inscr.

No. 570 [Uncertain of N. Greece].)

Similar.

AAESANAPOY
seated
1.

Zeus Aetophoros on throne without back (Type

254-6

IV.)
1-1
(Miiller, No.

in front,

amphora border
;

of dots

594 [Uncertain J of N.! Greece].)

ALEXANDER THE GREAT

305

No.

306

KINGS OP
Metal
Size

M AGED ON
Eetbbse

NO;

Weight

Obverse

99

263-7

M
A\

1-05

100

205-1

1-

101

1-05

ALEXANDER THE GREAT

Metal
Size

au7

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Similar type.

AAEEANAPOY
.seated
1.

Zeus Aetophoros on tlu'onewitli back (Type V.) in front, naked figure standing 1. with hands raised above head grasping fillet which falls behind back beneath Zeus's
;

108

26G-3

r.

hand, dove flying

1.

beneath seat,

1-15

[Plate

xxi.

10.]

Similar type

border of dots.

AAEEANAPOY

Zeus

Aetophoros
;

seated 1. on throne with back, his feet in resting on a footstool (Type IV.)
front, figure standing

wearing long robe which is gathered up behind with beneath seat, 1. hand, r. being extended
1.,
;

NO
109
261-9

105
(Miiller,

No. 875 [Sicyon].)

Similar.

AAEZANAPY BAZIAEHZ
in ex.)

(title
1.

Zeus Aetophoros seated

;

on

throne with back, his feet resting on a on back of throne, footstool (Type V.) two winged figures of Nike border of
;

dots.

110

2.57 -6

Al 11
(Miiller,

in front, cornucopiae

beneath

seat,

NO

No. 877 [Sicyon].)

ex., oif coin.

111

256-6

1-05

Similar.

y^/\^/\|S|APOY
seated
1.

Zeus Aetophoros on throne with back (Type IV.); on back of throne, two figures of Nike beneath in front, Pallas Promachos 1.
; ;

seat,

EY

112

261-2

1-1
(Miiller,

No. 878 [Sioyon].)

Similar.

AAEZANAPOY
seated
seat,
1.

Zeus Aetophoros on throne with back (Type V.)

1.,

in front, dolphin

downwards

beneath

NO;

border of dots.

113

262-6

Al

1-1

[Plate

xxi.

11.

Similar.

AAEZANAPOY
and

Zeus

Aetophoros

seatTdl. on throne with back (Type V.); in front, fXl crescent with horns 1.,

beneath

seat,

114

263-2

Al

1-2
(Miiller,

No. 920

Sigeum].)

R E

308

KINGS OF MACEDOisr
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Similar type.

AAEHANAPY

Zeus

Aetophoros

seated 1. on throne with back (Type VI.) in front, griffin seated 1. on base.

115

262-6

.1^

1-2
(Cf. MiiUer, Nu. 928 [Assus].)

Similar

AAEZANAPOY
seated
1.

Zeus Aetophoros on throne with back (Type VI.); in front, oinochoii, over which is bent a vine-branch with leaves and two clusters
of
i

116

253-8

1-36
(Miiller,

beside symbol,
No. 956 [Temnos].)

PJ

117

2-12-6

/R 14

beside symbol,
(MiiUer, No. 959 [Temnos].)

l^

118

263-4
I

1-36
I

beside symbol,
(Miiller,

/^

^
beneath
seat,

No. 961 [Temnos].) beside

119

249-7

JR. 1*6

symbol,

TEI

EXENI KOZ

TAZ
(MiiUer, No. 966 [Temnos].)

120

24a-4

1-4

as preceding^

: '

but

EXEINI

KOZ

Similar.

[AA]EZANAPOY

Zeus

Aetophoros

seated 1. on throne without back (Type VI. or VII.?); in front, lyre and

121

26U-1

.H

1-35
(Cf. MiiUer, Nu. 974 [Mytileue].)

Similar type

border of dots.

AAEZANAPOY
seated
1.

Zeus Aetophoros on throne with back (Type VI.); in front, female head, turreted, 1., and

122

Al

1-4
(Cf. Miiller,

No. 993 [Smyrna].

pierced coin.)

[Plate

xxi.

12.]

Similar.

AAEiANAPOY
front,

Similar

type;

in

123

202 -4

.R 1-4

ML

and

griffin seated r.

with

1.

fore-paw raised.

(Cf. MiiUer, No. 1006 [Teos].)

ALEXANDER THE GREAT

Metal
Size

309

No.

Weight

Obverse

Revb;bse

Similar.
12-t

AAEEANAPOY
front,

Similar
1.,

type;

in

2601

A\

1-2:
(Mtiller,

"EA'

ti'ident

and TTPI

No. 1031 [Priene].)

xxi.
l.'i.J

[Plate

Similar.

AAEZANAPY
and

(sic)
1.

front, lion standing

Similar type; in with star above,

behind, ]|

and

|\/E

border

of dots.

125

255-5

.R

1-2
(Miiller,

No. 1047 [Miletus].

pierced coin.)

Similar.

AAEEANAROY
front,
f*l
;

Zeus

Aetophoros

seated 1. on throne with back, his feet resting on a footstool (Type VI.?); in

border of dots.

126

204-0
I

.11

1-15
(Miiller,

No. 1055 [Miletus].)

Similar.

AAEEANAROY
seated
1.

Zeus Aetophoros on throne with back (Type

VI.).
in front, club
1

127

259-0

jR

1-2

downwards

beneath

seat,

APr

(Cf. Miiller, No. 1062 [Heraolea].)

Similar.

Similar; in ex., maeander pattern.

128

265-9

1-1
(Miiller,

in front,

f^
;

and horse prancing

r.

No. 1070 [Magnesia].)

(footstool)
;

129

263-5

130

262-4

M M

in front,

1-15

1-15

in front, pSfc

and

hiE

Similai

AAEEANAPOY

Zeus

Aetophoros
;

seated 1. on throne with back, his feet in resting on a footstool (Type VI.) front, PO, and amphora lying on its side surmounted by sphinx seated I.

with

r.

fore- paw raised.

131

253-

1-4

beneath,

ANTI<I>I1N

no

ex. line.

(Miiller, No. 1116 [Chios].)

; ;

310

KINGS OF MACEDON
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Similar.

Similar

but throne
;

-vvitliout

back, and no

footstool

and in

inscr.

132

258-3

1-2

in ex.,

KPATHN

(MuUer, No. 1119 [Chios].)

Similar.

Similar
in ex.,

but vntbout

133

2613

^l

1-3

MENEKPATHZ

[Plate

xxi.

14.

Siniila

AAEHANAPOY
front, bipennis
;

Zeus Aetophoros
;

seated 1. on throne vrith back, his feet resting on a footstool (Tjpe V.) in

134

263-8

border of dots.

1-1
(Miiller,

No. 1128 [Caria].)

Similar type.
i j

AAEHANAPOY
seated
1.

VI.)

Zeus Aetophoros on throne -with back (Type in front, Pegasos prancing 1.

135 136

253-7

252-4

M 1-35 M 1-15
Similar type
;

beneath

seat,

A
A
;

(MiiUer, No. 1144 [Alabanda].)

beneath

seat,

beneath Pegasos,

border of dots.

AAESANAPOY
seated
1.

Zeus Aetophoros on throne without back (Type

;

V. or VI. ?) beneath seat,

in

front,

tripod - lebes

137

247-2

Jl

1-1
(Cf. Miiller,

No. 1151 [Onidus].)

138

248-

.11

1-1

countei-mark, anchor vyithin oblong incuse (H in inscr.).

Similar.

AAEZANAPoy
seated
1.

on throne
;

-with

Zeus Aetophoros back (Type

VI.); in front, rose border of dots.

beueathi seat,

PO

139

265-9

M M

1-3
j

above symbol,
(Miiller,

AINHTHP
(footstool).

No. 1160 [Rhodes].

pierced coin.)

140

254-

1-15

AIO<|>ANHZ
(Miiller,

No. 1161 [Rhodes].)

ALEXANDER THE GREAT

Weight

311

No.

Metal
Size

Obverse

REVEaaE

Similar type.

AAEZANAPOY
throne without back.
in
front,

Similar type

but

141

:259-S

M M M

1-2

E and
.

<t>

beneath

seat,

(H
(Miiller,

in inscr.).

No. 1183 [Philomelmm]

in front,
<j)

U-2 143

'

255-1
251I

1-25
1-3

and

(countermark,
incuse.)

anchor

within

oblong

and

<|)

(Cf. Miiller,

No. 1184 [Philomelium].)

144 145

257-6
j

256-5

M M M

1-3

IE and
I

<|>

1-25
(Miiller,

and

<t>

No. 1187 [Philomelium].)

<|

146

241-9

1-25
(Miiller,

and

KE

No. 1193 [Philomelium].)

Similar,

Similar.
in front,
I

147

260-1

M M
M

1-25

(border of dots.)

AZ

and

(Miiller, No. 1202 [Aspendus].)

148

241-6

1-25

AZ
(A broken

and IB

coin.)

149

258-

1-3
(Miiller,

AZ

and 11

(H

in inscr.)

No. 1209 [Aspendus].)

150

263-6

1-25
(Miiller,

AZ

and

lO

No. 1210 [Aspendus].)

Similar

Similar, with in front,

in inscr.

151

260-7

.R 1-05
(Miiller,

I
in inscr.)

No. 1226 [SiUyum].)

KB
152
246-4

(Z

JR

1-2
(Miiller,

No. 1238 [Sillyum].)

153

264-

KT (Z
1-25
(Miiller,

in inscr.)

No. 1239 [Sillyum].)

154

257-8

KA
1-25
(Miiller, No. 1240 [Sillyum].)

3ii;

KINGS OF MACEDON
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

155

259-1

1-25
(Miiller,

KE
No. 1241 [Sillyum].)

156

251-3

1-1

border of dots.
(Miiller,

AB
No. 1246 [Sillyum].)

Similar type

border of dots.

AAEIANAPOY BAZIAEnS
in ex.)
;

(title

Zeus Aetophoros seated 1. on throne with back, his feet resting on a footstool (Type IV.) in front, /V\
;

157

265-3

beneath
1-1
(Miiller,

seat,

AY

border of dots.

No. 1272 [Lycia].)

Similar.

AAEIANAP'Y

Zeus Aetophoros
;

seated 1. on throne without back, his feet resting on a footstool (Type II.) border of dots.

158

261-9

1-1
(Miiller,

in front, plough

beneath

seat,

No. 1284

[Cilicia].)

Similar.

AAEHANAPOY
in front, strung bow.
(Miiller,

Similar.

L59

264-7

1-05

No. 1287 [Cilicia].)

Similar type.

AAEiANAPoY BAZIAEIIZ
beneath) Similar type border of dots.
;

(title
"j<
;

in front,

160

264-7

1-

no
(Miiller,

ex. line.

No. 1294 [Cilicia].)

Similar type

border of dots.

AAEZANAPO[Y]
(title

161

263-3

m ex.)

BAZIAEflZ
;

Similar

1-05
(Muller, No. 1294 [Cilicia].)

but Type IV.

Similar

[A]AE1ANAP0Y
(J<|
;

Zeus

Aetophoros
;

seated 1. on thi-one without back, his feet resting on a footstool (Type II.) in front,

162

263-2

beneath seat, /f^

border of dots.

1-

(Cf. Muller,

No. 1316 [Mallus].)

ALEXAN1)I<]R

THE GREAT

.n:i

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obvekse

Revkkse

Similar.

AAEIANAPOY BASIAEHS
ill

(title

Zeus Aetophoros seated 1. on in lii'ont, tlii-one with back (Type IV.) beneath seat, P border of dots.
ex.)
; ; ;

163

258-

.R

!:>

(Miiller,

No. 1326 [Soli],)

Similar.

AAEIANAPOY
border of dots.

Zeus Aetophoros
;

seated 1. on throne without back, his feet resting on footstool (Type II.)

164

'261'.)

.R

1-

in front, scorpion
(Miiller,

beneath

seat,

/V^

No. 1337 [Commagene].)

Similar.

Similar

but no footstool.

165

2G2-8

.R

-9^

in front, forepaz-t of

ram

r.

beneath

seat,

AA
(Miiller,

No. 1338 [Damascus].)

Simila,r type.

AAEEANAPOY BASIAEHS
in ex.)
;

(title

Zeus Aetophoros seated 1. on throne with back (Type HI.) in front,

;

caduceus upright
plain border.

beneath seat,

/^

166

264-6
I

.R 1-06
(Miiller,

No. 1370 [Aradus].)

xxi. 15.]

[Plate

Similar type

border of dots.

AAEEANAPOY
in front,

Zeus Aetophoros
;

seated 1. on throne without back, his feet resting on footstool (Type IV.)

border of dots.

167

.R 1-06
(Miiller,

No. 1375 [Aradus].)

Similar.

/\/\EiAN
;

....
Z

Zeus Aetophoros
;

seated 1. on throne without back (Type beneath seat, in front, palm-tree V.) in ex.,

168

2-l',-7

.R

1-1
(Of. Miiller,

No. 1388 [Aradus]. )r

Similar.

AAEHANAPO[Y]
seated
II.)
;

Zeus Aetophoms on throne without back (Type border of dots. in front, yo

1.
;

169

259-6

1-

(Miiller,

NiK 1427 [Ace].

pierced coin.)
S g

311,

KINGS OP MACEDON

No.

ALEXANDER THE GREAT

Metal
Size'

3] 5

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Slrailar.

AAEIANAPOY BASIAEflS
in
ex, J

(title
1.

Zens Aetdpliorns seated

;

on

throne -with back, resting his feet on a in front, anchor footstool (Tj'pe IV.)

and
dots.

rtS)

beneath seat,

border of

.R

1-or.
(Miiller,

No.

150-1 [Seleucid].)

Similar.

AAEZANAP O Y
seated
1.

V.)

in

Zeus Aetophoros on throne without back (Type front, bunch of grapes.

;

IT'.i

263-2

.R 11
(Miiller,

in front,

"^

beneath

seat,

No. 152) [Uncertain].)

180
181

263:1 261-9

1-2

in front,

^
tr

no

ex. line.

.R 1-05
(Miiller,

No.
152-i

[Uncertain].)

Similar.

Similar

but throne has back.

182
18;;

261-

.R

1-1

in front,

X
;

263-7

.R 11

in front, 3<I

beneath

seat,

Similar.

AAEEANAPOY
in front,

Zeus Aetophoros
;

seated 1. on throne without back, his feet resting on a footstool (Tj-pe V.)

N<

184

2(;n-,

.R

1-2
(Miiller,

border of dots.
No. 1567 [Uncertain].)

beneath
185 267-3

seat,

JR 1-15
(Miiller,

no border, and no

ex.

line;

in inscr.

No. 1509 [Uncertain].)

l.J

[Plate xxii.

Similar.

AAEZANAP
front,

[Y]

Zeus Aetophoros
) ;

seated 1. on throne with back, his feet in resting on a footstool (Type IV.

EY

border of dots.

LSC

260-4

A\ 1-5

(Cf. Miiller, No, 1575 [Uncertain].)

S S

316

KINGS OP MACEDON

No.

Wrigitt

Metal
Size

Obversr

Reveese

Similar type.

AAEZANAPOY
BASIAEnS

Zeus
seated
;

1.

Aetophoros ou throne

without back (Type V.)

in front,

^Ul

187

254-5

11
(Miiller,

No.

Ifi63

[Uncertain].)

Similar type

border of dots.

A A EZA N A POY
;

Zeus Aetophoros
back (Type

188

258-6

seated 1. on thi-one with VI.) in front,

1-25
(Of. Miiller, No. 1664 [Uncertain].)

Similar type.

AAEIANAPOY
seated
11.)
;

letter

Zeus Aetophoros on throne without back (Type in front, uncertain symbol (or V) beneath seat, j^ border of
1.
; ;

189

265-3

dots.
1-

[Plate

xxii.

2.

Similar.

AAEEANAPY

Zeus Aetophoros
;

seated 1. on throne with back, his feet resting on a footstool (Type III.) in front, trident upwards.

190

24:,:,

Ai

1-1

Similar type

border of dots.

[A]AEZANAP*Y

Zeus Aetophoros
;

seated 1. on throne without back (Type IV.); beneath seat, poppy- head ? border of dots.

191

261-

/R

1-

[Plate

xxii. 3.]

Similar type.

AAEEANAPY
seated
1.

Zeus Aetophoros on throne without back (Type

;

IV.)

in front, wreath

192

2CA-7

star of eight rays

1-

beneath border of dots.

;

seat,

[Plate

xxii.

4.]

Similar.

AAEZAMAPOY
seated
feet
1.

Zeus Aetophoros on throne without back, his resting on a footstool (Type IV. ?)
;
;

in front, )>|i^
19:3

border of dots.

260-

,11

1-15

[Plate

xxii.

6.j

ALEXANDER THE GREAT

Metal
Size

317

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Similar type

lionler of dots.

AAEZANAPOY
f<iotstool
;

thi-oiie lias

dolpliin

1.

no back in front, downwards beneath seat,

;

Similar type;
;

/^
194
247-7

'?

in ex., star of eight rays

border

of dots. 1-1 (No, 194

is

base

pierced.)

Similai' type.

AAEZANAPOY
border of dots.

Zeus Aetophoros
;

seated 1. on throne without back, his feet resting on a footstool (Type V.)

195

2:.sv)

.R 11

in front, head

and neck

of griffin

r.,

and

Al
[Plate
xxii. 6.]

Similar.

Similar

without footstool, or border.

<p
;

196

2601

1-1

in front,

beneath

seat,

ff|

Similar.
1!7

Similar

with

footstool,

260-

.R 115

in front, *PJc^

Similar.

[A]AEIANA[POY]

Zeus Aetophoros

seated 1. on throne with back, his feet resting on a footstool (Type V.).

198

265-4

.R 1-15

in front, 4*

^^^ uncertain symbol.

Similar type

border of dots.

AAEZANAPOY
in front, Vl. border of dots.
;

Similar;
f<h
;

but Type
seat, |<
;

beneath

199

259-5

M
M

115

Similar.

AAEZANAPOY
throne has no back
;

Similar type; but

in front,

gC

200

260-5

1-2

Similar.

AAESANAPOY
;

but Similar type throne has back in front, sphinx seated 1., with r. forepaw raised.
;

201

261-4

/R

1-2

above sphinx, 7^

beneath

seat,

^
A Z
;

[Plate

xxii.

7.]

202

253-3

1-2

above sphinx,
inscr.

beneath

seat,

in

318

KINGS OF MACEDON

No.

ALEXANDER THE GREAT

No.

319

Weight

Metal
Size

Obvkbsk

Heveebe

Similar type.

AAEiANAPO[Y]
seated
111.)
;

Zens Aetophoros throne with back (Type in front, racing torch beneath
1.

on

seat, traces of letters

boi'der, doubtful.

210

64-6

.11 -65

Similai' type

boi-der of dots.

AAEZANAPOY
throne has no back
;

Similar type; but border of dots.

211

r,-21

-7
(Miiller,

in front, rose

and N<

No. 133 [Traelium].)

Similar.

Similar, with footstool.

in front,
(Miiller,

212

64-6

yR

-65

1-4-

behind, club downwards.

No. 140 [Heraclea Sintica].)

Similar type.

AAEiANAPOY
in front, head of Zeus
seat, ivy-leaf.
(Miiller,

Zeus Aetophoros

seated 1. on tlu'one without back, his feet resting on a footstool (Type IV.).

213

63-5

JR

Amnion

r.

beneath

No. 189 [Aphytis].)

Similar type
214

border of dots.
'

Similar (3E doubtful).

in front, H"
.

64-4

jR

-7
(Miiller,

No. 220 [Heracleum]

Similar.

AAEHANAPOY
front, lyre.

Similar type

in

21c

bo'O

-1

(P omitted in
(Miiller,

inscr.)

No. 240 [Uncertain of Macedonia].)

216

631

M M
-65
(Miiller,

beneath

seat,

A
B

(Miiller, No. 241 [Uncertain of Macedonia].)

217

61-

beneath
No.

seat,

242 [Uncertain of Macedonia].)

Similar type.

AAEZANAPOY
neath
seat, ivy-leaf.

Similar type; be-

218

62-9

^65

in front,

|VE

(Miiller, No. 252 [Uncertain of Macedonia].)

219

04-2

M
(Miiller,

No. 251 [Uncertain of Macedonia].)

320

KINGS OF MACEDON

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Eeveese

Similar type

border of dots.

AAEEANAPOY
front,
bordei'.

Similar type;

crescent

with horns

1.

in plain

220

66'2

jR

-65
(Miiller,

beneath

seat,

P
;

No. 262 [Uncertain of Macedonia].)

221

G7-.

A\

-fu,
I I

beneath orescent, T*

beneath

seat,

(Miiller,

No. 264 [Uncertain of Macedonia].)

63-5

Al

-7

beneath
(Miiller,

seat,

*1*C

No. 273 [Uncertain of Macedonia].)

Siniila:

Similar horns
in front,
(Miiller,

beneath
1.

seat,

crescent

with

223

G9-7

A\

No. 274 [Uncertain of Macedonia].)

224

62-7

Ai

-7

in front, [^
(Miiller,

Nu. 275 [Uncertain of Macedonia].)

Similar.

AAEIANAPOY
seated
;

Zeus Aetophoros
i

on throne without back (Type III.) in front, H-K beneath seat, ram's head 1.
1.

63-

.R

-7

(Of. Miiller,

No. 299 [Samotlirace].)

!

Simila

AAEZANAPOY

Zeus Aetophoros
;

seated 1. on throne without back, his feet resting on a footstool (Type IV.) behind, spetir-head.

226

64'5

.11

-7
'

in front, lish upright.

(Miiller,

No. 315 [Cardia].)

in front, fish upright.

227

64-4

.11 -65

(No. 227

is

pierced.)

65-4

.R

-65
(Miiller,

in front, star of eight rays.

No. 317 [Cardia].)

229

56-.S

A\

-7

beneath
(Miiller,

seat, star of eight rays.

No. 318 [Cardia].)

in front, caducous u plight.

i:',0

65 -G

^
yft

-65
(Miiller,

No. 319 [Cardia].)

in front, bee
1.
;

231

65-5

7
(Miiller,

border of dots.

No. 322 [Cardia].)

ALl^JXANDER THK GREAT

Metal
Size

321

No.

Weight

Obvkrsb

Rbvebsk

Siiuilai' tyj)e.

[AJAEEANAPOY
li-ont,
liijii
1'.,

Similar tyjM; iu looking baokwai'ds

634

Al

beneath

60

seat, ivy-leaf.

(Muller,.Nu. 327 [Cardia].)

Similar type
2;!3
(;J.-2
I

border of dots.

AAEEANAP-Y
(iiiscr.

Similar type.
in front, B,
seat,

Al

-G

mostly

off coin)
1.
;

and

lion's
(Cf. Miiller,

head

beneath

T
and
lion's

No. 337 [Cardia].)

ill

TSi

61-

A\

-65

front, crescent with horns

1.,

head
(Miiller,

1.

beneath

seat,

P
and
<j>
;

No. 338 [Cardia].) in fi'ont, lion's head

seat,
1.,

235

65-9

.U -65

beneath

pentagram.

(Miiller,
2.;(J

No. 343 [Cardia].)

in front, forepart of lion
seat,
1.,

6J.-1

-7

and

<|>;

beneath

pentagram

plain border.

(Miiller,

No. 357 [Cardia].)

Similar type.

AAEZAN[APY]
fi'ont,

bee

1.

Similar fy|,e; in beneath seat,

237

50-8

Al

G6
(Miiller,

No. E16 [Melitaea].)

Similar type

border of dots.

[A]AEEEANAP.[Y]
"without footstool
;

in

front,

Similar type, within

wreath, and
238

beneath

seat,

64-5

.R

7
(Miiller,

No. 555 [Uncertain of N. Greece].)

Similar type.

Similar

amphora
239
61-8
I

but with 3; in inscr. beneath seat, |\/E

;

in front,

yR

-7 (Miiller,

No. COO [Uncertain of N. Greece].)

Similar.

AAEEANAPOY

Zeus

Aetophoros

seated 1. on throne without back, his feet resting on a footstool (Tyjie 111.) plain in front, forepart of Pegasos 1.
;

border.

240

65-6

yTl

-66
(Miiller,

in front,

-^

No. 608 [Uncertain of N. Greece].)

241

62-3

.^

-65
(Miiller,

beneath

seat,

border not

visible.

No. 610 [Uncertain of N. Greece].)

VOL.

KINGS OF MACEDON
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eeverse

Similar.

AAEZANAPOY
seated
1.

Zeus Aetojalioros on throne without back (Type

front, forepart of plain border.

IV.)

in
;

Pegasos

upwards
242
51-3
.11 -ec

beneath

seat,

fvj

(MuUer, No. 612 [Uncertain of N. Greece].)

243

G4-5

/R

-7

beneath seat. Artemis running 1., holding long torch no border visible.
;

(Miiller,

No. 614 [Uncertain of N. Greece].)

Similar.

AAEZANAPOY
footstool.

Similar type,

with

244

63-2

.R

-7

in front, curled snake

(Miiller, No.

beneath

seat,

628 [Uncertain of N. Greece].)

Simila

AAEZANAPOY
mouse
r.

Similar;

in

front,

245

'

G2-7

.-R -65

(border of dots.^
(Miiller,

(border of dots.)
No.
6-34

[Uncertain of N. Greece].)

246

62-5

JR.

-7

beneath mouse,
(Miiller,

~^H

No. 636 [Uncertain of N. Greece].)

47

62-4

-7

beneath
(Miiller,

seat,

|VE

No. 657 [Uncertain of N, Greece].)

[Plate

xxii. 10.]

Similar type

border of dots.

AAEiANAPoY
Similai-

(in

minute

letters)
;

type,
;

248

61-6

-7

fi'ont,

1^1

without footstool border of dots.

in

(Miiller,

No. 763 [Uncertain].)

[Plate xxii. 11.

Similar.

AAEZANAPOY
in front,

Similar type.

24!)

56-4

JR

-65

KH and

(Z

in inscr.)

(Cf. Miiller, No. 765 [Uncertain].)

250

654

.R

-7

in front,
(Miiller,

KH

beneath

seat,

P^

No. 766 [Uncertain].)

ALEXANDER THE GREAT

KT

323

No.

ijT

Weight

'

Metal
Size

Obverse

RUVERRE

2:)1

(i3(;

.R

in front,

Al

beneath

seat,

^
/^
;

(Miillcr, Xn. 7s:! [Uncertain].)

i:y2

61-

.R

-6

in

front,

[^

beneath

seat,

be-

hind,
(Miiller,

B
beneath

No. 785 [Uncertain].) in front,

yj^
;

631

.R

(i.-i
I

(no border visible.)

(Miiller,

seat,

fxl

No. 700 [Uncertain].)

in

254

'

Gl-

-65

front,

hind,

beneath

seat,

be-

(Cf. Miiller, No. 792 [Uncertain].)

Similar.

Similar, vrith footstool.

D
G4-7
'

.R -65
(Miiller, No.
79.5

in front, -p.
[Uncertain].)

beneath

seat,

2.56

63-9

.'R

-7

in front,

|^

beneath

seat,

<!>

(Miiller, No. 808 [Uncertain].)

257

65-

M
Al

-7

in front,
III.
(Miiller,
;

Kl beneath seat, IVE no footstool Z in inscr.).

; ;

(Type

No. 821 [Uncertain].)

in front,

258

61-5

7
(Miiller,

Kl

beneath

seat,

[sj

No. 823 [Uncertain].) in front,

259

6n-7
I

-R

-7

EAI

beneath

seat,

AA

(Miiller,

No. 833 [Uncertain].)

Similar type.

AAE5ANA

Zeus Aetophoros
;

seated 1. on throne without back, his feet resting on a footstool (T'ype III.) in front, male figure, three-quarter face towards 1., wearing helmet, and carrying
shield

on

1.

ann

beneath

seat,

3:

260

64'9

-65
,
(Miiller,

No. 905 [Aptera].)

Similar type

border of dots.

AAEZANAPOY
seated
IV.).
1.

Zeus Aetophoros on thi'one without back (Type

261

65-8

M
(Miiller,

in front,

^^^

No. 1057 [Miletus].)

T T 2

324

KINGS OF MACEDON
Metal
SiZR

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Similai'.

Similar.
in front,

262

62-8

7
(Miiller, Xo.

@>

beneath seat, bipennis.

1139 [Carin,].

pierced coin.)

Similar.

AAEZANAPOY BASIAEHS
in ex.)
(
;

(title

Zeus Aetophoros seated 1. on throne with back Type III.) beneath

throne,

/\

plain border.

263

(M-7

.-R -65
(Cf. Miiller,

in front,

No. 1364 [Aradus].)

xxri.

[Plate

12.]

264

55-3

-65
(Miiller,

in front,

No. 1371 [Aradus].)

Similar.

Similar

bnt Type IV no monogr. beneath seat border of dots.

; ; ;

205

62-7

M
(Cf. Miiller,

in front, No.
1.511

and anchor

beneath

seat,

[Seleucid].)

Similar.

A A EEA N APOY
throne
front,

Similar type

bat
in

has

no

back

footstool

$
seat,

26(;

63-3

JR

-75
(Miiller,

beneath

A}-t

No. 1603 [Uncertain].)

267

63-

M
(Miiller,

beneath

seat,

3^

No. 1605 [Uncertain].)

268

64-4

-7

border not

visible.
(Miiller, No.

beneath

seat,

1607 [Uncertain].)

Similar type.
I

Similar
?
1

but in front,
seat,

[yl

269

C3-8

/R

-7

border of dots

beneath

I
Jx

(Miiller,

No. 1618 [Uncertain].)

270

63-6

-7

plain border.

beneath
(Miiller,

seat,

No. 1621 [Uncertain].

pierced coin.)

ALEXANDER THE GREAT

Metal
Size

325

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reveb.ib

Similar type.

Similar

but in front^
seat,

(^

271

62-9

.11

-75

beneath
(Mliller,

No.

162.3

[Uncertain],)

Hi

&yS

A\

-or.

Similar type

border of dots.
Nn.

Similar

but in front,

f^

273

tl21

.-R

(Cf. Miiller,

16.57

[Uncertain].)

Similar.

Similar

but in front,

274

66-5
I

.R -65
(Cf. Miiller,

No. 1664 [Uncertain].)

Similar.

Similar

bat in front,
seat,

275

6-1'

JR^-6
(Miiller,

beneath

No. 1668 [Uncertain].)

Similar type.
27r,

Similar

but in front, (-f

seat,

63-6

M
(Cf. Miiller,

beneath

"JV^

No. ]676 [Uncertain].)

Similar.

Similar

but in front, p^

no

footstool.

277

63-8

-7

beneath

seat,

(Miiller, No. 1678 [Uncertain].)*

Similar type

border of dots

AAEHANAPOY
in front,

Similar type.

278

60-7

Ai

-7

O E
seat,

(Miiller, No. U393 [Uncertain].)

279

58-3

-7

no border

visible.

beneath
I

1^

border of dots.

Jj

32(5

KINGS OP MACEDON"
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Similar.

AAEZANAPOY
pa^i' raised

Zens Aetophoros

seated 1. on thi'one without back, his feet resting on a footstool (Type III.) in front, griffin seated 1., with r. fore;

beneath

seat,

280

64-8

.R

/^

-7

[Plate

xxii.

13.]

Similar type.

AAEEANAPOY
seated
1.

Zeus

Aetophoro.s

on throne without back (Type

IV.).

281

03-7

.R

in front,

Similar.

Similar, with footstool.

in front,

282

6(r5

JR

-65

^j^, and prow

1.

[Plate xxii. 14.

Similar type

border of dots.

Similar.

283

62-3
fiO-2

M
.R

-7

in front,
in front,

|^

beneath

seat,

\^

284
285

-Gt.

beneath seat,
1.,

fY
;

63'3

-7

in front, head of lion

seat,

and E

beneath

Simila

Similar, without footstool.

in front, wreath ?

286

64-0

.R
[Plate

beneath

seat,

KH

xxii.

16.

Similar.

Similar, with footstool.

in front, crescent

287

61-

.R

-05

with horns downwards

beneath

seat, ^J--i

288

64-4
I

A\

-7

in front, lion (or panther

beneath [Platr
xxii.

seat,

?) springing within wreath.

1.;

16.]

ALEXANlJKR
Mktal
Size

TllE

Gttl^LVl*

;i27

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Tr iobols

289

328

KINGS OF MACEDON
Metal

Weiuht

J97

86-

298

el-

299

se-

300

93

301

95-

302

112-5

303

ALEXANDER THE GKBAT

Metal
Size

329

No.

Wkiqht

Obverse

Reverse

Similar type

border of dots.

AAEIANAPOY
quiver
;

Above, bow and

1.

beneath, club
quiver,

308

101-5

above

bow and
i-.

beneatb club,

trident

Similar.

ZAN AP Y

AA E

Between
quiver
;

two
;

parts

of

inscr., club r.

beneath,

309

29-5

bow and
-55

plain border.

Similar type.

AAETANAPOY
beneath, club
r.

Above, bow in case

310

22-

/E

-5

Similar type

border of dots.

AAEHANAPOY
club
1.

Similar types

but

311

79-

-7

beneath club, one-handled jar

1.

Similar.

Similar

but club

r.

312

G9-

-65

beneath club, SI

Similar.

AAEEANAPOY
beneath,

bow

in
r.

case;

Above, club r. above club,

bunch
313
102-

of grapes

314
315

110-5
95-

M M M

-7

beside symbol,

-75
-75

Similar.

AAEZANLAPOY]
case; beneath,

club

1.;

Above, bow in beneath club,

AA
316
97-5

and

pellet.

-7

Similar.

AAEZANAPOY
beneath,
case,

bow

in case

Above, club r. beneath bow in

; ;

E
L'

U7

96VOL.
I.

-75

330

KINGS OF MACEDON
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obveese

Eeveesb

Similar type.

A A EZ A N A PO Y
beneath, club
1.

Above,

bow

in case

318 319

70-

89-5

M M

-65
-7

beneath, club,

rE
r.,

and traces

of symbol.

border of dots.

beneath club

f^

[Plate

xxiii.

3.]

Similar type

border of dots.

AAE5ANAPO[Y]
beneath,

Above,

club

r.

bow

in case.

320

91-

-7

beneath

bow

in case, Capricorn

[Plate
I

xxiii. 4.]
1

Young male head

321
64-

r.,

wearing taenia.

A A E] E A N A P [Y]
_

Free horse

M M M M M M ^

prancing
-6

r.

Similar type

border of dots.

AAEEANAPoY
beneath, thunderbolt,

Similar type,

322 323

5758-

-6

-65

racing torch.

324 325

58-5 62-5

-65
-65

?)

dolphin

r.,

downwards.

[Plate

xxiii.
flat

6.]

326
327

86' 57-

-6

cap perpendicularly placed?

-6

Similar.

BAZIAEDZ
in field horse,
r.
;

Horseman, wearing

[A]AE^ANA[P0Y]
1.,

f^

kausia, prancing bipennis and lAl ; beneath

328*

61-

-7

[Plate

xxiii.

6.]

Head

of
;

skin

young Herakles border of dots.

r.,

wearing

lion's

A
club

Above,
r.

bow and

quiver

beneath,

329t

-7

beneath, thunderbolt.

.Nos.

329

it.

are post-Alexandrine, and were perhaps struck during the

Intekval (see

p. 339).

ALEXANDER THE GREAT PHILIP

Weight

HI.

;i;!i

No.

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

330
331

84-

89-5
92-

333

9393-

334

335

103-

336
337

84-

88-

131-9

; ;

332

KINGS OF MACEDON

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Eevbbse

Similar
2

but on helmet, serpent,

<l>IAirrOY
in field
in field
1.,

Similar type.
r.

130-4

132-2
131-8

N N
A^

-7

(earring

and necklace doubtful.)

ffP and twisted serpent

serpent-like object

-7

1.,

and
of

^
f1

-8

hair loose.

as

preceding,
field
1.

with

addition

in

[Plate

xxiii.

8.]

SiLVEE

Tetradrachms
Head
of
;

young Herakles
border of dots.

r.,

wearing

lion's

<i>iAirroY
beneath)

baziaehz

(title

skin

Zeus Aetophoros seated 1., with r. leg drawn back, on throne with back, his feet resting on a footstool

no
264-6

ex. line

border of dots.

1-1

in front, wheel of four spokes,

and (T

beneath
(No. 5
is

seat,

(^
and
;

pierced.)

262-6

JR 1-15

in

front,

beneath
263-

seat,

^X

bunch of grapes

(ex. line).

JR

1-05

(r.

leg in front of (no border).

9.

1.)

beneath

seat,

AA

[Plate
252-4
9

xxiii.

261-8 263-6

M M
M

1-05
1-05
1-

in front,

A\
;

and ^^^
beneath
;

beneath

seat,

in front,
(title,

seat,

AY
A\
;

10

ofi

coin)

in

front,

beneath

seat,

B
1.);

11

262-1

^l 1-15

(r.

leg in front of

in front,

1^

beneath
12
262-4

seat,

/^
;

1-2

in front, head of Helios facing

seat,

beneath

KY

[Plate

xxiii.

10.]

Drachms
Head
of
;

skin

young Herakles border of dots.

r.,

wearing

lion's

A P Toy
I

on

thi-one

Zeus Aetophoros seated 1. without back, his r. leg

drawn
13
65-2

back.

M.

-65

in front, star of eight rays

beneath

seat,

01
(No. 13
is picrcc-d.)

PHILIP

III.

333

No.

Weisht

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Similar

tj-pe.

Similar, but throne has back.

in front,
l-j-

65-2

Al

-65

beneath

seat, goat's foot ?

Similar.

Similar, with footstool

throne has no

back
15

border of dots.

.Rpl.-65

in front, lyre.

Similar type

plain border.

Similar

but throne has back,

;

16

65-4

JR

-65

in front, bee

beneath

seat,

yfl^

Similar type.

<MAIProY
no back.
in
front,
seat,

Similar type; throne has

17

62-7

M
M

-7

serpent -like

object

beneath

18

64-6

-65

in front, pomegranate.

Similar type
19
62-7

border of dots.

Similar

but in front,

.^65

20
21

53-3
64-7

M-7

beneath

seat,

-65

Similar.

<|>IAIProY
stool
;

Similar type,
r.

-with,

foot1.

but
seat,

leg visible in front of

22 23

62-4

-65

beneath
in front,

/f^

66-2

M-7
[Plate

Kf

>

border of dots.

xxiii.

11.

Similar type

plain border.

Barbarous imitation of above type (particularly Miiller, xxviii., No. 79).

24

65-4

-7

334

KINGS OF MACEDOlSr
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

25 26

51-2 49-5

27

91-

62-

49-5

93-5

91-5

;.

PPEILIP III. CASSANDER

335

No.

Weigiht

Metal
Size

Obverse

Eeveese

Similar type

border of dots.

B AZ A E n.1. KAZZANA[PoY]
I

Tripod-lebes, arched over at tlie top

with branch
96-5

of laurel.

90-5

M ^

-7

in field

1.,

t<

in field

r.,

racing- torch.

-76

in

field

1.,

/t.

in field

r.,

traces

of

symbol.

Head

of
;

skin

young Herakles border of dots.

r.,

wearing

lion's

BAZIAEIIZ

Naked youth on

KAZZAN APY
crowning
;

slowly border of dots.

horseback r, horse which advances in front, star of eight rays

his

loe-

10

ss-

11

95-

12

S9-

M M M ^ M

-75

beneath horse,

A A
X:
;

-7

between

its fore-legs,

T
>>

-75

/J

-85

5)
.

(youth holds filleted palm over 1 shoulder)

13

98-

-8

beneath horse,

<!>

between

its fore-legs,

Similar.

BAZIAEnZ KAZZAN AP

Similar

type;

in

-Y

front,

Al; border

of dots.

14

96-

15

96-

M M

-8

beneath horse, traces of letters?

-8

beneath

horse,

mscr.

differently

divided.

Similar,

Similar type

in front,

A
beneath horse,
rfl

16

78-5

^
jE

-8

[BAZIAEXIZ]

KAZZA N AP-Y

17

83-

-8

KAZZAN AP Y

BAZI

beneath horse, border of dots.

336

KINGS OF MACEDON

No.

CASSANDERDEMETRIUS POLIORCETES
Metal
Size

337

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eeveese

DEMETRIUS POLIORCETES
306283
B.C.

Demetrius Poliorcetes washing of Macedon from 294 to 288 B.C. The types of his coins show that he prided himself on his reputation as a naval commander. Nos. 1 3 etc. probably refer directly to the battle fought off Cyprus in 306 B.C., when Demetrius, as admiral for his father Antigonus, annilulated the fleet of Ptolemy,

Silver

Euboic-Attic Standard
Tet radrachms

Prow

1., on -wliicli stands winged Nike 1., holding trophy-stand (or o-tvAis ?) in 1., and with r. grasping long trumpet which border of dots. sh.e is blowing
;

AHMHTPIOY BA
(title

SIAEIl S

Poseidon standing 1., with 1. foot in advance he is naked but for chlamys with pointed ends which
beneath)
;

is

twisted round his 1. arm in r. hand he grasps an ornamented trident, as if

;

about to strike

border of dots.
r.,

2631

M
M

1-1

in field
rays.

1.,

laf

in field

star of sixteen

[Plate
2621-1

xxiii.

15.]

prow

slightly varied.

infiel41.,

hP;

in field

r., fZSJ

Similar

prow

varied.

AHMHTPI0[Y] BAS
Similar type beneath) border of dots. plain
(title
;

lAEflS
;

trident

264-4

1-05

in field

1.,

hP

in field

r.,

bipennis.

Head

Demetrius r., horned, wearing narrow diadem border of dots.

of
;

B AX A EHZ AHMHTPlOY
I
;

Poseidon, naked, standing 1., his r. foot

resting on a rock and his r. arm on his with his 1. he leans on trident; r. knee

border of dots.

266-7 259-3

M
JR

1-2
1-

in field
in field in field
iu field

r.,

^V

1.,

A
>E
>E
;

264-2
2G2-b

M
Al

1-2
1-1

1.,

1.,

i" fiald

r,,

hP
X X

338

KINGS OF MACEDON
Eevbbse

No.

Weight

Mbtai
Size

Obverse

262-7

11

in field

1., star of sixteen rays (no border visible).

in field

r.,

270-3

10

263-5

M M

115
1-

in field

1.,

-eg

in field

r.,

^
posi-

same monogi-ams, in same relative tions, but between type and inscr.

Similar.

AHMHTPlOY
BAZIAEHZ
;

Poseidon, witb upper part of his body naked, seated 1. on a rock be holds in his r. an aplustre, and leans with his 1. on trident border of dots.
;

11

263-5

M
JR.

11
[Pjate

in field
xxiii.

1.,

/R and

in field

r.,

16.]
r.,

12

258-9

1-05

in field

on

rock,

/}s|

Dr a clini
Nike on prow, as on Nos.
dots.

1 3

border of

AHMHTPlOY
(title
;

BASI AEIl
1.,

S
as

beneath) Poseidon standing on No. 3 border of dots.

in field
(No. 13
is
1.,

13

63-4

A\

-65

in field

r.,

pierced.)

Triobols
Similar.

Similar.
in field
1.,

14 15

321

M M

-5

in field

r.,

-5

as preceding.

Bronze

Head

of

Pallas

r.,

wearing Corinthian

BA

Prow

of vessel

r.

beneath,

ffj

helmet with horn.

16
17

40
53\

M M

-65
-6

monogr. obscure.

Similar
IH
38-

but helmet crested

no Lorn.

BA
r.,

Similar type beneath, in bipeuuis in field 1., aplustre.

;
;

field

JE

DEMETRIUS POLIORCETES INTERVAL

Metal
Size

339

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reveese

INTERVAL
286277
Bnriiiij these
B.C.

had hern For

years there was a continvnvs struggle for the eroimt of Macedon, toMch hi/ Pyrrhus of Epiriis (circa 288 B.C.), and hit little money was issued. silver prohahly struch then, see under Alexander the Great, Nos. 59, 60.
seized

Beonze

Macedoman
crescents,

shield,

ornamented with five between which, stars in the

;

B A
crest.

Macedonian helmet with double

centre, thunderbolt within double circle

border of dots.
7472-

M M

-75
-65

(four crescents)

beneath,

(or trident

r. ?)

plain border,

beneath, shell?; border of dots.

Similar; but, in place of stars, groups of

five dots.

Similar

visible

but straps for fastening helmet beneath in field r., > border
;
;

of dots.

63-

71-5

M M

-65
-6

helmet varied

beneath, pellet.

but in place Similar Gorgon's head facing.

;

of

thunderbolt,

B A
crest

Macedonian helmet with double in field 1., and cheek - pieces

;

caduoeus.

5 6

53-

^
J5

-65 -65

in field

r.,

NK

63-5

[Plate
7 6858-

xxiii.
1

17.]
field r.,

^ ^

-65 -65

Similar
61-

Similar; but infield

1.,

ear of corn.

-65

XX

340

KINGS OF MACEDON
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obvekse

Ebveese

ANTIGONUS GONATAS
277239
B.C.

The types of Nos. 1 and 2 Antigonus Gonatas ivas the son of Demetrius Poliorcetes. prohahlij refer to a victory gained over the Egyptian fleet in an engagement off Cos The head of Pan on the Obv. of Nos. 3 6 has been interpreted as an (265 B.C.)* allusion to the panic that overtook the Gauls when attached by Antigonus in 277 B.C.

Cf. also

Nos. Iff.

For

the type of

Athena

Allcis, see

under Pella.

Silver

Euboic-Attic Standard

Tetradrachms
Head
of Poseidon r., crowned plant border of dots.
;

-witli

marine

A N T ro N O Y
I

BAZIAEI2Z
seated
1.,
1.
;

Prow
r.

1.,

on projecting

side of which, Apollo

naked,

leg

drawn back
in r.

behind
263-5

he holds a bow

1-25

beneath,

"f\l/r

[Plate
263-6

xxiii.

18.]
;

1-2

prow more" ornate trident 1., and /^

beneath, ornamented

Macedonian shield
;

adorned with

seven

crescents, within each of which star of six rays in centre, within double plain

A N T ro N O Y
I

BAZIAEfiZ

Athena Alkis standing

,

border, head of Pan 1., horned, with pedum at shoulder, and nebris round neck.

with 1. foot thrust 1. forward; she wears crested helmet, aegis, chiton, and ohlamys with pointed ends in r. she wields thunderbolt, wliile on 1. arm she has a round shield on which is Gorgoneion; in field 1., Macedonian helmet with double crest and cheekpieces.

263-6

M M M

1-26

in field

r.,

hP

[Plate
265-6
263-7
1-25
1-2
stars of eight rays.

xxiii.

19.]
r.,

in field in field in field

crest,

[^

r.,

Tl

261-2

/R 1-2

r.,

KT;

but,

instead

of double

Macedonian helmet has

plume

rising
(No. 6
ia

up

at each side

shield obscm-e.

pierced.)

.* ^^^ 7^"^ ^ D'"- Imhoof-Blumer {Monnaies grecques, p. 128). An earlier date in the reign '^^f'%'^ ot Cionatas has also been suggested (A. J. Evans, Horsemen of Tarentum, p. 150) Mr Head was at one time mchned to assign the coins to the reign of Antigonus Doson (229220 B c
)

ANTIGONUS GONATAS
Metal
Size

341

No.

Weight

Obverse

Beyebse

Bronze

Some of

the following bronze,

the reign of Antigonus Doson,

and possibly some of the preceding nephew of Oonatas (229

220
falls

silver,

may

belong to

B.C.).

Head

of Pallas

r.,

wearing crested Corin-

B A
Al
in

Pan
field
1.,

r.,

erecting

tliian

helmet, and necklace.

fawn-skin

a a trophy over his 1. arm

;

cheek- pieces, and plume

either side.

Macedonian helmet with rising from

80-

M
m M M

-75

(border of dots;

countermark, head of

in field

r.,

uncertain symbol.

Herakles
87-8

? r.)

in field

r.,

star of seven rays.

visible in field
/S^
r.

9 10

76-

-7

no symbol

92-

-lb

beneath helmet, star?

ia field
r.,

in field

r.,

traces of

11

102-

-7

star ?

Similar.

B A

Similar type ; but fawn-skin behind, over 1. shoulder.

1.,
<|

flies

12

109-5

-7

in field

[Plate xxit.

l.J

Similar.

Similai',

without fawn-skin.

13 14

102-5
98-

M M M M M

-75 -85

in field

1.,

and

<|>

in field

1., <|>

(Workmanship rude.)
16
IG 17
70-5
30-7

in field
in field in field

1.,

K
uncertain monogram.

-55

1.,

54-

-65

r.,

Similar.

Similar

but Pan has serpent-like object twined round 1. arm.

;

18

-65

in field

r.,

star?;

in field

1.,

traces of

symbol
[Plate xxiv. 2.]

3i2

KINGS OF MACEDON
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obvesse

Eeveese

Head

of

young Herakles

r.,

wearing

lion's

skin.

ANTir ON OY
ing his horse
;

[BAZIAEflZ]

Naked

rider advancingr., crownpilos.

10

70-

beneath horse,

-7

Similar.

Similar type.

20
21

69-5 69'5

M M

-65

'65

Macedonian
crescents,

22 23

6365-

M M

shield, adorned with seven within each of which, and between each pair of which, a pellet in the centre, within plain circle, fi^

BA

Zl

crest

Macedonian helmet with double and cheek- pieces in field r., \S\
;

-65 -65
six crescents.

in field

1.,

traces of

monogram,

in field

1.,

N<

DEMETRIUS
239229
Tliis Icing, the

II.

B.C.

son nf Antigoims Gonatas, struclc no gold or silver in his

own name.

Bronze
Macedonian
shield,

crescent -shaped

adorned with ornaments in

;

six

BA

the

Macedonian helmet, Zl double crest and cheek-pieces.

with

centre, withiii plain circle,

^
in field
1.,

64-

M ^
^ M
.Si]

-6

bunch

of grapes ?

28-

bunch
-6

of grapes.

63-5

trident

upwards

[Plate
62-5
665915-6

xxiv. 3.j

anchor.
bipennis.
pellet

-65

-65
-4

between each pair of crescents

pedum

no symbol.

ANTIGONUS GONATASPHILIP
Metal
Size

V.

343

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

PHILIP
220178

V.
B.C.

Philip v., the son of Demetrius II., came into conflict with Home. After the defeat of Cynoscephalae (197 B.C.) he was stripped of all his possessions outside Macedon, and forced to accept the suzerainty of the Bomans.

Silver

Euboic-Attic Standard

Tetradrachms
Macedonian shield adorned with seven
crescents, within
;

BAZIAEnZ
(MAinnoY

Club

r.

all

within oak-

each of which, star in centre, within plain of eight rays double circle, head of Philip as the hero Perseus 1., wearing winged cap of Phi-ygian form, terminating at the end in an eagle's head behind head, harpa.
;

wreath.

256-6

M M

1-35

above

inscr.,

/?

beneath,

and

fo]

outside, in field

1.,

head

of caduceus.

253-

1-3

above

inscr.,

beneath,
1.,

and

outside, in field

star;

(H

in inscr.).

Didrachm
Head
131-3
of Philip
r.,

wearing broad diadem.

Similar.

1-

same symbol and same

No. [Plate
xxiv. 4.
2.

monograms

Bkonze

Head

of

Poseidon

r.,

bound with marine

B
<()

Athena Alkis

r.,

wearing long
;

plant, hair long.

ends, shield and

chiton, chlamya with pointed and crested helmet in her 1.,

two spears

in her

r.

she

brandishes a thunderbolt.

5265-

m M

-65
-7

in field in field

r.,

thanderbolt.
trideut
1.

r,,

344

KINGS OF MACEDON

No.

PHILIP

V.

345

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

Head
cap
18
101.*:
-7

of hero Perseus
;

r.,

wearing winged

in front, liarpa.
off coin.

<j)

Eagle standing facing, with wings spread, on thunderbolt.

top of cap,

beneath,

Similar type.
19
79-5

[B]AZIAE n[Z]

Free horse prancing

r.

MIA

innY

.E -65

top of cap,

off coin.

Similar
I

cap of Phrygian form, ending in

B A
<t>

Harpa

r.

all

within oak-wreath.

head

of bird.

20
21

43-

-7

(top of cap, off coin.)

49-5

-6

Macedonian

shield,

adorned

crescents, within each of

with six which a pellet,

B A
<t>

Club

1.

and between each pair

pellets
;

of which, three in the centre, wheel-lilte orna-

22

81-

ment.
-65

Similar type; but within each crescent, star of six rays, and between each pair, two pellets in the centre, head of hero Perseus r., wearing winged and pointed
;

BAZIAEilZ
<i)iAinnoY

Macedonian helmet with

cheek-pieces.

23

56-

24

46-

M M

cap.
-65
-5

UNCERTAIN PHILIP*
Head
22-

of

young Herakles

1.,

wearing

lion's
I

<MAI

Thunderbolt,

skin.

rnoY
xxiv.
6.]

JE

-5

[Plate

The

style

and the absence

of the title

BAZIAEHZ

point to an early king, probably

Philip 11.

346

KINGS 0 MACEDON
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Revebsb

PERSEUS
178168
B.C.

Philip's son, Perseus, attempted to throio off the Boman yoke. He was decisively defeated by Aemiliiis Paidus at Pi/dnu (168 B.C.), after which the Macedonian

kingdom came

to

an end.

Silver

Euboic- Attic Standard

Tetra drachms
Head
of Perseus
r.,

diademed.

BAZI

HEP ZEflZ

Eagle turned to-wards r., standing on thunderbolt, wings open all within oak-wreatli, outside of which, beneath, plough 1.
;

AEnZ

235-4

M
M M

1-3

above
(No. 1
is

inscr.,

<1>

in field

r.,

y^

between

eagle's legs,
pierced.)

/V

259-5

1-35

and

256-2

1-3

and

Ml

261-2

M. 1-3

A
and
N<

Similar type

beneath,

IXIIAOY

Similar
star
;

but outside of wreath, beneath, acorns in wreath.

]^

259-3

1-25

in field

r.,

and

[)

[Plate

xxiv.

7.

Beosze

Head

of hero Perseus r., wearing winged cap of !Phrygian shape, the top of which ends in head of a bird.

B A
E]P

113-

-96

with open wings, head turned towards r., standing on plough r. between eagle's legs, Z in field 1., branch in field r., ti-aces
;
;

Eagle, facing,

of

monog-ram.

PERSEUS
Metal
Size

347

No.

Weighi

Obverse

Reverse

Similar.

Similar type.

EP
r24-5

-9

in field
r.

1.,

Nike, holding palm in

1.,

her

outstretched.

Similar type

in front, harpa.'

B A EP

Similar type but eagle stands on thunderbolt.

;

977187-

2E -85

in ex., traces of letters.

10
11

11180-

12

M ^ M ^

-75
-7

(harpa, off coin.)

-7

-8

H EP H Al HA

in field,

r.,

Similar

but harpa over shoulder.

B
TT

A
E

Similar type
rays.

in ex., star of six

13

7-1-

M M

-7

14
15

7967-

JE -75
-65

E, off coin.

no harpa

visible.

in inscr.

Head

of

young Herakles

r.,

wearing

lion's

Horseman
horse,

skin.
74-

EP
legs, star.

crowning his r., which advances slowly.

16

JE

-75

beneath horse,

and

X
^
(H

between fore-

17

59-

-65

beneath horse, 5:

and

between

fore-

legs, traces of letters

?)

348

KINGS OF PAEONIA
Metal
Size

N"o.

Weight

Obverse

Eeveese

Kings of Paeonia
During
the disturbances

that took place before Philip II.

had secured himself on

Their earliest

his throne,

the

Paeonians succeeded in asserting

Icing,

their independence.

Lylckeios, loas succeeded by Patraus.

Silver

Phoenician Standard

(debased)

PATRAUS
Circa

340

315

B.C.

Tetradrachra
Head
of Apollo?
r.,

laur.,

hair short.

riA

Horseman in armour, striking with spear at a prostrate foeman, who defends himself H'ith a round shield.
prancing
r.,

T PAO Y

192-3

-96

behind,

^jA and uncertain

sjmbol.

[Plate

xxiv. 8.]

Drachm
Head
of Apollo ?
r.,

wearing taenia.

PAT PAO Y
running
r.

Forepart of wild boar,

51-8

JR

-65

beneath.

Barbarous imitation of above type.

39-

Barbarous imitation of above type.

-GS

AUDOLEON
Circa

315 28G
fell

B.C.

The following
B.C.).

Oa

loere struck before Audoleon's assumption his death, in 286 B.C., Paeonia

of the title Bamk.vi (circa 306 under the sway of Lysimachns.

Tetradrachms
Head
of Pallas with hair in long curls, three-quarter face towards r., wearing

AYAHAE'N TZ
advancing
dots.
r.;

necklace and border of dots.

19J.-2

beneath,

Horse, bridled, border of

triple -crested

helmet

/R

PATRAUS -AUDOLEON
Metal
Size

349

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eeverse

Similar

arrangement

of hair,

and

lielmet,

AYAHAE- N TOZ
.

varied.

advancing
dots.

beneath, 7^ forelegs, uncertain symbol

r.
;

Free horse between border of

;

191-

.R

-'.to

above,

176-6

-85

AYAflAE

NTZ

Dra chms
Head
1.,

of Pallas, three- quarter face towards wearing triple-crested helmet hair in long curls; border of dots.
;

AYAHAE- NT
beneath,

-Z

Free horse, trot

tingr.; border of dots.

46-2

M
M

-6

^
;

[Pla'L'e

XXIV. 9.

42-8

-55

horse bridled
I I

rein trailing

inscr. obscure,

but differently divided.

(A pierced
coin.)

350

MACEDON
Metal
Size

SEMI- INDEPENDENT

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eeveese

Macedon Semi-independent
Circa

185168

B.C.

Some

time in the course of Ids reign, probably in 185 B.C. (cf. Livy xxxix. 24), Fhilip v., JiiuUng his hold over the Macedonians less secure than he desired, granted them a certain amount of autonomy, in the hope of attaching them more

firmly to his cause.

Various districts then began to contemporaneously with the regal issues*

strllie

money

EDONIS
The following
series loere

doubtless struck at Amphipolis.

possibly as late as Perseus.

No. 14 may perhaps belong Silver

to

Nos. 3 and 4 are a different district.

Euboic-Attic

Standard

Tetrobols

M A
KE
35-5

Club

r.

of a

the whole in the centre Macedonian shield.

;

Macedonian helmet with cheek-pieces

1.

.R

-6

in field

I.,

and trident
[B.M.C.,
38-3

and
1.

in field

r.,

^,

p.

9 (11).]

-SS

in field I., 4) and star of eight rays.

m field

r.,

and

Head

of

Maenad

r.,

wearing earring, neckof

lace,

and garland

vine-leaves

and

A\AKE AONIIN

Between two

lines of the inscr.,

grapes.

37-2

.R

-55

stern of ship, in field r., /V\

amid waves;

[Plate xxiv. 10.]

35-5

JR

6-

Bkonze

Head

young river-god Strymon r., with short horns; hair crowned with
of
reeds.

MAKE AONUN
p. 12 (40).]

Ornamented trident

r.

101-

M
iE

-9

above and below trident,

[Cf.

B.M.C.,

1^ (^

126-

-8

117-

JE

-75

'" ^"'' ^^^ PP- 169 &., issues ot tins epoch are ior the firat time issncs^oE ^hiJil%^'^r^^f'^y^'f"l'-J^'' ^'^'""f satisfactorily arranged.

where the Macedonian

EDONISAMPHAXITIS
Metal
Size

351

No.

Weight

Obtbrsk

Reverse

128-

M M

-7

[AT
107-8

N<
10
108-

-8

Vu
IVE

beneatli inscr.,

11

105-

JE -85

as preceding?

Head
125-

of Apollo

r.,

laur.

MAKE

Lyre
r,

in field

1.,

strung bofr

aonun
-9

-^

[BM.G.,

p.

14 (54).J

AMPHAXITIS
The foil oil) iiig were struck at Thessalonica, as were other coins hearing the monogram '^ The district of Amphaxitis (e.g., Macedonia a Roman Peovince, No. 7).
lay on the left bank of the river Axius.

Bronze

Head

of

young Herakles

r.,

wearing

lion's

AM<I>A

Club

r.

all

within wreath, of

skin.

ZIXIN

oak.

138-5

^ M

-9

beneath, traces of /j{\

[Cf.

B.M.C.,

p.

42 (1).J
1.
;

105-

-8

type

beneath, traces of |\f

Head

of Apollo

r.,

laur.

MAKE
AO N X2 N
[B.M.G.,
p.

Tripod -lebes, with cover, surmounted by three sprays of laurel; in field 1., A^

129-

124-5

M M

-8

11 (37).J
in field
r.,

-7

and

2i;

in field

1.,

traces of

P^

352

MACEDON SEMI-INDEPENDENT
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Heveese

BOTTIAIA
The folloicing loere out of Macedonia
striich at Fella.

The

Bottiaei

had long before

this been

driven

into Ghalcidice (see p. 274), but the district retained their

name.

Silver

Euboic

Attic Standard

Piece of Two and

Macedonian
shield, with vpheel-like ornaof seven crescent-shaped rays in the centre.

Half Oboli
in very rude letters on

BOTTEATUN
stern of ship,

ment

amid waves.

26-8

-5

Bkonze

Head

of

Zeus

r.,

wreathed with laurel;

border of dots.
158-

AON
?)

MA

KE
i2N

Winged thunderbolt
neath,
"

1.;

be-

JE

-9

wreath of oak-leaves

[Cf. B.M.G., p. 13

(48).]

121-5
128-

-85
-8

above, crescent with horns upwards,

beneath, crescent with horns upwards.

Similar type.
98-

-75

AO NI2N

MA

KE

Similar type; beneath,

"B^

and

ISK

above,

[iJJ

UNCERTAIN OF MACEDON
No.

353

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse
ESVEKSE

UNCERTAIN OF MACEDON
Beonze

Head

of

Zeus

r.,

laur.

border of dots.

Eagle, with closed wings, standing r. on thunderbolt, looking back; in field r

izp
1

1231-24-

.E

-9

in field

1.,

W
uncertain symbol.

-85

in field

1.,

Simila
65-

Eiigle,

M M

with closed wings, standing

field
1.,

r.

on

-7

thunderbolt; in

/.;

r.,

pp

Similar.
-45

19-5

Thunderbolt; in

field

1.,

0;

r.,

[SP

Macedonian
;

shield,

adorned

with

five

53-5

-65

crescents in the centre, within double plain border, head of Herakles, facing.

Macedonian helmet with double

cheek-pieces
in field
1.,
;

crest
;

in field

r.,

caduceus

and and

tU

[Plate

xxiv.

II.

Similar

but between each pair of

cres-

68-5

M
M

cents, five pellets.

-66

Similar type; in caduceus.

field r.,

r^; in

field

1.,

65-

-55

Similar but no pellets in the centre, a dot, around which, three circles.
;
;

Similar type; ear of crn.

in fiald

r.,

K;

beneath,

Coins of the types of Nos. 14 are found in Macedonia and Paeonia. One of the British specimens is re-struck over a late Macedonian regal coin. The evidence of date thus supplied is confirmed by style. The head of Zeus on the Obv. closely resembles that on the Eev. of BoTTiAiA, Nos. 25. Possibly the monogram represents the name of a district. Nos. 57 on the other hand, are regal coins, but it is uncertain to what king they should be attributed.

Museum

Z Z

364

MACEDOlSr

UNDER THE ROMANS

No.
I

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Ebveese

Macedon undee the Romans

THE FOUR CONFEDERATIONS

168146
B.C.

The Bcccnn-'iri clespatclied from Borne after the battle of Pydna to settle Macedonia, divided it into four republican confederations, independent of each other. The right of coining silver was conferred on these by the Senate in 168 B.C. Nos. 1 5, struch probably at Amphipolis, the capital of the First Eegion, are therefore sub-

sequent to that date.

Silver

Euboic-Attic

Standard

[Tetradrachms
Macedonian shield, having in centre a bust of AitemLs Tauropolos r., wearing earring, stephane, and drapery about neck; at shoulder, bow and quiver.

MAKEAONHN
nPXlTHZ

r.; the whole within a wreath of oak-leaves, outside of which, on 1., a thunderbolt.

Club

2(J4-

A\

1-

above,

/?

259-2

yR 1-26

no earring.

above,

^
^^;
but
beneath,

26J-2

.R

1-3

above,

Ti and ffE

259-1

1-3

similar,

TfE
beneath,

263-5

.R 1-25

above,
insor.

FFE

| and [i^

ir

[Plate

xxiv.

12.J

FOUR CONFEDERATIONS ROMAN PROVINCE

355

No.

MACEDON UNDER THE

ROMAJSTS

No.

IMPERIAL TIMES

357

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Eetbese

Silver

Head

of

Alexander the Great

1.,

diademed.

APoY AAEZAN
raised
as
if

Alexander

on
1.,

advancingflies

horseback with hand

hoi'se;

chlamys

to crown his behind him.

his

n-3

Al

-55

[Plate xxiv. 15.]

91

Similar head
-4.

r.

Lion advancing
[Plate
xxiv.

r.

16.]

Bronze

AA6IANAPOV
as yoang skin.

Head
r.,

Herakles

of Alexander wearing lion's

KOINONMAKGAON NCHNU
cing
r.;

Alexander on

horse pranhe holds spear ia r., and his in front, chlamya flies behind him Nike, grasping horse by the bridle r., turns towards r., with trophy over 1.
;

shoulder.

1-05

[Plate xxiv. 17.]

AAIANAPOV
A^
I-

Similar.

KOINONMAKAONnNBNll
Pallas Nikephoros

spear on

1.

arm

seated 1., holding behind her, shield.

AA5ANAPOV

Similartype,

KOINONMAK AONflN Nn
Zeus seated 1., holding patera in leaning on sceptre with 1.
r.,

and

1-05

AAZANA POV

Similar type.

KOI

within wreath of laurel.

MAK AONflN
B

Nn

-8

Of rlntititfnl authentidtr. doubtta authenucit^ only com yet found

Hu^rG^Her! wh^

the ranty, as being This piece was formerly considered a great (Pmkerton, Essoy with his head, and struck during his reign" Imperial times. Dr. l!^^^^~'^7'l^^y if ^eUine, however, it belongs to agree with him. it to be false, and I incline to
lils'seln a'ca^t. believes

358

MACEDON UNDER THE ROMANS

Metal
Size

No.

"Weight

Obverse

Eevekse

AA6IANAP0V
the Great
r.,

Head

of

Alexander

KOINONMAK6
;

AONnNBN

diademed.

Pallas Nikeplioros seated I., holding on 1. arm, spear behind her, shield.

1-1

AA6EANAP0V

Similar type.

KOINONMAKAONI2NBN
Similar type but Nike extends wreath towards Pallas.
;

1-05

AA lANAPOV
10

Similar type.

KOINONMAKAONnNAICNef2
Cista mystica with open
lid
;

from

it

issues a serpent
1-1

r.

AAIANAPy

Similar type.

KOINONMAKCAONIi N
Alexander on horseback, advancing r., with chlamys flying behind him in his
;

r.,

a spear.

11

JE

1-

AA6 lANAP^V
12

Similar type.

K o

NONMAKAONnNNn
;

Similar type
1-05

but horse at

full gallop.

AA6ZANAP0 V
13

Similar type.

KqiNONMAKAONf2NBN
Similar type, horse prancing Alexander's
;

r.

arm

is raised,

as

if

to

crown

horse.

1-

beneath horse, star of eight rays.

AAIAN APOV

Similar type.

KOINONMA KAONnNBN
The Emperor
in military attire, stand;

14

ing facing, head r. he rests with r. on inverted spear, and holds in 1., parazonium.
1-

AAIANAPOV
15

Similar type.

KOINONMAKA ONnNBNnK
Similar typo but head towards spear in 1., and parazonium in r.
;

1.,

yE

1-

IMPERIAL TIMES
Metal
g^^^

359

No.

Weight

Obverse

Bevebse

AAZAN [APOV]

Similar type.

[KOIN ON]MAKAONX2 N6I2KO

P
Two

tetrastyle temples turned inwards,

at right angles to each other; between

them, column, on the top of which, statue of the Emperor, standing, and holding spear.
16

JE

1-

beneath neck, serpent.

above, traces of agonistic urns

AAIANAP0V

Similar type.

KOINONMAKCAONUN
;

BNE

upon it, two Table with lion's feet agonistic urns, each containing a palm.
17

1-06

in field

r., star.

AAIANAP OV
18

Similar type.

KOINONM AKEA ONHNNC

11 Alexander 1., naked but for chlamys, which hangs over his shoulder, taming Bukephalas, who rears r.

1-05

beneath neck,

star.

[Plate sxiv. 18.]

AAIANAPOV
19

Similar type.

NONMAK AONnN
1.,

NE

Zeus Nikephoros seated

1.

leaning with

upon

sceptre.

1-06

AAEANAPOV
20

Similar type,

KOINON
Nike, driving biga
r.

BNJQK

1-05

beneath neck, serpent.

AAI ANAPOV
der' the Great
cuirass.
r.

Bust of Alexandiademed, wearing

KOINONMAKCAONJQNBN
Alexander r., naked but for Jfl K chlamys, which flies behind him, taming Bukephalas, who rears 1.

21

1-

AA lANAPOV

Bust of Alexander

KOI

NONMAKAONnMMr2

the Great 1., diademed, wearing cuirass and holding shield and spear.

Alexander on horseback, pranciug r., with r. hand raised, chlamys flying behind him.

22

1-

360

MACEDON UNDER THE ROMANS

Weicsht

Obverse

Reveese

AAZANAPoV

Head

of

Alexander

KOINO NMAKAON[nNB]
N6I2KO
P
tetrastyle temples turned inwards, placed at right angles to each other;

the Great r., wearing crested Athenian helmet, adorned with griiSn running r.

Two

23

above each, agonistic urn with palm between them, column, on the top of which, a statue of the Emperor, resting on spear and holding parazoninm.
1-

[Plate

xxiv.

19.]

Similar.

24

KOINONMAKAONnNBNnK0 Lion advancing above, club above club, OC [year 275 = a.d. 245-6].*
r.
;

1.;

1-

inscr., doubtful.

AAjiANAPOV
Similar type
bolt.
;

(reading upwards) beneath neck, thunder-

KOIMAKAONr2NBNEn

Table;

on which, agonistic urn containing pahn.

JE

-85

IMPERIAL COINAGE
Bronze
Claudius

Tl
26

KAAYAIOZ KAIZAP
1.,

Head

of Claudius

bare.

ZEBAZTOZ MAKEAONIIN

Macedonian

shield.

JE

-95

Nero

NEPI2N KAIZA[P]
27

Head

of

Nero

Similar.

1.,

bare.

1-

M. Aurelius

K
28

PAN T(0NIN[OC]
r,

Bust

M. Aurelius paludamentum.
of

wearing cuirass and

KOINONMA KeAONOJN Thunderbolt,

with four wings.

iE

1-

e date on coin witli the head T\T9^ shows that the year isareckimed according to of Philippus Senior (Mionnet, I *^^f pi. m. 2), the Era of AuEustus faO B Augustus [M B.C.;. Most of the bronze evidently belongs to the same late period.
SuJ
biippi. Hi in
)

IMPERIAL COINAGE DIUM

Mktal
Size

3GI

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

KAICAP ANTWNINOC
M. Aurelius
29
r.,

Head

of

Similar.

radiate.

.E

I-

Caracalla

AVKMAV PANTWSEINS
of youthful Caracalla
r.,

laur.,

Bust wearing

KOINONMA KCAONriN
naked but
ing
1.,

Zeus,

for olilaniys

on

1.

arm, stand1.,

cuirass

and paludamentum.

holding thunderbolt, and resting

at

on 30

sceptre;

his

feet

eagle

1.,

looking back.
1-

Severus Alexander

AVKMAVPCe BhPAAIAN KOIMAKAONIlNBNOKO Pallas Nikephoros seated

Bust of Sevei'us Alexander wearing cuirass and paludamentum; head laur.
r.,

A POC

PriN
1.

1.,

arm

resting

on

shield,

which

stands behind her.

31

JE

105

DIUM
As a Boman
Colonla.

Beonze

Tiberius

Tl

CAESA
bare.

Head

of Tiberius

COLONIAIVLDIEN9IS D D
Female figure sealed patera and sceptre.
inscr., obscure.
r.,

veiled,

holding

r.,

JE

-8

Gordian

III.

IMPCMANT GORDIANV5 Bust COLIVLD DENSIS D wearing cuirass and Gordian of

I

r.,
;

paludamentum
IE -95

head

laur.

Pallas standing 1-j holding patera and resting on spear; at her feet, on either side, a serpent 1.

[Plate xxv.

l.J

3 A

362

MACEDON UNDER THE

Metal
Size

ROMAJSTS

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eevebse

EDESSA*
Imperial Times

Bkonze

Caracalla

AVK M AVP ANTnNINOCV

AC C
Nf2

Bust of youthful Caracalla wearing paludamentum.

r.

laur.,

Nikeplioros seated cuirass, grasping parazonium with 1. shield behind cnirass; on farther side of her, goat ].; she is crowned from behind by the City, turreted and holding cornucopiae.
1.

Roma

on

1-05

Gordian

III.

AVTKMANTNIOC TOPAIANOC AC

{sic) Bust of Gordian r., laur., wearing cuirass and paludamentum. 1-

CAI
;

HN
Roma

Similar type,
seated on shield

without goat;

and

cuirass

Uity wears modius.

ATK- MTNIOC TOPAIANOC

(sic)

Similar type.

A CCA
;

Similar type,

-95

without goat; Roma seated on cuirass no shield City wears modius.

PELLA
Pella was for long the cuintal of Macedonia. Lilce other citic^. in the kinqdom, It stnck no money in its own name until after the overthrow of the monarchy by the Momans. 1 he type of the hull feeding refers to the old name o/ BouVouos. Ihat of Athena Allcis illustrates Livy xlii. 61.

After 168

B.C.

Beonze
Bust
r., with nebris; he has and short horn; at his shoulder, pedum.

of

Pan

pointed

TTEA

Athena Alkis
infield
r.,

r.

ear

A HZ

in field

1.,

/Of

113-

-8

border doubtful.

[Plate xxv, 2.]

*

For coins

of this city

under

its earlier

name

of Aogac, soe p. 267.

EDESSAPELLA
Metai.

363

No.

WEICiHT

Obverse

Beverse

Head

of Poseidon border of dots.

r.,

wearing

taeni-a

TTEA

Bull standing

r.

AHZ
psf
;

99-5
121-5

JE -75

beneath,

in front, Af, in front, traces of monogr.

-65

beneath, pSp

Head
99-

of Apollo

r.,

laur.

border of dots.

nEAAHZ

Lyi-e; in field

r.,

^ N<

<l>

JE

7
-7

SS-

^ M

-7

letters in field

r.,

oH

coin.

Similar.

TTEA

Tripod, with cover and holmos.

123-

AHS

-8

Head

of Pallas r., wearing crested Athenian helmet, adorned with griffin and foreparts of horses border of dots.
;

TTEA

Bull feeding

r.

AHZ

8
9

99-

1571211021-iO-

10
11

^ M M
JE

-75
-7

(no border visible.)

beneath,
(no border visible.)

K
r.

-7

beneath, plough

-75 -75
-7

beneath, beneath,
beneath,

[f]

in front,

AB
EK

12

13 14
15

84-

97-5
63-

M M M M

|jsf

in front, traces of in front, traces of in front,

i
|J

W
\^

-8

beneath,
beneath,

A?

-G5

in front, traces of

Head

of

Demeter, facing, veiled; border

TTEA

Bull feeding

r.

beneath,

A^

of dots.

AEZ
in front,

and ear
[Jf|]<

of corn.

16
17

141-

JE iE

-75
-7

119-5

in front, traces of monogr. 3 A 2

36t

MACEDON UNDER THE ROMANS

Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Oevekse

Eeveese

Imperial Times

Caracalla

MAVR ANTONINVS AV
of Caracalla
r.,

laur.,

Bust wearing cuirass

COIVLA VGPELLA
;

and paludamentum.

Pan, caked, seated 1. on rock holding his r. arm raised to Lis head, and leaning with his
1.

on syrinx.
in
1.

18

-8

pedum

hand

IMPCMAVP ANTONINVS COIVLAV 9P6LLA Similar

type.

Similar

19

JE

type.

-95
(No. 19
is

pierced.)

Julia

Mamaea

IVLIAMAMAEAAVG
Julia

Mamaea

r.,

draped,

Bust of wearing

COLIVLA VG PLLA
type
field
;

Pan holds pedum

1.

in

1.

Similar syrins in

20

stephane.
-95

[Plate xxv.

3.]

Sevems Alexander

IMPCMAVR9EVALEXAND
AVG
r.,

laur.,

Bust of SeA-erus Alexander wearing cuirass and paluda-

COL-IVL-A VG-PELLA
type
;

Similar

but

Pan

leans with

I.

arm upon

syrinx.

21

mentum.
1-05

Maxii:

CIVLVER MAXIMVS CAE^

Bust

of

Maximus

OLIVLA VG PELLA
type
;

Similar

r.,

bai'eheaded, wear-

but syrinx in

field

1.

ing cuh-ass and paludamentum.

1-

Gordian

III.

IMPCMANTGORDIANVSAVG COLIVL AV Bust of Gordian radiate,

r.,

PELLA
1.

Similar

wearing

type

cuirass

and paludamentum.

but Pan leans with

arm upon

7E

1-

syrinx.

PELLA STOBI
Metal
Size

365

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

IMPCMANTGORDIANVS
Similai',

COLIVL AVG PELLA

figure

Female

but head laur.

(the
1.

seated

City?), wearing modius, on throne; she holds her r.

hand
.. 1-

to her face.

[Plate xxv.

4.

Similar.

COLIVLA
figure,

VGPELLA
seated
1.
;

veiled,

Female on chair with

low back and lion's feet she holds r. hand to her face; 1. elbow rests on back of seat.
25

jE '95

MANT GORDIANVS

COLIVLA
type,

VGPCLLA

Similar

Similar type, but head radiate.

with

turi'eted head-dress instead

of veil.

26

1-

STOBI
Imperial Times

Julia

Domna

IVLIA Domna
JE -86

AVGV9TA
r.,

Bust

of

Julia

MVNIC 9TOB
1.,

Nike

facing,

head

di-aped.

holding wreath and palm.

Similar.

MVNIC
r.,

TO BE

Nike advancing

holding wreath and palm.

-95

Caracalla

M AVRE ANTON IN

Bust of

MVNI STOB

Nike, as above.

Caracalla
-85

r.,

laur.

iE -95

MAVRE ANTONIN

MVNIC 5TOB

AG M-AVR ANTONINVSpaluda- MVN type and

Similar,

CISTOBE

Similar, but

with

cuirass

1.

mentiim.

yE

1-

366

MACEDON

TUSTDEE

THE

ROMAJSTS

No.

THESSALONICA
Metal
Size

367

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reveese

Head

of Pallas

r.,

-weai-ing crested Atlie-

0EZZAA[O]

Bull feeding

r.

110-

7^

M M

nian lielmet, adorned with foreparts of horses border of dots,

;

NIKHX

-75

Head

of

Artemis

r.,

wearing stephane

[0]EZZAAO
[NJEIKEilN

Quiver,

border of dots.

10

53-

I&

-6

above, traces of nionogr.

beneath, INK

Similai".

[0]ESZA[AO]
[N]IKEjQN

Similar type.

11

51-5

-5

Head

of

Zens

r.,

laur.

0EZZA
AON KHZ
I

Bull galloping

r.

beneath,

/^

and

j;f

12

101-

-85

inscr., partly off coin; visible.

second monogr., not

13

131-5

-7

inscr., partly off coin

visible.

both monograms

Head
14
IOD-

of Zeus

r.,

laur.

border of dots.

O EZZ A A

[O N

K En N ]
r.

Eagle, with

closed wings, standing

-65

Similar type.

[O]

EZZAAO
I

N KHZ

Eagle, with open wings, standing r. on thunderbolt.

15

ISE-

-85

Head

of Pallas
;

v.,

wealing crested Corin-

[0]EZZA

A[0]

thian helmet

border of dots.

NIKHZ

Free horse gallopingr.

16 17

106-

M M ^

-75

beneath, palm-branch; above,

/^fand

"EJ

13580-7

beneath, caduceus

no monograms,

18
10

beneath, thunderbolt,
beneath, serpent.

lOl:'

-65

368

MACEDON UNDER THE ROMANS

Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obveese

Eeveese

/l/ter
Tlie late date

88

B.C.

of Nos. 16 and 17

is

shown by

their loeight.

Asses
Head
20
21
66of Janus, laur.
;

above,

border of

0EZZAA[O]

(in ex.)

Two

centam-s

dots.

JE

-65

prancing back to back, each bolding a myi-tle branch and wearing a chlamys.

64-

JE

-8

inscr., obscure.

Imperial

Times

Free horse walking

1.

GEZ ZAAO
NIKEI2

within wreath or ornamental

border.

-6

Free horse walking r. within which, star;

above,

crescent,

between

horse's

GEZ A AONIK

{sic)

within laurel-wreath.

23

forelegs,

-Y

-65

EHN

Nike I., on globe, holding wreath and palm border of dots.

;

ZAAO
NIKE
I2N

GEZ

within oak-wreath; border of

dots.

2-i

iE &

eCCAAO NIK(ON
City
dots.
r.,

Bust
;

turreted and draped

of the border of

KABI POC
dots.

Kabeiros standing 1., holding rhyton and hammer border of

;

25 26

iE

-9

inscr., obscure.

-8

[B.M.C,

p.

113 (47).J

GCCAAO
27

Similar.

NIKnN

KA

Bl

POC

Shnilar.

-9

GeCCAAO
the City
r.,

NIKH
veiled

Bust of the and turreted; border

KABI

PO C

Similar.

2>

of dots.
-S

[Plati;

x.w

.V]

THESSALONICA
Metal
Size

369

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Similar.

CAAO
NIK
29

0C

within laurel-wreath
of dots.

border

30
31

M ^
.E

-75 -85
-7

eCCAAO NIKH eCCA AON - eCC[A A]ON6IKH

UN

eeCCAAO
JE
-7

Nl

Similar.

eCCA AONI KnN

Similar

Imj)erial

Goinaije

Julius Caesar and Augustus

0OZ (in front)

r.,

Head of Julias Caesar

0EZZA AONIKEnCN]
Augustus
r.,

Head

of

laur.

bare.

33

^E

-8

underneath neck,
[Plate xxv. 6.]

3J,

-85

countermark,

N<

obscure.

OC
r.,

(behind)

Head

of Julius

Caesar

eCCA A ONIKnN

Simila

bare.

35

/E -85

Similar.

eeCCAAO

NIKEflN

Similar,

36

-75

uncertain countermark.

Similar.

OE

CEBACTOV

Similar.

37

yE

-8

3 B

370

MACEDON UNDER THE ROMANS

Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obvekse

Reverse

M. Antonius and Octavianus

The following
coins were

perhaps struck

in

honour of the victory at Philippi (42

B.C.).

GEZZAAONIKEflN
PIA[Z]
38

EAEYOE
r.

ANT AYT

KAI

AYT

Bust

of Libertas

Nike advancing
palm.

1.,

carrying wreatli and

^105

behind,

E
[Plate xxv.
7.]

Ari2NOOE
39

Head

of

Agono-

ANT
KAI

v^itbin a laurel- wreath.

thesia
-9

r.

Augustus

KAISAP 5:EBAZ[T0Z]
40

Head

of

Augustus
-95

r.,

bare.

EZ Z A A O NEIKEflN

within a laurel- wreath

KAIZAPZEB AZTOZ

Similar.

EZZ A AONI KEnN

above

within a laurel- wreath.

41

inscr., star.

Tiberius and Livia

Tl
42

KAIZAP [ZEBAZTOZ]
r.,

Head

0EZZAONIKE riNZ

of Tiberius

EBAZTH

laur.

Bust of Livia v., wearing stephane; draped and veiled.

[Plate xxv. 8.]

'9

Tl
43

KAIZA[P ZEBAjZTOZ

Inscr., obscure.

Similar.

Bust of Livia and wearing stephane.

r.,

draped

-86

Tiberius and Drusus

TIBEPIOZ KAIZAP
Tiberius
r.,

Head

of

0EZZAAONI
Drusus
r.,

KE[X1N]

Head

of

bare.

44

bare.

7['l

-85

[Plate xxv.

9.]

THESSALONICA
Metal
Size

371

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Caligala and Antonia

r45

KAIZAP ZEBAZ[TOZ]
1.,

Head

ANTHNIA ZEBAZTH0EZZA
Head
and
of

of Caligula

laur.

Antonia

1.,

wearing stephane

veiled.

-8

Claudius

[TIKA]AYAIOCKAICAPCEBAC
[TOC]
46 .E -95

Head

of

Claudius

1.,

bare.

OEZZA AONIKE
X2N

within oak- wreath.

Claudius and Britannicus

Tl

KAAYAIO[
1.,

Head

of

BP

NNI[KOC9C]CAAONl
Head
of

Claudius

bare.

KGXIN
bare.

Britannicus

1.,

-95

Tl
48

KAAYAIOC

K[

BPTANNIKOCeCCAAONIK
Similar wreath.
;

Similar.

the

whole within a laurel-

-9

uncertain countermark.

Nero

NePCO

KAICAP

Head

of

Nero

1.

OEXZA AONIKE
1 jvg

Above

an eagle, with holding wings, branch in its claws ; the whole within oak- wreath.
inscr.,

spread

49

-85

countermark,

0C

Similar type.

NZEBAZZTOZKAIZAP PX2MHZEBAZZTH0EZZAAO K EI2 N Roma, wearing short chiton,

N
I

50

1-1

countermark,

0C

standing facing, head towards r., leaning on inverted spear, and holding parazonium ; chlamys over 1. arm.

[Plate xxv. 10.]

Trajan

AICAP TPA
Trajan
r.,

Head

of

laur.

CAAO
NIK

eC

Above inscr., eagle with spread wings the whole in laurel;

wreath.

WN

51

-85

B 2

372

MACEDON UNDER THE ROMANS

Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obyekse

Eeveese

Commodus

AVTKMAVPKOM MANTIINCI eCCAAO NIKriN Bust of Commodus foot resting laur., her NON
r., r.,
1.

wearing cuirass and paludamentum.

52

writes

upon
1.

shield,

Nike standing on globe she which she supports

;

with her
1-1
inscr. obscure.

knee.

AVTKMAVPKOMMANT.
63

NON

Nl

0CCAAO NIKeHN
advancing
1.,

Nike,

Similar type.

carrying wreath and palm.

1-06

64

AVTKMAVPKOMMANTI2 Similar type. NON

-95

Nl

Similar (with

in inscr.

1 doubtful)

in front, crescent.

ANT
55

Head

of

Commodus

Similar (with

and (0)

but type

r.

r.,

laur.

1-

Septimius Severus

AYKACn CYHP
Septimius Severus
r.,
;

and paludamentum
66

- Bust of wearing cuirass head laur.

0CCAA ONIKnN
advanciug
1.,

Nike

carrying wreath and palm.

67

M M

1-

1-06

(0

ia inscr.)

Julia

Domna

lOVAIA
Julia

AOMNAC6
r.,

Bust of

Domna

di'aped.

0CCA[AONI] KnN
advancing palm.
1.,

holding

Kabeiros

Nike and

68

-95

lOYAIA
JE
-9

AOMNA

SimUartype.

eCCAAON
advancing
1,,

IK N Nike holding wreath and palm.

THESSALONICA
Metal
Size

373

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Similar type.

eeCCA AO
temple
facing,
;

Nl
left
;

KnN
wliich,

Distyle

within

60
61

M M

head and hammer.

Kabeiros he holds rhyton

-9

lOVAIA
l[OVAIA]

NA

-95

AOMN
Caracalla

AV
62

MAVP
r.,

ANTriNINOC
laur., beardless.

eCCA AONIKnN
advancing palm.
1.,

Head

of Caracalla

carrying

vsreath

Nike and

1-1

AV K M AVP AN-63

Similar.

eCCAA O NIKI2N
advancing on a pole.
r,

Nike

carrying a trophy fastened

M 11
AVKMAVP- ANTflNIN
of Caracalla
r.,

..

Bust
cuirass.

eeCCAAONI

KCriN

Nike

radiate,

wearing

advancing 1., holding Kabeiros (with rhyton and hammer) and palm.

64

JE 1-05

Geta

_ _

rT
r.,

Geta

Bust of wearing cuirass and paluda-

ACKAICAP

mentum.
65

head 1., clad in chiton and himation he holds rhyton and hammer.
facing,
;

AB IPOC

Kabeiros standing

-8

Elagabalua

NIKnN AVKMAVPANT nNiNOCyc eeCCAA O holding Kabeiros advancing

66

Nike
(with

Bust of Elagabalus paludamentum.

r.,

laur.,

wearing

1.,

rhyton and hammer) and palm.

-85

Similar'.

eCCCAA

Kabeiros ONIKflN he holds standing facing, head 1. rhyton and hammer; on either side of him, an anvil (or altar?), with horn;

like projection.

67

JE

-85

inscr,, partly off coin.

A
374

MACEDON UNDER THE ROMANS

Metai.
Size

No.

Weisht

Obverse

Reverse

Julia Maiuaea

lOVAIA
of Julia

MAM6A AVf
Mamaea
r.,

Bust wearing stephane,

e C CAAON

IKeriN

Nike

and draped.
68

advancing 1., holding Kabeiros (with rhyton and hammer) and palm.

JE

1-

Maximinus

AVKnOVOVhP MA.IMeiNOC ee ccAAO

Bust
69
/t:

Nl

KI2N

SimUar

of

cuirass

Maximinus r., laur., wearing and paludamentum.

type.

1-05

Maximus

lOVAOVHP MAIIMOCK6
Bust of Maximus r., head bare wears paludamentum.
70
;

eCCAA
standing

ONIKnN
facing,

he

head

1.

Kabeiros he holds

agonistic urn, with palm, and at his feet I., lighted altar;

hammer
r.,

anvil

with horn-like projection.

JE

-95

Gordian

III.

AVKMANT- rOPAIANOC
of

Bust

ee C CAAON

Gordian

r.,
;

71

paludamentum
1-

wearing cuirass head laur.

and

Nike KI2N advancing 1., holding Kabeu-os (with rhyton and hammer) and palm.
I

AVTKMANTflNIOCrOPAIA [eeCJCAA O NIKenNNEHKOP Similar type.

N OC
72

Apollo, naked, standing 1., holdiug Kabeiros and strung bow (with branch '?);
1.

in field
-9

and

r.,

RVQ

(No. 72

is

pierced.)

Similar.

eCCAAONIKnNnVeiA
Tripod, on which, five balls to 1. of tripod, uncertain object; to r., amphora.
;

73

1-

AVTKMANTN lOCrOPAIANOC eeCCA AON Similar type.

74

KIiN NenKOPUN

KA

Bl

PIA
Agonistic urn, containing palm,

-95

on urn,

TTVeiA

THESSALONICA
Metal
Size

375

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

AVTKMANTn rOPAIANOC

e6CCAAONIKflN NEflKOPriNTetrastyle temple, placed sideways.

Bust of Gordian i*., radiate, wearing cuirass and paludamentum.

75

1-05

AVTKMATNIOC
Similtu'.

TOPAIANOC

[eCC]AAONIKnNNei2 K O P 12 N Kabeiros standing facing,

head
r.,
1.,

holding rhyton and

1.,
;

hammer;
1.

at his feet

agonistic urn with

in field

hoi-n-like object

palm and r.,

nve
76

lA

JE

1-

AVTKMANXnNIOCrOPAl
ANOC
Similar.

CAAO
NIKIiN

ec

within laurel-wreath.

NenKfi
77

(sic)

pnN

1-

Philippus Senior

AVKMAIOV[A]<MAinnOC
of

Pliilippas

p.,

laur.,

Bust wearing cuirass

eCCAAONIKnNNnKOP
Tripod,
1.

on which,
Fl

five

balls

in field

and paludamentum.

and

r.,

ei Al
78

V A
B

JE

1(

No. 78

is

pierced.)

AVKMIOV<t>IAinnOC
type.

Similar

eCCAAON IKGHNNeiinvei A
r. Kabeiros (with rhyton and hammer) he stands of column, on the top of 1. in front which, lyre, which he holds with 1. around column twines serpent in front of Apollo, tripod, on which, five balls.

Apollo, naked, holding in

79*

-95

last part of inscr., partially off coin.

The coin figured on Plate Xxv. 11

will

be found described under Thessali, No.

16.

376

MACEDON
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eeveese

Barbarous Imitations op Macedonian Types

162'5

Imitation of type of tead of Artemis Tauropolos, within Macedonian shield. (See p. 354.)

Imitation of type of hoi'seman 1. ; neath, thunderbolt. (See p. 290.)

be-

1-15

[Plate xxv. 12.]

Imitation of type of head of Zeus (See p. 290.)

r.,

laur.

Imitation of type of horse

of

r.,
;

as

on coins

Audoleon

(see p.

348)

horse has

rider.

202-4

^95

inscr. fairly well reproduced.

SOUTHERN THRACE AENUS

Metal
Size

377

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eevbese

378

SOUTHERN COAST OF THRACE

Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Ebvbesb

BeONZE
Circa

300200

B.C.

Head

of

Hermes

1.,

-wearing wide petasos.

AIN lON
seated
1.,

Male

figure bearded, -wearing

-wreath, short chiton,

and high

boots,

72 -.5

leaning with 1. on sceptre; with extended r. he pours libation from patera (?).
-8

[Plate xxv. 15.

Head
105-5

of Zens

r.,

laur.

[A]

I
I

Between t-wo lines of agalma of Hermes

field r.,

inscr.,
r.
;

in

[O]
-85

caduceus.

After circa 190

B.C.

After the defeat of Antiochus the Great by the Scipios the

Eomans declared

Aenus

free.

Head

of Poseidon border of dots.

r.,

wearing

taenia

A N
I

Hermes standing 1., I 12 N naked but for talaria on ankles and chlamys over 1. arm; he holds purse and cadnceus in front, lighted altar.
;

101-

-9

beneath,

[^

Similar type.

AIN

WN
in

Hermes standing
for
1.

talaria

1., naked but on ankles and

chlamys on
r.

arm

he holds caduceus

200-

1-1

beneath, countermark, [Sj

Bust of Hermes r., bareheaded, wearing chlamys caduceus at shoulder border

;
;

A N
I

of dots.

10

.^O-o

JE

-75

I Asklepios (beardless ?) standing facing, head 1. he weal's himation and wreath, and leans with r. upon a staff, round -which a serpent twines border of dots.
; ;

nN

[Plate xxv. IC]

AENUS MARONLIIA
Weight

379

Metal
Size

No.

Obvebsb

Reverse

MARONEIA
Before
ciri;a

500

B.C.

Silver

Babylonic Standard

Ob ol*
Horse springing 1., its foi>efeet raised, its hind feet resting on the ground above,
;

Quadripartite incuse square.

pellet

beneath, spiral

line.

13-9

4
[Plate xxv. 17.]

Chra 500450
SlLVEE

B.C.

Phoenician Standard

Draclim

50
56-6

14

nSAM
1.,

horse

bridled

Forepart of prancing border of dots.

Shallow incuse square,

-within which, a border of dots enclosing a rain's head r.

Al

-8

[Plate xxv. 18-]

Circa

400350

B.C.

Fur

the chanije of

standard whipli tool place about the end of the

1*1.
its

fifth century,

see wider

Abchelaus nam/after

Maroneia ceased

to strike in its

own

submission to Philijj.

Silver

Persic
S
Horse, with loose rein, prancing
1.

Standard
t

ater

EPIK

AAA

IKPA TEOS
of

around

incuse square, within which, a linear square contain-*

the inner edge

an

ing a vine.
166-7

.R

-9

beneath, dog with bushy tail

1.

to

The attribution vol. i. CataJ. Cf the coin figured on p. 175 ..f the Berlin Possibly they are Macedomau. doubtful. Maroueia is, however,
*

of these pieces
_^

380

SOUTHERN COAST OF THRACE

No.

MARONEIA
Metal
Size

381

No.

Weight

Obverse

12

382

SOUTHERN COAST OF THRACE

Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

27 28 29

246-1

M
.R

1-25

T/ij

and
and and

/f

249-4

1-3

T?E

235-4

1-3

Barbarous imitation of above type.

Barbarous imitation of above type.

30

249-2

/R

]-3

Bronze

Head

of young wreath, of ivy ;

Dionysos

r.,

wearing

AIONYSOY ZHTHPOZ MAPHN

ITX2N
bunch
round his
Dionysos, naked,
r.
;

band across forehead.

1.,

holding

of grapes in

the narthex
I.

in

1.

and two stalks of chlamys wrapped

arm.

31

234-

1-05

in field

1.,

t^

Similar.

M A PH N
in fi-ont,
(No. 32
is

Tfl N
?

Similar type.

120-5

M
M
JE

-8

restruck.)

33
34

10073-

-75
-65

in front,

T?t

nothing visible in front.

ABDERA
SlLVEK
Circa

500460

B.C.

Ahclera, oyigmall// a colony of Clazomenae, loas recolonized from Teos circa Its coins follow tlie type, but not the standard, of those of Teos. The continuous fall in weight is remarkable.

544

B.C.

Phoenician Standard

Te tr adrachms
Griffin,

with rounded wings, seated 1., farther foreleg raised; behind, AEO; in front, cock 1. border of dots.
;

Shallow quadripartite incuse square.

234-3

Al 1-05
[Plate xxvi.
1.]

MARONEIAABDE RA
Metal
Size

883

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Similar
gi-iffin

type,

but

-wing

less

rounded
;

Similar,

rears with both forelegs

border
j

of dots.

2 3

233-3
226-3

M
.R

1-

above,

ASP A

no

ex. line.

1-

above, above, large pellet beneath, pecten-shell ex. line dotted.

; ;

HP O

[Plate

xxvi. 2.]

Drachm
GriiEn, with rounded wing (feathers not indicated), seated 1., with farther foreleg raised in front,
;

Similar.

TEAE

-6

Oii-ca

450

430

B.C.

In the early part of

this

period the tetradrachin was 8 or 10 grains heavier than

the later part.

in

Phoenician Standard

(reduced)

Tetradrachm
Griffin,

with pointed wing, border of dots.

rearing

1.

AP TE MilN

around three sides of a shallow incuse square, within which, on linear square containing kantharos fourth side, ivy-leaf.
;

223-9

l-Oo

[Plate xxvi.

3.]

Circa

408360

B.C.

In the Coins striich between 430 and 408 B.C. exhibit a further alteration in weight. about that time yet latter year Abdera came into the hands of the Athenians, and The another change of standard is noticeable, for which see under Aechelaus III. coinage ended ivhen the city passed under the sway of Philip II.
_

autonomous

Persic Standard
(a) Earlier Series

Triobols
Griffin, with pointed

wing, rearing

1.

[ABA HPI TE HN
linear

square,
r.,

written round within which, head of

Apollo
37-9

laur.

-65

beneath, traces of letters?

(No. 6
is

picrcerl.)

381

SOUTHERN COAST OF THRACE

Weight

No.

Metal
Size

Obverse

Eevekse

Griffin,

with pointed wing, recumbent

1.,

Similar.

farther foreleg raised.

31-7
.11

-65

[Eri]

[r]AYSANI[n]

inscr.,

hardly

visible.

(in ex.)

(b) Later Series

{Bediiced

Weight)

Tetra drachms

ABAH[P] ITEHN
lo6-9

Giiffin,

with pointed wing,

1.,

Head

of

Apollo

r.,

laur.

recumbent

farther

148-7

M M

foreleg raised.
-85
(I, off coin.)

En
(No. 9
is

[0]/v\HP0Y

1-

EriEYPH sirroY
pierced.)

Triobols
Similar.

Magistrate's name written round linear square, within which, head of Apollo,
laur.

10
11

37-8

36-7

M M

-56

(first

half of inscr., off coin.)

En
[En
Bronze
Circa

[rY]eo
AlO]

KAE OS

headh

-55

NY5 AA[oS]

400350
r.

B.C.

Griffin,

with pointed wings, recumbent

;

ABA
head

[HPI]
r.

TE UN

written around

on club
12
61-6

farther foreleg raised.

linear square, within which,

young male

JE

-6

[Plate xxvi.

4. J
I

Griffin,

with

pointed

wing,

seated

1.,

EPI

[EPM

n]NA KTOS

around

farther foreleg raised.

13

19-

quadripartite linear square, within each of the divisions of which, a pellet.

-45

A BAH [pijtun
14
80-

Similar type.

Or
square,

written around a linear within which, young male

head
-7

r.

Head

of Apollo

r.,

laur.

hair long.

ABAHPITHN
recumbent
1.,

(in

ex.)

Griflin

farther border doubtful.

foreleg

raised

15

122-5

/E 85-

(A rostruck coinp)

THRACIAN CHERSONESITS
Metai.
SiZB

385

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

36-3

M
jR

-5

37-6

-5

36-4

34-1

M M

-5

-5

386

THRACIAN CHERSONESUS
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

CARDIA
Gardia was originally a colony of Miletus, whence perhaps For coins possibly struck there before 400 B.C., see p. 386. destroyed by Lysimachus in 309 B.C.*
the

lion
city

type.

The

was

Circa

400309
Bronze

B.C.

Head
137-5
137-

of

Persephone
of corn
;

1.,

M M

and wreath
-8

wearing earring border of dots.

KAPAIA

Lion

1.,

gnawing a

javelin;

in ex., barleycorn.

-8

beside barleycorn, traces of star

COELA
Imperial Coinage

Trebonianus Gallus

IMPVIBTRIBGALLUSAV
of Trebonianus Gallus
r.,

laur.,

Bust wearing

AELMVNICIP
COEL

Wolf

r.,

suckling

twins.

cuirass

and paludamentum.

JE

-95

Gallienus

IMP
r.,

GALLIH
laur.

Head

of Gallienus

AELMOV
r.,
1.

Nl

CIPCOE
r.

Seilenos
;

naked,

extending

hand

over

shoulder, wine-skin.

2 3

JE

-9

-85

graffiti,

and

AELMOV

Nl

CICO
ff.

For regal coins attributed by MiiUer to Gardia, see Alexander the Great, Nos. 226

CARDIA SESTUS
Metal
Size

387

No.

Weiqht

Obverse

Rbveesb

LYSIMACHIA
2'his city

was

built by

Lysimachus after

the destruction
it

of Cardia.

It

was probably

one of his chief mints*

After his death

issued autonomous bronze coins.

Bronze
Circa

280220

B.C.

Head
109-

of

Demeter
of corn.

r.,

veiled,

and wearing

AYZI M A

Beneatli inscr., club

r.

all

wreath

XEHN

within wreath of barley.

JE

-85

SESTUS
Beonze

Circa

350

B.C.

Though Sesius was a place of importance in early times, it does not seem struci money of its own till a comparatively late epoch.

to

have

Head

of

Hermes

1.,

wearing wide

SA

Denieir seated

1.,

wearing tutulus
corn;
in
front,

plain border.
66-

and holding ears amphora.

[Plate xxvi.
6.]

of

-65

* See

under Lysimachus, Nos.

19

E.

and 98

ff.

3 D

-^

388

ISLANDS OF THEACE
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eeybbsb

Islands

of the

Theacian Ska

HEPHAESTIA (LEMNOS)
Bronze
Circa

280190

B.C.

The

folloiving wei-e prohabhj issued between the death of

Lysimachns and

of Antiochus the Great.

The head on

the Obv.

may possibly

the defeat be a portrait

of the latter hing.*

Beardless male head Ter.,

diademed.

H0AI

Rami.

-75

in front, traces of symbol.

Similar.

4>

Racing
fillet,

with
es-. JEl

torcli flaming, bound between caps of the Kabeiroi.

-75

in field

r.,

caduceus.

MYRINA (LEMNOS)
BSONZE
Circa

300

B.C.

Head
35-0

of

Pallas

r.,

wearing

ci-ested

AAYPI
branch.

Owl

facing;

in

field

r.,

olive-

Corinthian helmet.
-55

SAMOTHRACE
Bronze
Circa 300
B.C.

The

is

a symbol of

the cidt

(Pelasijic)

among

the

of Hermes, whose loorship assumed a jiccuUar forn Thracian islands. Cf. Hephaestia, No. 1.

Bnst of Hex-mes
l^etasos
;

r.,

wearing

close-fitting

ZAMoePAKHN
Ram
sianding
r.

leo-

over shoulder, chlamys about neck.

caduceus

ZEIPflNOZ TPIIIBOAO

-9

[Pr,ATE

XXYI. 7.]

Sec Holm, Qriec/i. Gesch.

iv.,

chap, xxvii., uott

S.

LEMNOS THASOS
Weight

Metal
SlZB

No.

Obverse

Reverse

Head
25-

of

Pallas

r.

weai'ing

crested

ZAM
behind,
coin.)

Forepart of

ram standing

r.

Corintliiau helmet.
-55

AKHP

(A pierced

THASOS
Silver
Ch-cu

550 4G3

B.C.

In type and weight the early coinage of Thasos should he compared with The island was hrought viider the sway that of the Orrescii and of Lete. of the Athenians hy Kimon circa 463 B.C.

Babylonic Standard

Staters
Itbyphallic satyr, bearded, running r., carrying in his arms a nymph clad in a long chiton the satyr's r. knee appeara to rest upon the ground, while the hair of both figures is long and indicated by
;

Quadripartite incuse square.

dots.

147-

-lb

fabric

lumpy.

Similar,

Similar.

168-G
148-

.R

-9

fabric

flat.

AX

-8

[Plate xxvi. 8.]

Circa

463411

B.C.

Under Athenian domination the style of the coins improved, while their weight gradually In 411 B.C. the estn.hlishment of an oligarchy was folloued decreased.
by a revolt

from Athens.

Stater

nymph wears bracelets Similar type hair of both figures indicated by streaming lines.
;

Similar.

127-

.^85
[Plate
xxvi. 9.]

Drachm
Ithyphallio satyr, bald, bearded, and with horse's tail, carrying in his arros a nymph clad in long chiton with diplois her hair gathered in a knot.
;

Quadripartite incuse square.

A\

-5

390

ISLAJSTDS

OF THRACE

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Ebvbbse

Circa 411

350

c.

The

revolt

was marlced by a change of types and standard. The coinage ceased when the island passed under the rule of Philip.

Phoenician Standard

Didrachm
Head
of bearded wreath of ivy.

Dionysos

1.,

wearing

OASION
knee,

Herakles kneeling r. on r. bending his bow to shoot he wears lion's skin about his head and shoulders, and a short skirt the whole
; ;

within a linear square.

104-9

-7

in field

r.,

|-P

Drachm
Similar.

Similar.
inscr., off coin

57-1

M.

-56

ia field

r.,

thunderbolt.

[Plate xxvi. 10.]

Trihe miobol
Satyr,

12-1

with long beard and horse's kneeling 1. on 1. knee, holding kantharos.

tail,

OA[S] II2N

Amphora
square.

in

incuse

-46

After circa 280

B.C.

The following were issued after

the death of
is

Lysimachus, of whose kingdom Thasos

formed part.

JSo.

considerably earlier than the others.

Bronze

Head

of

Demeter
of corn.

r.

wearing

veil

and

wreath

O A S ON
I

120-

Heads of the Dioskouroi * each wearing laureate pilos, surmounted by a star in field 1. and r., vine- branch.
jugate
r.,
;

-9

vulxlT,

?898)!p^i5''3'.

'""=''' MiinMdcr (in^Jahrhuch dcs KaU. Deutsclien Arch.

Instit..

THASOS
Metal
Size

391

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

10
11 12

6653-

.E -65

51-5
46-

M
/E

-65
-6

13

14

125-

M M

-95

15

125-

-75

16

392

ISLAJSTDS

OF THRACE

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Oevebsb

Reverse

Barbarous imitation of above type.

23

Barbarous imitation of above type.

2393

1-25

THOIVT A3H|-A0 OHAHOg in field X

I.,

[Pf.ATE XXVI. 12.]

21:

2i7'9

M
M

1-4

zvHzo
in field
1.,

ZI2VZOZ M

ozniz

25

237-9
259-7 226-8

1-4
1-3
1-5

letters, formless.

26
27

M
.il

(No. 25

18

pierced.)

Imperial Coinage

M. Aurelius

AYTOKPATflP
Head
of

ANTHNEINOC SACIflN
r.,

Herakles, naked, standing

;

M. Aurelius

laur.

facing,

over

1.

head 1. lie holds lion's skin arm, and leans vrith r. upon

28

club.
-75

[Plate xxvi. 13.]

EUROPEAN COAST OP THE PROPONTIS

No.

393

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Reverse

European Coast op tub Propontis

BYZANTIUM
Circa

400350

B.C.

there

The following is a specimen of the had been a local cniTcncy uf

^f",

earliest silver issue

iron.
is

the I'ltoeuieian standard,

n'liich

of Byzantium. Previously After circa 364 B.C. silcnr was struck on peculiar to Byzantine coins, is not unlilee

the

Cor inthi(Ui form of BSilver

Persic Standard

Drachm
X^Y
80-5

Heifer 1., standing upon dolphin (Id crossing the Bosporos?).*

Incuse square quartered (mill-sail pattern).

-6

[Plate

xxvi. 14.]

After circa 277

folloioing series

B.C.

probably began after the Byzantines bought off the Gauls, who The Coins with the types of Nos. 2 and 3 had systematically raided their territory. In the latter part of this period continued to be issued until at least 221 B.C. money was struck with regal types. See LYSiMACHas, Nos. 8, 9, 32.^.

SiLVEK

Phoenician Standard

T 61rad rachm s
Head
of

Demeter

r.,

veiled,

wearing
of corn.

vpY

earring,

necklace, and wreath

Poseidon seated r. on rocks, himation round knees, holding aplustre in extended r. and trident over 1.
shoulder; in ex.,

EPIC<l>OAPIA

212-6

M
M

1-

in field

r.,

[Plate
213-9
1-

xxvi.

15.
1.,

in field
I

SI

no

ex. line;

in inscr.

See J
article is

1890, pp. N. Svoronos, NoMrM"''A 'A.'ci^Ta (in Ephemeris, and Nicaea, Nos. 1-4. due the explanation of tho Rev. type of Byzantium
fF.).

69

To the same

394

EUROPEAN COAST OF THE PEOPONTIS

Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eevekse

Beonze

Head

of

Poseidon

r.,

wearing taenia.

Trident 1., ornamented -vritli t-wo f]/ dolphins above and below which,
;

112-

104-

^ M

En AIOZKOYP
I

-9

-9

(No. 5

is

pierced.)

Head
166-

of

Demeter

r.,

veiled

and wearing

BYIAN
in field
1.,

Comucopiae.

132-5

M M

wreath of corn.
1-

EniHPAK
;

-85

countermark, bunch of grapes.

in field

1.,

dolphin

traces of letters; countermark, in inscr.

Head
108-

of Apollo

1.,

laur.

BYIANTI

1-

nN

Obelisk on a round
in field
1.,

En MEN Ek
I

Dionysiac
ivy.

head

r.,

wearing

wreath of

BYZANT[inN]
1.,

Poseidon standing
r.

holding Nike in
1.,

and

trident in

1.

117-5

-85

countermark, helmet.

in field

Em
Aznni[OY]

[Plate

xxvi.

16.

First Century B.C., and later.

The majority of

the following belong to

andNos

V2ff. with Byzantme emblem.

No

Imperial Times. Gf. Nos 10 f. with No 25 which appears on Nos.' 10 and 11, was a It was adopted by the Turks on their capture of Constantinople.
34.

The

crescent,

Head
10
67-

of Artemis r., wearing stephane; at her shoulder, quiver ; border of dots!

BVZANTinN
which, star
;

Crescent; above border of dots.

-75

Bust of Artemis r. drapery about neck no stephane; at her shoulder, quiver

;

BVIAfTinN

Similar,

border of dots.
11
81-

JE

-86

in front, strung bow.

BYZANTIUM
Metal
Size

395

No.

Weight

Obversis

Kbvebse

12

96-

13 14
15

91TO-

16

17

SS-

18

21-

19

91-5

20

120-

21

145-

22

119-

396

EUROPEAN COAST OP THE PROPONTIS

Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eeveese

Imjjerial

Coinage

Faustina Junior

ANN<1)AVCTIN ACBACTH
Bust 23
of Faustina
r.,

draped.

niTVXHC nOAGJC BYSAN between TIWN Two tunny-fislies

1.
;

them, dolphin
1-

r.

Commodus and

Crispina

BPKPICniNACBAVT

KOMO AOC
Commodus
r.,

AAYPH

BYZANTII2Nni

Busts, face to face,

head bare, and wearing cuirass and paludamentum, and of

of
1.,

Hekafce running carrying two flaming torches, that in raised, that in 1. lowered.

KOYH

AIHONTI
1.,

r.

24

Crispina
1-16

draped.

Julia

Domna

lOVAl AAvr
25

Bust

of Julia

Domna

A NT
which
is

Crescent, within

r.,

draped.

star.

-8

Caracalla

AVTKMAVPH A NTX2NEINOC enXITAIAK AniTHAeiNOVBV Bust of Caracalla, radiate, AVr ZAN (around) TII2N (in ex.)
r.,
;

wearing cuirass and paludamentum.

The

26

wearing modius, standing r., holding cornacopiae -in 1., while with r. she hands agonistic urn with palm to
City,

1-6

Emperor standing
[Plate
xxvii.
l.J

1.

ANTHNEINOC AVrOVCTOC
Bust
over
1.

of

Caracalla

r.,

laur.,

wearing

CnTITAIAKAniTIl ACINOVAN

cuirass

and

aegis,

and holding spear

TUNCINIA

(ai-ound)
(in ex.)

shoulder.

BVZAN
TI12N

27

m,

1-35

Agonistic urn, inscribed

containing

palm, and

C6BACTA

AYTKMAYPHANTni^lNOC nTITAIAKAniTnAINOVBY AYr Bust of Caracalla radiate, (around)

r.,

28

iE 1-3

wearing cuirass and paludamentum.

ZAlTIIiN

(in ex.)

Emperor on horseback, pranciug

1.

(This coin has a raised rim on both sides.)

[Plate

xxvii.

2.]

BYZANTIUM
Metal
Size

397

No.

Wbisht

Obverse

Reverse

ANTflNINOC AVrOVCTOC EnAinOrTlKOV BVZANTinN

Bust
of

Caracal la

r.,

laur.,

-wearing

cuirass

and paludamentum.

Tyche, standing facing, head 1., wearing modius, and holding rudder and cornucopiae.

29

JE

1-2

Similar.

EniAinorriKovBVMANTinN
(sic)

fishes r.

Dolphin and 1.

1.,

between two tunny-

30

.E 1-05

Severus Alexander

AVTKMAVPCEV
AP[0]C AVr
shield.

AAEZAN EnMAVP<|)PONTrNOCKAIAIA
<I>HCTHC
(around)
(ill
.

Bust of Severus Alexander 1., radiate, wearing paludamentum, and armed with spear and

BVZAN
T[I]X2N

ex.)

Emperor on horse, prancing r., couched, chlamys flying behind.

(No. 31
is

spear

31

1-

pierced.)

Similar.

EnMAVP<l>PONTnNOCKAIAIAI
|)HCTHC
Emperor on
(around)
(in ex.)

BVZANTI

HN

horse, galloping

r.,

about
his

to spear a lion

which runs beneath

1-5

horse.

MAVPLE VHAAESANAPOC BVSANrinNEniBACAIMI LEVhPOV Nike standing holding Alexander

AVr

r.,

Bust of Severus wearing cuirass and paludamentum.

{sic)

1.,

wreath and palm in front, cippus, on which is a crested Corinthian helmet.

;

33

1-3

MAVPEEVHAA EZANAPOCA
Bust of Severus Alexander wearing paludamentum.
34
r.,

BVZANTIflN
bunch
of grapes

Viue-branch, with

laur.,

and two

leaves.

-8

Volusianus

AVTKrBEIBOVOAOCEtANOCA EniCAV PIKOVBVZANT

Bust
35
of

Volusianus

r.,

laur.,

wearing

cuirass
-9

and paludamentum.

Dolphin

r.,

between two tunny-fishes

1.

398

EUEOPBAN COAST OF THE PROPONTIS

Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Valerianus Senior

nAIKOVAAEPIANOCCE
of Valerianus
r.,

Bust

BY ZA NTinN
turned tow^ards vcreath and palm.
slightly

Nike
1.,

facing,

laur., Vfearing cuirass

holding

and palndamenfcum.
36

JE

95

BYZANTIUM AND CALCHEDON IN ALLIANCE

Beonze
Third Century
B.C.

Head
93-

of Poseidon

1.,

wearing taenia.

BYIAN
KAAXA
xxvii. 3.]

Prow

1.

-9

[Plate

Head

of

Demeter

r.,

veiled,

and wearing

wreath of corn.

BYIAN KAAXA

160130-

M M

Poseidon seated r. on rock, himation roand knees he holds aplustre in extended r., and in 1. trident over shoulder.

-95
-9

in field

r.,

22kA

BYZANTIUM AND NICAEA IN ALLIANCE

Imperial Coinage
Valerianus

nOVAIKOVAAEPIANOCCE
Bust
of Valerianus
1.,

NIKAIEflN

radiate,

wearing

cuirass and paludamentum, and armed with shield and spear.

OM
ON
Ol

BYZANTIfN

A
Two
torches of

"fish-basket" shape;
r.

between them, animal standing

(or

M M

-9

vase containing ears of corn

?).

1-

(Nos.

and 2 are pierced,)

BYZANTIUM PEEDTTHUS
Mbtal
Size

399

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Gallienns

NirAAAIHNOCCCB
of Gallienus
r.,

radiate,

Bust wearing cuirass

NIKAEilN BYZANTIXIN

OM
ON O
I

and paludamentum.

A
Similar type
;

between torctes, lighted

M M

altar ?

-95
-95

[Plate

xxvii. 4.J

nOVAIKErNrAAAIHNOCClEB NIKAIEHNBYSANTinNOMON
Similar.

O A
I

fislies

1.

Dolphin and r.

r.,

between two tunny-

-85

first

part of inscr., obscure.

PERINTHUS
Though Perinthus was a very ancient
settlement, its earliest coins
JVo. 31.

were of regal types.

See under Ltsimachus,

Bkonze
Under
the

Bomans

49-

Bast of Apollo 1., laur. in front, branch border of dots.

;

laurel-

PEPIN 0inN
5.

Lyre; border of dots.

-7

[Plate xxvii.

Busts

and Isis, jugate, r. Sarapis wears modius Isis, head-dress plain of horns, globe and plumes;
of

Sarapis

riEPINO

inN
;

Bull Apis

r.,

with

disc between horns

plain border.

95-

border.
-8

[Plate

xxvii.

6.]

Bust

of Sarapis

r.,

wearing modius; plain

riEPIN
standing

0IX2N
1.,

Harpocrates, naked,

border.

wearing on his head the lotus, raising his r. hand to his mouth, and holding cornucopias and ohlamys

on

r.

arm

border of dots.

-85

400

EUROPEAJSr COAST OF

THE PROPONTIS

No.

Wbight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Eeverse

Bust of Denieter r., veiled; in front, ears of corn border of dots.

;

Vase, containing poppy-head and ears of corn border of dots.

;

4
6

4647-

M M

-7

nEPi

NeinN

-55

nEPiN einN

TONK TICTHN
Herakles
83'
r.
;

Head

of bearded

rEPINeiHN
Humped

border of dots.

PUN

BNEI2KO
r.
;

bull standing

border of dots.

-85

[Plate

xxvii. 7.]

Imperial Coinage

Poppaea

nonnAiA ZEBAZTH
Poppaea
stephane.
r.

draped,

and

Bust of wearing

n
of

Head-dress of
globe,

Isis,

consistiog

horns,

and plumes, crossed

beneath by two ears of within wreath of olive.

com

the whole

-9

Domitian

AYTOKKAIXAPAOMfTIANOZ- HEP IN OinN

ZEBr
Head
of

Zeus seated

1.,

Domitian

r.,

laur.

leaning on sceptre, and holding patera

in extended
r.

JE 1-05

Trajan

AV-KAIN E TPAIA NOZZE riEPIN

BAZrE
Head
of Trajan r
laur.

D.N
holding

Homonoia
patera

1.,

standing, and cornucopiae.

and

1-3

AVKAINETPAIANOZZEBATE
Head
10
of

HE PI

Trajan

r.,

radiate.

Tyche standing 1., wearing modius, and holding rudder

NeiHN

and cornucopiae.
-85

Julia

Domna

lOYAIAA OMNACEB
Julia

Bust of

Domna

HEPIN eiflN NEXlKOPflN

Homonoia standing
and cornucopiae.
1.,

r.,

draped.

holding patera

11

-9

PERINTHUS
Metal
Size

401

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eevekse

Caraoalla

AYT K MAYP CeOVI-P AN OCAVr Bust of Cavacalla

...
laur.,

HEPINGI
Sarapis

N
].,

NEnK[0]PnN
wearing modius, 1., while with r.

r.,

standing

wearing cuirass, with Gorgon's head on bieastplate, and aegis on 1. shoulder, holding spear in 1.

and having sceptre in

he holds uncertain object.*

JE l-o5

AVT-

'

nNINOCAVr

K-

MAVPCeOVhP AIT n EPiNemNNE hkop

Similar.

riN

Caracalla in quadriga 1., holding patera and sceptre, on the top of which is an eagle; horses walking.

13

.E 1-65

AVPCeOVhP ANTriNIN
Bust of Caracalla r., laur., wearing cuirass and paludamentum.

TTEPI

OCAVr

N IHN N EHKOPflN

Two

temples at

each other; containing palms, beneath which,

right angles to above, two agonistic urns

AK

TiAnveiA
14

M 1-65

(No. 14 has been

gilt.)

AVTK- M AVP CEOVI-P ANTn NINOCAVr Similar.

15

Similar.

jE 1-65
(No- 15 has been tooled.)

Similar to No. 13.

nPiNeii2N

Similar

but agonistic
smaller,

NenKOPn
N

urns

much

and beneath them,

16

1-65

AKTIAHVei A

Similar.

nPiNei

nNNnKOP
HN
;

Herakles standing facing, naked but for he crowns lion's skin round 1. arm himself with r., and holds in 1. his club; behind him, a tree, from, which are suspended his bow and quiver; at
his feet
r.,

lighted altar, garlanded.

17

.E 1-5

[Plate

xxvii. 8.]

See rick. Die

AMu.

Milnzen Nordoriechenlands, Bd.

i.

p. 311,

note 3

VOL.

I.

402

EUROPEAN COAST OP THE PROPONTIS

Metal
Size

No.

Wkight

Obverse

Eeteese

Similar.

TTPINe

inN

PUN

N IIKO

Demeter and Homoiioia standing facing. Demeter on I., head r., holds in r. ears of corn, and in 1. long torch, on which she
leans
;

at her feet

1.,

cista mystica,

from

which issues serpent. Horaonoia on r., head 1., wearing modius, holds patera and cornucopiae; at her feet 1., altar.
18
Ji:i-65

MAYPHAAN TnNINOCKAl
19

nPINeiI2N
seated
1.,

youtMul Cai-acalla paludamentum head bare.

Bust
of
;

r.,

wearing

Zeus holding patera and leaning on

NnKOPn

sceptre.

1-

Geta

AVTHC EnrETACCE
Geta r., laxu'., paludamentum.
wearing

cuirass

Bust of and

<MAAAEA<I>EIA

HEPINGinN NEIlKOPn N

Herakles advancing r., naked but for lion's skin, which hangs from shoulders; high above his head he holds the Erymanthian boaj' which he is about to fling down before Eurystheus, who stands in circular vessel 1., raising his hands as

20

if

in fear.

1-55

[Plate

xxvii. 9.]

'

Acenrr tackaicap
of

Geta

r.,
:

mentum
21*

Bust wearing cuii-ass and paludahead bare.

nepiNGifiN NnKopn
Uionysos standing, three-quarter face towards 1., holding gi-apes and leaning

upon
-7

thyrsos.

Elagabalus

AVTKMAVPHA ANTflNEINOC HEPINeinNAI C Bust of Elagabalus AV~ laur.

r.,

NEflKOPXlN

22

Dionysos standing, as above; but thyrsos filleted at his feet, panther 1.

;

1-05

AVTKMAVPCEVH ANTHNEIN nEPiNeiriNAiCNEnKOPiiN OCAV Similar. Naked male figure (athlete?) facing,
23

head
1-1

r.,

dipping his

r.

aa-m into amphora.

than No;.'l2 ft
in 198 B.C.

tif.amos 'of ""tfXT'

ZeitS.
x^iii.,

^"''"'!'?' ^^^^'^^ ^'^'^^

i''

(iYm.

189]

pp^ ygfO

"^'"''""^'^ " ^' ^0.

^- 2<'. ^^ ^^ 19 ^^ earlier were probably instituted

PERINTHUS

403

Xo.

404

EUROPEAN COAST OP THE PROPONTIS

Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obvbksb

Eeveesb

Traiiquillina

CABEINIAT PANKVAAEINA
Bust of Tranquillina wearing stephane. 30
r.,

HEPINemN
Demeter

AlCNEflKO

draped

and

standing 1., veiled, holding ears of corn in r., and leaning with 1. on long torch.

-9

Similar.

nEPiNeiniM
scales

BNEnKOPHN
r.,

Winged Nemesis standing

and
bridle.

holding

-85

inscr. obscure.

DANUBIAlSr DISTRICT

405

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Beveese

The Danubian
DACIA

Distkiot

Imperial Coinage
Tlie

Era of Dacia
the
lice,

hegins

in

the

on

are the emhlems particularly No.

of
2,

summer of 246 A.D. The eagle and the the v. and the xiii. legions respectively. and cf the coins of Viminacium.

lion

See

Philippus Senior

IMPMIVLPHILIPPySAVG
Bust
of Philippus
r.,

PROyiNCIADACIA

radiate,

wearing

cuirass

and paludamentum.

Dacia 1., wearing Phrygian cap and long chiton holds in r. curved sword, in 1. standard on her r., eagle facing, looking up, holding wreath in beak on her 1., lion advancing 1.
; ;

-86

in ex.,

AN

Similar, but head laur.

Similar; but on standard in 1. is inscribed XIII, while in the groand to 1. is planted another standard inscribed V.
in ex.,

m, 1-05
[Plate

AN

II

xxvii.

10.]

.E 1-1

AN

III

(PROV INCIADA

CIA)

Otacilia Severa

MARCIAOTACIL lASEVERA PROVINCIADACIA between as on No.

AVG
Bust
of

Otacilia Severa

r.,

draped and wearing stephane.

Dacia standing and lion, holding curved sword and standard.

1,

eagle

1-1

in ex.,

AN

'
'

Trajanus Decius

IMPTRAIANVSDECIVSAVG
Bust of Trajanus wearing cuirass and paludamentum.
r.,

PROVIN C [lADACIA]
sceptre.

Dacia
;

Decius

laur.,

standing I. between eagle and lion she wears a crown, and holds branch and

1-0.5

in ex.,

AN

III!

406

DANUBTAN DISTRICT
Metal
Size

No.

Weisht

Obverse

Reveese

Herennia Etruscilla

HERETR[VSCI]LLAAVG
Herennia Etruscilla wearing stephane.
of
r.,

Bust draped and

PROVN
with
I

..

AD AC A
I

{sic,

omitted, and two confused letters

before
in ex,

A)
nil

Similar type.

JE 1-25

AN

Hostilianus

CVALHOSTMQVINTVSC
of Hostilianus
r.,

Bust head bare, wearing cuirass and paludamentum.

PROVIN CIADACIA
type.

Similar

511-

JE 1-2
(No. 7
is

in ex.,

AN V

2 of an inch in thickness.)

Volusianus

IMPCCVIBVOLVSIANVSAVG
Bust of Volusianus r., laur., wearing cuirass and paludamentum.

PROVI N C [IAD]ACIA
Similar type but Dacia wears Phrygian and holds curved sword and standard ; a standard planted in ground 1.
;

cap,

1-05

in ex.,

AN V

VIMINACIUM
Iiiqici-ial

Coinar/e,

The Era of Viiiihiacium begins in the autumn of 239 A.D. are the emblems of the vil. and iv. legions rcspertircJi/. A'o. 11, and cf the coins of Dacu.
Gordii a III.

The

hill

and

the

lion

See 2'articularlij

IMPCAESMANTGORDIANVS PMSCO LVIM

AVG
Head
of

Female %uie

Gordian

r.,

radiate.

(Moesia ?) facing, head 1., wearing long chiton, holding her hands over the heads of a bull and a lion, which stand
r.

and

1.

on either

side of her.

-85

in ex.,

AN

IMPCAESMANTGORDIANVS
Bust of Gordian r., laui-. wearing cuirass and paludamentum.

Similar.

AVG

1-2

in ex.,

AN

DACIAVIMINACIUM
Metal
Size

407

No.

Weight

Obverse

Keverse

Similai'.

PMSC OLVIM
in ex., in ex.,

Similar type,

iE iE

-95 1-2

'

head head

radiate.
laur.

AN

'

"

ANIII

IMPGORDIANVSPIVSFELAVG
Bust
of

Siniilar.

Goi'dian

i'.,

radiate,

wearing

cuii-ass

and paludameutum.
in ex.,

.E
.E

-9

ANIII

-ii

in ex.,

ANIII

Similar

bat head laur.

Similar.
in ex.,

l-lo

ANIIII

iE 1-2
[Plate xxvii. 11. J

Similar
9

but head radiate.

Similar.

10

M M

1-

in ex.,

ANIIII

-85

Similar.

RMS C O LVIM
inscribed

Similar type, but figure holds in her hands standards

1 1

and

1 1 1 1

respectively.

11

JE

-9

in ex.,

ANIIII

Philippus Senior

IMPMIVLPHILIPPVSAVG
of Philippus
r.,

Bust

PMSC OLVIM

Similar type.

laur.,

weai-ing cuirass

and paludamentum.
12

2E

1-1.5

in ex.,

ANV

IMPIVLPHILIPPVSPIVSFEL AVGP M Similar type; but head

13

Similar.

radiate.
-9

in ex.,

ANV

408

DANUBIAN DISTRICT
Metal
Size

No.

Weicsht

Obverse

Reverse

IMPMIVLPHILIPPVSAVG
Similar type
;

Similar.

head laur.
in ex., in ex., in ex.,
in ex.,

14
15 16 17

M M

1-2

ANVI

1-15 1-15
1-1

ANVI

M
M

ANVIII
ANVIIII

IMPMIVLPHILIPPVSAVG
Bust of Philippus r., laur., wearing cuirass and paludamentum.
18

Similar.

1-1

in ex.,

AN

XI

Trajanus Decius

IMPCAESCMESQDECIVSPF PMSC OLVIM

AVG
laur.,

Bust of Trajanus Decius r., wearing cuirass and paluda-

mentum.
19

Similar type but Lolds branch and sceptre, on the top of which stands a Nike 1. cariyiiig wreath and palm.
;

figure

1-2

in ex.,

ANXI

Similar.

Similar but figure holds nothing in her hands.

;

20

1-1

in ex.,

ANXI

Hostilianus

CVALHOSTMQVINTVSCAE PMSC OLVIM Bust of Hostilianus

head bare, wearing cuirass and paludamentum.
r.,

Similai' type.

21

1-

in ex.,

ANXI

22

1-05

Trebonianus Gallus

IMPCGALLV^PFELIXAVG
of Gallus
r.,

laur.,

Bust wearing cuirass and

Similar.

paludamentum.
23 24

JE JH

1-1

in ex.,
-95

ANXI

VIMINACIUM CALLATTA
Metal
Size

409

No.

Weight

Obverse

REVKU8E

Volusianus

IMPCCVIBVOLVSIANVSAVG
Bnst of 25 26
Volusianus
r.,

Similar.

laur.,

wearing
in ex.,

M M

cuiiuiss

and paludamentum.

1-05
1-1

AN

XII
XIII

(IMPCAECVIBVOLVSIANO
AVG)

in ex.,

AN

Aemilianus

IMPCMAEMILAEMILIANVSA
Bust of Aemilianus r., laur., wearing cuirass and paludamentum.

Similar.

-9

in ex.,

AN XIV

Valerianus

IMPVALERIANVSPAVG
of Valerianus
r., laur.,

Bust wearing cuirass

Similar.

and paludamentum.
23

in ex.,
1-

AN

XVI

CALLATIA
See also under Lysimachus, No. 10.

Beoszb
Third Century
B.C.

Head

of

yoMg

Herakles

r.,

wearing

(t>IA

Club

r.

wreath.
54-

KAA
poor condition
;

rim

slightly raised.

-65

Imperial Coinage
Caracalla

AV K MAVP- anthnino c laur,, wearmg

Bust
of

Artemis, in KAAAAT lANflN endromides, running

short chiton and
r.,

Caracalla

r.,

cuii-ass

and paludamentum.

bow

chlamys flying behind her; in r., a with 1. she plucks arrow from
; ;

quiver at her shoulder

in field

r.,

m
vol..
I.

i'05
*

On

this

value-mark, see

p. 417.

3 G

410

DANUBIAN DISTRICT
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eeveese

Similar.

KAA A A TIA NflN

facing,
altar

Eagle

MM
Gordian

head r., wings open, standing on between two standard.s.

111.

AVTKMANTrOPAIANOCAVr KAAAA T
Gordian r., laur., cuirass and paludamentum.

lANflN

Sarapis seated
;

Bust

of

wearing

on throne, extended with

1.
;

wearing modius r. 1. he leans on sceptre

at his feet, Cerberus.

1-1

in field

1.,

DIONYSOPOLIS
Imperial Coinage

Gordian

III.

ANTWNIOC- rOPAIANOE AT AVT K M

AlONVCOCn] OAITHN
standing
patera.
r.,

feeding

serpent

Hygieia out of

face to face, of Gordian r., wearing cuirass and paludamentum, and of Sarapis 1., wearing
laur.,

Busts,

modius.

11

in field

1.,

ST

RDS

Silver
Tlie Ohv. type of the coins of Isirvs probably refers to the cult of the Dioslcowoi. Aos. 1 and 2 apj^iear to be Phoenician staters, and to date from circa 400350 B.C., u-hlle Xo. 3 is an Aajinetic drachm, and slightly later.

Two young male

facing, one of

heads,

them

side inverted.

by

side,

1ST PI H
standing
1.

Sea-eagle, with closed wings,

I.,

on dolphin with his beak.

beneath eagle's
tail,
<|)

and

tearing

it

104-3

M
^R
.R

-9

1037
H.vr,

-75

[Pr.ATE
-7

XXVII.

12.]
tail,

beneath eagle's
traces of

beneath dolphin,

CALLATIA iMARCIANOPOLLS
No.

411

Weight

Metal
Size

Obvekse

Hevekse

MARCIANOPOLIS
'/"/''"''

<I?'u"T, lujer^or, 0/ Moc.u,

wU

"/''''' "'^""^ <" ''' J?""-, '' 's '/'< of the Eomau governor was maaJUj of eonsrdar ranlc (i^ar^.s'), though on at least 0} injenor standing (-f/yefAw'), as on No. 9.*

hn]^)erlul

Coinage

Septimius Sevei-us

AYKACn CYHPOCn

Bust

of Septimius Severus r., laur., wearing cuirass and paludamentam.

VKFENTIANOV
TTOAITI2N

MAPKIANO

1-1

Tyche standing 1., wearing modius, and holding rudder and cornucopiae.

AVKA
type.
1-

CVHPOC

Similar

_ _J <|)AOVATTI

1., wearing modius, and holding cornucopiae in I.

NOTTO

ANOV
Homonoia

MAPKIA

.i]

r.

hand, obliterated.

AVAcenri cevHPoc
type.

Similar

MAPKIANO TTOAITHN
1.,

Tyohe wearing modius, and holding rudder

and cornucopiae.

.E

-Sc

AV

A C CVHPO

Similar

type.

MAPKIANO nOAITIlN
Homonoia
1., wearing modius, holding patera and cornucopiae.

and

-6

Caracalla

ANTIININO Cni
Bust of Caracalla
r.,

OC

VHKVNTIAIA NOVMAPKIANO
AIT
{sic)

laur.

n
;

1-

Zeus, naked, standing r., holding patera and sceptre at his feet 1,, eagle.

ANTHNINOC HIOC AVrOVC VHKVNTIAIANO VMAPKIANO Similar type. TOC no A T 12

Homonoia 1., wearing modius, holding patera and cornucopiae, standing before flaming and garlanded altar.
.^
1-

'

* Foi full treatment of the questions connected with the magistrates' coins, see Dr. B. Pick in JVttM. Zeitschr., vol. x.xiii. (1891), pp. 32 ff.

names on the following

3 G 2

412

DANUBIAN DISTRICT
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Cai'acalla

and Julia

Domna
Demeter standing

ANT nNINOCAY[rOYCT]OC VnKVNTIAIANOVM APKIANO

lOVAl
Caracalla

A
r.,

laur.,

Busts, face to face, of wearing cuirass and

TTOAITI2N
holding ears of

1.,

com and

sceptre.

paludamentum, and of Julia

draped.

Domna

1.,

JE 11

above, traces of

[A]ONNA
(No. 7
is

in field
pierced.)

1.,

Elagabalus

AVTKMAVPHAI ANTHNEINOC VniOVAANTCEAE VKOVMAP Bust of Elagabalus laur. Nemesis holding K AN OTTO
r.,
I

I.,

scales

and

staff

at her feet

1.,

wheel.

JE

1-

in ex., traces of

AITX2N

Severus Alexander

AVT[KMAVPC]EVH

APOC

AAEZAN

r.,

laur.,

Bust of Severus Alexander wearing cuirass and paluda-

mentum.

HT^MTEPEBENTINOV MAPKIA NOnOAl T rN

Homonoia
copiae.
1.,

holding patera and cornu-

1-

AVTKMAVP CEVH AAEZAN VnTIBIOVA<I>HCTOVMAKIA

APOC

Similar

type,

without

N OTTO A XrN
I

Similar type.

cuirass

and paludamentum.

10

-95

Similar, with cuirass

and paludamentum.

_ _ HCTOVMAKIANO
TTOAITI2N
open, beak.

head

1.,

Eagle facing, wings holding wreath in its

11

.E

1-

Similar, without

ia inscr.

vn<MP<t>iAonAnT

NOTTOAIT
12

ovmapkia
1.,

Homonoia

holding

patera and cornucopiae.

2E 1-05

Gordian III.

AVTKMANTrOPAIANOC
Bust
13
of

Gordian

r.,

laur.,

_ _ wearing

MAPKIAN
Homonoia
1.,

OTTOAITHN
and

cuirass

and paludamentum.

1-05

wearing modius, holding patera and cornucopiae.

A
MARCIANOPOLIS-^NICOPOLIS AD ISTRUM
Metal
Size

413

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reveese

Goi-dian III.

and Tranquillina
I

AVTKMANTrOPAIANOEAV" VHTEPT^AAAIANOVM A PK NOnOA TPANKVA T AINA

,

Gordian r., laur., wearing of cuirass and paludamentum, and Tranquillina 1., draped, and wearing
Busts of
stephane.
14

n
N

Homonoia
copiae
in field
;

holding patera and cornuat her feet 1., altar ?

1.,

.E 1-1

1.,

NICOPOLIS AD ISTRUM
The magistrate who appears on the coins of afterioards the names are those of
CoiintioJns is the legate of
the governors

Thrace;

of Moesia*

Commodus

AV TKAIMAPAVPH KOMOAOC
Head
of

Commodus

r.,

laur.

NIKon POCICTP Asklepios PoY IA

.

- KAIKC and Hygieia

'facing; Asklepios on
staff,

r., head 1., holds round which serpent twines Hygieia on 1., head r., holds patera, from which another serpent feeds.

1-05

[Plate

xxvii.

13.]

Septimius Severus

CVHPOC
r.,

laur.,

Bust of Severus wearing cuirass and paluda-

NIKOnOA[l nPOCI]CTP
Tripod, round which ser^Dent twines.

mentum.
-65

_ _

KA

- -

CEVHPOC

Similar,

NIKOnOAl nPOCICTP
r.,

Hygieia

feeding serpent out of patera.

-65

inscr., obscure.

AVKAICE CEVHPOC

Similar.

[N K]
I

OnOAITHNnPOCCICTP]

Crescent, within which, star.

-65

AVKAICE
Severus
r.,

CEVHPOC
laur.

Head

of

NIKOnOAl nPOCICTP
as huntress,
r.,

Artemis,

running r., holding bow in and with 1. drawing arrow from

quiver.

JE

-7

* Dr. B. Pick,

Num.

Zeitschr., xxiii., 1891, pp. 33

f.

414

DANUBIAN DISTRICT
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Heverse

AVKA CEVHPOC
JE -75

Similar.

NiKonoAinpocic
serpent, with head erect
r.

Coiled

no K

visible.

Similar.

NIKOnOAITHNnPOCI
type.

Similar

-75

Julia

Domna

lOVAIAAO
Julia stephane.
of

MNACBA
r.,

Bust
wearing

NIKOnOAIT IlNnPOCICT
;

Domna

draped,

Pallas facing, head r., helmeted she leans with r. upon inverted spear, and lays her 1. on shield, which rests on a pedestal.

.E

-85

Geta

A CEHTIMI

rTAC

KAICAP

Bust of Geta r., head bare, wearing cuirass and paludamentum.

-jrAAAOVNEIKOnOAimN
TTPOC[
his
tz-ee
1.
;

arm leaniug on
in his
r.,

.E 1-05

Apollo Sauroktonos r., the trunk of a an arrow.

[Plate

xxvit.

14.

Macrinus

AVTKMOnEAA[ICV] MAKPEI

NOC

VnCTAAONriNOVNIKOnOAl
TI2NTTPOCI
ing
1.,

Bust

of

Macrinus

r.,

laur.,

10

^11

wearing cuirass and paludamentum.

Apollo, naked, standholding laurel-branch and bow.

AVTKMOnAA CVMAKPI
NOC
Similar type.
11

Same

inscr. Warrior standing 1., helmeted he rests his r. on his shield, and leans with 1. upon inverted spear.
;

-E 1-05

first

part of inscr., obscure.

AVT..OneACV
Bust
12
-E
1-

of

Macrinus

r.,

laur.

MA..6INOC VnCTAAON n N OCICT

]TTP

Similar
type.

AVTKMOnACV MA
Bust
of

cuirass

Macrinus r., laur., wearing and paludamentum.

vnCTAAONTINOVN IKOHOAI
TI2NTTPOCIC
r.,

Hermes standing

13

holding purse and caduoeus; chlamys over 1. arm.

1-05

NICOPOLIS AD ISTRUM

415

Xo.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

He VERSE

AVTKMOnCA C6VHMAKPI VHCTAAON PI NOVN KOnO

I

N OC

Similar type.

AITXlNnPOC

c
1.,

14

Apollo, naked, standing patera and branch.

holding

1-05

AVTKMOneAA CtVMAKPI.
Similar type.

VnCTAAONTI N OV[N] KOnO AITflNnP ociCTPn

I

Zeus seated leaning upon

15

1.,

holding

patera,

and

sceptre.

11

Diadumenianus

MOHEAAIA AOVMENIANOC VnCTAAOtsriNVNIKOnOAl Asklepios facing,

Bust of Diadumenianus r., bead bare, wearing cuirass and paludamentum.

TUNTTPOCI

head

1., leaning on serpent twines.

staff,

round which

16

1-

Gordian

III.

AVTKMANTr OPAIANOCAVT VnCABMOACT

Gordian r., laur., cuirass and paludamentum.

[_

ilN

Bust

of

weaiing

npocic

o
Similar type.
17
i

11

AVTKM

ANTI2 TOPAIANOC

VnCABMOACTOVN
AeiTHNnp
c

nO

Similar type.

T p o
N
OCI

18

1-06

Similar type.

OPAIANOC VnCABM AVTKMANTr type. nPOCICTPON

AVr
Similar
19

Tetrastyle temple, within which, statue of godde.ss 1., holding cornucopiae.

11

416

DANUBIAN DISTRICT
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

AVTKMANXr OPAIANOCAVF VnCABMOACTOVN [IKOnO

Similar type.

AiTjrNrpoc
I

c
Nemesis
20
1.,

copiae
1-1

at

holding staff and cornuher feet, wheel,

TOMIS
Bronze
Before

Roman Dominion
Lysimachus, Nos. 11-13.

For gold prohably

struclc at

Tomis

at this time see

Head

of

Poseidon

r.,

wearing taenia.

TOM
all

Eagle r. beneath, within oak-wreath.

I
;

ZK

130-

7K

-9

countermark, small head (of Hermes

?) r.

Period of Roman Dotiunion.

TOMOC KTICTHC
male bust r., diademed draped border of dots.
; ;

Young
shoulders

TOMITIiN
Herakles
1.

Head

of

bearded

-7?.

KTICTHCTOMOC
head
r.,

Young male

TOM
upon

p.

diademed

border of dots.

"standing 1. skin round

club,

Bearded Herakles naked but for lion's leans with r. hand 1. arm and holds in extended 1.
he
is
;

patera; boi'der of dots.

-65

[Plate xxvii. 15.]

Head

of

Demeter
;

r.,

veiled,

wearing

TO
TO)
xxviii.

A\

Two

wreath of corn

border of dots.

N
1.]

ears of corn upright border of dots.

-65

beneath,

AflOACO

[Plate

TOMIS

417

Ko.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Revebse

Imperial Coinage

The

letters

AC,

Euxhie

toimis are

B, F, A. AC, and E om the Bev. of the coins of this and other marks of value iuiJlcKting li, 2, 3, 4, 4|, and 5 aaaapia respectively. They point to the existence of an important Monetary League*
Mai'cus Aurelius

Bust

of

M.

Aui-elius, laur.,

r.

MHTPOnoN TOVTOM
fi'ont, tripod-lebes
;

D.
;

Apollo 1., naked bat for chlamys round 1. arm, holding brancli and bow in
in field
r.,

-8

traces of inscr.

[Plate

xxviii.

2.]

Plaiitilla

nAAVTIAAACB
r.,

Bust

of

MHTPOn O TOMnC
advancing
in field
1.,

Nike

Plautilla

draped.

r.,

holding wreath and palm

-9

Geta

n CnTt rTAC

young

Geta r., head bare, cuirass and paludamentum.

Bust of wearing

MHTP HON

Mf2C

Artemis standing r., with drawn bow; in field 1., traces quiver on shoulder
;

of

T?
3.]

-95

[Plate

xxviii.

Julia

Mamaea

rOVAIA MAMAIAAVr
Julia

Bust of

Mamaea,

r.,

draped.

MHTPOnON TOVTOMEnC short chiton and

Artemis, clad in endromides, running
r.,

holding in

1.

bow

with

r.,

drawing
1.,

arrow from

quiver; in field

-95

Maximinus

AVTMAI M NOCEVCEBKAV- MHTPOnONT oVToMEfT. Military figure facing, wearing helmet wearing
I
I

Maximinus, laur., cuirass and paludamentum.

Bust
of

r.,

and cuirass head towards 1. he leans on spear with 1. and rests r. on shield
;

in field

1.,

A
B. Pick, in

JE 1-05
* See Prof. P. 1891, pp. 41 ff.

Gardner in Jfm. Ghron., 18V6, pp. 307

ff.,

and Dr.

num.
3

Zeiischr.,

'

418

DANUBIAN DISTRICT
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Revebse

Gordian

III.

AVTKMANTr OPAIAN
Bust
Gordian r., laur., wearing cuirass and paludamentum.
of

MHTPOnON TOVTOM
Enc
Kybele seated ]., holding in r. patera, and leaning with 1. elbow on tympanum; on either side of her, lion 1. in field 1.,
;

10

traces of

1-05

AVTKMANT
type.

Similar

MHTPOnONTOVT
Hygieia
patera
;

OMEfiC
serpent

r.,

feeding
1.,

out

of

11

in field

1-1

AVTKMANTr OPAIANOCA/
Siinilar type.

MHTPOnON [TOVTOME]

Military figure facing, wearing helmet

and cuirass head towards 1. he leans on spear with 1., and rests r. on shield;
;

12

in field
1-

1.,

ODESSUS
Tlie
'

mighty god

late times there

of Odessus loas doubtless oriijiaallij a Hellenic divinity, though in been a tendency to identify him with Sarapis* For other coins of this toton, see under Alexandbk the Gkbat, Nos. 67 and 68.
'

may hare

Second Century
Silver

B.C.

Attic

Standard

(reduced)

Tetradrachm
Bearded male head
r.,

wearing taenia;

hair falling in lank locks.

EOYM EPA AOY

OAHZITI2N
;

The mfghty god

'

232-2

of Odessus standing 1., draped, and holding patera and cornucopiae beneath,

1-35

KYPZA

[Plate

xxviii. 4.]

* See Dr. B. Pick, ThraUsche MilnMldor, pp. 155

ff.

TOMIS -ANCHIALUS

419

No.

Weight

Metal
Size

Obverse

Kevebse

Imperial

(.'uiniujc

Antoninus Pius

AAPIAANTIlNeiNOC OAHCC6
C6BAC
laur., r.

First
'

six

letters

of

Head

of

Antoninus Pius,

on a base, on which the mighty god of Odessus recumbent 1. he leans 1. arm on a cushion, and holds patera and cornu-

TriN

inscr.
'

copiae

at his feet, uncertain object.

-65

[Plate

xxviii.

5.]

Caracalla

AVKMAVPC6VI-POC ANTHISE
I

NO

OAHCC

Bust

of

Caracalla

r.,

laur.

The 'mighty ITX2N god' of Odessus standing 1., draped, and wearing modius he holds patera and
;

cornucopiae; at his feet

1.,

a lighted altar.

.E 1-05
[Cf. B.M.C., p. 138
(13).

Severus Alexander

MAYPAAe
JE

ZANAPOC
r.,

Bust

OAHCC

EITflN

Similar type.

head bare, of Severus Alexander wearing cuirass and paludamentum.

h
Gordian
III.

ANTHNIOCrOPAIANOC AVTKM
Busts, face to Sarapis; Gordian
cuirass
face, of
r.,

OAHCC
1.,

El

THN

Sarapis standing
raises
r.
1.

wearing modius, he

hand

Gordian and wearing laur.,

1.,

and holds sceptre transversely in

and paludamentum; Sarapis

wearing modius, with shoulder draped, and cornucopiae at 1. shoulder.

1-05
in field
1.,

ANCHIALUS
Imperial Coinage
Anchialus,
v^ill

other towns, received the

title

of

OVAHIA

in honour of Trajan.

Septimius Severus

AVTKC
cuirass

- -

CEVHPOCnE
r.,

of Septimius Severus

laur.,

Bust wearing

OVATTIAC ATXIAAV
seated
1.,

Sarapis

and paludamentum.

patera Cerberus.

wearing modias, and holding feet, his at and sceptre

;

TKC,

doubtful.

[Plate

xxvjii.

6.]

11

420

DANUBIAN DISTRICT

No.

ANCHIALUS MESEMBRIA
Metal
Size

421

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Iiiiperhil

Coinuijc

Septimius Severus

AVKACTT
cuirass

CVHPOCn
laiu'., r.,

of Septimius Severus,

Bust weariBg

AHOAA UN

ENTTONXn

HT

I2N
;

and paludamentum.

Tetrastyle temple, facing between the two central pillars, figure of divinity, standing with crossed legs, leaning in the with r. arm upon pillar (?) pediment, small circular ornament.
;

1-05

[Plate The famous statue

319), 30 that
it is

xxviii.

7.

of

ApoUo by Kalamia was

;

carried

off

to

Rome by

Luonllus (Strabo,

very doubtful whether it can be connected with the Rev. type of this coin. The figure here is turned to 1. otherwise, its pose recalls that of the Apollo Sauroktouos it I do not, however, feel sure that it is Apollo at all on the Rev. of Nicopolis, No. 9. may be Artemis wearing short chiton, and having quiver on 1. shoulder.
;

MESEMBRTA
Circa

450

350
on
the

B.C.

The form of

the sibilant

which

appears

coins of this city.

For JR struck here at a Alexander the Geeat, No.

Silver

Bev. of No. 1 is pec/diur later date see under

77.

to

the

Attic Standard?

Diob
Crested helmet, facing.

ol

AAETA

between the four spokes of a wheel, surrounded by converging lines or rays.

18-1

-4

(A pierced coin.)

[Plate

xxviii. 8.]

Imperial Coinage

Philippus (Senior or Junior?) and Otacilia

AVTMIOVA<t>IAinnOLMW
TCBt-PA

MCAMBP

lANriN

Demeter

1.

holding ears of corn and long sceptre.

CB
Busts of Philippus and Otacilia, facing; Philippus r., laur., and wearing cuirass and paludamentum Otacilia 1., wearing
;

stephane, and draped.

1-

422

THE TAURIC CHERSONESDS

Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obveese

Eeveese

The Tauric Cueesonesus

CHERRONESUS
This

town stood near the site of Sehasiopol. The coin-types popularity of the cult of Artemis in the district.

illustyate

the

Fourth Century

B.C.

Bkonzb
Quadi-iga
r.,

who

liolds

galloping, driven by Artemis, whip in r. and reins in 1.

XEP
self

Naked

warrior,
1.,
;

wearing conical

helmet, kneeling

and sheltering himhis spear lowered.

behind shield

lU-

-8

[B.M.C.,

p,

(5).]

After circa 300 B.C.

Silver

Uncertain
Head
(of Ai-temis ?)
r.,

Denominations

wearing wreath of

XEP

(traces of, in field r.)

Artemis

I.,

laurel.

kneeling on prostrate stag, which she pierces with a spear in her 1., behind her, a strung
chiton,
;

wearing

short

bow
49-

at shoulder, quiver.

m. -75
(No. 2
is

beneath,
pierced.)

EYPYAAMOY

[Plate

xxviii. 9.]

Head

of

shoulder,

Artemis r., diademed bow and quiver.

at

her

Similar type, of late style.

3*

60-5

-65

infieldr,

AHMHT
been
cast.

PIOY

Combes

* Of doubtful authenticity. It looks as Descriptio (Tab. 67, xviii).

if

it

may have

It

was OBsraved

in

CHERRONESUS PANTICAPAEUM
Metal
Size

423

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reversis

PANTICAPAEUM
Fifth Centitnj B.C.
,

Silver

Phoenician Drachm
47-

Lion's scalp fucing.

I

Incuse square, divided by diagonal

lines.

-6

[Plate

xxviii. 10.]

Circa 350 B.C.

raniicnpneum

drcio

almndance of gold from

the Urals,

whence locrhaiJS

the exceptional weight of its staters.

Gold

Euboic -Attic Standard

'

(raised)

Slater

Head

of

ivy-leaves

bearded Pan 1., crowned with and berries.

A
P
r.

Griffin,

with horns and

1.,

lion's

head, advancing
;

forepaw

holds in his his feet, ear of barley

and raising he shows full face, and mouth a lance; beneath

1.

140-8

^r -75 [Plate xxvin. 11.]

Silver

Phoenician Drachm
Head
54-3
of bearded Pan, three-quarter face
1.

A
r

Head

of ox

1.

toward
/R -65

[B.M.C,

p. 5 (6).]

Bronze

Head
100-

of bearded

Pan

r.

A
r*

N
(20).

Forepart of running beneath, sturgeon

griffin
1.

1.

-8

[B.M.C,

p.

On

Beitriige xur amtiken Nwiiismatik Siidrusslands

Apollonia, see Giol, Eleine the attribution of such coins to Panticapaeum instead of to (Moscow, 1886), pp. 20 ff.

424

THE TAURIC CHERSONESDS

Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obvekse

Revekse

After circd 300

B.C.

Bronze

31-5

Young male head

-45

r.,

bound with diadem.

[Plate

TTAN

in

a plain

field.

xxviii. 12.]

Head

of Apollo r., laur. arranged in formal curls.

hair

long,

riAN
riAl

TIK[A]

Tn[Nj
tliyrsos
;

filleted

Tripod-lebes, against which leans a in fields r. and 1.,

117-

traces of
-8

monograms.

Similar type
61-

border of dots.

riANTIKA
nAITXi[N]

Stern of vessel;
of dots.

border

-75

Similar tj^je
75-

bair plaited.

riANTIKA

Pegasos

1.,

feeding; border

-75

CnAIJTnN

of dots.

THRACIAN KINGS AND DYNASTS

425

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Thracian

Kings

and

Dynasts

UNCERTAIN DYNAST
Before circa 400 B.C.?

Free horse prancing

58-5

1.

Eagle flying upvsrards holding a serpent in

its talons.

-65

[Plate

xxviii.

13.]

This coin was assigned by Combe to Chalcis, obviously on account of the Rev. type. Imhoof-Blumer {Zeitschr. fur Numism., 1874, p. 323) suggested Sparadocus (dynast of Thrace, The type of the free horse occurs in combination with that of the eagle and circa 430 B.C.). of Olyuthus (B.M.C. Macedon, p. 87), and there is now in the British serpent on the Museum a coin with the name of Sparadocus, bearing the same types.*

LYSIMACHUS
323281
For
B.C.

the first 17 years of his rc'njn Liisimachns struck coins in the names of He did not begin to^ issue money AlexiiuiUr the Great and Philip Aridaciis. in his own name till after his adoption of the title jiaaiXtvi in 306 B.C.

After 306

B.C.

SiLVEK

Enboic -Attic

Standard

Draclmis
Head
*
t

of

yonng Herakles

r.,

wearing

lion's

AYZIMAXOY
beneath
seated
leg
1.

BAZIAEilZ
his
1.

(title

skin.

Zeus Aetophoros throne) on throne without back, his r.

drawn back behind

forepart
;

6J.-9

in front,
-7

of

lion

1.,

and

within wreath
(Cf. Miiller, No. 8.)

beneath throne, p^<

* Mr G F Hill however, would rather attribute the Hunter coin to South6s(ctVca 424 B.C.), Num. the coin of Seuthes published comparing the style of the Obv. with that of the horse on Rev. seems too advanced for the fifth century. Chron., 1892, PI. i. 5. To me the style of the been adopted as in dealing + In dealing with the money of Lysimaohus, the same principle has limitations (for which see p 2^6 footnote), with the money of Alexander the Groat. With certain his Munzen des Thrakischen that ot Miiller the arrangement will be found to correspond with which reference is made throughout. Ki-mifjs Lysimachus (Copenhagen, 1858), to

426

THRACIAN KINGS AND DYNASTS

Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eeverse

64-6

.R

-75

in

front, forepart

of

lion

1.,

and

beneath throne, i^p

(Cf. Muller,

No.

11.)

Al

-7

in

front,

beneath
griffin
1.

forepart of lion 1., and |v] ; throne, head and neck of

[Plate
59-3

xxviii.

14.

yR

-75

border of dots

in front, forepart of

horns
(Mailer, No. 20.)

1.;

Hon I. and crescent with beneath 'throne, pentagram.

63-

M
M

-75

border of dots.

similar

to

pi-eceding,
<|>

but,

in

place

of

crescent,
(Muller, No. 21.)

62-0

-75

border of dots.

insor. diiSerently arrang-ed

in front, fore-

part of Pegasos 1.. and forepart of lion 1. ; beneath throne, ilaming torch.
(Muller, No. 24.)

of Alexander the Great, loere struck at imitated by succeeding generations. In Bi/zantium and the cities of the Euxine t\ey continued to he issued till the middle of the First Century B.C. Nos. 12 14, for instance, are of the time of Mithradates the Great.

The

numsrous

coins of Lysimaclius, like those mints, and iiwre largely

Gold

Euboic -Attic Standard

Staters
Head
Alexander the Great* diademed, and having ram's horn.
of

BAZIAEHZ AYZIMAXoY
rests
(lion's

Pallas Nikephoros seated L on throne -with lion's feet her lance leans against her r. shoulder, and her 1. arm
;

on shield with uncertain device head ?).

130-8

-8

no symbols or monograms.
>

Similar type.

Similar; in ex., ornamented trident

in front,
ITT ; shield, lion's

1.

132-6

-8

beneath throne, head ?

BY

on

[Plate

xxviii.

16.]

(Cf. Miiller, No. 151

[Byzantmm].)

* Contrary to the vie-nr generally accepted. Dr. von Sallet regards this as the head of Lysimachus, his reason being that it occurs on the coins of Lysiniachia. See Berlin Catal., 1. Imhoof-Bliimor (Portriitkopfe, p. 17) believes it may occasionally be the head of p. 302. Lysimachus.

LYSIMACHUS
Metal
Size

427

No.

Wei&ht

Obverse

Reverse

128-6

-85

in

front,
shield,

(
?).

human

beneath throne, BY; on face surrounded by rays

(Gorgon
(Miiller,

No, 171 [Byzantium].)

10

130-3

.V -75

in

beneath throne, front, > device on shield, uncertain.

;

KAA

(Cf. Miiller,

No. 258 [Callatia].)

11

130-8

A'

-sst

in

front,

shield, Gorgon's

beneath throne, head on aegis.

TO

on

(Miiller,

No. 270 [Tomi].)

127-2

Ji -85

in

front,

OEM;

on
(Miiller,

shield, star-like

beneath throne, ornament.

TO;

No. 273 [Tomi].)

13

128-2

J^

-8

in front,

AIO

on
(Miiller,

shield, star-like

beneath throne, ornament.

TO:

No. 277 [Tomi].)

126-4

Ji

-8

in front,

beneath throne, IZ

device

on
(Miiller,

shield, uncertain.

No. 284 [letria].)

Similar type.

BAZIAEnZ AYZIMAXOY
in front,

Similar type;
trident.
shield, lion's head.

no

15

129-9

N'

-8

^
X
5

on

(Miiller,

No. 483 [Uncertain].)

16

130-4

-7

in front,

on

shield, lion's

head

(Miiller,

No. 508 [Uncertain],)

device on shield, uncertain.

17

131-4

J^ -75
(Miiller,

in front, /^f

No. 518 [Uncertain].)

Barbarous imitation of above type.

18
02-2
A^ -85

Barbarous imitation of above insor. and type, -with trident 1. underneath.

[Plate

xxviii.

16.]

428

THRACIAN KINGS AND DYNASTS

No.

LYSIMACHUS
Metal
Size

429

No.

Weight

Obverse

RjBVEBSE

28

262-8

.R ]-2r

29

260-9

Al 1-25

30

261-6

1-25

31

261-4

.R 1-25

32

261-6

1-35

33

430

THRACIAN KINGS AND DYNASTS

No.

LTSIMACHUS
Metal
Size

431

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

50

264-

Al 12

border of dots.
(Miillor,

similar, with addition of

in front.

No. 302 [Uncertain Thraoian].)

51

261-

.R

1-2

border of dots.

in front, |VE lion's head.

^^

ex.,

on

shield,

(Cf. Miiller, No. 314 [Uncertain Thraoian].)

52

260-6

1-15

border of dots.
(Miiller,

in front, flo-wer No. 331 [Traelium].)

on

shield, lion's head.

53

261-3

.R 115

border of dots.

in front, star of eight rays, shield, lion's head.

and

hP

on

(MuUer, No. 339 [Urauopolis].

pierced coin.)

54

257-3

JR.

115

no border.

in front, eagle
(MiUIer, No. 342 [Aphytis].)

r.

on

shield, lion's head.

55

255-8

^ 1-15

border of dots.

in

front,

aplustre,

and HP;

on

shield,

lion's head.

(Miiller,

No. 356 [Uncertain Macedonian].)

56

265-1

1-15

border of dots.

beneath throne, in front, -$ and f?! in ex., ear of corn 1. ; on club r. shield, lion's head.
; ;

(Cf. Miiller,

No. 371 [Heraclea ad Pontum].)

57

257-7

JR

1-25

no border.

in front,

AN

in ex., ear of

com

1.

and
rays

on shield, series of radiating from circle in centre.

(Cf. Miiller, No. 376 [Calchedon].)

KAAXA;

58

257-9

1-25

border of dots.

in front, ffl,

and crescent with boms

1.

on
(Miiller,

shield, lion's head.

No. 392 [Sigeum].)

59

262-7

1-3

border of dots.

in front,
1.
;

in ex., crescent with horns

on

shield, lion's head.

(Miiller,

No. 399 [Sigeum].)

similar; but in front, H-*

60

257-8

.R

1-2

border of dots.
(Miiller,

No. 401 [Sigeum].)

432

THRACIAN KINGS AND DYNASTS

No.

LYSIMACHUS
Metal
Size

433

No.

Weioht

Obverse

Reverse

72

267-G

.R

1-2

border of dots.

in

front,

racing-torch

behind,

bee up-

wards

on

shield, lion's head.

(Of. Miiller, No. 445a [Chrysaoria].)

73

261'8

Al 1-15

no border.
(Miiller,

in front,

>

on

shield, lion's head.

No. 479 [Uncertain].)

74

260-4

.11

1-1

border of dots.

similar

but

^
;

75

259-8

.R 115

no border.

in front,

|VE

on

shield, lion's head.

(Cf. Miiller, No. 484 [Uncertain].)

76

261-8

1-2

no border.

in front, head.

[;^ and

on

shield,

lion's

(Miiller,

No. 492 [Uncertain].)

77

258-8

JR 1-15

no border.
(Miiller,

in front,

3<

on

shield, lion's head.

No. 5.W [Uncertain].)

in front,

261-4

.'R

1-15

no border.

device on shield, doubtful.

(Cf. Miiller, No. 534 [Uncertain].)

79

250-2

115

no border.

in

front,

in

ex.,

^
;

device

on

shield, doubtful.

(No. 79

is

pierced.)

80

263-7

.^l

1-2

border of dots.

in front, |^ lion's head.

No. 542 [Uncertain].)
in

behind, HH*

on

shield,

(Miiller,

81

262-4

.R

1-2

border of dots.

behind, front, f? Gorgon's head on aegis.

;

on

shield,

(Miiller,

No. 548 [Uncertain].)

in front,

82

259-1

M
JR

1-15

no border.
(A pierced coin.
Miiller,

J^

on shield,

lion's head.

No. 550 [Uncertain].)

in front,

83

263-1

1-2

no border.
(Miiller,

>

on

shield, lion's head.

No. 553 [Uncertain].)

in front,

84

261-3

1-2

no border.
(Miiller,

on

shield, lion's head.

No. 560 [Uncertain].)

^ ^

434

THRACIAN KINGS AND DYNASTS

Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obvekse

Reverse

Similaa- type

border of dots.

B AZ A EIIZ AYZIMAXOY
I

Similar type.

85

263-

11
[Plate

on

shield, lion's head.

xxviii. 20.

Similar type.

Similar
above,

Pallas holds spear in

in front,

1.

86

253-

1-25

A 0X2 N;
1

ithyphallic

horned satyr 1., with r. hand raised, and grasping pedum in I. in ex., ornamented trident 1. device on shield, uncertain (probably Gorgon's head).
; ;

[Plate xxix.

1.]

Similar type

border of dots.

Similar
in

spear as usual.

87

260-5

JR

1-3

front,

in ex., jf^
(No. 87
is

^on and
, ;

club

do-wnwards

shield, lion's head.

pierced.)

Similar type.

Similar.

263-2

.R

1-2

in

front,
1.
;

[<,

in

ex.,

ear of corn

and ithyphalUc term on shield, 1.

;

lion's head.

[Plate xxix. 2.]

Drachms
Head
of Alexander the Great r., diademed and having ram's horn border of dots.
;

BAZIAEnZ AYZIMAXoY
in front,

Pallas Nikephoros in same attitude as on tetradi-achms.

89

66-4

M
M M

-75

bow

ajid quiver

on

shield, lion's

head?
(Miiller,

No. 296 [Uncertain Thracian].)

as preceding.

90 91*

64-8

-75

62-

-7

(AYZIMAX[0Y]
;

inverted
;

and

retro-

grade spear omitted) on shield, human face.

in front,

[Plate
* Probably false
:

xxix. 3.]
of Miiller, Nu. 34i (Dium).

an imitation

LYSIMACHUS
Mktal
Size

435

Ko.

Wbight

Obverse

Ekveese

92

64-8

Ai

-75

in front, lyre
lion's head.

on throne,

on

sliield,

(Miiller,

No. 355 [Uncertain Macedonian].) similar

93

64-2

M M

-7

but on throne, uncertain mono-

gram.
-7

94

64-4

spear omitted

in front, spear-head down-

wards
head.

on throne,

on

shield, lion's

[Plate xxix.

4.]

Beomzb

Head

r.,

wearing Phrygian helmet

plain

border.

A YEIMAXOY BA ZIAEI2Z
round
shield,

Trophy, consisting.
of crested helmet, cross-

and spear placed

9&

113-

wise.
1-

Similar.

Similar.

96

120-

-75

in field

1.,

flower

in field

r.,

[Plate

xxix. 5.]

(Gf. Miiller, No. 332 [Traelium].)

Head

of Pallas
;

r.,

wearing crested Athe-

nian helmet 97
86-

border of dots.

AYZI M AXOY
to
1.

BAZIAEHZ

Lion

running

r.

beneath, spear-head ?

r.

77-5

^ M
M

-7

of spear-head, /SA

-75

on helmet, traces of

letter ?
(Miiller,

No. 74 [Lysimachia].)

99

78-

-7

on helmet, traces

of letter ?

to

1.

of spear-head,

T?

and PJ

(Cf. Miiller, No. 81 [LyBimachia].)

Similar.

BAZIAEnZ AYZIMAXOY

Forepart of lion

r.

behind, 1 ; beneath, spear-head ?

r.

ICO

38-5

-6

(Miiller,

No. 73 [LyBimachia].)
3 K 2

436

THRACIAN KINGS AND DTNASTS

Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eeveese

SCOSTOCOS
dira 300
SiLVEE
B.C.

Euboic-Attic Standard
T etr ad
Head
of Alexander the Great
r.

achm

diademed

and having ram's horn.

AYXIMAX'Y
attitude
in

BAZIAEI2Z
as

Pallas
of

seated

on coins
;

Nikephoros 1., in same Lysimachus

;

front, ithypliallic

ZK ZT K Y
head.

term 1. in ex., on shield, lion's

236-S

^l

1-2

[Plate xxix.

6.]

COSON*
Circa 42
B.C.

Gold

Euboic-Attic

Standard

Staters

KOZflN

131-3

M
AT

(in ex.) The first consul L. Brutus, advancing 1., in civic costume before and behind, a lictor 1., with fasces over shoulder ; border of dots.

Eagle

1.,

Tcreath in raised

standing upon sceptre, holding a r. claw; border of dots.

-76

126-3

-8

in front,

^
[B.M.a,
p.

208

(1).J

-"^"^ "* (Berlin Catal., ii,, n i^,P^'view:"cusos eos imperante Bndo p. 23) assigns these coins to Macedon. Adopting Jickhels in urbe quapiam Graeca Cosone operi praefecto" he suggests that Ooson may possibly have been a Roman official. Dr. Pick also believes them to be

Macedonian.

SCOSTOCOS RHOEMETALCES
Metal
Size

I.

4.37

No.

Weight

Obverse

Revkrse

RHOEMETALCES
Bron/.e

I.

11

B.C.

12

A.D.

This

Icing

was under

the protection
is in all

The small head on the Bev. of No. 4 of Augustus. probahility that of his son, Gotijs IV.

KAIZAPOZ
of

ZEBAZTOV
r.,

Head

BAZIAEI2Z POIMHTAAKOY
Heads
of

Augustus

bare.

Rhoemetalces and his wife

r.,

jugate, the king diademed.

1-

KAIZAPOZ ZEBAZTOV AVTO KPATOPOZ Similar type.

Similar.

-95

inscr., obscure,

but probably has

KAIZAPOZ ZEBAZTOY

Similar

BAZIAEnZ POIMHTAAKOY
Head
of

type.
-75

Rhoemetalces

r.,

diademed.

KAIZAPOZZ EBAZTOY
Augustus
r.,

Head

of

Similar.

laur.

in front, Capricorn

with globe between forefeet.

-85

KAIZAPOZZE BAZTOY

Similar; but behind Capricorn, cornucopiae.

BAZIAEnZ
;

POIMHTAAKOV
r.

Similar type in front, small head on king's neck, obscure monogram.

-8

[Plate xxix. 7.]

438

'INLA.ND CITIES

OF THRACE

No.

BIZYA DBULTUM
Metal
Size

439

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Severus Alexander

IMPCMAVRSEVALEXANDAVG COLFLPA CDEVLT

Bust of Severus Alexander r., laur., wearing cuirass and paludamentum. .E
-9

naked,

facing,
1.

chlamys over and caduceus.

Hermes, head 1. he carries arm, and holds purse

;

Julia

Mamaea

IVLIAMA
jE -85

MAEAAVG
r.,

Bust of

COLFLPA CDEVLT
;

Julia Mamaea stephane.

draped, and wearing

Nemesis L, holding cornucopiae in 1.; her r. hand raised to her lips at her feet 1., wheel.

Maximinus

IMPMAXIMINVSPIVSAVG
Bust
of

COLFLPAC
DEVLT

Wolf

r.,

suckling

Maximinus

r.,

laur.,

wearing

twins.

cuii-ass

and paludamentum.

JE

-9."

Gordian

III.

IMPCGORDIANVSPIVSAVG COLFL naked,

Bust of Gordian r., radiate, wearing cuirass and paludamentum.

PA CDEVLT
facing,
1.
;

chlamys over and caduceus.

Hermes, he carries head 1. arm, and holds purse

1-

Tranquillina

FLP SABTRANQVI LLINAAVG COL Enyo?) (or and

Bust of Tranquillina wearing stephane.
r.,

EVLT

Pallas

draped,

in attitude of defence; she holds shield in raised 1., and prepares to hurl javelin with r.
r.,

JE

-9

[Plate

sxix. 10.]

SABTRANLQVILLI N]AAVG c and

Bust of Tranquillina wearing stephane.
1.,

Aphrodite standing
attitude
of

draped,

Venus

the 1., in the Mediceau at her feet 1., a

-7

[Plate xxix. 11.]

440

INLAND CITIES OF THRACE

Metal
Size

No.

Weioht

Obverse

Reverse

Philippus Senior

IVLPHILIPPVSAVG
r.,

Bust

COLFLP A CDEVLT
r.,

Marsyas

of Philippus

radiate, wearing cuirass

witH

r.
1.

hand raised
shoulder.

carries wine-

and paludamentum,
JE -85

skin over

IMPMIVL PHILIPPVSAVG
of Pliilippus
r.,

radiate,

Bust wearing cuirass

COLFLPA
shield.

.DEVLT
;

Pallas,

and paludamentum.

helmeted, facing, head 1. she leans on spear with ]., while r. rests on top of

-86

Otacilia

MAPCIAOTAC
(sic)

ILSEVHRAAIG
r.,

10

Bust of Octacilia wearing stephane.

-9

draped, and

OLPACD VLT

Wolf

r.,

suckKng

twins.

HADRIANOPOLIS
Imperial Coinage

Faustina Junior

0AVCTEINA CEBACTH
of Faustina
r.,

Bust

AAPIANOn OAEITHN
1.,

Tyche

di-aped, hair in knot.

wearing modius

holds rndder and

m,

-85

cornucopiae.

Caracalla

AVTK MAVPCEVH _
Head
JE
1-

of Caracalla

AAPIANO nOALEITilN]
Asklepios r., leaning upon long round which serpent twines.
stafE,

r.,

laur.

Inscr.,

illegible.

Head

of

Caracalla

r.,

laur.

AAPIAN [OnOAEIT]nN
of grapes.

Bunch

.E

-65

DEULTUMHADRIANOPOLIS
Weight

441

Metal
Size

No.

Obverse

Reverse

Gets

nocEnxi TETACK
head bare.

Similar type;

AAPIANOnO

AEITfiN
r.,

Thanatos, winged, standing with 1. upon inverted torch.

leaning

-6

AVTKnCEnr MIOCrETAC

AAPIAN O n OAITHN
1.,

Nike

Bust of Geta r., laur., weat-ing and paludamentum.

1-05

cuirass

holding wreath and palm.

HTrETACK

(sic)

Similar

AAPIAN O
within which,

AITIIN

Crescent,

type.

star.

-65

Gordian

111.

Sarapis AVTKMANTrOPAIANOCAV AAPIAN O nOAEIXrN hand; he

Bust of Gordian r., wearing and paludamentum head laur.

;

cuirass

standing 1., with raised r. wears modius, and holds sceptre transversely.

1-05

AVTKMANT rOPAIANOCAT
Similar type.

AAPIA N OnOAE ITU N

;

Sarapis, wear-

ing modius,

seated 1., holding patera, and leaning upon sceptre at his feet, Cerberus.

1-1

AVTKMANXrO
Similar type.

PAIANOCAV

AAPIANOTTO AITI2N
naked,
;

Hermes,

he holds in r., standing 1. purse, and in 1., caduceus and chlamys.

105

AVTKMANTfi TOPAIANOC
/\\r
Similar type.

AAPIANOTTO A Tn[N]

Herakles,

naked

r.,

kneeling upon stag, which he holds by the horns.

(No. 10
is

10

.E

1-

pierced.)

[Plate

xxix.

12.]

AVTK[MANT] TOPAIANOCAT AAPIA

Similar type.

River-god (Tonzos or Hebros), bearded, recumbent 1., holding reeds and rudder, and resting upon vase, from which water flows.

A El TOM

TTO

11

.-E

l-Oo

442

INLAND CITIES OF THRACE

No.

HADRIANOPOLIS PHILIPrOPOLIS
Metal
Size

443

No.

Weisht

Obverse

Reverse

Julia

Domna

lOVAIA
of Julia

AO MNACEB
Domna
r.,

Bust

HA VTA A urn N
I

Tyche

1.,

drajJed.

wearing modius, and holding rudder and cornucopiae.

-95

Geta

[AV]KnC TTTIMireTAC
of Geta
r.,

Head

OVAHIAC nAVTAAl
AC
;

laur.

Serpent

coiled,

with
its tail

head

erect,

r.,

open-mouthed

divides into three

1-15

points.

ACn rCTACK
he head bare paludamentum.
;

Bust of Geta r., wears cuirass and

OVAHIAC [nAVTAAI]AC
Herakles standing r., leaning with 1. arm upon club with lion's skin (Farnese type)

[Plate xxix. 14.]

PHILIPPOPOLIS
The situation of Philippopolis
is

referred to on the Bev. of Nos. 1 and 2.

to

The number

of allusions

games

is

noteioorthy.

Imperial

Coinage

Antoninus Pius

AVTAIAAPIA ANTX2NEINOC
Head
of

HrErAPriAIANTIKOV<|)|Ain

Antoninus

r.,

laur.

nono

AITHN
;

River-god Hebros, bearded, recumbent he 1. on rook, from which water flows holds branch in r.

M 1-15 M
1-2

(AEITX2N;

branch obscure.)

AVTAIAAPI
.E
-7

ANXnNEINOC
r.,

Head of Antoninus

bare.

Dionysos <|)|AITTTTOTTO AEITXIN naked 1., holding kantharos and filleted

thyrsos.

3l

444

INLAND CITIES OF THRACE

Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obvekse

Reverse

[AVTA]IAAPIA ANTnN[EINOC]
Head
of

<l>IAinnO
1.,

nOAEI
at

Antoninus

r.,

laur.

sacrificing

altar,

Homonoia and holding

.

patera and cornucopiae.

Crispina

KPICnINA CBACTH

Bust

<|)|AinnOnO
figure
1.,

AEITUN

Female

of Crispina
1-

r.,

drajsed.

holding patera and sceptre.

Septimius Severus

AV_
r.

ICE -

Head

of Severus

lanr.

-8

<i>iAinTT Apoiio, naked L, holding patera and lustral branch at his feet, flaming altar.
;

onoAimcN]

Julia

Donma
<I>IAITT

lOVAIA
Julia
A^.
1-

AOMCEBACT
r.,

Bust of

Domna

no TTOAITHN

Nike,

draped.

advancing L, with wreath and palm.

Caracalla

AVTKAIMAVPCEVHPOCANTfl KOINONePAKHNA AEZAN Bust of Caracalla NEINOCAVr APTTVeiA<t>l Apollo standing

r.,

r.,

laur.,

wearing

cuii-ass

and paluda-

mentum

(or aegis ?).

naked but for chlamys, which hangs behind him in I., he holds a bow, and
;

in

r.,

strap
rests

of

quiver,

lower end

of

which
1-7

upon the ground.

[Plate xxix. 15.

AVTKMAVPCEVH ANTHNEI NOC Bust of Caracalla laur.,

1.,

KOINONePAKIlNAAEZANnvei
AEN<|>IAITT

wearing

aegis.

n o

Emperor on horseback

galloping

r.,

about to spear prostrate foeman.

l(i

Similar.

KOI NONGPAKIINAAEZAN
APIAEN0IAI
and disk
;

mono
1.,

Diskobolos standing
balls

holding three
1.,

in field

uncertain

10

1-7

object; across th& held,

TTV0IA

PHILIPPOPOLIS PLOTINOPOLIS
Metal
Size

445

No.

Weight

Obvkrse

Reverse

AVTKMAVP ANTHNEINOC
Bust
of

<t)iAinno

Caracalla

r.,

laur.,

wearing

TX2N

no

cuirass

and paludamentum.

11

Orpheus, draped and wearing Phrygian cap, seated r. on rocks, looking back; he holds plectron and lyre.*

1-2

[Plate xxix. 16.]

Geta

AVTKHCE HTirETAC
Geta
12
r.,

laur.,

wearing

cuirass

Bust of and

<|)|AinnOn
winged
r.,

Thanatos, leaning on inverted torch.

pAEirnN

paludamentum
-75

Elagabalus

AVTKMAVPHAIOC ANTnNEI Bust of Elagabalus NOCCEB

radiate,

r.,

wearing cuirass

and paluda-

m.entum.

KENAPEICEIAE N<l>IAinnO no A NEHKO pn

on which, Table, with lion's feet agonistic urn containing five balls beneath the table, amphora and palm.
; ;

13

1-45

AVTKMAVP ANTfiNGINOC
Head
of Elagabalus
r.,

<t>iAinnonoAiTnNNEnKOP
Apollo, naked
lustral branch.
1.,

laur.

holding patera and

14

JE

-8

PLOTINOPOLIS
IiDjriaiidl
<_'oiii<iije

Faustina Junior

<|)AVCTEINA
Faustina
r.,

CEBACTH

Bust

of

TTAflTEINO TTOAEITHN
figure
1.,

Female
;

draped, hair in knot.

holding ears of corn and leaning on sceptre (or long torch ?) at her feet, flaming altar.

-9

Caracalla

AVK MAVP
Caracalla
r.,

Head

of

nAIITIN[0

n]OAITnN

laur.

Thanatos, winged, standing r., leaning with 1. elbow on inverted toich.

-65
* See; Dr. B. Pick, ThraHsclie Miinzhihh'r, pp. 135
ff.

446

INLAND CITIES OF THRACE

Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obvekse

Reteksb

SEEDICA
For
the
title

of Serdica, see under Anchialus.

Impeiial Coinage

Caracal! a

AVTKMAVPCEV ANTI2NEINOC OVAniAC C6PAIKHC

Bust
of

Female

Caracalla

r.,

laur.,

wearing

cuirass

and paludamentum.

holding ears of corn and leaning upoa sceptre at her feet, altar.
1.,
;

figure

1-15

AVTKMAVPC6VH ANTXINEI OVAHIAC CPAIKHC naked, standing facing, head NOC Head of Caracalla laur.
r.,

Apollo,
1.
; ;

r. is

hand

rests

on

serpent
side

stall

1.

placed ag.iinst his with wreath.

1-3

hair bound

[Plate xxx.

l.j

AVTKMA
Bust
of

ANTflNEINOC
Caracalla
r.,

OVATTIAC CEPAIKHC
;

laur.,

wearing

cuirass
1-2

and paludamentum.

Herakles standing r., holding club downwards, and apple lion's skin on 1. arm.

AVTKMAVPH
Bust
of

ANTn>EINOC
r.

OVATTIAC C6PAIKHC
figure

Caracalla

seated

1.,

Female holding patera, and

leaning upon sceptre.

JE 1-15
[Plate xxx.
2.]

AVTKMAVP

ANTilNINOC OVAHIAC CPAIKHC

r.,

Similar type.
1-1

Hygieia feeding serpent out of patera.

AVTKMAVPCEV ANTHNEI
Bust of Caracalla cuirass and paludamentum.

NOC

OVATTIAC
standing
1.,

CEPAIKHC
;

Apollo

r.,

wearing

naked but for chlamys, which hangs behind him he holds bow in r., and with 1. grasps strap of quiver, the lower end of which rests on
the ground.

1-K

SERDICAAUGUSTA TRAJANA
Metal
Size

447

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

AVTKMAVCEV ANTIININOC
Bust
of

C E PA [n N ]

Caracalla

r.,

laur.,

wearing

cuirass
-75

and paludamentum.

Infant Herakles r., kneeling on 1. knee, strangling a serpent with each hand.

Geta

- _
Geta
..

CE HTirETAC
r.,

Bust
cuirass

of

OVAHIAC CEP
Asklepios
r.,

HC

laur.,

wearing

and

leaning with both hands

paludamentum

upon

serpent-staff.

115

Gallienus

KFAA AIHNOC-r.,

of Gallienus

laur.,

Bust of wearing cuirass

OVAniAC CPAIKHC
figure
spear,
facing,

Military
r.

leaning
1.

with

upon

and paludamentum.
1-1

and resting

upon

shield.

TOPIRUS
Geta

AVTKnCn TIMirETAC
of Geta
r.,

laur.,

wearing

cuii-ass

Bust and

OVATTIAC
naked
1.,
;

TOTTIPOV

Herakles

paludamentum

seated on rock, on which lies his 1. rests on rock, while lion's skin his outstretched r. holds club down-

wards, with lower end on the ground.

-95

[Plate xxx.

3.]

AUGUSTA TRAJANA
Trajanopolis, with toMch This town must be distinguished from confused. *
it

was formerly

Septimius Severus

AVACn CCVHPOC
Severus
r.,

Head

of

AVrOVCTHCTPAIANHC
slowly advancing
r.

Lion,

laur.

-8

See Foucart, Bull, de Oorr. HcU.,

vi.

(1882), p. 179.

us
Metal
Size

UNCERTAIN

No.

Weiqht

Obverse

Eeyebse

UNCERTAIN THRACO MACEDONIAN

-

Cow

r.,

looking back
39-6

with fore-knees on the ground, border of dots.

;

Triquetra of legs witliin circular incuse.

-55

(A pierced

coin.)

[Plate

xxx.

5.

* See Imhoof-Blumer, Monn. grecq., p. 100.

THESSALY
No.

Weioht

Metal
Size

Obveese

Reveese

CRAJS^NON
Circa

480400

B.C.

The horse on the Bev. is the emblem of Poseidon, whence the trident. The type of the Obv. represents the characteristically Thessalian feat of the ravpoKaBdij/ia, practised at the games held in honoitr of Poseidon Tavpeos- The half-types indicate For drachms, see Laeissa, Nos. 2 and 3. the hemidrachm.

Silver

Aeginetic

Standard

Hem
+AM
.

d r a c h. m

Youth r., with chlamys hanging from shoulder and kausia at neck, subduing forepart of bull galloping r.
border of dots.

A ^

[>|]
1.;

prancing

Forepart of bridled horse behind neck, trident; all

in incuse square.

43-9

-6

[Plate xxx.

5.]

After circa 400

B.C.

Bronze
Thessalian youth r., wearing chlamys round shoulders.

Bust

of
;

kausia

KPA Nn N

Horseman prancing r., wearing kausia chlamys below horse, ^y flying behind him
I

nN

134-

-8

[Bjr.O., Pl. n. 16.

3
Ji

450

THESSALY

No.

DEMETRI AS L ARISS A
Metal
Size

451

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

LAMIA
Circa 400

344

B.C.

The following

coins were struclc before Thessaly

was made part of

the empire

of Fhilip of Macedon. Silver

Aeginetic Standard

Hemidrachms
Head
of

young
ivy.

Dionysos

1.,

wearing

A AM IE flN
leaf
r.
;

Amphora;
r.,

above, ivy1.

wreath of
40-1 38-5

in field

one-handled vase

Jl

-6

(A

in inscr.)

.^l -65

IB.M.C., Pl.

III.

13.]

LARISSA
Silver

Aeginetic Standard
Before circa 480
B.C.

The following

is

one of the earliest coins struclc in Thessaly.

Obol
Head and neck
border of dots.
13-1
of bull
1.,

head facing

[A] A
r.
;

Head and neck

all in

of bridled horse

incuse square.

-4

[Of. B.M.C., Pl. IV. 7.]

Circa

480430
and

B.C.

For

the types of Nos. 2

3, see

under Ceannon.

D r a ell m
Tonth
r.,

with kausia at neck, subduing

r.
;

AA
A5IS

Bridled horse prancing

unruly bull
86-3

border of dots.

bridle;
square.

all

ring r. in incuse
;

-7

[Cf,

B.M.C., Pl.

IV.

12, 13.J

M 2

462

THESSALY

No.

LARISSA MAGNETES
Mbtal
Size

453

No.

Weight

Obterse

Reveksb

Similar

necklace doubtful.

[A] A PIS A
(No. 10
is

Horse feeding

1.

10

90-9

-8

pierced.)

Hem
Similaa' type
;

d r a eh. m s

no necklace

visible.

A A PIS
[AIHN]

Horse feeding
raised.

r.

ofE foreleg

11

28-

M M

-55

inscr., off coin.

(More than a fourth of

12

this coin is

broken

ofi.)

36-8

-6

border of dots.

beneath,

[B.M.C, Pl.

VI.

5.]

Tr ihemiobol
Similar type
;

border of dots.

AAP
A
I

UN
r.

IS
;

Horseman, holding short

spear or javelin, pranhis

cing

chlamys

flies

behind lum.

13

21-

-5

Beonze
Circa

400344

B.C.

Head

97-5

three quarter face her hair confined by fillet, towards and floating loosely border of dots.
of

Larissa,

AAPI

Bridled horse advancing

r.

1.;

[Nn]iA

-75

Similar type.

AAP

IS

Horseman

AinN

prancing holding spear.

r.,

15

73-

-75

dress uncertain.

MAGNETES
Circa

197146

B.C.

^iSS:^
Head
of

probably at The Maanetes struch federal coins, TheJaJy by Flatus and its^U.^ Ihessali. the -^^tJ'"""" Macedonia. Compare the money of
,

Demetrias

in the interval between

^''"^^'^^^

'^

Beonze
Zeus
r.,

laur.

MATN H

Centaur advancing
i"'

r.,

Tn

^^
1.

outstretched shoulder.

with he
;

holds a branch over

114-

J3

-8

454

THESSALT
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Eeverse

PELINNA
Circa

400344
SiLVEE

B.C.

Aeginetic

Standard

Sr acliin
Horseman
cantering 1. he wears kausia and chlamys, and holds spear in r. above, in minute letters, A border of
; ;

r EA M M A K
I

(sic)
;

Warrior retreating

dots.

looking back he wears kausia and chiton grasps javelin in r. and holds shield and two spare javelins in 1. ; his sword is suspended by a strap passing over r. shoulder; all within incuse
1.,
;

917

square.
-8

[Plate xxx. 9.}

PHALANNA
Circa

300200
Bronze

B.C.

Young male head

border of dots.
89-5

r.,

with short hair

<l>AAAN[NAmN]
r.,

Head

of

nymph

hair in net; she wears earring and necklace.

[Cf. B.M.C., Pl. viii.

-7

15]
(in ex.)
1.

Head
122-5

of

Pallas,

wearing

triple - crested
1.

<t>AA
boar's head

Wolf

r.

beneath,

helmet, three-quarter face towards

-8

[Plate xxx. 10.]

PHARSALUS
Circa

480344

B.C.

The Bev. type of No. 1 recalls the well-lenown prowess of the Thessalian cavalry. Compare No. 4 also Ckaxnon, No. 2, and Laeissa, No. 13.
;

Silver

Aeginetic

Standard

Drachm
Head
of Pallas
r.,

wearing crested Athe-

<l>

nian helmet, adorned with wins.

he prancing r. wears chlamys and chiton and holds whip over shoulder.

[A]

Horseman

.R

pi. -8

fine style.

head, off coin.

PELINNA SCOTUSSA
Metal
Size

455

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

Hemidrachms
Similar type.
49-2

Head and neck

plain.
<l>

of horse

r.

li-5

M M

-55
-65

early style
fine style

helmet

A P 5

helmet adorned with wing

<l>

A
q

all

in incuse square.

Circa

300200
Bronze

B.C.

Head

of

Pallas,

wearing

triple-crested
1.

<|>A

Horseman

r.,

striking with

whip

helmet, three-quarter face towards on either side, spear and shield.

130-

horse prancing.

2E -85
[Cf.

B.M.C., Pl.

IX.

18.]

PHEEAE
Third Century
B.C.

Bronze

Head

Hekate, wearing wreath of of myrtle, three-quarter face towards 1. beside her, her r. hand holding torch

<|>EPAIflN
in field
1.,

Hekate, holding torch,

r.

seated sideways on horse galloping

lion's

head

1.

border of dots.
121

-8

[B.M.C, Pl.

X.

16.]

SCOTUSSA
Third Century
B.C.

Bronze
three-quarter
face

Head
in2'5

of
1.

nymph,
;

SKOTOYSS[AI]
f2N

towards

hair floating loosely.

Vine-branch, with grapes and tendrils.

-85

[Plate xxx. 11.

456

THESSALT

No.

TRICCA THESSALI
Metal
Size

457

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reverse

97-4

M M M
JR

1-

MENE KPATO[VZ] AAEZANAPoZ

(above,

95-8

-9

NIKOKPATOYZ)

<t>l

AOZ EN A[OY] HETPAIOZ

I

in field

r.,

palm.

[Plate xxx. 13.]

86-1
-95

86-

1-

(uncertain countermark.)

92-5

M
M

-9

-9

10

11

60-4

12

63-5

13

66-3

14

63-3

15

62-i

458

THESSALY
Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obvbese

Reverse

Beonze
16
220-

-9

Head

of

Zeus

r.,

crowned

-with oak.

0EZZA
[AHN]

Two

animals bounding

r.

[E]YBIOTOY; beneath, nETPAI[OZ]

above,

[Plate xxv. 11.*]

Head

of

Apollo

r.,

laur.

hair long.

OEZZA AI2N
attitude of attack
r.

Athena Itonia

in

17

139-

18

116-

19

144-

M M M
M

-8

in field

r.,

hP
p(

-8

in field

r.,

-75

on either side of Athena,

T M A
I
;

20

96-

-8

in field above, I PI fl side of Athena,

O AO

on

either

P
I

21

107-

./E -75

in

field

above,

Xi

N[

in

field r., tripod.

22

94-

-7

in field above,

]TA A[

Similar type

less

debased

style.

Similar type

1.

23

47-

-6

no

inscr. visible.

Head

of

Athena Itonia

r.,

wearing crested

0ES
ZAAfl

Bridled horse trotting

r.

Corinthian helmet.

N
with
stars.

24 25

81'6

^ ^

-75
'75

above,

[E]ENinnoV
.

in front, caps of Dioskouroi

above and beneath,

NYZ AN APOY

in front, ear of corn.

26

97-5

Jii -75

* This 'coin owes its place on the Plate to the fact that it was at first doubtfully assigned to Thessalonica. Comparison with a oast of a similar piece in the Berlin Museum has supplied the missing letters of the ethnic name as well as of the names of the magistrates. On both coins the nearer animal appears, to judge from its tail, to be a bull. On the Berlin specimen the farther one is almost certainly a horse ; on the Hunter coin it has more resemblance to a centaur. Mionnet {Suppl. iii. p. 264), citing from. Seatini, describes the type in one case as two lions (No. 23), in another as a horse and a bull (No. 24). Combe {DescripHo, p. 327) says " Centcmn duo."

THESSALI
Mktal
Size

459

No.

Weight

Obverse

Reveese

Imperial Times
After the battle of Pharsalia, Julius Caesar declared Thessabj free. No. 27 may possibly have been struch then.

Head

of

Homonoia

r.

behind,

[0]M0

EZ

NOIA

ZAA PHM

Bridled horse galloping ring on bridle ?

r.

-7

[Plate xxx. 17.]

Liv

ZEBAZTHn N GEZZ AAilN ZTPATHrOYAY KOYTOY

Livia (?) seated
stretched
1.

r.,

leaning on sceptre,
(?)

Demeter
of corn ?

(?)

standing

r.,

holding ears

and liolding ears of corn

2S

in

out-

and leaning upon long sceptre

(or torch ?).

1-05
[PLATiE XXX. 18.]

Under Hadrian

coin of

Hadrian bearing

the

name of Nihomachos

is

figured in B.M.G., Pl.

i.

12.

AXIAA CYC
29

Head

of

Achilles

r.,

N KO MAX O Y
I

Horse advancing

1.

in crested Corinthian helmet.

[B.M.C., Pl.

I.

8.]

under Thessalonioa (Macedon), two specimens of this coin are catalogued the Catal., ii. p. Ul) considers that what has been nos 43 and 44). Von Sallet (,BerUn rmg of the bridle with a ring attached to it, such a is merely the continuation read as' as not (Cf. Larissa, No. 2.) The specimen here described coins. bdng common on Thessalian question enable one to arrive at a definite opmion on the in sff^cSntly good condition to Thessaly on account of its Bev. type, which has much It is, therefore, placed under ot reading. resemblance to that of Nos. 24 H.

*In

BMC.

(r,

113

ON

;!

N 2

403

ISLANDS ADJACENT TO THESSALY

Metal
Size

No.

Weight

Obverse

Rbvbesb

Islands Adjacent to Thessaly

PEPARETHUS
TMs
island

was famozis for

its

wine.

Cf. the

tijj)es

of Nos. 1 and

2.

Beonze
Circa

350200

B.C.

Head
24-

of bearded Dionysos wreatli of ivy.

r.,

wearing

PE
XI.

Kantharos, vcreathed witli vine-

brancli.

-6

[B.M.C., Ph.

14.J

Circa

20027

B.C.

Head
42-5

of

yotmg
ivy.

Dionysos

r.,

wearing

nnAPH8II2N
it,

Kantharos; behind

wreath of
-7

palm.

Athena
56-

Itonia,

armed with spear and

TTETTA

Owl

1.,

head facing.

shield, in attitude of attack, r.

'65

[Plate xxx. 19.]

Iiiqicrial

Coinage

Augustus

ZEBAZ

Head

of

Augustus

r.,

bare.

riEriA
head
of

Bearded head

r.

-lb

Zeus

[Platk xxx. 20.]

-8

uncertain

countermark

(thyrsos
?).

bound

head

of

Dionysos

to cross-pieces of a torch

INDEXES
III

all

of the Indexes the numhers refer

to

the

pages of

the Caicdogne.

I.

Geogeaphical.

II.

Kings and Dynasts.

III.

Roman Empebobs and Imperial Peksokages.

Types.

IV. V.

Symbols.

VI.
VII.

Countermarks.
Magistrates' Names on Autonomous Coins.

Vni.
IX.

Magistrates'

Names on Imperial

Coins.

Roman Magistrates' Names.

Engravers' Names.

X.
XI.

Remarkable
(a)

Inscriftions, Titles os Cities, etc,

Greek.

(^) Latin,
(y) Oscan.
(8)
(e)

Etruscan,
Punic.

INDEX

I.

GEOGRAPHICAL
Ute names printed in italics in this Index are tJiose of cities or districts which, according to L. Miiller, were mints for the money of Alexander the Great or Lijsimachiis. See, however, footnotes on pp. 296 and 299.

Abacaenum, 153
Abdera, 382
Ahdera. 429
Acantlius,

Aradns, 313, 324

Ardea, 9

Camarina, 169
Campania, 13, 26

Ariminiim,
Arpi, 53

4,

19

270

Campanians in Canusium, 55
Capua, 29
Cardia, 386

Sicily,

180

Ace, 313

Ascalon, 314, 327

Acroathon, 301
AdranTiin,

Aspendus, 311
Assorus, 168

154

Cardia, 320
Caria, 310, 324

A^ae, 267
Aegospotami, 385
Aenus, 377
Aenus, 428
Aesernia, 22

Assus, 308

26 Augusta Trajana, 447

Atella,

Cassandrea, 273

Catana, 171
Caulonia, 126
Centuripae, 177

Azetium, 54

Aetna, 154

Barium, 54

Cepbaloedium, 178
Chalcidice, 270

AgTigentam, 155 Agyrinm, 165

Alahanda, 310
Alaesa, 165

Alba Fucentis, 11, 21 AUiba, 26 Aluntium, 167

Amestratns, 168

2G8 Bizya, 438 Bottiaia, 352 Bottice, 274 Brundusium, 61 Bruttii, 120 Beuttium, 120 Byzantium, 393
Bisaltae,

Cberronesus, 422

Chersonesus (Taueic), 422 Cheesonesus (Theacian), 385

Chios,

309 312

Chrysaoris, 432
Cilicia,

Cnidus, 310
Coela, 386 Coela, 302

Ampbaxitis, 351

AmpMpoKs,
Ancona, 20

275, 350, 354

Byzantium, 426, 429 Byzantium and Calobedon, 398

Amphipolis, 299, 318 Ancbialus, 419 Apbytis, 272

Aphytis, 319, 431

Byzantium and Mcaea, 398

Caelia,

Commagene, 313
Consentia, 128

54

Crannon, 449
Croton, 128

Calabeia, 61
Calacte,

Apollonia (Macedon), 270

168 Calchedon, 431

Cumae, 30
Dacia, 405

Apollonia (Tlirace), 420

Aptera, 323
Apulia, 14, 53

Calcbedon and Byzantium, 398 Cales, 27

Callatia,

Damascus, 313

409

Aquinum, 21

Callatia, 427,

430

Danubian Disteict, 405 Demetrias, 450

464
Deultum, 438
Dionysopolis (Moesia), 410

INDEX
Latium, 21
Laus, 88 Lemnos, 388 Leontini, 191
Lete,

I.

Nola, 44

Nuceria Alfaterna, 45
Nuceria (Bruttium), 139
Odessus, 418
Odessiis,

Dium, 361

mm,

301, 434

266

Edessa, 362

Lilybaeum, 195
Lipara, 260

303

Edonis, 350
Eion, 265

Olynthus, 272
Orra, 63
Orrescii,

Locri (Epizephyrii), 136

Emathian District, 266 Enna, 179 Entella, 180 Epliesus, 432 Enjthrae, 432
Eryx, 181
Eteuria,
3,

Luoani, 85

263

LUCANIA, 85
Luceria, 14, 56

Paeonia, 348

Lycia, 312, 327

Lysimachia, 387
Lysimachia, 428, 435

16

MACEDON,
Formiae, Fundi, or Pregellae
Frb^tani, 25
Gela, 181 Gomphi, 450
?

263

10

Macedon Semi-Independent, 350 Macedon under the Eomans, 354 Macedonia a Roman Province, 355
Macedonian Confederations, 354 Macedon, Thrace and Thessali/,
305, 318

Graxa, 62

Grumum, 55
Gyrton, 450
Hadrianopolis (Thrace), 440
Hat,ria, 7

Magnesia, 309, 432

Magnetes, 453
Mallus, 312

Mamertini, 200
Marcianopolis, 411

Hephaestia, 388

Maroneia, 379

Heraclea (Lucatiia), 85 Heraclea loniae, 309

Maroneia, 429
Mateola, 57
Melitaea, 303, 321

Heradea ad Ponium, 431

Heraclea
Siiitica,

300, 319

Menaenum, 195
Mesembria, 421
Mesemhria, 303 Messana, 196

Heraclewm Pieriae, 319

Hei'bessus, 185

Paestum, 99 Pangaean District, 263 Panormus, 207, 257 Panticapaeum, 423 Pautalia, 442 Pelagonia, 301 Pelinna, 454 Pella, 362 Pella, 318 Peparethus, 460 Pergamum, 432 Perinthus, 399 PerintJius, 302, 429 Petelia, 139 Pbalanna, 454 Pharsalus, 454 Pherae, 455 Philippi, 281 Philippopolis, 443 PMlomelium, 311 Phistelia, 45 PiCENUM, 7, 20 Plotinopolis, 445
Populonia, 16
Poseidonia, 96

Himera, 186 Hipponium, 133 Hybla Magna, 191 Hyporon and Mystia, 138 Hyria (Calabria), 63 Hyria (Campania), 31
laeta,

Metapontum, 89

323 Morgantina, 204 Motya, 205

Miletus, 309,

Praeneste, 8
Priene, 309

Peopontis, European Coast of the,

Myrina, 388

393
Pydna, 282

Mystia and Hyporon, 138

191
Mytilene, 308

Iguvinm, 4
Isiria,

Mytistratus, 259

427

Istrus,

410
3

Naxus, 205
Neapolls (Apulia), 57
Neapolis (Campania), 33

ITALY,

Rhegium, 140 Bhodes, 310 Romano-Campanian, 49 Romano-Lucerian, 56 Romans in Sicily, 257

Rubi, 57
Salapia, 58, 151

Lamia, 451

Neapolis (Macedonia), 264

Larinum, 25
Larissa.

Nicaea and Byzantium, 398

Nicopolis ad Istrum, 413

451

INDEX
Sahjmhria, 3i'2
Sybaris, 102

II.

405
Umbeia,
4,

19

Samnium, 22
Samothi-aoe, 388
Saiiioihracc,

Syracuse, 219

Uncertain Aes Grave, 15 Uncertain of Apulia, 10

Uncertain of Campania, 49

320

Tarenfcum, G4

Sardinia, 2(52

Tauromeuium, 254

Uncertain of Etruria, Uncertain of

Italy,

G,

18

Scione, 272

Teanum
Temntts,

Sidicinum, 48

150

Scotnssa,

455
Empire, 314, 324

Teate, 58

Uncertain of Lalium, 10
Uncertain of N. Greece, 304, 321 Uncertain of Maeedon, 352

Siesta, 212
i^elencid

Selinus,

Serdica,
Sestns,
Sestus,

216 446 387 428

308 Teos, 308 Terina, 146 Thasos, 389 Therma, 301

Uncertain of Macedonia, 301, 319, 431, 435

Uncertain of

Sicily,

259

SICILY, 387
SrciLY, Islands op,

Thermae Himerenses, 189 Thessali, 456

260
Thessalonica, 366

Uncertain Thracian, 430, 434

Uncertain Thraco-Macedonian, 448 Uncertain of Umbria, 6

Urannpolis, 431

Siculo-Pnnic, 205, 207, 219, 225,

THESSALY,

449

227, 257
Sici/on,

Thessaly, Islands of, 460

Uxentum, 162

306
431 218 311
23

THRACE,

377
Velecha, 13
Velia, 112

Siijcim, 307, Silerae,

Silhiniit,

Theaoe, Inland Cities op, 438 Theace, Islands op, 388 Thkace, Southern Coast
op,

377

Savjrna, 308, 432

Social
Soli,
T\''ar,

Thurium, 103
Tibur, 8

Venafrum

(!),

150

Venusia, 69
Vetulonia, 17

313 219 314

Dis-

Tomis, 416
Tomi, 427
Topirus, 447

Solus,

So::>isa,

Vibo Valentia, 134 Viminacium, 406

Volaterrae, 3

365 Stetmonian
Sfcobi,

Traelium, 319, 431, 435

Tragilus, 281
Tricca, Tricca,

and Bottiaean tricts, 275 Stumium, 64

Suessa Aurunca, 47

456 304
4,

Zancle, 196

Tuder,

19

INDEX

II.

KINGS AND DYNASTS

Aeropus, 285
Agathokles, 238

Archelaus

I.,

285

Demetrius Poliorcetes, 337

Audoleon, 348
Cassander, 334

Demetrius
Gelon, 245

II.,

342

Alexander

I.,

283
Coson, 436
Hieron, 244
i

Alexander the Great, 295

Amyntas

286 Antigonus, 336 Aritigonus Gonatas (or Doson?), 340

III.,

Demetrius (Bisaltae), 269

Hieronymus, 249
3

VOL.

I.

46(i

INDEX
Pausanias, 286 Perdiccas II., 284 Perdiccas III., 287
Perseus, 346

in.
Phinfcias,

Hiketas, 241

162

Lysimachus, 425

Rhoemetalces

I.,

437

Philip

II.,

287, 345

Mosses, 269

Scostooos,

436

Philip III. (Aridaeus), 331

Philip v., 343

Patraus, 348

Philistis,

246

Uncertain Thracian Dynast, 425

INDEX

111.

EOMAN EMPEEORS AND IMPERIAL PERSONAGES

Except where otherwise stated, the coins included in this Index have for their types the heads or busts of the person tiiider whose name they appear.

Julius Caesar,

Thessalonica,

Augustus,

Livia,

Thessalonica, 371, Perin Amphipolis, 279 over Amphipolis, 278, mus, 211 AmphiRhoemeThessalonica, 369 279. 437, Peparethus, 460 Antoninus Pius, Odessus, 419, standing and being crowned, 443 282. Amphipolis, 279, Panormus, 211, Amphipolis, M. Aurelius, Amphipolis, 280,
282.
Trajan,

crowning Augustus,

Philippi,

369

Domitian,

Amphipolis, 279, Perin-

polis,

444,

Augusta Trajana,
Stobi, 365, Thessaf.,

thus, 400.

447.

Julia

Domna,

Lilybaeum,
f.,

195, Panor-

thus, 400; on horseback, riding

foe,
;

lonica,

372

Byzantium, 396,
ad
Anchialus, 420,

Perinthus,

400, Nicopolis

f.,

statue of, standing,

Istrum, 414,

talces

I.,

polis,

Pautalia, 443, PhiUppopolis,444.

Julia

Domna and

Caracalla,

MarAm-

Philippi,

Philippopolis,

f.

cianopolis, 412.

Caracalla,

Cassandrea,

274,

279, Thessalonica, 370; seated,

Macedon under the Romans,

360
f.,

phipolis,

280, Macedon under

Panormus, 212,
Antonia,

Thessali, 459.

Thasos, 392, Tomis, 417.

the Romans, 361, Edessa, 3G2,

Pella, 364, Stobi, 366, Thessalonica, 373,

Thessalonica, 371. Tiberius, Amphipolis, 279, Dium, 361, Thessalonica, 370. Drusus, Thessalonica, 370. Caligula, Thessalonica, 371. Claudius, Cassandrea, 273, Philippi,

Faustina Junior,

Amphipolis, 280,

Byzantium, 396,,Hadrianopolis,
440, Pautalia, 442, Plotinopolis, 445.
L. Verus,

Byzantium, 396

f.,

Perinthus,

401
419,

f.,

Callatia,

409
280,

f.,

Marcianopolis,

411,

Pautalia, 442. Commodus, - Amphipolis,

Istrum, 413.

Odessus,

Hadrianopolis,
f .,

440, Philippopolis, 444

tinopolis, 445, Serdica,

Plof.

282,

Macedon under the

371.

Thessalonica, 372, Nicopolis ad

446

Romans, 360, Thessalonica, 371.

Britannious, Thessalonica,

Commodus and
tium, 396.
Crispina,

Crispina,

Nero,

Cassandrea,

Byzan-

standing with City -goddess,

;

273,

Macedon

under the Romans, 360, Thessalonica, 371.

Byzantium, 396 on horsebach, Byzantium, 396 f. on horse-

Philippopolis, 444.

Septimius Severus,
polis

Poppaea,

Vespasian,

Perinthus, 400. Cassandrea, 273.

Thessalonica,
f.,

bach, and spearing lion,

By-

zantium, 397

riding over foe,

in

372, Marcianopolis, 411, Nico-

ad Istrum, 413
Pautalia, 442,

Anchia-

Titus and Domitian,

274.

Cassandrea,

lus, 419,

Apollonia, 421, Bizya,

Plautilla,

Philippopolis, 444; quadPerinthus, 401. Amphipolis, 280, Tomis,

riga,

438,

Philippo-

417.

INDEX
Geta,

IV.

467
375, Dacia, 405, Viminaoium,

Thessalonica, 373, Perinthus,

443,
Philippopolis,

salonica, 374,

Perinthus, 403,

402, Nicopolis ad Istriim, 414,

Tomis, 417, Deultum, 439.

Tomis, 417, Hadrianopolis, 441,

Pautalia,

Maximinus,

407
374,
421.

f.,

Deultum, 440.

Thessalonica,

Philippus and Otacilia,

Mesembria,

Tomis, 417, Deultum, 439.

445,
447.

Serdica,

447,

Topirus,

Maximus,
374.

Pella, 3G4, Thessalonica,

Macrimis,

Nicopolis

ad

Istram,

Gordian

III.,

Dium,
f.,

361, Edessa,
Thessalonica,

414 f. Diadumenianus,
Elagabalus,

362, Pella, 364 Nicopolis

ad

Istrum, 415, Deultum, 438.

Cassandrea, 274,ThesPerintliiis,
41"2,

374 f., Peiinthus, 403, Viminacium, 406 f., Callatia, 410,

Marcianopolis,

Dacia, 405, Deultum, 440. Dacia, 405, Viminacium, 407. Herennia Dacia, 406. Hostilianus, Dacia, 406, ViminaOtacilia,

Trajanus Decius,

Etruscilla,

cium, 408.

412,

Nicopolis

Trebonianus
Volusianus,

Gallus,

Coela,

386,

salonica, 373,

4<'2,

Marcianopolis,
polis, 445.

Philippo-

Severus Alexander,

Macedon under
Pella,

ad Istrum, 415 f., Tomis, 418, Deultum, 439, Hadrianopolis, 441 f.; (('('//( Sarnpis, Dionyso-

Viminacium, 408.

Byzantium,397,Dacia,
Viminacium,
Senior,

406, Viminacium, 409.

polis,

410, Odessus, 419.

Aemiliauus,

409.

the Romans, 361,

3C4,

Gordian

111.

and

Tranquillina,

Valerianus
398,

Byzantium,

Byzantium, 397, Perinthus, 403,

Mai-cianopolis,

Marcianopolis, 413.
Tranquillina,

Byzantium and Nicaea,

412,

Odessus,

Perinthus,

404, An-

398.
Gallienus,

419, Deultum, 439.

Julia

chialus, 420,

Deultum, 439.

Mamaea,

Pella,

364,

Thes-

Philippus

Senior,

Thessalonica,

Coela,

386, Byzantium

^nd Nicaea, 399, Serdica, 447.

INDEX
TY PE S

IV.

Achilles,

head

of,

Adranos, head of, Mamertini, 200. Syracuse, 224. Aegis with Gorgoneion,

Thessali, 459.

Aequitas, standing,

Catana,

176.

Macedon under the Romans, 357 S. loith diadem and horn of Ammon, Lysimachus, 426 ff., Scostocos, 436 as young HeraMes, Macedon under the Romans, 357 in Athenian helmet, Macedon under the Romans, 360. Amenanos, head of, Catana, 172 f.
;

Agonothesia, head

of,

Thessalonica, 370.
;

Ammon, head
Amphipolis.

of,

Catana, 176,
f.

Apliytis, 272, Cas-

Akragas, head of, Agrigentnm, 162. Alexander the Great on horseback, Macedon under
the Romans, 358
croioning
;

sandrea, 273

Ms

Nilce, under the Romans, 357 f. Macedon under the Romans, 357. Alexander the Great taming Bukephalas, Macedon under the Romans, 359. Alexander the Great, bust of, armed, Macedon under

Macedon escorted by
horse,

See City-goddess.

Amphora,

Canusium, 55, Hipponium, 133, Apollonia

of,

(Macedon), 270, Thasos, 390, Lamia, 451.

Anapus, head
Anchor,
tain
oE

Syracuse, 234. Tuder, Uncertain Aes Grave,

5,

15,

Uncer-

Etruria, 18,

Paestum, 102, Apollonia

(Thrace), 420.

the Romans, 359.

Alexander the Great, head

of,

with horn of

Macedonia a

Roman Province, 355

with diadem,
Amman,

Anchor and rudder, Paestum, 101. Animals, two, bounding r., Thessali, 458.

Aphrodite, seated, with dove,

Eiyx,

181

468
Aplirodite (Medioean), standing,

INDEX

IV.

Aphrodite,

head

or

bust

of,

Deultum, 439. Ancona, 20, Hyria

Ares,

young,

head

of,

helmeted,
51,

Larinium,

25,

Romano -Campanian,
Consentia, 128
;

(Calabria), 63, Syracuse, 234, Neapolis (Mace-

Romano-Lucerian, 56, Mamertini, 201 ff., laureate,

don), 264, Scione, 272.

Apis, standing,

Syracuse, 236, 238, Lipara, 261.

Ares,

Perinthus, 399.
Rbeginm, 143,
145
;

bearded

and
of,

helmeted,
ff.,

head
121
ff.

of,

Romano-

Apollo, seated, on omphalos,

on

Campanian, 49
Arethusa, head
Aristaios, seated,

Bruttii,

Antigonus, 340. with bow, Metapontnm, 92 Apollo, standing, Philippopolis, 444, Serdica, bow and and branch, Catana, 174, 446
prow,
loith
;

quiver,
boio

loith

Nicopolis

ad Istrum, 414,

Tomis, 417

with with with

Kabeiros and how,

Kaheiros and
wreath and
loedinm, 179

lyre,

Thessalonica, Thessalonica,
166
;

374
375

Syracuse, 232. Rhegium, 141. Ancona, 20. Arm, and 140; with Artemis, with dogs, Thurium, 112, Mamertini, 203 torch and branch (Tauropolos), Amphipolis,
bent,
torch,

Petelia,

torch
;

u;ith

lyre,

Alaesa,
;

playing lyre,
lyre,

279

f.

Artemis, Huntress,
latia,

loith

bow,

Rhegium,

145,

Cal-

Amestratus, 168
;

loith

loith

Cephapatera and branch, Nicopolis

patera and
;

409,

Nicopolis

ad Istrum, 413,

Tomis,

Sauroad Istrum, 415, Philippopolis, 444 f. Nicopolis ad Istrum, 414 with staff ktonos, Serdica, 446 in quadriga, disof AsMepios,

417 417 278

discharging arrow,
slaying stag,

Artemis, riding on
fE.

Cherronesus, 422. bull (Tauropolos), Amphipolis,

sloio,'

Syracuse, 250, Tomis,

charging arrows,
Apollo,

Selinus, 217.
of,

Ai'temis, di-iving quadriga,

head or bust
39
ff.,

laureate,

Lueeria,
Campania,

Selinus, 217
ff.,

fast,

14,

Cherronesus, 422.

Uncertain of Etruria, 18, Cales, 28, Capua, 30,

Neapolis,

Artemis, head or bust

of,

Capua, 29, Neapolis, 42

f.,

f.,

Suessa Aurunoa, 47,

Teanum
49,

Paestum, 102, Rhegium, 143

Syracuse, 231, 239

Alaesa, 167,

Sidicinum,

48,

Uncertain

of

Amestratus, 168, Centuripae, 178, Enna, 180,

Thessalonica, 367, Thasos,

Eomano-Campanian,
Salapia, 68,

50, Romano-Lucerian, 66,

f.,

Metapontum, 91, Thurium, 111 f., Croton, 132, Vibo Valentia, 136, Mystia and Hyporon, 138, Nuceria, 139, Petelia, 140, Rhegium, 141 ff., 146, Adranum, Agrigentum, 162 ff., Agyrium, 165, 154,
Alaesa,

Tarentum, 67

391, Byzantium, 394, Cherronesus, 422,

trias,
;

Deme-

Tauropolos, Amphipolis, 276 ff., 450 Macedonian Confederations, 364, Barbarous Macedonian, 376.

Artemis and Apollo, heads

Leontini, 194.
Asklepios, seated,

of,

jugate,

Rhegium,

144,

166,

Assorus,
f.,

168,

Calacte,

169,

Catana,
Leontini,

171

192

ff.,

174 ., Centuripae, 177 f., Lilybaeum, 195, Menaenum,

f.,

Asklepios, standing,
staff,

196,

Mamertini, 202
235,

Naxus, 207, Syracuse,

2.^4
ff,,

Menaenum, 196, Aenus, 378, Nicopolis ad

Rhegium; 144. Agrigentum, 164;

loith serpent-

231,

261,

253,

Tauromenium,
Philip
II.,

Istrum, 416, Hadrianopolis, 440, Serdica, 447.

Romans

in Sicily, 257, Olynthus, 272, Bottice,

27."..
f.,

274, Amphipolis,

287

f.,

21)3

ff.,

Cassander, 334

Patraus, 348, Edonis, 351,

Pella,

Amphaxitis,

351,

363,

Abdera, 383

f.,

Agrigentum, by
also Helios.

Byzantium, 394, Perinthus, 399, Panticapaeum, laureate, and with serpent, 424, Thessali; 457 f.
;

and bird, Rhegium, 143, 146. Rhegium, 146, Syracuse, 253. Asklepios, head of, Asklepios and Hygieia, standing, Nicopolis ad Istrum, 413, Deultum, 438. Asklepios and Hygieia, heads of, jugate, Rhegium,
Asklepios, young, standing, with branch

164

laureate,

and surrounded
;

145. Asklepios, staff

of,

dolphins, Alliba, 26, Neapolis, 40 laureate, and showing full face,- Catana, 172 wearing diadem or taenia, Velia, 119, Amphipolis, 275,
;

Assinos, head of,

Astragalos,

277, Pati'aus, 348

radiate,

Aetna,

Tibur or Praeneste, 8
Antigonus

Syracuse, 253. ^Naxus, 207.

f.,

Ardea, 10.

154.

See

Athena Alkis,
Athena Athena
Athena.
Itonia,
Itonia,

Gonatas, 340, Philip V.,

343, Pella, 362.

of,

Apollo and Artemis, heads

Leontini, 194.

jugate,

Rhegium,

144,

Thessali,
of,

456

f.,

Peparethus, 460.

head

Arohias, head

of,

Syraoase, 234.

Thessali,

457

f.

See Pallas.

INDEX
Athlete, dipping

IV.

469
Amphipolis, 278, Macedonia a

ana

in

amphora,

Iwlding wreath and palm,

Perintlius, Periuthus, 403.

-102;

Roman
;

Province,

356, Pella, 363, Thessalonica, 367

adcancing,

Thurium, 103
hutting,

ff.,

Gela,

Arpi,
248
f.,

184,

Syracuse, 23G
f.,

53, Poseidonia, 98

Thurium,
Uncertain

B
Barbarous Imitations,
150, Philip
II.,

104 237
of
2(i,

fi.,

Catana, 173, Mamertini, 201, Syracuse,

259, Amphipolis,

f.,

AUiba,
283
f.,

Sicily,

Tauromenium, 254 276

fE.,

galloping,

Uncertain of
ff.,

Italy,

292

Great,
3-48,

299, 318,

Philip

III.,

Alexander the 333 f., Patraus,

Amphipolis, 277, Thessalonica, 367. See also Apis, Nike, and Youth subduing bull.
Bull,

forepart

of,

loolcing

haclc,

Macedon, 376, Maroneia, 382, Thasos, 392, Lysimachus, 427.

of,

Barley, ear

Luceria, Capua, 30, Heraolea, 87, Metapontum, 89 S. See Ear. Barley, two ears Leontini, 194. Barleycorn, Formiae, Fundi, or Fregellae, Leon192 Barleycorns, Ardea, Enna, 179
14,

Abacaenum, 154. Bull, head and neck 451. Bull, humped, standing, Perinthus, 4C0.
sivimming,
of,

Acanthus,

271;

Larissa,

also

Bull, man-headed,

Cales, 28, Hyria, 31

ff.,

Neapolis,

of,

11,

tini,

f.

tioo,

9,

three,

40 f., Nola, 44, Phistelia, 45, Suessa Aurunca, 47, Teanum Sidicinum, 48, Uncertain of Campania, 49, Laus, 88, Catana, 173, Panormus, 208 f., Selimis, 218, Tauromenium, 264;
33
ff.,

Metapontum, 95.
Barleycorn,
telia,

idith

with mussel-shell and dolphin,

46.

Basket, with poppy-heads and ears of

438.
Si'i'

Phiscorn, Bizya,
;

stream of

loater

gushing

from mouth,
33, 39

Aluntium, 167.

See also Nike.

of.

Bull, man-headed, forepart

Neapolis,
f.,

f.,
ff.,

43, Uncertain of Campania, 49, Gela, 181

Biga,

sloie,

fast,

Syracuse, Aesernia,
120,
S.,

also Vase.

Herbessus, 185, Panormus, 207

f.,

Silerae, 218.

241, 245
22, Gales,

Pautalia, 442

Byzas, head

of,

Byzantium, 395.

27,

Capua,

29,

Bruttii,

125,

Menaenum, 195, Messana,

f.,

200, Syracuse, 236, 241, 244

II.,

247, 252, Philip

287

Macedon under the Romans, 359.

f.

Messana, 197 Uncertain Aes Grave, 15 Centuripae, 178. Boar, Formiae, Fundi, or
Biga of mules,
Bird,
javelin,

C
;

standing on plough,

Fregellae, 11, Capua, 29,

Arpi, 53, Salapia, 58, Paestum, 101, Abacaenum,

Bull,

Passtum. 102. Boar, forepart Passtum, 100 Patraus, 348. Philip 289, Alexander the Great, Bow and 299, Thasos, 391. Alexander the Great, 329 and Bow Aluntium, 167. Bow, arrows, and Luceria, Alexander the and Bow, Great, 327 Uncertain Aes Grave, Branch, Iguvium, Catana, Brothers, Catanean, rescuing 175. Coson, 436. with Brutus, ^Metapontum, Tauromenium, 255. Bucranium, Poseidonia, 97 103, 363 Thurium, 111, Tauromenium, 256, lU2
of,
f.,

153, Agrigentum, 163, Enna, 180

pierced by

Populonia, Ardea, Uncertain Aes Grave, Calacte, 169. Caduceus, head Uncertain Aes Grave, head Rhegium, 140. Capricorn, Panormus, 212.
Caducei, two,
16.

Caduceus,

10,

10,

of,

15.

Calf,

of,

club,

II.,

Catanean brothers,
Centaur, carrying

Catana, 175.
nymph,

off

in.

case,

club,

ff.

holding round object,

club,

quiver,

club,

56,

S.

4,

6.

their parents,

L.,

lictors,

89,

standing,

fB.,

Sybaris,
Pella,

Magnetes, 453. See Thessali, 468. Thessalonica, 368. Chrysas, standing, Assorus, 168. Cicada, Tuder, Cista Mystica, Macedon under the Romans, 358. Amphipolis, 280, City -goddess, 365. See Female 251 City goddess, standing, with two nymphs, Thermae Byzantium, 396; crowning Boma, Edessa,
also

Orrescii, 263, Lete, 266

Lete, 266; carrying branch,

Centaurs, two, back to back,

5.

seated,

Pella,

also

jBgure.

Syi'aouse,

IIimerenses,190;i(i7/(.E9)!^:)ej-o)-,

hiling

his

bacJc,

Sybaris,

f.

feeding,

362.

Sec also Female figure.

470
City -goddess, bust or head
Thessalonica, 368
of,

INDEX IV

Amphipolis,

278,

D
Dacia, standing between eagle

Club,

f.

^Volaterrae, 3, Uncertain

Aes Grave, 6, Luceria,

Cen-

and

lion,

14, Populonia, 16, Uncertain of Italy, 151,

Demeter, seated,

Sestus,
loith
;

387.

turipae, 178,

Menaenum,

196, Amphipolis, 276,

Demeter, standing,

ears of corn

Dacia, 405. and

sceptre,

Philip

II.,

295, Philip V., 345, Thessalonica, 366,

;

Callatia,

409

between scrinitim and subselKum,

Macedonia a
donian shield,

Roman

Province, 355
;

in

Mace-

Edonis,
4f.,

v., 343, Amphaxitis, 361,

rations, 354,

350 in loreaih, Philip Macedonian Confede-

Rhegium, 146, Marcianopolis, 412, Mesembria, 421, Thessali, 469 loith ears of corn and torch, Catana, 177, Leontini, 193 f., Perinthns, 402,
;

404

tvith torch

and

sceptre,

Demeter, standing with Homonoia,

Macedonia a
II.,

Roman

Province, 355.

Demeter, head or bust

of,

Syracuse, 253. Perinthus, 402. wearing corn-wreath,

f.,
;

Tuder, Vibo Valentia, 135. Club and bow, Philip 289, Alexander the Great, 299, Thasos, 391. Club, and bow Alexander the Great, 329
Clubs, two,
in case,

Metapontum,
turipae,
corn-ioreath,

Paestum, 100 92 Cenfacing, and wearing 178, Enna, 179 184, Leontini, 194;
.,

95,

Gela,

loear-

ff.

ing corn-ioreath

and

veil,

Petelia,

139, Enna,

Club, bow, and arrows,

Club, bow, and quiver,
Great, 327 S.

Aluntiam, 167. Luceria, 56, Alexander

f.,

180, Leontini, 194, Panormus, 210, Lysimachia,

the

387, Thasos, 390, Byzantium, 393

f.,

Byzantium

and Calchedon, 398,

Tomis, 416
veil,
;

Club, lion's skin, and bow-case,

Cock,

Luceria, Himera, 186 with Aquinum, 21,

14,
star,

Cephaloedium, 178
Panormus, 208
28,
Cales,

f.

wearing corn-wreath and

Pella, 363, Perinthus,

^Menaenum, 196,
;

facing, and

f.

400
of,

wearing Stephanos,

Suessa

Aurunca, 47, Teannm Sidicinum, 48, Uncertain

of Italy, 150.
Cockle-shell,

Tibur

or Praeneste, 8,

Ardea,

10,

Aegospotami, 385. head Demetrius, 337 Larinum, 25. Dione, head wreath, Uncertain Dionysiac head, with
Poliorcetes,
of,
f.

ivy-

of Italy,

Uncertain Aes Grave, 10, Sturnium, 64, TarenConcordia.

tum, 64, 66, 83 f. See Homonoia.

of,

Tauromenium, 256, Byzantium, 394. Dionysos, seated, on rock, Venusia, 60 in chariot

151,
;

dra-wn by panthers,

Corn, stalk

Romans

Catana, 176. Perinthus,

loith ioy,

in Sicily,

257.

See also

Dionysos, standing, with kantharos and thyrsos,

Barley, Ear, and Sheaf.

Comucopiae, Neapolis, 42 f., Paestum, 100 f., Aetna, 155, Byzantium, 394 f. ending in liead of horned animal, Larinum, 25 double, Vibo Valentia,
; ;

lis,

Cephaloedium, 179, Anchialus, 420, Philippopo443 with patera and thyrsos, Tauromenium,
;
;

256
toith

with grapes and thyrsos,

grapes
f.

and
of,

narthex- stalks,

134

f.

381
of,

Cotys IV., head

Cow, kneeling, Uncertain Thraco-Macedonian, 448. Cow, head of, Enna, 179. Bruttii, 125, Terina, 149, Agrigentum, 155 fE., Crab, holding eel, Himera, 187, Motya, 205 ^Agrigentum, 158 f.

Rhoemetalces

I.,

437.

Dionysos, young head

wreathed

Maroneia,

402

^Venusia,

60, Alaesa, 167, Amestratus, 168, Calacte, 169,

Catana,

176

polis, 277,

f., Tauromenium, 255 f., AmphiMacedonia a Roman Province, 356,

Crayfish, Solus, 219. Crescent and Star, Uncertain Aes Grave, 16, Byzantium, 394, 396, Nicopolis ad Istrum, 413,

Thessalonica, 366, Maroneia, 381 f., Thasos, 391, Byzantium, 395, Bizya, 438, Lamia, 461, Peparethus, 460 wreathed with vine, Paestum, 100.
;

Dionysos,

bearded head
f.,

of,

wreathed with
Caelia,

ivy,

Naxus, 205
67,

Thasos, 390, Peparethus, 460.

Hadrianopolis, 441.
Crescents, two, back to back,
Crescents, three,

Croton, 133 with hunter, 215. Crimisus, Crow, Laus, Laus, Crows, two,
;

Tarentum,
stars,

Dioskouroi, on horseback,
84.

65,

Tarentum,

Venusia,

Rhegium, 146, Syracuse, 251.

of,
f.,

Dioskouroi, heads or busts

Metapontum,

95,

59

f.

Paestum, 102, Rhegium, 145

Thasos, 390.

Panormus, 210,

as

Segesta,

88.

passing,

88.

Catana, 173. DioskouroB, standing beside ^Nuceria Alfaterna,

Dioskouroi, caps
of,

See also Istrus, 410.

horse,

Cuttle-fish, Syracuse, 221, 223

f.,

229, 232

f.,

236.

45.

INDEX
Diskobolos, holding diskos and balls,
44-1.

IV.
wreath,

471

Philippopolis,

Coson,
altar,

436

within wreath,

Dog,

Uncertain
62,

416; on
of Etruria, 18,

bettoeen

standards,

Tomis,
Callatia,

Eomano-Campanian,
See also Hound.
4,

410.
Eagle, flying,

Segesta,

212

fE.

lying, Syracuse, 235;

Hatria,

Croton, 130

luith serpent,

Uncertain
hare,

sZeej)iH7, Tader, 5, Hatria, 7.

Dolphin,

Volaterrae,
i),

Thracian Dynast, 425.

3,

Arimiuum,

7,

Ardea,

Uncertain Aes Grave, 10, Larinum, 25, Tarentum, 83 f., Paestum, 100, Uncertain

200; round 395 between tunny-fishes, Byzantium, 396 f., Byzantium and Mcaea, 399; icithin sicMe - shaped object, Messana, 196 f with rider, Brundusium, 61 f. See also Eros and Taras. Dolphin, head of, Uncertain Aes Grave, 15.
irideni,

of Italy, 151, Syracuse, 234, Lipara,

Byzantium,
;

Eii-ene, seated,

Agrigentum, 161. Graxa, 62 on Agrigentum, 157, 162 Ear Paestum, 102, Amphipolis, 277. Barley. Ears two, Catana, 174, Tomis, 416. 136. Elephant, Uncertain Etruria,
Eagle, head
of,

Eagles, two, on thunderbolt,

fE.

of corn,

See

also

of corn,

Locri,

of

18.

Dolphins, two,
fish,

Doves, two, meeting,

Syracuse, 233. See Scione, 272.

E

Venusia, 59

Emperors and

their families.

See Index III.

ff.,

Enyo, fighting, Bruttii,

121

Mamertini,

202,

leiih

star-fish, or jelly-

also Trident.

Deultum, 439. Ephebos. See Horseman. Hyria (Calabria), 63 Eros, playing lyre,
prow,

99

Barium, 54; seated on 120. on

sea-horse,
Bruttii,

seated on

dolphin,

Paestum,

Eagle, standing,

Croton, 131
;

f.,

Agrigentum, 155

ff.,

162, Agyrium, 165, Aphytis, 272, 286, Thessalonica, 367

Amyntas IH.,

F
Female head, or bust, in profile, Ardea, 9, Uncertain Aes Grave, 10, Gramum, 65, Tarentum, 84, Laus, 88, Metapontam, 90, Velia, 113, Cephaloedium, 179, Enna, 180, Syi-acuse, 223 ff,, 230, 237 f., Uncertain of Sicily,269; boundioith diadem, or fillet, Cumae, 30 f Hyria, 32, Neapolis, 33 ff., Nola, 44, Tarentum, 79 f., Metapontum,

loith icings open,

Tuder,
f.,

19, Lucani, 85, Bruttii, 124,

Agrigentum, 162
25,

Alaesa,

166,

Mamerfcini, 201, Panormus,

on

thunderbolt,

Lariuiim,

210
29,

Capua,

Romano-Campanian, 49 f., Venusia, 60, Hyria (Calabria), 63, Stumium, 64, Tarentum, 68,
Bruttii,

123

f.,

Locri, 138, Uncertain of Italy,

.,

150, Agrigentum, 164, Mamertini, 201, Panor-

mus, 209, Syracuse, 242 f., 245, 252, Amphipolis, 278, Alexander the Great, 295 f., Philip V., 345, Perseus, 346 f., Uncertain of Macedon, 353,
Salapia, 58, on column, 367 Croton, 130, Agrigentum, 156 f., 162 in pediment of temple, on stages head, Croton, 131 Croton, 131 on branch, Croton, 133 on hare, Agrigentum, 159 on tunny-fish, Agrigentum, 158 ff. on colt, Agrigentum, 158 on inverted bird, Agrigentum, 160 on quarry, Aluntium, 167 on plough, Perseus, 346 f. with serpent, Aesemia, 22, Agrigentum, 157, 160, Mamer-

90, 93, Velia, 112

f..

Uncertain of
loith loreath,

Italy,

150,

Syracuse, 221

bound

Social War,
;

Thessalonica,

23

f.,

Metapontum,

91, 95, Bizya,

438

turreted,

turreted Capua, 29, Romano-Campanian, 62 and veiled, Thermae Himerenses, 190, Lily;

baeum, 195

veiled,

wearing sphendone,
119, Terina, 149,

^Metapontum, 90, 93, Velia,

;

Thermae Himerenses, 190

; ;

Abacaenum, 154, Syracuse, 224,

226, 229 f ., 234

leearing steplume,

ViboValentia,

134 f., Assorus, 168 wearing Stephanos, Tauromenium, 264 surrounded by dolphins, ^Neapolis,
;

38

f.,

Motya, 205, Syracuse, 220

facing,

ff.

See also

tini,

201, Pydna, 282,

Amyntas
f .,

ing hare,

Locri,

136

attacking tunny-fish,

attaching dolphin,

Mai-cianopoHs,

Agrigentum,
410
; ;

286 Agrigentum, 158

III.,

attacJcff .,

Nymph.
Female head,

162 158, 160

Phistelia,

45

f.,

Syracuse, 235.

See also Hera,

Nymph,

Pallas.
sjia/ce,

Istrus,

holding m-eath,

Female

figure,

seated, tcith

412

on sceptre, and holding

with patera

and

sceptre,

Dium,

Seliuus,

218

361, Serdica,

INDEX
446
;

IV.

holding hand

to

face,

Pella, 365.

See

H
Persephone, Enna, 180. Populonia, Tuder, 4 open, Tibur or PraeHand, Ardea, Paestum, 101, Alaesa, 166. Hands, Hare, Rhegium, 140, Messana, 197 Harpa, iu oak- wreath, Philip V., 344 with Harpocrates, standing, Perinthus, 399 Catana, 176. Hadrianopolis, 441, Philippopolis, Hebros,

also City-goddess.

Female

figure, standing, with

patera and cormieopiae,

Hades, carrying

off

Philippopolis, 444; with ears 445, of corn and City-goddess. 446. See 137. Fides crowning Roma, Dolphin. Amphipolis, 275. See Fist, Hatria, Fishes, two, Leontini, 194. ornament, Tuder,
patera and sceptre,
also
sceptre,

Rubi,

57, Entella, 180,

Panormns, 209

with

Hammer and
neste, 8,

tongs,

17.

in cestus,

f.

PlotinopolLs,

Serdica,

9.

clasped,

Locri,

ff.

7,

also

f.

Isis,

Fish-sisine

5.

Forhuna.

See Tyche.

reclining,

443.

Heifer, Byzantium,395; on doZp/jiw, Byzantium,393.

Perinthus, 403. Galley. See Prow, Gateway, Hadrianopolis, 442. Gaul, bust Ai'iminum, warrior, Ariminum, Gelas, head Gela, 183 S. Gelon, head Syracuse, Enna, 180, Himera, 190; Go&t, Amphipolis, 277, MaceAegae, 267 donia a Roman Province, 356, Thessalonica, 366, with Aenus, 377, Aegospotami, 385
Gaia,
Stern.
of,

Byzantium, with Pherae, 455. Pherae, 455. Hekate, head Helios, in quadriga, Perinthus, 403. Aetna, Helios, head or bust
Hekate,
rwnning,
torches,

396;

riding on hidl,

of, facing,

of,

in profile,

154,

Entella,

180,

Syracuse, 253,
13,

Philip V., 344;

4.

Gaulisli

19.

Helmet, facing,

of,

of,

'245.

Velecha, Metapontum, 95. Mesembria, 421 incuse square, Lete, 266, Perdiccas 284 Campanian, Uncertain 259 Macedonian, Macefacing,
;

in
;

II.,
;

of Sicily,

reclining,

Icneeling,

don, 339, Antigonus Gonatas, 342, Demetrius

II.,

standing,

342, Philip v., 345, Edonis, 350, Uncertain of

Macedon, 353.

rider,

Hen,

Himera, 188
Goats,

f
of,

Hephaistos, seated,
II.,

Perdiccas 284. Amphipolis, 276, ThessaPhilip V., 344. 366 Odessas, standing, Odessus, 418 God, mighty, Odessus, 419. Tarentum, 67 facing, Goddess, head Laus, 88. Goose, Eion, 265. Camarina, 170, Populonia, Gorgon, head Neapolis (Maoedon), 264, Himera, 188 Syracuse, Apollonia (Thrace), 420; on
Goat, forepart or head two,
contending,
;

lonica,

Icneeling,

Himera, 186. Lipara, 260. Populonia, ArimiHephaistos, head or bust Aesernia, 22, Lipara, 261. num, Capua, 30, VenuHera, head or bust
of,

17,

19,

of,

in profile,

of

f.

reclining,

of,

in profile,

Thermae Himerenses, 189 f., Panormus, 209 facing, Kyria,, 33, Croton, 131 f. Herakles, seated, Thermae Himerenses, 189 f.,
sia,

60,

Topirus, 447.

Herakles, reclining,

Croton, 131
;

f.

of,

16,

Herakles, standing, with usual attributes,

Heraclea,
type,

f.,

86

f.,

Croton, 133, Thasos, 391

f.

Farnese

aegis,

Pautalia,
Tomis, 416
ing
;

443

with patera,

224.

Grapes, bunch

of,

Neapolis, 67, Calaote, 169, Catana,

Tauromenium, 254
f.,

173, Naxus, 205 S.,

Byzan-

tium, 395, 397, Hadrianopolis, 440.

See also

Viue-brancb
Griffin,

Grifiin,

Abdera, Abdera, 382 running, Alba Fuoentis, 21, Alaesa, 165 383 Panticapaeum, 423. holding forepart or head Uncertain Aes Grave,
seated,
;

if.

rearing,

lance,

of,

15,

Panticapaeum, 423.

Heraclea, 87, Perinthus, 401 Heraclea, 86. Herakles, strangling Tarentum, 80, Croton, Suessa 132, Serdica, 447 contending Aurunca, 47, Tarentum, 67, 81 Heraclea, 85 Syracuse, 226 Tarentum, hdl, Selinus,217; 80; Thasos, carrying Erymanthian boar, Perinthus, 390 402; Hadrianopolis, 441.
himself,

with apple,

Heraclea,
446
;

88,

Serdica,

crown-

crowned by

Nilce,

serpents,
;

i.oith

lion,

ff.,

f.,

seizing horse,

seizing
f.
;

shooting,

seizing stag,

INDEX
Herakles, head
of,

IV.

473
polis,

beai-ded, Agyrium, 165, Menaoin

Sicily,

mim, 196, Romans

69.

411

ff.,

258,

Perintlnis,

400, Tomis, -116; wearing

lion's

s/./k, Teate,

Lncani,

85,

Briittii,

120, Vibo Valentia^

Uncertain of Italy, 151, Camarina, 169, Gela, 184., Thermae Himerenses, 190, laeta, 191, Solus, 219, Amyntas III., 'ISQ, Philip V., 34-1,
135,

Perinthus, 402. Homonoia, head 459. Horse, standing, Nuceria, 139, Uncertain 151, Amyntas 28G feeding, 452 walldng, Gela, 182, Demetrius
with Demoter,
of,

Anchialus, 420, Philipijopolis, 444

Thessali,

of Italy,

III.,

Larissa,
(BisalI.,

f.

tae), 269, Perdiccas II., 284,

Archelaus
f.,

285,

Thasos, 391

wearing wreath,AXuniium, 167, Centnripae, 178, Cephaloedium, 178 f.; loearing

;

Pausanias, 286, Audoleon, 348

Thessalonica,
;

taenia,

Tanromenium, 255.
of, beardless,

368, Gyrton, 450, Larissa, 453, Thessali, 459 prancing, cantering, or trotting, Luceria, 14,

Herakles, head

wearing
Etrnria,

lion's slcin,

Romano-Campanian, 50

f.,

Arpi, 53,

Grumum,

Lnceria, 14, 56, Uncertain Aes Grave, 16, Vetulonia,

55, Salapia, 58, Agrigentum, 161, Alaesa, 165,

17,

Uncertain of

18,

Teannm

Sidicinnm, 48, Romano-Campanian, 61, Hyria (Calabria), 63, Tarentum, 68, Lncani, 85,

Camarina, 171, Gela, 185, Syracuse, 226, 233 f., Siculo-Punio, 257, Uncertain of Sicily, 259, Amphipolis, 277, Perdiccas II., 284, Alexander
the Great, 330, Philip V., 345, Audoleon, 349,
f., Uncertain Thracian Dynast, 425, Larissa, 451 f., Thessali, 457 f. galloping, Alba Fuoentis, 12, Thessali,
;

Metapontnm, 95, Velia, 119, Bmttii, 123, Agrigentum, 161, Camarina, 170, Gela, 183 f., Thermae Himerenses, 190, Messana, 200, Mamertini,

Thessalonica, 367, Maroneia, 379

201, 203, Syracuse, 224, 243

f.,

f.,

Romans

in

Amphipolis, 276, Philippi, 281, Pydna, 282, Archelans I., 285, Amyntas III.,
286, 295,

SicUy, 257

459.

Horse, forepart

of,

Maroneia, 379

f.,

Crannon, 449,

Perdiccas

III.,

Alexander

287, Philip H., 289, 293, the Great, 295 f., 299 S.,
fE.,

Tricca, 456.

Horse, head and neck

gellae,

Philip ni., 332

345,

Cassander,

334

ff.,

11,

of, Formiae, Fundi or FreRomano-Campanian, 51, Larissa,

Antigonus Gonatas, 342, Philip V., 344, Perseus, 347, Amphaxitis, 351, Macedon under 'the

451, Pharsalus, 455.

of, Tarentum, 84. Horseman, armed, walking, Tarentum, 70, 77, 79, Alexander I., 283, Perdiccas II., 284, Larissa, 452 prancing or cantering, Capua, 29, Nea-

Horse, head

Romans, 357, Thessalonica, 366, Lysimachus, 425 f. wearing lion's sJcin, and facing, Populonia, 16, Tarentum, 83, Selinus, 218, Uncertaia of Macedon, 353 loearing wreath, Callatia, 409. Herakles, two figures of, Heraclea, 88. Hermes, standing, holding caduceus, Metapontum,
;

polis,42,

Tarentum, 70, 72

fE.,

77

f.,

Gela, 182

f.,

Syracuse, 247, Perdiccas

II.,

284, Byzantium,

94, Aenus,

378 holding branch and caduceus, Rhegium, 145 holding purse and caduceus, Aenus, 378, Mcopolis ad Istrum, 414, Deultnm,
; ;

397, Larissa, 453, Pelinna, 454; galloping, Larinum, 25, Canusium, 65, Amestratus, 168, Romans in Sicily, 258 crowning his horse,
;

;
.

439, Hadrianopolis, 441.

Hermes, agalma
377.

Hermes, head
petasos,
tis,

Ardea,

Aenus, 378 or bust Aenus,

of,
;

ore

throne,

Aenus,
wearing

Tarentum, 69; strilcing at foe, Patraus, 348, spearing lion, Philippopolis, 444 Byzantium, Tarentum, 68 f 397 vaulting from horse,
;
;

welcomed by

Nil-e,

Tarentum, 73

dismounted,
Segesta,

of,

378

Tarentum,

71,

Mamertini,

203,

216,

9,

Populonia, 17, Alba Fncen47,

Bisaltae, 268, Mosses, 269,

21, Suessa

Aumnca,

Romano-Luoerian,

Horseman, unarmed, standing,

walking,

Metapontum, 95, Calacte, 169, Catana, 176, Tragilus, 281, Aenus, 378, Sestos, 387, Samothrace, 388 facing, with close-fitting petasos, Aenus, 377. Hieron, head of, Sjrraouse, 247. Hieronymus, head of, Syracuse, 249 f. Himera, sacrificing, Himera, 187 f.
56,
;

290 Tarentum,

Leontini, 192, Syracuse, 232, Philip Neapolis, 42, S.; prancing or

cantering,
71, 78, Philip II.,
III.,

Alexander L, 283. Tarentum, 70 f., 77;

IT.,

293

ff.,

Alexander

the Great, 330, Philip

Pharsalus, 454
f.
;

galloping,

panian, 52, Tarentum, 69,78; crowning himself,

;

Hipparis, bust

of,

facing,

Homonoia, standing,

Perinthus, 400, 403, Marciano-

Camarina, 170.

his horse, Tarentum, 71, 73, 75 Tarentum, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75 ff., 79 f., Cassander, 335 f., Antigonus Gonatas, 342, Philip V., 344,

Romano-Cam crowning
3 P

334, Crannon, 449,

474
Perseus, 347,

INDEX
Macedon under
tlie

IV.

Romans, 357
;

Janus, head

of,

Volaterrae,

3,

Ardea,

9,

Panormus,
f.,

leading spare horse,

ing from horse,

Himera, 188, Motya, 206; welcomed by youth, Tsxentum, 72, 74. Horsemen, two. See Dioskouroi. Hound, Alba Fucentis, 12, Nuceria AHaterna, 46,
70, 76,

Tarentum,

Suessa Aurunca, 47

vault-

210, Syracuse, 253,

Thessalonica, 368.

Romans

in Sicily, 257

K
Kabeiros, standing,
loitli

Bryx, 181,

Mamerfcini, 200,

Segesta,
also

215

f.

Segesta, 215. See Dog. Segesta, 216. Hyblaea, bust Hybla Magna, 191. Hygieia, standing, Bhegium, 146, Dionysopolis, 410,
ivorrying hare,

rhyton and hammer,

Hunter, with dogs,

of,

Nicopolis ad Istrum, 4] 3, Tomis, 418, Pautalia,

442, Serdica, 446.

Hygieia and Asklepios.

See Asklepios and Hygieia.

Hypsas,

sacrificing,

Seliaus, 217.

Thessalonica, 374 Kamarina, on swan, Camarina, Kantharos, Tarentum, Abdera, 383, Peparethus, 460. Kapaneus, storming Bizya, 438. Kyane, head Syracuse, 232, 235. Tomis, 418. Kybele, Kyme, head Cumae,
hammer,
;

salonica, 368, 373,

376

with agonistic urn and

in

shrine,

ThesThes-

salonica, 373.

seated

170.

83,

city,

of,

seated,

of,

30.

Idols,

two archaic,

Capua,

30.

Incuse square, gimdripa.rtite,

Velia,
382
f.,

112, Orresoii,

263, Neapolis (Macedonia), 264, Eion, 265, Lete, 266, Aegae, 267, Bisaltae, 268, Acanthus, 270
f.,

Larissa, seated,
Larissa,

of,

Larissa, 452.
facing,

Maroneia,

379,

Abdera,
; '

Thasos,

Panticapaeum, 423
scallop,

mill-sail' pattern,
;

Himera,
containing

389,

head
f.

and in

profile,

Larissa,

452
Leaf,

186, Selinus, 216, Byzantium, 393

Syracuse,
cuse,
;

^Messana, 196
219, 224
;

Laurel-bough,

f
.

containing female head, containing star,

230; containing helmet, Lete, 266, Pei*dicoas II., 284 containing ram's head, Maroneia, containing symbols and letters, 379 Thracian

Syra-

Chersonesus, 385
269, Alexander
I.,

containing square, Mosses,

283.

lo crossing Bosporos,
lolaos,
Isis,

Isis,

Isis

Byzantium, 393. burning heads hydra, Agyrium, 166. standing, Agyrium, 165, Cataua, 174 Leon194, Syracuse, 262 with Harpocrates, Catana, 176; quadriga, Syracuse, 261. head Syracuse, 253. and Sarapis, heads or busts Catana,
of
f.,

Centuripae, 177. Syracuse, 225, 229. Leakippus, head Metapontum, 91 bust Thessalonica, 370. Lion, Cassander, 334 standing,Teate, Paestum, 101, Leontini, 194, Amphipolis, 276 114 or prowling, 46,
Leopard,
Leukaspis, charging,
of,

Centuripae, 178.

Selinus, 216.

Libertas,

of,

seated,

59,
;

wfdliing,

Phistelia,

Velia,

ff.,

Messana, 200, Syracuse, 238

f.,

Cassander, 336,

tini,

in

Macedon under the Romans,' 357, 360, Augusta Trajana, 447; running, Heraclea, 85, Velia, Velia, about to spring, 117, Lysimachus, 435

of,

112

f
j

with prey,

of, jugate,

204

leaping on stag,

174, Perinthus, 399.

Isis,

bull,

head-dress

of,

Syracuse, 253,
f.

Italia, seated
Italia,

on

shields,

head

of,

Social War, 23

Social War,

Perinthus, 400.
24.

holding spear, Mateola, 57; Uncertain 151 holding Perdiccas 287, Cardia, 386. Perdiccas 284, Aeropus, 285 Lion, forepart
Canipa.nian,

^Acanthus, 270
60;

Velia,
f.;

117

f.,
f.

Morgantina,
;

Velia, 113

leaping on

holding sioord,

Romano;

holding thyrsos,

of Italy,

javelin,

III.,

of,

II.,

running,

Janiform head, /emaZe,

of Sarapis,

Rhegium, 144, Syracuse, 233 Catana, 177.

Velia, 112, Acanthus, 270; Thracian Chersonesus, 385. Leontini, 193, Archelaus Lion, head amid barleycorns, Leontini, 191
ing prey,

Leontini, 194, Lysimachus, 435; devourloolcing

I.,

back,

of,

285;

S.

INDEX
Lion, scalp
of,

IV.

475

Rbegimn,

140

fi.,

Leontiui, 192,

Nemesis, standirg
404.
Nike, seated,

Marcianopoli*^, 412,
;

Nicopolis ad

Panticapaeum, 423.
Lyre,

Tnder,

Istrum, 416, Deultum, 439

winged,

Perinthus
Bruttii,

5,

Capua, 30, Canusium, 55, Thurium,

f.,

112, Vibo Yalentia, 136, Rhegium, 142

145,

Adranum, 154, Alaesa,

turipae, 177,

166, Calacte, 169, Cen-

Nike, standing, crowning trophy,

Lilybaeum, 195, Menaenum, 196, Syracuse, 231, Tauromenium, 254, Olyntlms, 272,
Bottice, 274, Edonis, 351, Pella, 363, Perinthus,

ing loreath to
;

399.

Lyre and omphalos,

Neapolis, 41
M

f.

Capua, 29, Syracase, 238 attach palm-branch, Romano-Campanian, 52 holding Tarentum, 84 holding caduceus, Terina, 148; holding and palm, Hipponium, 134, Mamertini, 203,
122
f
;
.

Terina, 146

fE.,

Morgantina, 204.

erecting trophy,

thunderbolt,

loreath

Philippi,

282, Alexander the Great, 297, Stobi, 365, Thessalonlca, 368,

Byzantium, 397
;

f.

sacrificing bull,

Syracuse,

252

holding loreath and arvXi^,

S., Philip HI.,

;
;

Alexander the Great, 296

on proiD, blowing trmupct,
f.
;

331

f.

Maenad, standing, Fybla Magna, 191 Maenad, head of, Neapolis (Apulia), 57, Edonis, 350. Male figure, seated, holding various objects, Taren-

holding acrostolion and crTvXk,

tnm, 65

f.,

Male

figure, reclining,

Bizya, 438. Male standing, idth arm, Caulonia, 126 Caulonia, 127
figure,
leaf,

Rhegium, 141, Aenus, 378. holding kantharos and Ihyrsos,

small figure cm extended
;

Demetrius Thessalonica, 372 337 writing on welcoming horseman, Tarentum, holding and palm, Catana, Nike, advancing,
shield,

Antigonus, 336
73.

Poliorcetes,
;

loreath

176, Stobi, 365, Thessalonica, 370, 372

f.,

Tomis,

417,
holding branch and ivy-

Hadrianopolis,

441,
the.

Philippopolis,

escorting Alexander

Great,

Macedon

444 imder

f.
;

holding hranch,

lonia,

127

f.
;

loith staff

Cauand parazonium, RheloreatJi

the Romans, 357

Thessalonica, 373
;

carrying trophy on pole,

holding Kabeiros and palm,

ff.

Thessalonica, 372

gium, 144
hranch,

Male head, Canusium, 55 helmeted, 119 Perdiccas 284

Velia,
11.,
;

Tarentum, 66 helmeted and without diademed, Hephaestia, Abacaenum, 153 388 bearded, and Odessus, 418 bearded, and Sarbearded, and wearing peculiar 180, 262 bearded, and
;

of Egyptian type, with Syracuse^ 253.

archaic,

and

Nike, flying,

Camarina,
f
;
.

169;

holding aplustre,

Himera, 188 dusium, 61 f.

croioning

crowning Poseidon,

neclc,

Heraldes,

horseman,

laureate,

crowning biga,
riga,

icearing

taenia,

Camarina,
ff.,

Heraclea, Tarentum, 67, 71 Messana, 197

f.

crowning Taras,

BrunTarentum, 77;
86
f.,
;

crowning
74,

77

f.,

crowning quad-

head-dress,

181

dinia,

helmeted,

Entella,

220
47,

ff.

169 f., Catana, 171, fi., Gela, Himera, 187, Leontini, 191 f., Syracuse, Cales, 28, crowning man-headed bidl,

Syracuse, 234.
ippos,

See also Adranus, Byzas, Leuk-

Neapolis, 33

ff.,

41, Nola, 44, Suessa Auranca,

;

and Toang male head.

Marks of Value, Volaterrae, 3, Iguvium, 4, Uncertain Aea Grave, 6, Hatria, 7, Ardea, 10, Himera, 188 f.,
Marsyas, standing,

Teanum

Sidicinum, 48
bull,

man-headed

Medusa, head

386, Deultum, 440. Amphipolis, 278. ^Viminacium, and Moesia, standing, betw^een
Coela,
of,

Panormus, 208

f.

within wreath,

Himera, 189.

Gela, 182 Thurium, 106, 111 Croton, 132.

;

crowning forepart of crowning bidl,

croioning lion,

Velia,

118;

croioning tripod,

Nike, driving, in biga,

120,

Atella, 26, Cales, 27, Bruttii,

Menaenum,
ff.,

195, Messana, 200, Syracuse,

bull

lion,

241, 245

252,

Macedon under the Romans,

;

407

fE.

Monster, forepart
Mussel-shell,

of,

Cumae, 30

Himera, 188.
f.

359, Pautalia, 442

in triga,

num, 48

in quadriga,

Romano-Lucerian,

Teanum

Sidici-

56,

Agrigentum, 157, Syracuse, 241, 246. Metapontum, 94 f., Bruttii, Nike, head or bust of,

120

f .,

124

f.

surrounded by dolphins,

Syracuse,
in chair,

N
Negro, head
of,

221.

Nymph,

seated, on swan,

Camarina, 170;

Uncertain

of Etruria, 18.

Larissa, 452.
3 r 2

476

INDEX

IV.

Nymph, sacrificing, Nymph, abduction

Lete,

266

Nymph, head

of,

Himera, 187 hy hy Thasos, 389. Catana, 173,

f.

of,

centaur,

Orrescii,

263,

satyr,

Tarentum, 74, 76, 78, 80 ff., Heraclea, 85 f., 88, Metapontum, 94, Thurium, 103 ff., Velia, 113 ff., Rhegium, 145, Calacte, 168, Camarina, 170 f.,
Morgantina,
204,
Solus,

in profile,

Himera,

219,

Syracuse,

224,

189, Motya, 205, PhalaiiDa, 454

facing,

^Aba-

Acanthus, 271, Amphipolis, 278, Macedonia a

caenum, 154, Segesta, 214, Gomphi^ 450, Scotussa^

455.

Roman

Province, 356, Pella, 363, Thessalonica,

;

See also Larissa, Pelorias, Segesta, Sikelia,

Terina.

wear367, Lysimachus, 435, Pharsalus, 454 f. Tibur (or Praeneste), 8, ing Corinthian helmet,

Nymphs^ three,

standing,

Thermae Himerenses, 190.

O

Ardea,
17,

9,

Uncertain Aes Grave, 10, Populoiiia,

21,

Aquinum,

Aesemia, 22, Cales, 27

f.,

Suessa Aurunca, 47,

Teanum

Sidicinum, 48,
54,
Caelia,

Romano- Campanian,
54
f.,

51, Azetium,

f.,

Venusia, 69
Oath, taking of, Social War, 23
Obelisk on base,
Olive,
of,

Atella, 27.

Byzantium, 394. sprig Rhegium, 141 Omphalos, ^Mamertini, 202. Omphalos and Neapolis, 41 Orpheus, playing Philippopolis, 445. Owl, standing, Uncertain Etruria, Tarentum, 74, Vibo Valentia, 135, Panormus, 209, Myrina, Popuon 388, Peparethus, 460 17 on column, Azetium, 64, Teate, 58, Tarentum, 78 on hranch, Teate, 59, Venusia, Tarentum, Velia, 113, 119, 60, Uncertain on Teate, 59, 150 Tarentum, 68, 125 on 76; on amphm-a, Calacte, 168, Tauromenium, 256 holding Camarina, 170. Ox,Tuder, Ox, head Panticapaeum, 423. Assorus, Oxen, yoke
f.

86

f.,

58 f., Tarentum, 68, 80 f., Heraclea, Metapontum, 94, Velia, 118, Bruttii, 125,
Luceria, 56,
f.,

Mateola, 57, Teate,

Croton,

133,

Hipponium, 134, Vibo Valentia,

f..

135, Locri, 137

Uncertain of

Italy, 150, 152,

lyre,

f.

lyre,

of

18,

Panormus, 209, Syracuse, 233, 239 f., 244, 250, 262, Tauromenium, 255 f., Uncertain of Sicily, 269, Alexander the Great, 296 &., Philip IH., 331 f., Antigonus, 336, Demetrius Poliorcetes,
338, Antigonus Gonatas, 341, Thessalonica, 367,

value- marlis,

Myrina, 388, Samothrace, 389

wearing Phrygian

lonia,

helmet, Veli&, 117

Pallas,

f.

head or bust
204,

of,

facing,

Tarentum,
232,

81,

74,

76,

78,

Heraclea, 86, Metapontum, 95, Velia, 117, Morgantina,

of
;

Italy,

har,

Syracuse,

229,

Audoleon,

Bruttii,

thunderbolt,

348
Pan,

f.,

Pan, seated,

Phalanna, 454, Pharsalus, 445.

Pella, 364.

lizard,

standing,

Bruttii,

120

f.

erecting trophy,

in

6.

Antigonus Gonatas, 341.

Pan, head or bust
bearded,
of,

of,

of^

16i;.

Maccduniait shield,

Antigonus

Salapia, 58, Pella,

362

Gonatas, 340;

Pegasos,

Formiae, Fundi
;

Panticapaeum, 423.
or Pregellae, 11, Romano-

Pallas,

seated,

holding Nike,
f.,

Macedon

under the
if.,

Eomans, 357
tocos, 436.

361, Lysimachus, 426

Scos-

Pallas, standing,

Locri, 138, Camarina, 169, Dium, 361, Nicopolis ad Istrum, 414, Deultum, 440 holding Nike, Ehegium, 145, Amphipolis, 278 Heraclea, 88 on Mamertini, 202, Deultum, 439
; ;

Syracuse, 232, 234. ^Messana, 199 head Persephone, 138. Persephone, standing, Catana, 177.
Pegasos, forepart
Pelorias,
of,

Campanian, 61, Croton, 131, Locri, 138, Entella, 180, Syracuse, 232, 234 f.,239, 244, 248, Tauromenium, 255 f. feeding, Panticapaeum, 424.
of,
f.

seated,

Locri,

Persephone, head

of,

icearing wreath of corn,

Arpi,

lefore altar,

the defensire,
;

53, Heraclea, 87,

Metapontum, 92

ff.,

Paestum,

fighting,

100
241

f .,

Croton, 133, Aetna, 156, Agrigentum, 164,

180,

Syracuse, 243
Pallas, running,

f.

See also Athena.

ff.

Entella,
ff.,

Panormus, 209, Syracuse, 234,

253, Siculo-Punic, 257, Cardia,

Caelia, 55, Bruttii, 121

248

f.,

Pallas, driving quadriga,

Camarina, 169.
in profile, wearing Athenian
f.,

Pallas, bust or
helmet,

head

of,

386; surroiinded by dolphins, Centuripae, 177 f., Syracuse, 227, 236 ff. diademed, Locri, 138.
Perseus, hero, head
of,

Hyria,

31

Neapolis, 33, Nola, 44,

Amphipolis, 276,
;

Philip V.,

i:Ndex
345,
Perseus,

IV.

477

346
f.
;

f.,

Macedonia

Roman

Pi-ovince,

355

in 3I(tccdonian shield,

Philip

v., 343, 345.

Perseus, Eling, head

Perseus, 346. Phei-aimon, charguig, Messana, 199 PhUip v., head of,Philip V., 343. head 246. Pig, Paestum, 102, Abacaenum, 153. Dioskouroi, 173. Plough, Centuripae, 178; dniwii by
of,

f.

Panormus, 210, 212, Uncertain Ram, forepart Samothrace, 389. Ram, head Uncertain Aes Grave,
Ram,
standing,
Sicily,

of

259, Hephaestia, 388, Samothrace, 388.

of,

of,

^Velecha,

13,

Philistis,

of,

Syractise,

15, Maroneia, 379.

Rhoemetalces

1.,

head

of,

Pilei of

Cafcana,

River-god, seated,

serpents,

180.

Poseidon, seated, holding dolphin and trident,

mus, 20S

holding aplustre and trident,

Eima, PanorDeme121

Leontini, 194; Catana, 173, Hadrianopolis, 441, Pautalia, 442, Assorus, 168, 443 Leontini, 193, 215 217. Catana, 173, Leontini, River-god, head or bust
recliniuij,

437.

Philip-

popolis,
;

standing,

Segesta,

sacrificing,

Selinus,

of,

trius Poliorcetes, 338,

Byzantium, 393, Byzantium

sceptre,

194, Panormus, 208.

nos,

See also Akragas,

Amenacrowned

and Calchedon, 398.

Poseidon,
standing,
holding

stnMng with
trident,

trident,

Anapus, Assinos, Gelas, Hipparis, Strymon.

Bruttii,

Roma,

seated, croiened by Fides,

Poseidonia, 96 &., Sybaris,

.

by City-goddess,

337 Demetrius Nihe and Byzantium, 394.

Poliorcetes,
trident,

103, Demetrius Poliorcetes, 337 f

leaning on
f.
;

holding

Roma, standing, Roma, head of,

Thessalonica, 371.
loearing Fhryijiitn
helmet,
;

Bdessa,

Locri,

137

362.

Romano-

Poseidon, bust or head

of,

wreathed,

Brundusium,

Paestum, 99 ff., Messana, 199 f.. Solus, 219, Antigonus, 340, Philip V., 343 f., ByzanPaestum, tium, 395 ; wearing diadem or taenia, 100, Bruttii, 120, Syracuse, 248, 250 f., Amphi61
f.,

Campanian, 52, Amphipolis, 276, Macedonia a 'wearing Athenian Roman Province, 355 f. Metapontam, 94. helmet,

Rose,Tragilus,

281.

Macedonia a Roman Proviace, 355, Aenus, 378, Byzantium, 394, Byzantiujn and Calchedon, 398, Tomis, 416. Romano - Lucerian, 56, Panormus, 210, Prow,
polis,

276

f.,

S
Sarapis,
seated,

Pella, 363,

Callatia,
;

410,

Anchialus,

419, 401,

Hadrianopolis, 441

standing,

Perinthus,
176,

Amphipolis,

Demetrius Poliorcetes, 338, Philip v., 344, Byzantium, 395, Byzantium and
277,

403, Odessus, 419, Hadrianopolis, 441.

Sarapis, head or bust of,

Catana,

Menaenum,
399
;

Calchedon, 398, Demetrias, 450.

Eros, Nike, Warrior.

See also Apollo,

Dionysopolis, Janiform, Catana, 177.

Oordian,

195

f .,

Syracuse,

252,

Perinthus,
410,

loith

Odessus,

419

Sarapis and

Isis,

heads or busts

of,

Catana,
;

174,

Perinthus, 399.

Q
QaaAvigSb, fast,

Satyr, hieeling,

Atella, 26, Luceria, 56,

AgTigentum,

157, Camarina, 170, Catana, 172 f., Leontini, 191, Selinus, 218, Syracuse, 224 fi., 236, 241,

246, Cherronesus,
Gela, 181
Selinus,
ff.,

422 sloio, Catana, 171 Himera, 187' Leontini, 191

;

f.,

f.,

217,
;

Syracuse,

219

ff.,

Perinthus, 401

containing agalma,

Syracuse,
;

246,

251,

266, Thasos, 390 carrying Thasos, 389. See Pan. Agrigentum, 161, Messana, 196 tearing dolphin, 410. Sea-horse, Tarentum, 65, Syracuse, 233. Segesta, 212 S. Segesta, head Naxus, 206 Coela, toashing himself fountain, 386, Bizya, 438
Lete,

off

nymph,

also

Scallop-shell,

f.

Sea-eagle,

Istrus,

of,

Seilenos,

seated,

f.

standing,
at

Himera, 187.
Seilenos,

bow, Alaesa, 167 Thessalonica, 367 Alexander the and with Great, 327 Syracuse, 253. Quiver-like

251.

head

of,

facing,

Hatria,
;

7,

Macedonia a

Qaiver,

luith

Roman

Province, 356

in profile,

Tuder,

19,

club

boio,

Luceria, 56,

Metapontum, 95, Catana, 171, 173.

Selene in biga,
Selinon
leaf,

ff.

object,

Capua, 216.
Selinus,

29, Perinthus, 403.

478
Selinos sacrificing,

INDEX IV

Serpent, coiled,
polis, 442,

Selinus, 217.
;

Terina, head

of,

Terina, 146

ff.

Nicopolis ad Istrum, 414, Hadriano-

Temple, Paestum, 102, Panormus, 211,

375
;

Thessalonica,

Pautalia, 443 baenm, 195, Nicopolis ad Istrum, 413

staf,

round tripod,

Lily-

round

of divinity, Thessalonica, 373, ApoUonia (Ihrace), Nicopolis ad Istrum, 415

loiih statue
;

Syracuse, 253.
of,

421.
crested,

Serpent, liead and neck

Uncertain

Aes

Temples, two,

Macedon under the

445.

Romans, 359

f.,

Grave, 15.
Serpents, yoke
of,

Perinthus, 401.

winged,

Sheaf of corn,
Shell.

Enna, 180.
339, Antigonus,
II.,

Thalassa,

Leontini, 194.

Thanatos, standing,

Perinthus, 403. Hadrianopolis,

of,

441, Philippo-

See Cookie, Mussel, Scallop.

polis, 445, Plotinopolis,

Shield,

Macedonian,
342,

Macedonia,
Bottiaia,

340,

Demetrius

342, Philip V., 343, 352,

Thessalonica, bust
Thetis,
Thetis,

345, Edonis, 350,

Uncertain of

Macedon, 353, Macedonian Confederations, 354,

Macedonia a Roman Province, 356, Macedon under the Romans, 360.

Sickle-shaped object,

Bizya, 438. Thessalonica, 368, 120. with Eros, on 121, 125. head of. Uncertain Aes Grave, Thunderbolt, Ardea,
Theoxenia,
sea-horse,
Bruttii, Bruttii,
9,

10,

Luceria, 14, Consentia, 128, Uncertain of Italy,

containing

dolphin,

Messana,

152, Syracuse, 234

of

f.,

Philip 11, 345, Uncertain

196
Sikelia,

f.

]Macedon,

353

winged,

Hyria

(Calabria),

head of, Herbessus, 185. Skylla, Alliba, 26. Social War, Soldier, facing, with ox,

63,

Vibo Valentia, 134,

Catana, 171, 173,

Locri, 137, Agrigentum,

162,
23.

Centuripae, 177, Syra-

See also

cuse,

239

f.,

249

f.,

Bottiaia, 352,
;

Macedon under

Warrior.
Soldiers, taking oath,

the Romans, 360

f.

in oalc-wreath,

Philip V.,

Sow and

Abacaenum, 154. Spear-point, Tuder, wheel, with nave, Luceria, Spokes

pig,
5.

Social War,

23, Atella, 27.

Thyrsos, leaning on tripod,

Toad,
14.

of

Sprig of olivej Rhegium, 141

Square, with pellets,
square.

f.

Abdera, 384.
f.

See also Incuse

Stag, Caulonia, 127

Stalk of corn.
Standards, two,
Moesia.

See

Com.
See also Dacia and

Standards, three,
Star,

Syracuse, 230, Uncertain Crescent and Lipara, 261, Edonis, Stern

also
star.

Callatia, 410.

Philippi, 282.
of Sicily, 259.

See

Panticapaeum, 424. Tader, Luceria, Tomis, 416. Tomos, head Hadrianopolis, 441. Tonzos, SyraTorch, long, Syracuse, 253 243. Amphipolis, 275 between caps of Torch, Kaheiroi, Hephaestia, 388. Menaenum, 196 Torches, two, Byzantium and Nicaea, 398 Alba Fucentis, Uncertain Aes Grave, Uncertain Aes Tuder, Trident, Ariminum,
5,

344.

14.

of,

river,

within loreath,

cuse,

racing,

crossed,

upright,

f.

Tortoise,

12,

15.

4,

5,

Grave, 15, Paestum, 100, Messana, 199, Syracuse,

350, Bottiaia, 250, Lipara, 261, Edonis, 350
;

of ship,

352, Panticapaeum, 424.

Stesichorus, reading,

^Vetulonia,

heticeen dolphins,
i.,

17, Messana,

199

Syracuse, 248,

Strymon, head of, Edonis, 350 f. Syracuse, 235. Swastica ornament,

Thermae Himerenses,

190.

251, Byzantium, 394.

Triga, fast,

Teanum

Sidicinum, 48.

Tripod,Neapolis, 43, Thurium, 112, Velia, 119, Croton, 128 ff., Mystia and Hyporon, 138, Rhegium, 143 f., Agrigentum, 164, Centuripae,
178, Leontini,
193, Morgantina, 204, Syracuse,
f.,
;

T
Table,

with

agonistic

urn,

Macedon
445
;

231, 251, Tauromenium, 254

Philippi, 281,

under
loitJi

the

Cassander,

334

f.,

Romans,
agonistic

360,
urns,

^Macedon

Philippopolis,

two

sprays of laurel,
by balls,

under
64

the

Romans,

359.
Taras, on dolphin,

Tarentum,

ff.,

84.

Thessalonica, 374 with entwined, Lilybaeum, 195, Nicopolis ad Istrum, 413 with Panticapaeum, 424.
f.
;

^Amphaxitis,

Pella,

3G3

surmounted by
;

351

surmounted
serpent

thyrsos,

INDEX
Triptolemos, standing,

IV.

479
hieeJing, 454 Horseman armed.
;

Enna, ISO.
2;]8,

Cherronesus,

422.

Sec

aho

Triqaetra of legs, Syracuse,

Uncertain Tliraco-

Macedonian, 448; wUh

cuse, 238,

(lonjon^ head,

Syra-

Warrior, head
209.

of,

Romans

Hyria

(Calabria), 63,

Panormus,

in Sicily,

258

nuth.

(umjoii's

head and ears of

209, 211.

6a)%, laeta,

191, Panormus,

Trophy, Caelia,

54, Lysimachus, 435.

Tunny-fishes and dolphin,

Byzantium, 396

Water-nymph, head of, facing, Abacaenum, 154. Wheel, archaic, Alba Fucentis, 11 f of eight spolces, Uncertaiu Aes Grave, 15, Lnceria, 56
of six
spolces,
spolces,

f.,

Byzan-

tium and Nicaea, 399.

Tyche, -with rudder and cornucopiae,
drianopolis,

442;

standing,

Byzantium,

seated,

Ha897,

Uncertain Tarentum,
64,

of Etruria, 18

of four

Agyrium, 165, Gela,

184, Syracuse, 221, 230, Acanthus, 271,

bria, 421.

Mesem-

Perinthus, 400,
polis,

Marcianopolis,

411, Hadriano-

Wolf,

440, Pautalia, 443.

Tyche of Syracuse, with rudder and sceptre,

cuse, 2.51.

Syra-

U
Urceus, branch, and knife,

Paestum, 101, Phalauna, 454; suckling twins, Coela, 386, Deultum, 439 f. Wreath, containing inscription, Paestum, 102, Messana, 199, Panormus, 210, Syracuse, 253, Amphipolis, 276, Macedon under the Romans, 355 f., Thessalonica, 368 S., 375, Lysimachia, 387, Perinthus, 403 cmitainitig monogram, Panormus, 210, Romans in Sicily, 258, Uncer-

Urn, agonistic, with

zantium,
;

396 table, Romans, 360, Philippopolis, Urns, two agonistic, table, Romans, 359.

Paestum, 102. palm, Thessalonica, 374, Byon Macedon under the 445. on Macedon under the

tain of Sicily, 259.

Young

War,

Alba Fucentis, II, Social Hyria (Calabria), 63, Aluntium, 167, Lysimachus, 435 diademed, Romano- Camhead,
lielmeled,

23,

panian, 50; facing,

Phistelia, 46.

Vase, with poppy-head and ears of com,

400.

Perinthus,
Scotussa,

Young male

head,

or bust,

^Neapolis,

42,

Alaesa,

Tuder, ^Maroneia, 379 Vine-branchj grapes, Maroneia, 380,

Vase, two-handled,
5.

See also Basket.

167, Panormus, 208, Syracuse, 226, Romans in Sicily, 258, Sardinia, 262, Abdera, 384, Phawearing diadem, fillet, or taenia, launa, 454
;

Vine,

f.

Formiae, Fundi, or Fregellae, 10,

Salapia, 58,

with,

455.

Agrigentum, 161, 164, Alaesa, 167, Panormus, 207, Syracuse, 238 f., Demetrius (Bisaltae), 269,
Archelaus
I.,

285,

Pausanias,

286, Alexander

the Great, 330, Philip III., 334, Tomis, 416,

W
Warrior, seated,
154,

Panticapaeum, 424

wearing pilos,
;

Mamertini, 203
167,
f.,

standing,

^Aetna,

Fundi, or Fregellae, 11 lielmeted, Social War, 23 wreathed, Larinum, 25, Nuceria AKaterna,
;

Formiae,
;

Alaesa,
&.,

210
ox,

Mamertini, 203, Panormus, Amphipolis, 278, Nicopolis ad Istrum,

Serdica,

45,

Catana, 172,

414, Tomis, 417

447; standing beside

Social

War,
395
;

23

standing on prow,

zantium,

advancing,

Ariminum,

By-

19,

^Nuceria Alfaterna, 45, Metapontum, 91, 95 Aeropus, 285, Crannon, 449. wearing Young male heads, two, one inverted,
Icausia,

tina, 204, Syracuse, 236,

Cephaloedium, 179, MorganApoUonia, 270 horned,

;

Istrus,

Bruttii, 123, Messana, 199

Silerae,

f.,

Mamertini, 202,
225, 229;

410.

218,

Solus,

219,
;

Syracuse,
thrusting,

storming town,

Bizya, 438

tum, 164, Mamertini, 202

retreating,

AgrigenPelinna,

Youth, standing, slaying hull, Larissa, 451 f.

ram-,
;

subduing forepart of Crannon, 449, Tricca, 456.

Gela,

185

subduing
bull,

480 Youth,
riding, on Tie-goat,
bidl,

INDEX

V.
Zeus, head

headed

Himera, 188 Panormus, 208. See

Z

f.

on man-

of,
of,

young,

also

Horseman

Zeus, head
Atella,

bearded,
f.,

Mamertini, 201. Peparethus, 460

68,
f.,

laureate,

f.,

tmarmed.

26

Capua, 29, Arpi, 63, Barium, 64,

Caelia, 56, Rnbi, 57, Salapia, 58, Venusia, 59

Graxa,
Velia,

62,

Tarentum,
Bruttii,

84,

Luoani,

85,

119,

123

Hipponium, 133,

Zeus, seated, with sceptre, holding eagle,

the Great, 299 &., Philip III.,

Alexander
ff.,

Vibo Valentia, 134, Locri, 136 ., Petelia, 139, Abacaenum, 153, Agrigentnm, 162 fE., Alaesa,
166,

332

Lysi-

Centuripae, 177,

Mamertini, 202,

Panorin
IT.,

Macedon under holding patera, Macednn the Romans, 359 under the Romans, 357, Perinthus, 400, 402 holding Nicopolis ad Istrum, 415
maohus, 425
f.
;

holding Nike,
;

mus,
Sicily,

209

Jffi.,

Syracuse,

261 277

f.,
f.,

Romans
Philip

258,

Amphipolis,

f.,

290

ff.,

Bottiaia, 352,

Uncertain of Macedon,
f.,

thundeybolt,

353, Thessalonica, 366

Macedon

(barbarous),
;

Gomphi, 450. MarZeus, standing, with sceptre, holding patera, holding thunderholt, cianopoHs, 411 Macedon under the Romans, 361.
;

376, Aenus, 378, Gomphi, 450, Magnetes, 453

loreathed with oah-leaves,

Larinum,

26, Thessali,

456

ff.

See also

Ammon, and

Sarapis.

Zeus, thundering, on foot,

in higa,
riga,

Aesernia,

Zeus Eleutherios, head of,

232, 234
f.,

Metapontum, 91, Syracuse,

f.

Bruttii, 124, Petelia,

139

238, 240.
of,

22, Bruttii,

125

in

quad-

Zeus Hellanios, head

Zodiac, signs
of,

Atella, 26.

Syracuse, 242 Perinthus, 403.

INDEX
SYMBOLS

V.

Laus, 88, Romano -CamAcrostolion, Thurium, 106. Altar, ^Metapontum, 92, Byzantium
Acorn,
panian, 61, Abacaenum, 163.

Animal,
Ant,

Byzantium
of,

and Nicaea,

Barley,

stalk

of,

Segesta,
31,

216,

398.

Syracuse, 243, 246.

See also

and Nicaea, 399.

Ammon, head
Great, 319.

of,

Alexander
35,

Metapontum, 93. -Croton, 131. Aplustre, 28, Heraklea, 87,

Antelope, skull
Gales,

Ear

of corn.

Barleycorn,

Cumae,

Posei-

donia, 98, Croton, 130,

Agri-

the

Paestum, 100, Philip H., 291,

Amphora,

Neapolis,
121,

Taren-

Alexander the Great, 302, 306, Demetrius Poliorcetes, 338,

Lysimachus, 431.

gentum, 166 f., 168 f., Enna, 179 f., Gela, 182, 184, Leontini,

193,

Segesta,

215,

217,

tum, 81, 83, Metapontum, 93,

Bruttii,

Selinus,
f.

Syracuse,

236,

Arrow,

Syracuse, 238
holding
36,
;

217,
of

Syracuse,
Sicily,

236,
259,

Uncertain
293.
torches,

Alexander the Great, 304, 321, Thessalonica, Thracian 374,

Chersonesus, 385, Sestus, 387,
Thaaos, 391.

Arrow-head,Philip
Artemis,
Neapolis,
Great, 302

II.,

tioo

tlie

Cardia, 386.
Bee,

Neapolis,
menium,
303, 320

36,

Hybla Magna,
f.,

Alexander
35

191, Syracuse, 241, 244, Tauro-

running with long

f.,

Amphorae,
three,

two,

Anchor,

Camarina, 170. Romano-Campanian,

Bruttii,

Mentapontum, 92
123

torch,

265
f.,

Philip

II.,

Neapolis,
92,

Metathe

288, 294, Alexander the Great,

Philip
III.,

pontum,
62,
f.^ f.,

Alexander

333,

Great, 322.
Astragalos,

Lysimachus, 432.
f ., 38,

Tarentum, 76,

Neapolis, 35
237.

40,

Beetle, Philip
Bipennis,

Alexander the Great, 314

324, Demetrius II., 342.

Gela, 183, Syracuse, 237, 251.

Axe,

Syracuse,

II.,

288.
27,

Gales,

Alexander
324,
330,

the

Great,

310,

INDEX
Pliilip

V.
Great,
Bruttii,

481
123

ni.,

334,

Demetrius
Demetrius

Capricorn,

Poliorcetes,
II.,

337

f.,

342.
105, 108, Bruttii,

Alexander Chimaera, Alexander

330, Rhoemetalces 306.
Cicada,

the
I.,

f.,

Rhegium, 142,
149,

437.
Great,

145,

Terina,
ff.,

Syracuse,

the

251

Amphipolis,

280,

Bird,Thurium,
Boar, head
of,

Tragilus, 281, Pliilip. II., 291,

77,

121, Seliniis, 217, Bisaltae, 2G8.

Bow,

Rhegium,
290,

Phalanna, 454.
143,

Tarentum,
,

Laus, 88,

293, Alexander the Great, 302,

Bruttii, 121

Agrigentum, 159 f.,

Syracuse, 223,

307,

320

f.,

326,

Philip

V.,

Thermae

Alaesa,

165,

344, Bottiaia, 352, Lysimachus,

Himerenses, 190, Syracuse, 231,

239,
II.,

Philip II., 291.

Club,

AmphipoUs, 275, Philip

294,

Tibur
27

426, 430

f.;

with stor,Thes;

or
f.,

Praeneste,

f.,

salonica,

368

between stars,

Alexander the

Cales,

Neapolis, 35, 41,

51, Teate,

Populonia, 17, Neapolis, 41.

Crescents, two,

Great,
case,

Lysimachus, 432 Lysimachus, 434 Croton, 131. Bow-case,Heraclea, Branch, Poseidonia, Thurium,
;

312,

Edonis,

351

in
loith
;

Romano- Campanian,
59,

Brundusium,

61,

Taren-

Cuirass,

quiver,

XBith club,

tum, 71, 74, Metapontum, 91, 94, Bruttii, 121, Agrigentum,

157, Messana, 200, Mamertini,

Cuttle-fish,

120. Rhegium, 144. Poseidonia, Croton,

Bruttii,

98,

128, Agrigentum, 158

f.

88.

98,

202,

Syracuse,
f.,

238

f.,

243,
285,
ff.,

106,

109,

Croton,

130,

132,

248
Philip

Archelaus
288,

I.,

Philip n., 293, Alexander the

Great, 304, Perseus, 346.
also Olive,

II.,

290, 293

See

Bucranium,

and Palm.
Neapolis,
Bruttii,

Alexander the Great, 300, 305, 309, 319, Macedon under the

36,

42,
f.,

Tarentum, 78,
142,
Alaesa,

122

Romans, 360, Lysimachia, 387, Lysimachus, 431 f., 434.

Cook,

Alexander the Great, 318. Dioskouroi, caps 458Diota, Neapolis, Dog, Romano Campanian,
Dagger,
Deer,
Cales, 27.
of,

Thessali,

38.

52,

Metapontum,
379.

91,

Maroneia,

125, Caulonia, 127, Rhegium^

166,

Cales,

28,

Himera,
Alexander

187,

Syracuse,

Selinus,

217,

the

Dolphin,
67,

Neapolis,
70,
72, 79

39, Tarentum,
f.,

237, 241, 244, 247, 249, Philip

Great, 302, Abdera, 382.

Poseidonia,
f.,

n.,

290
Selinus,
fE.
;

f.,

Alexander

the

Cornucopiae,
36,

Cales, 27,

Neapolis,

98 f Thurium, 105, 108

lonia,

Great, 300.
Bull,

217,

Viminacium,
Valen217.

48,

40, 43, Teanum Sidicinum, Romano - Campanian, 52,

Velia, 115, Bruttii, 120, Cau-

127, Croton,

128,

133,

407
tia,

butting,

Vibo

135, Selinus, 217.

Canusium, 55, Tarentum, 79 f., 83, Metapontum, 94, Thurium,

106,
Bruttii,
f
,

Vibo Valentia, 135, Rhegium, 142, Agrigentum, 161, Catana,

172, Messana,

Bull, man-headed,

SelLnus,
41
f.,

120,

122

ff.,

197

ff.,

Syra-

Locri, 137

145,

Alaesa,

166

Rhegium, 143, f., Thermae

Mamertini,

cuse,

225
f.,

f.,

228

f.,

233
II.,

f.,

237

252,

Philip

294,

Caduceus,

Neapolis,
69,

Taren93,

Himerenses,

190,

Alexander the Great, 300, 304,

307, 317, 330.

tum,

Metapontum,
110,
Velia,

201, Panormus, 211, Syracuse,

Poseidonia, 99, Paestum,

100, 116,

237, 241, 244, 253, Alexander

the Great, 302, 307,
talces
I.,

Dolphins, two,

Thurium,
ff.,

111,
ff., f.'

Thurium,

RhoemeBruttii,

Bruttii, 127, Messana,

Bruttii, 122,

124, Hipponium,

437.
92,

Syracuse, 225

133, Locri, 137, Petelia,

Alaesa,

166,

139 Alexander the

f.,

Crab,

Metapontum, Neapolii,

237
106.

with tripod,

Thurium,
Alexander

197 230, 232

121, 125, Croton,

128,

Agri-

Great,

301,

313,

320,

328,
of

gentum, 162, Leontini, 194.

Crane,
37,
f.,

Dove, Metapontum,
the Great, 307.

91,

Macedon,

339,
353,

Uncertain

Caulonia,

Macedon,
367,

Thessalonica,

126, Croton, 129

169.
Crayfish,

Camarina,

Aenus,

378, Hephaestia,

Eagle,Tarentum,

388, Lysimachus, 428.

Caduceus, head

of,

Philip

Tarentum,
f.,

72, 79,

Bruttii,

66, Agrigen-

121, Centuripae, 177, Syracuse,

V., 343.

tum, 159
Crescent,

Catana,

172

f.,

Cap,Philip

II.,

291, 293, Alexan-

Apollonia (T)irace), 420.

Capital of column,
75, 80.

der the Great, 304, 330, Tarentum, 73,

Suesfa
f.,

234, Alexander the Great, 297, Thessalonica, 371, Dacia, 405 f.,

Aurunca,

47,

Lysimachus, 431.
Ear, human, 305.

Teate, 58

Graxa,

62,

Brundusium, 62, Tarenium, 79,

Alexander the Great,

3g

i.'^-i

INDEX Y
Corn,

Eai' of

Neapolis,

34,

37,

Goat, foot of, Philip

III.,

333.
S.,
fi.,

Horses, foreparts of two, back to

back,

Romaiio-Campanian, 51, Arpi, 53, Tarentum, 75, Metapontum,

90,

Grapes, bunch,

of,

Neapolis, 34

Alexander

the

Great,

Tarentum, 83, Velia, 114

297, Lysimachus, 429.

Paestum, 100, Velia, 115,

122
166,
&.,

Bruttii, 121, 123, 125, Nuceria,

Human

figure,

squatting,

Taren

Bruttii,

Croton,

133,

139, Rhegium, 141, Agrigentum, 164, Tragilus, 281, Philip

II.,

tum, 83.

Alaesa,

Camarina,
178,
Gela,

171, 182,
ff.,

Centuripae,
Syracuse,

293

f.,

Alexander the Great,

II.,

Janiform
Philip

head,
II.,

with,

modius,

229,

232,

236

298, 315, 328, Philip

332,

291.

241

f.,

244, 251, Amphipolis,

II..

Demetrius

II.,

342,

Thracian

Janus, head

of,

276, Philip

291, Alexander

Chersonesus, 385, Lysimachus,

429, Gyrton,450, Thessali,457;

Panormus, 210.

the Great, 297, 304 f.,Maoedon,

339, Philip v., 344, Uncertain

on

vine-leaf,

Neapolis, 40.
Himera,
92, Alexander

Kantharos,

Macedon, 353, Pella, 363, Aenus, 377, PanticapaeTim,423, Lysimachus, 430 f., 434, Thesof
sali,

Grasshopper,
189.
GrifEn,

Yelia, 118,

Neapolis, 34 ff., 40, Tarentum, 78, Syracuse, 248, Philip II., 288 ff., 294, Alexan-

Metapontum,
and neck

der the Great, 300, Aenus, 377,

458.
tivo,
;

Syracuse, 253 Segesta, 215. Elephant, Tarentum,

Ears of corn,
three,

the Great, 308, 326.

GrifEn, head
of,

Maroneia, 379.

Alexan-

Krater, Bruttii, 121,

der the Great, 297, 299, 317,

Kybele, liead

of,

Alexander

the

74.

Lysimachus, 426, 429.

Great, 308, Lysimachus, 432.

Female head,
11.,

Segesta, 214, Philip

291,

Hammer,
Hare,

Bruttii,

123
f.

f.

Lamp,

288,

Alexander the
See

Hand, Bruttii,
Harpa,

122

Great, 308, Lysimachus, 4H2.

Tarentum, 84, Messana, 199.

Leaf, fig, Agi'igentum, 159 ivy, Neapolis, 34, Thurium, 107,

;

Syi'acuse, 231.

Female

figure,

holding torches.

Neapolis,

37

f.,

Bruttii,

Caulonia,

127,

Croton,

131,

Artemis, and Hekate.

Figure, naked,

123
over

f.

head,
307.

Alexander
hand,

holding

fillet

Head, bearded,
457.

Bisaltae, 268.

the Great,

Hekate, with torches,

Helios,

Thessali,

Rhegium, 142, Messana, 199, Segesta, 215 f., Philip 11., 291, Alexander the Great, 319,
321, 331, Abdera, 383, Lamia,

Figure wearing long robe and extending

r.

Alexander
f.,

head

of,

Panormus,
37,
;

209,

451

law-el,

^Metapontum, 93,
Leontini,
f.,

the

Philip III., 332.

Catana,

172,

193,

Great, 307.
Fish,

Cumae, 30
Great, 320.

Helmet,

Neapolis,

Metapontum,
crested,

Messana, 197

Tarentum, 66,
f.,

93,

Rhegium, 142

204;
Lion,

oZ?e,

Paestum, 100, Thurium, 104

Agrigentum, 160, Catana, 172, Selinus, 218, Alexander the

See also Dolphin,
Pistrix, Sturgeon,

Alexander the Great, 303, 314 Macedonian, Cales, 28, Neapolis, 41, Bruttii,
tini,

selinon,

Tarentum, 80, Thurium, 110,

Syracuse, 221,

Thurium, Selinus, 217

f.

Morgantina,

107;

121,

Mamer-

Leontini, 192,

201, Alexander the Great,

f.,

Floral

ornament,

Tunny.
Croton,
129,

301
f
. ;

Antigonus Gonatas, 340

Alexander the Great, 321, 326, Dacia, 405 f., Viminacium, 407
S.
;

Phrygian,

Gela, 183, Aegae, 267, Acanthus, 270.

Mamertini,
without

203

Flower,

Perdiccas

crest,

Neapolis, 40, Agrigentum,

;

loith star,

Alexander the
II.,

Corinthian,

Great, 309.

Lion, forepart

of,Philip
the
f.,

293,

II.,

284, Alexan-

155,

Entella,

180,
;

Alexander
Corinthian,
75,

Alexander
Lion, head of,

Great,

321,

der the Great, 319, Lysimachus,

431, 435.

the

Great,

297

Lysimachus, 425

428.
91,

crested,

Tarentum,
123.

Byzan292.

Metapontum,
106, 173,

Fly, Neapolis,

40,

Bruttii,

121,

tium, 397.

Thm-ium,
II.,

Agrigentum,
Syracuse,

Lysimachus, 428.

Herakles, head of, Philip

157,

Catana,

Rhegium, 144. Forceps, Metapontum, Fork, agricultural,

Hook,Bruttii,
Horn,

92
Frog,

f.,

95.
83.

Tarentum,

Paestum, Horse, head

of,

232, 236, Alexander the Great,

101, Alexander

the Great, 309.

Bruttii, 121.

297, 321, 326, Lysimachus, 428, Pherae, 455.

Lituus andurceus,

Paestum, 102.

INDEX
Lizard,

V.

483
Morf.,

Lyre,

Eion, 265. Teanum

Gales, 28,

123, 125,
Sidici-

Catana, 173,

Ram
Ram,

for sacrifice, Syracuse, 229.

gantina, 204, Syracuse, 243

forepart

of,

Alexander the

num,
143,

48,

Bmttii,

122,

124,

Taiiromeniam,
457.

256,

Thessali,

Great, 313.

Vibo Valentia, 134, Rhegium,

Leontini, 193, Syracuse,

Ram, head
320.

231, 247, Alexander the Great, 308, 319,,Philip

II.,

Pallas Promachos,

333, Aenus,

377, Lysimachus, 435.

Tarentum, 68, Alexander the Great, 307. Palm-branch, Neapolis, 42, Paes-

Reaping
61.

Alexander the Great, hook, Uncertain Aes

of,

Grave, 10, Romano-Campanian,

Alexander the Great, 309, Lysimachtis, 432. Mantis, insect resembling, MetaMaeander pattern,

tum, 100,
salonica,

Locri,

138,

Thes457,

Rhyton,
Rose,

Tarentum,

80,

Bruttii,

367,

Thessali,

120.

Peparethus, 460.

Male

pontum, 91. figure, with outsti-etched r. hand, Alexander the Great,

296.

304. Moon, Syracuse, 241. Mouse, ^Alexander the Great, 322,

Mirror,

Alexander the

Gi'eat,

Alexander the Great, 313. Panoply, Syracuse, 227 Parazonium, 203. Pedum, Demetrius 342; resembling, Capua, Pegasos, Alexander the Great, 310. Pegasos, forepart Philip
Palm-tree,
f.

Agrigentum, 156 AlexanRudder, Alexander the Great, 305.

f.,

der the Great, 310, 319.

jVIamertini,
II.,

object

Satyr, playing pipe,

Metapontnm,
^

29.

93; holding pedum,

chus, 434.
Sceptre,

Lysima-

of,

II.,

Romano-Campanian, 52,
124,

331.

290, Alexander the Great, 300,

Bruttii,

Panormus, 211,
the
Great,

321
Nautilus,

f.,

Lysimachus, 426.
81.

Nike,

Cuniae,

30.

Pelta,

^Neapolis,

37,

Brundusium,

Pentagram,

Tarentum,

Amphipolis, 278.
Scorpion,

Alexander

^Neapolis, 37,

Teanum
116,

313.
Sea-horse,

<)1 f.,

86

f.,

Tarentum, 77, Heraclea, Metapontnm, 93, Posei-

Sidicinum,

48,

Velia,

Tarentum, 84, Thurium,

f.

Nuceria, 139, Mamertini, 202,

108, Agrigentum, 159

Seilenos,

Thurium, 106, llOf., Velia, 118, Croton, 132, Vibo Valentia, 134 f., Philip II., 288, Alexander the Great, 301,
donia, 99,

Alexander the Great, 297, 321, Lysimachus, 426, 428.

Pilos,

head

of,

Tarentum, 83, Paestum, 101,

See also Dios-

Serpent,

Neapolis,

Tarentum, 78.
41,
Phistelia,

46, Velia, 119,

Thurium, 106,

Perseus, 347.

Nike,

two figures
of,

of,

Alexander
77.

Thurium, 104, Vibo Valentia, 134, Syracuse, 231, Antigonus

Gonatas, 342.
kouroi.

110, Bruttii, 121, Catana, 175,

Messana, 200, Mamertini, 201, Morgantina, 204, Syracuse, 247,

Philip
II.,

the Great, 307.

Nymph, head
Oinochoe,
55,

Tarentum,

Neapolis, 38, Canusium,

Metapontnm, 91, Syracuse, with vine - branch and Alexander the Great, grapes,
235
;

Agrigen Tarentum, tum, 158, Syracuse, 222. Segesta, 216, Plant, Hyria, Scione, 272. Plough, Metapontnm, 92, 94,
Pistrix,

288, 291, Alexander

f.,

84,

the Great, 297

III.,

322,

Philip

332

f.,

Maoedon,

359,

31,

Thessalonica, 367.
Shell,
cockle,

Tarentum,
86
f
;
.

64

ff.,

72, 82, Heraclea,

conch,

Bruttii,

123

fl:

Leontini, 193 f.,

Agrigentum, 158

murex,

308.
Olive,

Alexander the Great, 312, Perof,

Capua, 29, Tarentum, 72, Meta-

sprig

Poseidonia,
Croton,

98,

seus, 346, Pella, 363,

Thracian

Thui-ium,

107,

131,

Chersonesus, 385.

Rhegium, 141, Agyrium, 165,

Gela, 184, Messana, 197, Syracuse, 234, Myrina, 386.

Pomegranate,

Omphalos,
Owl,

serpent,

Saessa
tum, 75

Rhegium, 143 with Tauromenium, 255.

;

Alexander the Great, 333. 298, Philip Poppy-head, Syracuse, 237, 244,
III.,

pontnm, 90, Vibo Valentia, 135, Agrigentum, 156 mussel,

;

Alliba,

26

scallop,

Agri199,

gentum, 159,

Messana,

247
316.

fl:.,

Alexander the Great,

Abdera,
339.
Shield,
oval,

Syracuse, 227,234,237; pecten,

383.
Cf.

Macedon,
II. ,

Aurunca, 47, Taren82, Heraclea 86

f.,

Prow,

Alexander the Great, 326.

Neapolis, 36,
S8.

Boeotian, FhiliTp

f.,

291

Cales,

28

round,

Metapontnm,
105
f.,

94,

Thurium,
Quiver,

Neapolis, 38.

Velia, 114, Bruttii, 121,

Silphium

Cales, 27.

3 Q 2

43-i

INDEX
fish,

V.

Sky 11a, pursuing

225.
Snail

Syracuse,
28,

Term,

Tarentum,
f.,

77

f.,

Meta132,

331, Macedon, 339, Antigonus

pontum, 94

Croton,

Gonatas, 340,
342,

Demetrius

II.,

?Bruttii,

Spear-head,

121.
Cales,

Naxus, 207, Lysimachus, 428,

Axpi,
430, 434, Scostocos, 436.

Philip v., 343,

Edonis,
f.,

350, Lysimachus, 426 f ., 429 434, Crannon, 449.

53, Lucani, 85,

Rhegium, 146,
f.,

Thunderbolt,
40,

Cales, 28, Neapolis,

MamertiDi, 201

Philip

II.,

Teanum
Teate, 58,

Sidicinum,

48,

Tripod,

Neapolis,
80, 83,

37,

Tarentnm,
Rhe239, 310, 385,

288, 290, 294, Alexander the

Great, 320, Lysimachus, 435.

Arpi, 53, Caelia, 54,

68,

Salapia,

77,

Metapontum, 95,

Tarentum, 74,
Locri, 138,

Bruttii, 122, Croton, 131,

Sphinx,

Alexander the Great, 317; seated on amphora, Alexander the Great, 309 Spiral ornament, Maroneia, 379. ending in head, Vibo
f

80, 82, Heraolea, 87, Poseidonia, 99, Bmttii, 120

ff.,

gium, 144, Alaesa, 166, Leontini,

192

.,

Syracuse,
Great,

Rhegium, 145,
Entella,

Alaesa,
Syracuse,

166,

Alexander
Thracian
Thessali,

the

180,

235,

Chersonesus,

Staff,

boar's
f.

242

f.,

247, 251, Amphipolis,

II.,

457

f.

loith halls,
;

Valentia, 134
Stag,
Star,

276, Philip
ff.

287, 290, 292ff.,

f.,

Thessalonica,
dolphins,

375

between
Cf.

Caulonia, 126 Luoeria, 14,

63,

Alexander the Great, 296

Galea,

28,

318, 327, 330,

Philip V., 343,

Capua, 30.
Triquetraof

40 ff., Phisteha, 46, Romano-Campanian, 50, Arpi,

Neapolis,
Salapia,
58,

Macedonian Confederations, 354, MaoedonundertheRomans,

360, Thessalonica, 367, Thasos,

legs,

Thurium, 106. Metapontum,

on conch,

91,

Teate,

69,

VeHa, 117, Terina, 149, Panormus, 212, Syracuse, 236, 238,

242.
Triton, blowing

Brundusium,
67, 74,

61,

Tarentum,

390, Lysimachus, 432.

MetapontTim, 92, 95,

Thymiaterion,
Thyrsos,

Tarentum,

77,

Thurinm, 109, Bruttii, 120 ff., Vibo Valentia, 134 f., Locri,
138,
Petelia,
f..

Bruttii, 121.

gentum, 159.

Neapolis, 37,

Thurium,
293
on

139,

Terina,
Italy,

106, 109, 111, VeUa, 116, Syracuse, 246, Philip II.,

148
152,

Uncertain of

Agrigentum, 161, 164, Alaesa, 165, Camarina, 169,

Mamertini, 202, Syracuse, 231
ff.,

cross-pieces of torch,

Syra-

cuse, 235.

Tintinnabulum,
Toad,
Tongs,

237

ff.,

241

ff.,

252,

Phihp
316
f.,

II.,

288, 290, 295, Alexander

ff.,

the Great, 296, 299 320, 327

f.,

Metapontum, Torch,
long,

Alexander

Neapolis, 37.
I.,

Syracuse, 242 Thurium, 103 TunnyAgrigentum, 158. 107 Tunny-fishes, two, Thurium, 105
Trophy,
;

Agri on
pole,
ff.,

Lysimachus, 430.
fish,
ff.,

f .,

Agrigentum, 160.

283.
92.

Brattii,

122, Hippo-

Urn, agonistic,

Philip 111., 332,

f.,
f.,

Cassander, 334
Poliorcetes,

Demetrius
Antigonus
f.,

nium, 133, Locri, 138, Syracuse, 237, 241 f., 246, Lysimachus, 426
37, 43,
;

Urns, agonistic, two,

Thessalonica, 375. Macedon

f.,

under the Romans, 359

401.

337

racing,

Neapolis,
Vase,

Gonatas, 341, Philip V., 343

Perseus, 346
f.,

Edonis, 350,

pontum,
201,

Tarentum, 81, Meta95, Thurium, 110,

Macedon under the Romans,

358 f ,Thessalonica, 370, Cardia,
.

Bruttii, 121, 123, 125, Messana,

Heraclea, 86
!N'eapo]is,38

with one handle,

f.,

Vibo Valentia,

Syracuse, 235, 239, 247,

Philip
II.,

135, Alexander the Great, 329,

386, Lysimachus,431; in
;

loreatli,

Philippi, 281,

290,
f.,

Lamia, 451.
Vine-branch, with leaves and grapes,

Neapolis, 40 above Alexander the Great, 305. two, Ancona, 20, Tarentum, 138. Rhegium, 142. Sturgeon, Pantioapaeum, 423. Swan, Camarina, 169. Swastica ornament, Eryx, 181,
conical
stone,

Alexander the Great, 299

318 f., 330 f., Cassander, 335, loith crossLysimachus, 432 f

;

^Neapolis, 42, Thasos, 390.

Stars,

pieces,

Heraclea,
37

88,

Meta-

75, Locri,

pontum, 94.
Trident,

Strigil,

Neapolis,

f.,

40

f.,

Salapia, 58, Velia, 116, Uncertain of Italy, 151, Syracuse, 237,

Alexander the Water-snake, Poseidonia, Wheel, 214, Syracuse,

Warrior,
Great,

323.

96.

Segesta,

239, 243,

Philip IL, 287

ff.,

226, 228, Alexander the Great,

Motya, 205, Philip

II.,

293.
f.

291, 294, Alexander the Great,

296, Philip

III.,

331

f.

Sword, Cales,

28, Bruttii, 123

296

f.,

309,

316,

327^

329,

Wolf, head

of,

Lucani, 85.

INDEX
Wreath, Teate,
246, Philip
59,

VI.,

VII.

486

Bmttii, 122,

ta inliuj

monogram,

Alexander
f.,

Young male
156
198.
;

head,

Gela, 182, Syi'acuse, 231, 241.,

II.,

the Great, 298, 305

Lysi-

loith

horns,

Agrigentum, Messana,

291, Alexander

machus, 425, 430

letter,

contaitiing

the Great, 304, 31G, 326, Antigonus, 336, Aenus, 377

;

Alexander

the Great,

con-

321, 326.

INDEX
Anchor,

VI.

COUNTERMARKS
Alexander
f.

the

Great,

Helmet,

Byzantium, 394.
II.,

Value- mark,
292,

Segesta, 216,

Syra-

310

Herakles, head of, Philip

cuse, 233.

Barleycorn, Syracuse, 233.

Antigonus, 341.

Wheel,
,

Bird,Solus, 219.
Bucranium,
Crescent
278.

Hermes

(?),

head

Gela, 185. and Amphipolis,

circle,

Leaf, selinon,

Lion,

head

Tomis, 416. Himera, 188. Syracuse, 233,

of, of,

Alexander the Great, 331.

Thyrsos, with cross-pieces of torch,

Syracuse, 233. A/ G Cassandrea, 273. GC, Thessalonica, 371. N< Thessalonica, 369.
,

Byzantium, 394. Female head, Syracuse, 233. Grapes, Byzantium, 394.

Dolphin,

OrK I, Syracuse,
pSj

233.

Peparethus, 460. Uncertain, Thessalonica,

371, Theasali, 457.

,Aenus,

378.

369,

P,

Alexander the Great, 328.

HeUos

(?),

head of, PhHip V., 344.

INDEX

VII.

MAGISTRATES^ NAMES ON AUTONOMOUS COINS

This Index includes the names of magistrates and officers of the mint ichose signatures ajjpear in Greeh Many of the issues with regal types loere practically autonomous. on any coins other than Imperial. the shorter combinations of letters may he merely mint-marks. of
letters

Some

A Heraclea, 87 ATA, Tarentum, 73 A0 A Heraclea, 87,

\, ,

AI0I1N,
I

Lysimachus, 434

AAE,

Heraclea, 87

A N HTnP,
Melapontum,
310

Alexander the Great,

A A EH,

Tarentum, 74

92

Al, Lysimachus, 427

AKHP, Samothrace, A A Heraclea, 86

)

389

AAEZAN, Thessali, 456 AAEZANAPOS, Thessali,

AA\
,

457

Thurium, 110

486

INDEX
91

VII.

AMI, Mefapontam, AN, Tarentum, 78

AAI,
92
Maroneia,

Tarentum, 72, Metapontum,

LAZ,

Tarentum, 73

ANO,
380

Tarentum, 75,

AAIMAXOC, Tarentum, 78 AAMOKPITOS, Tarentum,

lAAO,
77

Tarentum, 75
f.

lOP,

Tarentum, 73

AN TI<l>flN,
309

Alexander the Great,

AAIOY,
AEO,

Ai'pi,

53

Xil, Tarentum, 75

AEI, Alexander
Tarentum, 76
Tarentum, 75
Tarentum, 77

the Great, 303

mi

Thurium, 111
Pei-seus,

APOA,

Abdera, 382.
f.

iniAOY,

346

APOAAH,

AfOAAnNlOS,

AH, Neapolis, 42 A H M H T P OY
I

inrY,
Cherronesus,

Tarentum, 75

inPYPiriN,
IXIPYPOS,

Tarentnm, 78

AnoAW, Tomis, 416 APEOnN, Tarentum,

API, Tarentum, 72, 76

422
73

Tarentnm, 77

Neapolis,
76, 77,

34,

36,

Tarentum,

Metapontum, 93, Lysi-

h
I-

APIS, Tarentum,

75, Heraclea, 86

machus, 427

H H

Tarentum, 67, Heraclea, 87

P,

Tarentum, 71, Metapon-

APISTir,

Tarentum, 74

AlO, Tarentum, 76, Lysimachus,

427

tum, 90

APICTirr, Tarentum, 78 APISTIS, Tarentum, 76

H PA
Abdera, 384

Thurium, 106, 109, Alexan-

AIONYSAAOS,
AlOZKOYP,

der the Great, 303.

APISTOKAHS, Tarentum, 77 APISTOKPATHS, Tarentum,

77
f.

Byzantium, 394
,

H PA K
the

Thurium, 106, Byzantium,

<|)

AN HZ

Alexander

394

Great, 310

I-HPAKAHTOS,
Neapolis, 34

Tarentum,

APTE, Neapolis, 35 APTEMI, Neapolis, 35 APTEMIIN, Abdera, 383

APXir, Metapontum, AS, Neapolis, 41 f.
92

AIO<|>ANOYS,
EK,
40

77

f.

HPO,
Neapolis,
,

Abdera, 383

EH

Neapolis, 38

0E,
Abdera, 384
ff.,

Neapolis,
74,

36, 39, Tarentiim,

ACKAAnOC,
ASP A,
AZXiniOY,
B

Agrigentum, 164

Em, Neapolis, 42 EPMHNAKTOS,

EY,

Thurium, 109
Lysimachus, 427
Thessali,

O EM

Abdera, 383

Neapolis, 37, Tarentum, 73

eEMIZTor,
457

456
Thessali,

Byzantium, 394

Heraclea, 87, Thurium, 111

OEMIZTofENNHZ,

Neapolis, 43

BY,

Alexander tbe Great, 303

TAYANA, Thessali, 457 TEITAZ Alexander the Great, 308

,

EYBIOTOY, Thessali, 458 EYO, Thurium, 105 EYOY, Thurium, 108 EVKOAOZ, Thessali, 457 EYN, Tarentum, 77
EYI,
Neapolis, 36, 38

O
h
I

Tarentum, 75

Tarentum, 75
Neapolis,

42

innOAO,
ITAA[,

Thessali,

458

rOP, Hyria rOPriAZ,

(Calabria), 63
Thessali,
74.

EYPHSirroY,
422

Abdera, 384
Cherronesus,

Thessali,

458

456

EYPYAAMOY,

FY, Tarentum,

KAISI E[S], Uncertain of

Italy,

152

EY<I>A, Thurium, 106, 109

KAA,

Thurium, 110
Maroneia,

AA,

Metapontum,
f.,

92,

Thurium,

EY<I>P, Thurium, 106

KAAAIKPATEOS,
379

110

Alexander the Great,

E X E ( I)

N KOZ
I

Alexander the

303

Great, 308

KA.

Tarentum, 72

INDEX

VII.

487

KAEOMAXIAHZ, KOM, Tarentum, 73

KPATflN
310
,

Thessali,

457

NYZZANAPOY,
ZENinnoV,

Thessali,

458

C<l>OAPIA, Byzantium, 393

Sn,
Thessali,

Tarentum, 76, 78, Thurium,

108

Alexander the Great,

458

Snr,

Thurium, 105, 108

,

f.

KPI, Metapontum, 93

OMHPOY,
OYIA,

Abdora, 384

SHK A N N AS

Tarentum, 79

KYPZA

Odessus, 418

Neapolis, 39
,

SI2S, Tarentum, 76

OY YS
AAZIO, Catana, 175 AEY, Locri, 138 AOY, Neapolis, 37
AY,
Neapolis, 42
f.,

Laus, 88

SnSTPATOS,

Tarentum, 74

TAPME, Neapolis, 36 TAYSANin, Abdera,

73,

T
384 457 f.

Thurium, 106

Tarentum,
f.

Metapontum, 92

AYKINOS, Tai-entum, 76 AYKISKO^, Tarentum, 73 AYKilN, Tarentum, 74

TTETPAIOZ, Thessali, roAY, Tarentum, 74 f. no AY, Thessali, 457

TAP, Neapolis, 38 TEAE, Abdera, 383 TIMA, Thessah, 458

<I>EPEKPATHZ,
<l>l,

M A Alexander the Great, 303 MAN, Metapontum, 92 M EN E K Byzantium, 394

, ,

noAVZENOV, Thessali, 457 n PO Alexander the Great, 303 riYeinN Lllybaeum, 195 PYeoKAEOS, Abdera, 384
,

Thessali,

456

Neapolis, 39,42, Tarentum, 72,

77,
79,

82,

84,

Metapontum,

nVOnNOZ,
nYAAO,
riYAAOY,

91,93
<j)|A,
Callatia,

Thessali,

457

f.

409

Ai'pi,

53

<l>IAIAPXOS, Tarentum, 73
Salapia, 58

MENEKPATHZ,

Alexander

<l>IAinnoY,

Thessali,

457

the Great, 310, Thessali, 456

MENEKPATOVZ; Thessali, MHT, Maroneia, 380

MHTPOAflPO;

457

PO
SA
,

<t>IAIS, Tarentum, 72
,

Neapolis, 43

<l>IAICKOC, Tarentum, 77
<|>IAO, Heraclea, 87

Tarentum, 67, 72

f.

Maroneia, 380

M0A0S50S,

SAM,

Thurium, 110
Samothrace, 388

<t>IAOKAHS, Tarentum, 73
<|)|AOKPA, Tarentum, 76

Thurium, 108

ZEIPHNOZ,
SI, Tarentum,
106, 110

<|)IA0ZENIA0Y,
72, 74,

Thessali,

457

Thurium,
<!>IAfl, Heraclea, 87

NEYMH,
,

Tarentum, 75
Tarentum, 76

NEYMHNIOS, N Thurium, 110 NIKOKPATHS, Tarentum, 78 NIKOKPATOYZ, Thessali, 457 NOYA\HNIOY, Maroneia, 380
NY,
Neapolis, 43

5IAAA/0S, Agi-igentum, 157 SIM, Tarentum, 71 f., Thurium,

105, 110

<t)IAnN, Tarentum, 73

XA

Neapolis, 36
Neapolis, 41

ZK[Ye ?],
STA,
SY,

Tomis, 416

XAI,

Neapolis, 35

XAPI,

Neapolis, 36
Neapolis, 36.

Tarentum, 76

XAPIAE,

4S8

INDEX

viir,,

IX.

INDEX

VIII.

MAGISTRATES' NAMES ON IMPERIAL COINS

AinONTIKOV, Byzantiara, 395 TITAIAKAniTHAeiNOV, Byzantium,
ff.

A LA,

Panormus, 212
Thessali,

396

AYKOYTOY,

459

AIAIC6VHPOV,
AIAI<t>HCTHC,

Byzantium, 396

Byzantium, 397

NIKOMAXOY,

Thessali,

459

AIMICEVI-POV,

Byzantium, 397

[AVPJPAAAOV, Nicopolis ad Istrum, 414 MAVP<l>PONTnNOC, Byzantium, 397

TAPriAIANTIKOV,
Philippopolis,

^MTEPEBENTINOV,

Marcianopolis, 412

443

CN DOM,

Panormus, 212

CAB MOACTOV, Nicopolis ad Istrum, 415 CTAAONriNOV. Nicopolis ad Istrum, 414 ETATBAPBAPOV, Bizya, 438
f.

f.

lOVAANTCEAEVKOV, Marcianopolis, TIBIOVA^HCTOV, Marcianopolis, 412

ICAVPIKOV,
Byzantium, 397

412

Q -TERENTIOCVLLEONE, Lilybaeum, 195 TEPTVAAIANOV, Marcianopolis, 413

TOVAAIOVMAIIMOV,

Pautalia,

442

KAIKCEPOYEIA,

Nicopolis ad Istrum, 413

KTENTIANOV, Marcianopolis, 411 KVNTIAIANOV, Marcianopolis, 411

<l>IP<l>IAOTTATTnOV, Marcianopolis, 412

f.

<l>AOVATTIANOV,

Marcianopolis, 411

INDEX

IX.

ROMAN MAGISTRATES' NAMES

A ES LL A S
I
,

Macedonia a

Roman

ATPATINO,
baeum, 196

Entella, 180,

Lily-

COM

Paestum, 102

Province, 355

CN COR,
QFAB,
L
151

Paestum, 102

M ANT,

Thessalonica,

370

L ARTVE,

Paestum, 102

ATIVS
dinia, "262

BALBVS,

Sar-

CATO, Panormus, 211 Q CEP, Uncertain of Italy,

Panormus, 211

FA), Paestum, 101

KAI,
Thessalonica, 370

/V\

CESTIVS,

Enna, 180

INDEX
L MVNATIVS,

X.,

XL
Province,

489

Enna, 180

donia

Roman

M -TVC,

Paestum, 102

355

f.

NASO,

Panormus, 211

M QE ?
'

Brundusium, 62

QW
in

Paestum, 100

Orn

Romans

in Sicily,

258

L SEIO, Romans

in Sicily, 258

AEYKIOY
366

<t>OAKINNlOY,
Roman
Province,

A POM, Panormus, 211 TAIOY noHAIAIOY.

SEPTEIBA/B,
MaceSicily,

Romans

Macedonia a

258

INDEX
Some of
the

X.

ENGRAVEKS' NAMES
names included
in

at least,

Index VII. may possibly he those of Engravers, while may be no more than a mint-mark.

<|),

in

some cases

r, Hyria, 32

f.

EVA\EA/OV,

Syracuse, 225

TAPME,
<t>,

Syracuse, 229

EYAMHNOY,
EYAI,
Camarina, 170
Syracuse, 227

Syracuse, 224 f., 228

Thurium, 105, Velia, 113

Terina, 147

fi.,

EYAINETO,
EYO,
EVAA
,

HPAKAEIAA5,
KIMI2N,

Catana, 172

Syracuse,

225
Syracuse, 228
Velia, 117

<|)IAISTII2NoS,

Velia,

118

EYKAEIAA,

Syracuse, 228

Syracuse, 225

KAEYAHPOY,

XOIPIXIN,

Catana, 172

INDEX

XI.
CITIES,

REMARKABLE INSCRIPTIONS, TITLES OF

MAGISTRATES,
(a)

AND OF

Etc.

GREEK
of
letters

One

or tteo of the shorter combinations

may

represent magistrates' names.

AfAOOKAEIOS
238
VOL.
I.

viKt),

Syracuse,

ArnNOOEZIA,
370

Thessalonica,

AAPANOY,

Mamertini, 200

Al, Pelinna, 454

3 E

490

INDEX

XI.
Syi-acuse,

AIS, Thermae Himerenses, 190

AlOS EAAANIOY,
242
f.

KA B() POC
373

Thessalonica, 368,

AKPAPAS, Agrigentum, 162 AKTIAnveiA, Permthus, 401

AIOZ ZnTHPOZ,
164

Agrigentum,

KABIPEIA,

Thessalonica, 374

AAEIANAPoV,

Macedon under
ff.

KAINON,
? ?
;

Alaesa, 165
Entella,

the Romans, 357

AflAN
PhiHp-

Metapontum, 93

KAMPANriN,
445

180

AAEZANAPnveiA,
popolis,

KENAPEICEIA,
EAKAIA,
Thessalonica, 366
Italy,

PhilippopoHs,

444
Catana,

AMEA/(A/)AA/OS,
172
f.

onH3,
370

Uncertain of

150

KOINONGPAKHNAAEZA
NAPIA,
PhilippopoHs, 444

EAEYOEPIAZ,
I
I
,

Thessalonica,

A N TUN N A

Byzantium, 396

AOPTON
pania,

Uncertain of Cam-

EAEYGEPIOS,
EAI
,

Metapontum, 91

koinongpakhnaaezan APnveiA, PhilippopoHs,

444

49
Catana, 172

Alexander the Great, 323

,

AroAAflN,

EN

no N Tn
421 152

Apollonia (Thrace),

KOINONMAKEAONHN,
Macedon under the Romans,
357
ff.

APOAAnNOS,
APT,

Tauromenium,

255, Apollonia (Macedon), 270

EOYMENTHI,
Italy,

Uncertain

of

Alexander the Great, 309

Mamertini, 201
f.

KOPAS,
f.,

Syracuse, 238
Perinthus,

APEOZ, A PXA r ETAS, Tauromenium, 254 A PX wn'Sctos, Alaesa, 166 f. ASSI/VOS, Naxus, 207
AYToK/adrtop, Thessalonica, 370

EPI,

Maroneia, 379

Abdera,
ff.

KTICTHN, TON,
400

384, Byzantium, 393

KTICTHC TOMOC,
QEXexO'* Velecha, 13

Tomis,

416

AXIAAYC,

Thessaly, 459

ZEYS EAEYO EPI OS, Syracuse,

232, 234
.,

AEY,

Amestratus, 168
Syracuse,

238

AEYKASriS,
229

225,

BACtXeW, ETTI, Byzantium, 397

BVZAZ,
ri>

Byzantium, 395

Hre/ioi/evovTos,

Marcianopolis, 412,

AEYKIPPOS,

Metapontum, 91

Nicopolis

ad
442,

Istrum,

413,

CEDE,

Rubi, 57

Pautalia,

PhilippopoHs,

MESSANA,

Messana, 198

443

MHTPO^rdAcoos
Tomis, 417
f.

nONTOV,
Macedon
357
f.,
ff.,

AAMATw.

Enna, 179

HPAKAEOYZ ZHTHPOZ,
B,

AHMHTPOCTO
Byzantium, 395
Maroneia, 381

ni,

Thasos, 391
|-Po)os,

Byzantium, 395

f.

NEHKOPHN,
the

under
Thes-

AIONYZOY ZnXHPOZ,
AtOS,
201
Locri,

Romans,
374

137,

Mamertini,

eeOZ, Thessalonica, 369 OEOY MEPAAOY, Odessus,418

IZ, Neapolis, 37, 39, 41
I

salonica,

Perinthus,

400

S.,

PHlippopoHs, 445

NEHKOPHN,
Syracuse,

B(AIC), Maceif.,

AIOZ EAEYOEPIOY,
240

don under the Romans, 357

Perinthus, 400, 402
ff.

WSWM

Perinthus, 403

* Probably Osoan.

See Conway,

Italic Dialects, pp.

147

f.

INDEX
NIKA,
Metapontum, 94,
Bruttii,

XI. 459

491

PflMaiW,

Thessali,

SnXElPA,

Syracuse, 231, 239

f.

PHMA,

Locri, 137
,

PflMAinN

Neapolis, 43

TAMIOY,
Thes-

Macedonia
f.

Roman
Tomis,

0B0A05
OTKIa,

Metapontum, 94

PriMH ZEBAZZTH,
salonica,

Province, 355

Syracuse, 233

371

TOMOC
416
Segesta, 212,
f.

KTICTHC,

OIKI5TAS,
I

Croton, 133
,

OMONO A
Nicaea, 398

Byzautium
Thessali,

and

SATESTAIIB,

TPIflBOAO,

Samothrace, 388

f.,

459
419,

OV ATT

II1A*^A5, Tauromenium, 254

f.,

TVXHC nOA(0C,
Byzantium, 396

ni,

AC,

AncHalus,
f.,

Pautalia, 442

Serdica,

446

CEBACTA, Byzantium, 396 ZEBAZTHXIN GEZZAAilN,

Thessali,

Topirus, 447

V n aTeuoi/Tos, Marcianopolis, 411

Mcopolis ad Istrnm, 414
fE.

ff.,

459
f.

rEAI2PIA5, Messana, niSTI5, Locri, 137

199

f.

5ErESTAIIB, Segesta, 213 SEPESTAIIE, Segesta, 215 SEAINOES, SeHnus, 218

1,

YPIANOS, Hyria, 32 HVPIETE^,* Hyria, 31

HV\:'AS,
Selinus,

POSEIAAN,

Messana, 199

217

f.

nVeiA,
444

Thessalonica,

374

5EAIA/OS, Selinus, 217 S3TO, Himera, 188

<l>EPAIMnN,

Messana, 199

Perinthus,

401, Philippopolis,

ZTPATHrOY, Thessali, 459 ZYPAKOZIOI rEAHNOZ,

Syracuse, 245

<I>IAAAEA<|)EIA, Perinthus, 402

nVeiAAlB,

Thessalonica, 375

XAAKIAEflN,

Olynthus, 272

(P)

LATIN
Deci-eto(?),

AELianum M(0)VNICIP,

Coela, 386

Macedon under the Romans, 356

/XI^ERNINO,
/X

Aesemia, 22

Decreto

Decurionum,

Romans

in Sicily, 258,

Dium,

Al PERNIO, Aesemia, 22

361

QV N O
I

Aquinnm, 21

DE
II

III

TOL

Uncertain of Italy, 151

102, Enna, 180,

VI(R), Paestum,
Sicily,

Romans

in

CALENO,

Gales,

27

f.

258

COHOR PRAE

PHIL,

Philippi,

282

COLAVGIVL, Philippi, 282 COLFLawa PACensis, Deultum, COLIVLAVG Cassandrea, 273 COLONIAIVL, Dinm, 361
,

HISPANORVM,
438
ff.

Romans

in Sicily,

258

f.,

Pella,

364

f.

ITALIA,

Social

War, 24

COLPACensis, Deultum, 440

Comitio(^)
Decur{onum(?'), Panormus, 211
Assorus, 168

UADINOD

(=Larinor[um']), Larinum, 25

LEX XXXX,

Paestum, 102

CRYSAS,

* This IB undoubtedly the true reading. was formerly supposed.

The alphabet employed

is

pure Greek, and not a mixture of Greek and Oscan, as

3 R 2

492

INDEX

XI.
Quaestor, Macedonia a

MVNICI, Stobi, 365 AAVN HENNA, Enna,

Roman

Province, 355

180

QVI,

Paestum, 102

ROAAA,
PAI^TANO,
Paesfcum, 99

Romano-Campanian,

49

fE.,

Romano-

Lucerian, 56

PATR onus,
PR aetm;
r R BO V M
,

Paestum, 102

ROA\ANO,

Romano-Campanian, 50

ff.

Sardinia, 262

Suessa Aurunca, 47
Siiessa
,

SARD PATER,
^VE^ANO,
in
Sicily,

Sardinia,

262

TROBVM
258

Aurunca, 47

Suessa Aurunca, 47

PRO COS

Lilybaeum, 195,

Romans

TIANO,
Dacia, 405f.

Teanum

Sidicinum, 48

PROVINCIA,
406
ff.

Provinciae Moesiae Snjicrioris

COL,

Viminacium,

VIC AVG,

PHlippi, 282
Aesernia, 22

VOUC/XNOA\,

(y)

OSCAN

Some of

the legends in the preceding Index, though written in the Latin alphabet, are
in dialect. *

probably Oscan

JOa^R
DflRX

(cuJerl),

Atella, 26

f.

>

I-

nRRn
[

>

{g-paapii -g-),

Social

War,

23
(Aropit),

Capua, 29

f.

JI-TVkM
Social

']\V\f^f^V\-> {g-paapi.. muUl),

War, 23

aVTROakMB
5IV4T5I8

{emhratm-). Social

War, 23

^IPI
ifistluis),
ifistlus),

KINVP

(sidikinud),

Teanum

Sidicinum, 48

Phistelia,

46

SI^TUV^
]>IDV>I

Phistelia,

45

^VMRKT

(tianud),

Teanum

Sidicinum, 48

(m

luvJc

__

),

Social

War, 23
(nuvhrimm

H4VMa3TR8RslRmVma>l3VM
alafaternimi), Nuceria Alfaterna,

VU3TI-3
flME<]Y

(viteliu),

Social

War, 23

45

(urena), Hyria, 32
I

WVHaaTRSjn WVma>IDVM
alfaternum) , Nuceria Alfaterna, 45

[mwlcrimm

V> NA
I

(urinai), etc., Hyria,

32

cases

* See Conway, Italic Dialects, pp. 143 f., 146, 199 f. Suoli confusion of tongues and alphabets is quite to be expected in where Latin colonies were planted among Oscan-speaking tribes. Cf. op. cit., pp. 31 (Note lY.) and 171.

INDEX

XI.

i'jy,

(8)

ETRUSCAN*
Ifl^
(vat),

D NO

(irnOi),

Uncertain of Campania, f 49 Uncertain of Campania, 49

Vetulonia, 17
{veinae),l Uncertain of Italy,

IDN

{irnSi),

FEINRE?
KlOfljgSl

150

(De^a^n), Volaterrae, 3

flMVJIVI

(piipluna), Popiilonia,

17

(0

PUNIC
f^\'^^^^f'*l\
footnote
(r[ffl]s

\^\

(ziz),

Panormns, 208

f.,

Syi-acnse, 225, footnote

m[e]?g'[]ri), Syracuse, 227.

^\')1 (^ []/[]'). Solus, 219 yo ('at), Alexander the Great, 314

Y'7^Z,o^'^

{sJi

haul

ziz),

Panormus, 208

An Umbrian

inscription

(ttt,

tutere) occurs

on pp. 4

f.

and

19.

+ Prof. Conway (Italic Dialects, p. 148, n. xviii.) regards this and the following legend as Etruscan. His opinion, he informs me, is based on "the thoroughly un-Oscan group of consonants rnth, which is at the same time common in Etruscan inscriptions." It is, therefore, in no way modified by the fact that Plate iv. 2 shows distinctly the Oscan -\, which has hitherto been doubtful on this class of coins see Berlin Catalogue, ill. i. 163.
;

have to add that Professor Conway writes to me that, assuming my i^eading to be c&rrect, he would class the legend as Etruscan rather than Oscan. " The spelling -ae is distinctly non-Oscan, and can be due only to either Etruscan or Latin influence. The ending -ae appears in Etruscan inscriptions, e.g., Italic Dialects, p. 527, 22*, and may or may The loss is common enough in inscriptions under Etruscan influence and others not have lost an -s in pronunciation. (Ital. Dial., p. 288, footnote), but both -e (uom.) and -es (gen.) are recognized Etruscan endings (Pauli, Altital. Stud. 3, p. 21)."
X

To the footnote on

p. 150, I

494

TABLE OF THE RELATIVE WEIGHTS

OF

ENGLISH GEAINS and FEENCH GEAMMES

Grains

495

TABLE FOR CONVERTING

ENGLISH INCHES INTO MILLIMETRES

AND THE

MEASURES OF MIONNET'S SCALE

English Inches

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