Rachel Boldrey December 6, 2011 BIOL 201 GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY Lecture Quiz 5: Chapters 26 & 27 Answers to quiz questions

should be submitted on separate paper in typed format. 1. The thin envelope of life that surrounds the earth's surface is called the A. atmosphere. B. biosphere. C. lithosphere. D. hydrosphere. E. ecosystem. 2. The conversion of gaseous nitrogen (N2) to the ammonium ion (NH4+) occurs during A. ammonification. B. nitrogen fixation. C. photosynthesis. D. nitrification. E. denitrification. 3. Using microbes to break down or remove toxic wastes in water and soil is called A. decomposition. B. synergism. C. mineralization. D. bioremediation. E. recycling.

4. Potable water is A. contaminated. B. polluted. C. safe to drink. D. foul testing. E. None of the choices are correct. 5. The niche of an organism includes all of the following except A. Nutritional intake B. Position in the community structure C. Rate of population growth D. Number of offspring it produces E. All of the above. 6. Bacteria can function in all the following roles in an ecosystem except as a A. primary producer. B. consumer. C. decomposer. D. parasite. E. Bacteria can function in all the roles listed.

7. Water moves through sand beds and activated charcoal in this step of water purification: A. chlorination B. aeration and settling C. sedimentation D. storage E. filtration 8. The yeast used in making bread, beer, and wine is A. Saccharomyces cerevisiae. B. Leuconostoc mesenteroides. C. Streptococcus lactis and Lactobacillus. D. Propionibacterium. E. Spirulina. 9. Preservation of food to limit microbial survival and growth includes A. high temperature. B. pasteurization. C. refrigeration and freezing. D. irradiation. E. All of the choices are correct. 10. Which of the following causes food intoxication? A. Salmonellosis B. Listerosis C. Campylobacteriosis D. Staphyloccocal enteritis E. Vibrio enteritis 11. All of the following foods are preserved using high osmotic pressure except A. jellies. B. pickles. C. canned fruit. D. candies. E. bread. 12. In 2006, the Food and Drug Administration approved the spraying of bacteriophages onto ready-to-eat meat products to A. prevent Salmonellosis. B. increase the nutritional content of the food. C. prevent mold. D. sterilize the food. E. prevent Listeriosis. 13. A PREDATOR is a form of consumer that actively seeks out and ingests live prey.

14. The science called microbial ECOLOGY studies interactions between microbes and their environment and how those interactions affect the earth. 15. Organisms that inhabit soil or water and breakdown and absorb the organic matter of dead organisms are called DECOMPOSERS. 16. Carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide are believed to be GREENHOUSE_ gases that could disrupt the temperature balance of the earth. 17. Finding E COLI in water is a good indication that it has been fecally contaminated. 18. A food BOTULISM results from ingestion of exotoxin secreted by bacterial cells growing in the food. 19. Hypertonic levels of sugar or salt create high OSMOTIC pressure that plasmolyzes bacteria. 20. The fermentation of milk by Streptococcus thermophilus produces YOGURT.