The very nature of the strong nuclear force

The four forces of nature

Like the four musketeers, it is usually assmed that there exists four forces gravitation, electromagnetc, strong, feeble. The first two, known since more than two centuries satisfy the Coulomb law, in 1/r. The last two have been imagined during the twentieth century by nuclear physicists. The weak force has been unified with electromagnetism: it may be entirely electromagnetic The strong force, varies from 10 to 1000 times stronger than the electromagnetic interaction, depending on the author. The laws of the strong and weak forces are still unknown. Their fundamental physical constants, sometimes assumed to vary, are inexistent in the tables of physical constants such as the Handbook of Chemistry and Physics.

The origin of the strong force

Bohr solved the problem of the atom two years after Rutherford found the atomic nucleus. The shell model was imagined by analogy with the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom. One century later, a coherent theory of the nucleus is still inexistent: nuclear physics seem to be in a dead end. The fundamental constants of the nuclear interaction such as the coupling constant are still missing in the "Handbook of Chemistry and Physics" and most tables of physical constants. The reason of this long unsuccessful research by thousands of distinguished scientists comes from the belief that the nucleus behaves like the atom. The nucleus contains no predominant central particle, no nucleus around which the nucleons may orbite. Therefore the angular momentum is undefined. With an orbital movement, the deuteron is comparable to binary stars whose stability is questionable. The proton contains the same charge as the electron but of opposite sign. The not so neutral neutron contains electric charges with no net charge. The intrinsic spin generates the proton and neutron magnetic moments by the rotation of their electric charges. For the sake of simplicity, let us consider the simplest nucleus, the deuteron, made of one proton and one neutron. The resulting magnetic moment is roughly the difference between the magnetic moments of the proton and the neutron. By reason of symmetry they have to be collinear and not orbiting like two collinear and opposite magnets repulsing themselves. This is the magnetic part of the deuteron potential. The so-called strong force was imagined only to equilibrate the

centrifugal force, impossible with the too weak electromagnetic forces. Without the centrifugal force, the electromagnetic forces (electrostatic and magnetic) explain quantitatively the nuclear energy as I have shown in my paper..