Brand Name: Chloromycetin

Generic Name: Chloramphenicol

Indication: External Ear Canal inIection
Drug Classification: Antibiotic (Macrolides)
Mechanism of Action: Inhibits or destroysbacteria in ear canal.
Dosage: Adults and Children: 2-3 drops in ear canal
Special Precaution: Renal or hepatic impairment, G6PD deIiciency, acute intermittent porphyria. Premature and Iull term inIants
Pregnancy Risk Category: C
Adverse Reaction: EENT: ear itching or burning GU: hemoglobinuria
Hematologic: bone marrow depression, bone marrow hypoplasia, aplastic anemia
Metabolic: Lactic acidosis
Skin: pruritis, urticaria
Other: overgrowth or non susceptible organisms
Contraindications: Contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to drug or its
components and in those with perIorated eardrum.
Form: Otic solution: 0.5
Nursing Responsibility:
Obtain history oI drug use and reactions.
Monitor patient Ior signs and symptoms oI super inIection. Avoid prolonged use.
Reculture persistent drainage
Monitor patient Ior sore throat ( early sign oI toxicity)
Alert: Don`t conIuse Chloromycetin with chlorambucil

Salbutamol (INN) or albuterol (USAN) is a short-acting
2
-adrenergic receptor agonist used Ior the relieI oI bronchospasm in conditions such
as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It is marketed as Ventolin among other brand names.
It is marketed by GlaxoSmithKline as Ventolin, Ventoline, Ventilan, Aerolin or Ventorlin, depending on the market;
by Cipla as Asthalinand Asthavent; by Schering-Plough as Proventil, by Teva as ProAir and by Ad-din Pharma as Ventosol
Salbutamol was the Iirst selective
2
-receptor agonist to be marketed in 1968. It was Iirst sold by Allen & Hanburys under the brand
name Jentolin. The drug was an instant success, and has been used Ior the treatment oI asthma ever since.
|2|


Medical uses

Salbutamol is typically used to treat bronchospasm (due to either asthma or exercise) as well as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
|3|

Other uses include in cystic Iibrosis, along with ipratropium bromide, acetylcysteine, andpulmozyme and subtypes oI congenital myasthenic
syndromes associated to mutations in Dok-7.
|citation needed|

As a
2
-agonist, salbutamol also Iinds use in obstetrics. Intravenous salbutamol can be used as a tocolytic to relax the uterine smooth muscle to
delay premature labor. While preIerred over agents such as atosiban and ritodrine, its role has largely been replaced by the calcium-channel
blocker niIedipine, which is more eIIective, better tolerated and orally administered.
|4|

Dosage and administration
Adults and children over 12 years: The recommended dose is 2 - 4 mg (5 - 10 ml syrup) 3 - 4 times daily. The maximal daily dose should not exceed
32 mg (divided in 3 or 4 doses). Children: between 2 and 6 years, the dose is 0.1 - 0.2 mg/kg body weight given 3 times daily. The maximal daily
dose must not exceed 4 mg, 3 times daily, and the daily dose Ior 6 - 12 years-old children is to 24 mg daily, divided in 3 or 4 doses.

AMINOPHYLLINE

Synonymous with theophylline ethylenediamine.
Brands:
Aminophylline, Phyllocontin, Truphylline

Availability
aminophylline tablets: 100 mg (theophylline equivalent 78.9 mg ), and 200 mg (theophylline equivalent158 mg)
225 mg controlled released tablets
aminophylline injectable: 25 mg/mL (theophylline equivalent 19.7 mg/mL)
aminophylline oral liquid: 105 mg/5ml (theophylline equivalent 90 mg/5ml )

Pharmacology
A bronchodilator, aminophylline is a derivative oI theophylline. Both aminophylline and theophylline are methylxanthines and are derived Irom the
group called Xanthines. The drug aminophylline diIIers somewhat in its structure Irom theophylline in that it contains ethylenediamine, as well as
more molecules oI water. Aminophylline tends to be a less potent and shorter acting than theophylline.
Drugs in the Xanthine group relax smooth muscle particularly bronchial muscle, stimulate cardiac muscle and the central nervous system, and
produce diuresis. They also cross the placental barrier.
These drugs can be given orally, although absorption may be slow and not as eIIective as when given parenterally.
The methylxanthines are partly metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine.

Dosage Recommendations
2.5 mg/lb to 5 mg/lb , PO or SQ, BID or TID 3
The injectable may be given orally.

Considerations
Check with veterinarian iI serum levels need to be monitored.
Make Iluids available since aminophylline will increase urine output.
Do not give chocolate, colas, or caIIeine, as this may increase the eIIect oI the drug.
Can cause panic attack in rats because oI its stimulant eIIect.
Use recommended nebulizers with a particle size oI 0.5-5 micrometer when nebulizing bronchodilators, mucolytics or antimicrobials in
rats. Nebulizers with a larger particle size that are used Ior humans, or small animals, will not be as eIIective in delivering the medication to the rat.
ReIrigerate injectable solution, protect Irom Ireezing and light. Injectables should not be used iI it shows precipitate in solution.

hat is budesonide?

Budesonide is a steroid. It prevents the release oI substances in the body that cause inIlammation..
Budesonide is used to treat mild to moderate Crohn's disease.
Budesonide may also be used Ior other purposes not listed in this medication guide.

Generic Name: budesonide (oral) (bue DES oh nide)
Brand Names: ntocort

How should I take budesonide?

Take this medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not take it in larger amounts or Ior longer than recommended. Follow the directions on
your prescription label.

Take this medication with a Iull glass oI water.
Budesonide should be taken beIore a meal.

Do not crush, chew, break, or open an extended-release capsule. Swallow the pill whole. Breaking or opening the pill may cause too much oI the
drug to be released at one time.
II you take budesonide long term, your blood may need to be tested on a regular basis. Do not miss any scheduled appointments.

II you need to have any type oI surgery, tell the surgeon ahead oI time that you are using budesonide. You may need to stop using the medicine Ior a
short time. Store budesonide at room temperature away Irom moisture and heat.
Usual Adult Dose Ior Crohn's Disease -- Acute:

Mild to moderate active Crohn's Disease involving the ileum and or ascending colon:
9 mg orally once daily in the morning Ior up to 8 weeks. Treatment can be tapered to 6 mg daily Ior 2 weeks prior to complete cessation. For
recurring episodes oI active Crohn's Disease, repeated eight-week courses can be given. Following 8 week course(s) oI treatment Ior active disease
and once the patient's symptoms are controlled, 6 mg once daily is recommended Ior maintenance oI clinical remission up to 3 months.

Usual Adult Dose Ior Asthma -- Maintenance:

Pulmicort Turbuhaler (200 mcg/inh):

Previously treated with bronchodilators alone:
I to 2 inhalations (200 mcg to 400 mcg) twice daily. Maximum dose: 2 inhalations (400 mcg) twice daily.

Previously treated with inhaled corticosteroids:
I to 2 inhalations (200 mcg to 400 mcg) twice daily. Maximum dose: 4 inhalations (800 mcg) twice daily.

Previously treated with oral corticosteroids:
I to 4 inhalations (400 mcg to 800 mcg) twice daily. Maximum dose: 4 inhalations (800 mcg) twice daily.

Pulmicort Flexhaler (90 and 180 mcg/inh):
2 inhalations (360 mcg) twice daily. In some patients, a starting dose oI 180 mcg twice daily may be appropriate. The maximum dosage should not
exceed 360 mcg twice daily.

Usual Pediatric Dose Ior Asthma -- Maintenance:

inhalation powder:
6 years or older:

Pulmicort Turbuhaler (200 mcg/inh):
Previously treated with bronchodilators alone or with inhaled corticosteroids:
I inhalation (200 mcg) twice daily. Maximum dose: 2 inhalations (400 mcg) twice daily.
Previously treated with oral corticosteroids:
2 inhalations (400 mcg) twice daily. Maximum dose: 2 inhalations (400 mcg) twice daily.

Pulmicort Flexhaler (90 and 180 mcg/inh):
1 inhalation (180 mcg) twice daily. In some patients, a starting dose oI 360 mcg twice daily may be appropriate. The maximum dosage should not
exceed 360 mcg twice daily.

inhalation suspension:
1 to 8 years:
Previously treated with bronchodilators alone:
0.5 mg total daily dose given once or twice daily in divided doses. Maximum dose: 0.5 mg /day.
Previously treated with inhaled corticosteroids:
0.5 mg total daily dose given once or twice daily in divided doses. Maximum dose: 1 mg /day.
Previously treated with oral corticosteroids:
1 mg total daily dose given once or twice daily in divided doses. Maximum dose: 1 mg /day.

Symptomatic children not responding to nonsteroidal asthma medications: Initial: 0.25 mg once daily may be considered

Generic Name: clindamycin

Brand Names: Cleocin HCl, Clindamycin Phosphate, Cleocin Pediatric, Clindamycin Hydrochloride, Cleocin Phosphate

What is this medicine?
CLINDAMYCIN (KLIN da MYE sin) is a lincosamide antibiotic. It is used to treat certain kinds oI bacterial inIections. It will not work Ior colds,
Ilu, or other viral inIections.

This medicine may be used Ior other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist iI you have questions.
What should I tell my health care provider beIore I take this medicine?
They need to know iI you have any oI these conditions:
kidney disease
liver disease
stomach problems like colitis
an unusual or allergic reaction to clindamycin, lincomycin, or other medicines, Ioods, dyes like tartrazine or preservatives
pregnant or trying to get pregnant
breast-Ieeding
How should I use this medicine?
Take this medicine by mouth with a Iull glass oI water. Follow the directions on the prescription label. You can take this medicine with Iood or on an
empty stomach. II the medicine upsets your stomach, take it with Iood. Take your medicine at regular intervals. Do not take your medicine more
oIten than directed. Take all oI your medicine as directed even iI you think your are better. Do not skip doses or stop your medicine early.

Talk to your pediatrician regarding the use oI this medicine in children. Special care may be needed.

Overdosage: II you think you have taken too much oI this medicine contact a poison control center or emergency room at once.
NOTE: This medicine is only Ior you. Do not share this medicine with others.

Dosage: AduIts: Serious infections 150 to 300 mg every 6 hours.
More severe infections 300 to 450 mg every 6 hours.
!0diatric !ati03ts: Serious infections 8 to 16 mg/kg/day (4 to 8 mg/lb/day) divided into three or four equal
doses. More severe infections 16 to 20 mg/kg/day (8 to 10 mg/lb/day) divided into three or four equal doses.
To avoid the possibility of esophageal irritation, Clindamycin HCl Capsules should be taken with a full glass of water.
Serious infections due to anaerobic bacteria are usually treated with Clindamycin Phosphate Sterile Solution. However, in
clinically appropriate circumstances, the physician may elect to initiate treatment or continue treatment with Clindamycin
HCl Capsules.
n cases of -hemolytic streptococcal infections, treatment should continue for at least 10 days.

Generic Name: cephalexin (sef a LEX in)
Brand names: KeIlex, Panixine, BioceI, Zartan

Important inIormation about cephalexin

Do not use this medication iI you are allergic to cephalexin, or to similar antibiotics, such as Ceclor, CeItin, CeIzil, DuriceI, Fortaz, OmniceI,
SpectraceI, Suprax, and others.

BeIore using cephalexin, tell your doctor iI you are allergic to any drugs (especially penicillins), or iI you have kidney or liver disease, a stomach or
intestinal disorder such as colitis, diabetes, or iI you are malnourished.

Take this medication Ior the entire length oI time prescribed by your doctor. Your symptoms may get better beIore the inIection is completely
treated. Cephalexin will not treat a viral inIection such as the common cold or Ilu.

BeIore taking cephalexin

Do not use this medication iI you are allergic to cephalexin, or to other cephalosporin antibiotics, such as:

ceIaclor (Ceclor);
ceIadroxil (DuriceI);
ceIdinir (OmniceI);
ceIditoren (SpectraceI);
ceIixime (Suprax);
ceIprozil (CeIzil);
ceItazidime (Fortaz); or
ceIuroxime (CeItin).
BeIore using cephalexin, tell your doctor iI you are allergic to any drugs (especially penicillins), or iI you have:

kidney disease;
liver disease;
a stomach or intestinal disorder such as colitis;
diabetes; or
iI you are malnourished.
II you have any oI these conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to saIely take cephalexin.

The oral suspension (liquid) Iorm oI cephalexin may contain sugar. This may aIIect you iI you have diabetes.

FDA pregnancy category B. Cephalexin is not expected to be harmIul to an unborn baby. Tell your doctor iI you are pregnant or plan to become
pregnant during treatment. Cephalexin can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor
iI you are breast-Ieeding a baby.

Generic Name: HYDROCORTISONE PROBUTATE - TOPICAL
Pronounced: (HYE-droe-KOR-ti-sone proe-BUE-tate)

hydrocortisone buteprate Top Uses
This medication is used to treat a variety oI skin conditions (e.g., eczema, dermatitis, allergies, rash). Hydrocortisone probutate reduces the swelling,
itching, and redness that can occur in these types oI conditions. This medication is a medium-strength corticosteroid. Do not use this medication to
treat diaper rash.

Uses Ior Hydrocortisone Buteprate

Corticosteroid-responsive Dermatoses
RelieI oI inIlammatory and pruritic maniIestations oI corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses.b
Nonprescription preparations used Ior temporary relieI oI minor skin irritations, itching, and rash caused by eczema, dermatitis, insect bites, poison
ivy, poison oak, poison sumac, soaps, detergents, cosmetics, or jewelry.a
Nonprescription preparations used Ior temporary relieI oI itchy anal and/or genital areas.a
Nonprescription preparations used Ior temporary relieI oI itching and minor scalp irritation caused by scalp dermatitis.a
Generally most eIIective in acute or chronic dermatoses (e.g., seborrheic or atopic dermatitis, localized neurodermatitis, anogenital pruritus, psoriasis,
late phase oI allergic contact dermatitis, inIlammatory phase oI xerosis).b
Topical therapy generally preIerred over systemic therapy; Iewer associated adverse systemic eIIects.b
Topical therapy generally only controls maniIestations oI dermatoses; eliminate cause iI possible.b
Topical eIIicacy may be increased by using a higher concentration or occlusive dressing therapy. (See Administration with Occlusive Dressing under
Dosage and Administration.)b
Response may vary Irom one topical corticosteroid preparation to another.b
Anti-inIlammatory activity may vary considerably depending on the vehicle, drug concentration, site oI application, disease, and individual patient.

Hydrocortisone Buteprate Dosage and Administration

General

Consider location oI the lesion and the condition being treated when choosing a dosage Iorm.
Creams are suitable Ior most dermatoses, but ointments may also provide some occlusion and are usually used Ior the treatment oI dry, scaly lesions.
Lotions are probably best Ior treatment oI weeping eruptions, especially in areas subject to chaIing (e.g., axilla, Ioot, groin).b Lotions, gels, and
aerosols may be used on hairy areas, particularly the scalp.
Formulation aIIects percutaneous penetration and subsequent activity; extemporaneous preparation or dilution oI commercial preparations with
another vehicle may decrease eIIectiveness.
Patients applying a topical corticosteroid to a large surIace area and/or to areas under occlusion should be evaluated periodically Ior evidence oI
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis suppression by appropriate endocrine testing (e.g., ACTH stimulation, plasma cortisol, urinary Iree
cortisol).b (See Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Suppresion and also Systemic EIIects, under Cautions.)

Dosage

Available as hydrocortisone (dosage expressed in terms oI the base) and as hydrocortisone acetate, buteprate, butyrate, and valerate (dosage
expressed in terms oI the salt).a

Pediatric Patients
Administer the least amount oI topical preparations that provides eIIective therapy.b (See Pediatric Use under Cautions.)

Corticosteroid-responsive Dermatoses
Topical
Nonprescription hydrocortisone preparations should not be used in children 2 years oI age unless directed and supervised by a clinician.b
Children _2 years oI age: Apply appropriate cream, lotion, ointment, or solution sparingly 14 times daily.a

Adults
Corticosteroid-responsive Dermatoses
Topical
Apply appropriate cream, lotion, ointment, or solution sparingly 14 times daily.
Apply aerosol Ioam to aIIected area 24 times daily.a I

Nonprescription preparations should not be used Ior selI-medication Ior ~7 days.
II the condition worsens or symptoms persist, discontinue and consult a clinician.

Oral Lesions
Topical
Apply a small amount oI paste to the lesion 2 or 3 times daily aIter meals and at bedtime.a
II substantial regeneration or repair oI oral tissues does not occur aIter 7 days, Iurther investigate etiology oI the lesions.a

Ulcerative Colitis and Anorectal Disorders
Rectal (as Retention Enema)
Adjunctive treatment oI ulcerative colitis: 100 mg nightly.a Some clinicians recommend 100 mg twice daily Iollowed by 100 mg nightly when
improvement occurs.
Usually given Ior 21 days or until clinical and proctologic remissions are achieved.
Lay on leIt side during and Ior 30 minutes aIter administration to distribute drug throughout the leIt colon.a Retain Ior _1 hour, preIerably all night.
Symptoms may improve in 35 days, Iollowed by proctologic improvement.Discontinue iI clinical or proctologic improvement does not occur within
23 weeks.
Protologic remission may require 23 months oI therapy.
Following treatment Ior ~21 days, gradually withdraw use; give every other night Ior 23 weeks, then discontinue.

Rectal (as Foam)
Ulcerative proctitis oI the distal rectum: 90 mg (1 applicatorIul oI a 10 aerosol Ioam suspension) 1 or 2 times daily Ior 23 weeks.a g Then, iI
necessary, every other day until clinical and proctologic improvement.a g

Symptoms may improve within 57 days.a g

Rectal (as Suppository)
Adjunctive treatment oI ulcerative colitis oI the rectum and other inIlammatory conditions oI the anorectum: 25 mg in the morning and at night Ior 2
weeks.
Severe proctitis: 25 mg 3 times daily or 50 mg twice daily.
Adjunctive treatment oI postirradiation or Iactitial proctitis: 25 mg in the morning and at night Ior 68 weeks (or less iI an adequate response is
attained).
For internal hemorrhoid symptoms and adjunctive treatment oI other anorectal inIlammatory conditions: 10 mg in the morning and at night Ior 26
days.

Prescribing Limits

Pediatric Patients
Corticosteroid-responsive Dermatoses
SelI-medication
Topical
Maximum 7 days.

Adults
Corticosteroid-responsive Dermatoses
SelI-medication
Topical
Maximum 7 days.

hat is phenylephrine (Ah-Chew D, Dimetapp Cold Drops, Lusonal, Nasop, Nasop12, PediaCare Children's Decongestant, Phenyl-T,
Sudafed PE, Sudafed PE Children's Nasal Decongestant, Sudafed PE Quick Dissolve, Sudogest PE, Triaminic Thin Strips Cold)?
Phenylephrine is a decongestant that shrinks blood vessels in the nasal passages. Dilated blood vessels can cause nasal congestion (stuIIy nose).
Phenylephrine is used to treat nasal congestion and sinus pressure caused by allergies, the common cold, or the Ilu. Phenylephrine may be used to
treat congestion oI the tubes that drain Iluid Irom your inner ears, called the eustachian (yoo-STAY-shun) tubes.
Phenylephrine may also be used Ior other purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Generic Name: phenylephrine (FEN il EFF rin)
Brand names: Ah-Chew D, Dimetapp Cold Drops, Lusonal, Nasop, Nasop12, PediaCare Children's Decongestant, Phenyl-T, SudaIed PE, SudaIed
PE Children's Nasal Decongestant, SudaIed PE Quick Dissolve, Sudogest PE, Triaminic Thin Strips Cold, Neo-Synephrine, Despec-SF, SudaIed PE
Extra Strength, Triaminic Thin Strips Nasal Congestion, Triaminic Toddler Congestion Thin Strips, Triaminic Thin Strips InIant Decongestant,
Dimetapp Children's Cold & Allergy

How should I use phenylephrine?

Use this medication exactly as directed on the label, or as it has been prescribed by your doctor. Do not use the medication in larger amounts, or use
it Ior longer than recommended. Cold medicine is usually taken only Ior a short time until your symptoms clear up.

Do not give this medication to a child younger than 4 years old. Always ask a doctor beIore giving a cough or cold medicine to a child. Death can
occur Irom the misuse oI cough and cold medicines in very young children. You may take phenylephrine with Iood iI it upsets your stomach. Take
the phenylephrine tablet with a Iull glass oI water.
Measure the liquid Iorm oI phenylephrine with a special dose-measuring spoon or cup, not a regular table spoon. II you do not have a dose-measuring
device, ask your pharmacist Ior one.

The chewable phenylephrine tablet must be chewed thoroughly beIore you swallow it.

To use the phenylephrine disintegrating strip, place one strip on your tongue and allow it to dissolve without chewing.

To use the disintegrating tablet, make sure your hands are dry and peel back the Ioil Irom the blister package. Place the tablet on your tongue. It will
begin to dissolve right away. Do not swallow the tablet whole. Allow it to dissolve in your mouth without chewing.

Phenylephrine is usually taken every 4 hours. Follow the directions on the medicine label. Never take more oI the medicine than directed on the label
or prescribed by your doctor.

Call your doctor iI your symptoms do not improve aIter 7 days oI using phenylephrine, or iI they get worse and your also have a Iever.
II you need to have any type oI surgery, tell the surgeon ahead oI time iI you have taken a cold medicine within the past Iew days.

Store phenylephrine at room temperature away Irom moisture and heat. Keep the disintegrating tablets or strips in their package until you are ready to
take one.
Throw away any unused phenylephrine aIter the expiration date on the label has passed. Do not Ilush this medication down a toilet. Ask your
pharmacist about the saIest way to dispose oI unused medicines.