Mechanics Paper 1 Study Guide 1. A small electrically charged sphere is suspended vertically from a thread.

An oppositely charged rod is brought close to the sphere such that the sphere is in equilibrium when displaced from the vertical by an angle of 45.

Which one of the following best represents the free body diagram for the sphere? A. B.

C.

D.

2.

An object of mass M is suspended from a spring. The extension of the spring is e. The same object is suspended from an identical spring on the Moon where the acceleration of free fall is less than that on Earth. Which of the following is correct? Mass of the object on Moon Extension of spring on Moon A. M e B. less than M less than e C. M less than e D. less than M e

3.

A constant force of magnitude F acts on a body. The graph shows the variation with time t of the momentum p of the body.
200 180 160 140 120 p/kg m s 1 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 t/s 6 7 8 9 10

The magnitude of the force F is A. 1000 N. B. 200 N. 4.

C. D.

20 N. 0.05 N.

Joe is standing on the surface of a frozen pond and he throws a ball horizontally. Considering Joe and the ball together, which one of the following correctly describes the change in the magnitude of the momentum and the change in the kinetic energy of Joe and the ball immediately after the ball is thrown? Magnitude of momentum of Joe and ball Kinetic energy of Joe and ball A. No change Increases B. Increases Increases C. No change No change D. Increases No change Two objects collide inelastically. For this system of two objects A. only momentum is conserved. B. only kinetic energy is conserved. C. both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved. D. neither momentum nor kinetic energy are conserved. A frictionless trolley of mass m moves down a slope with a constant acceleration a. A second similar frictionless trolley has mass 2m. The acceleration of the second trolley as it moves down the slope is C. 2a. 1 a. A. 2 D. 4a. B. a.

5.

6.

7.

A ball of mass 2.0 kg falls vertically and hits the ground with speed 7.0 ms1 as shown below.

7.0 ms 1 3.0 ms 1

before The ball leaves the ground with a vertical speed 3.0 ms . The magnitude of the change in momentum of the ball is A. zero. B. 8.0 Ns. 8.
1

after

C. D.

10 Ns. 20 Ns.

A stone of mass m is attached to a string and moves round in a horizontal circle of radius R at constant speed V. The work done by the pull of the string on the stone in one complete revolution is A. zero. 2mV 2 C. . B. R B.
2mV . R The graph below shows the variation with displacement d of the force F acting on a particle.

2mV2.

D.

9.

r 0 0 d max d

The area that represents the work done by the force between d = 0 and d = dmax is A. B. 10. s r. r. C. D. s. s + r.

The point of action of a constant force F is displaced a distance d. The angle between the force and the direction of the displacement is , as shown below.
F

d Which one of the following is the correct expression for the work done by the force? A. Fd C. Fd cos B. Fd sin D. Fd tan
3

11.

Water flows out from a tank down a pipe, as shown below. tank

water water flow pipe

12.

The pipe is always full of water. Which of the following gives the change in the kinetic energy and in the gravitational potential energy of the water as the water flows down the pipe? kinetic energy gravitational potential energy A. constant decreases B. constant increases C. increases decreases D. increases increases An elevator (lift) of mass m is raised vertically with constant speed v for a time t. The work done on the elevator during this time is A. mgv. mgv C. . B. t B. mgvt. mgt D. .

13.

An engine takes in an amount E of thermal energy and, as a result, does an amount W of useful work. An amount H of thermal energy is ejected. The law of conservation of energy and the efficiency of the engine are given by which of the following? A. B. C. D. Law of conservation of energy E=W+H E=W+H E+H=W E+H=W Efficiency W

W E W H

14.

W EH The centripetal force F acting on a particle of mass m that is travelling with linear speed v along the arc of a circle of radius r is given by
A. B. F=
v2 mr .

C. D.

F = mr2v. F=
mv 2 r .

F = mv2r.

15.

Two satellites of equal mass, S1 and S2, orbit the Earth. S1 is orbiting at a distance r from the Earths v centre at speed v. S2 orbits at a distance 2r from the Earths centre at speed . The ratio of the 2 centripetal force on S1 to the centripetal force on S2 is A. B.

1 . 8 1 . 4

C. D.

4. 8.

Additional HL questions
16. An amount Q of energy is supplied to a machine. The machine does useful work W and an amount R of energy is wasted, as illustrated below. energy supplied Q useful work W

machine

wasted energy R
Which one of the following is a correct expression for the efficiency of the machine? A. B.

W Q

C. D.

W Q W Q

R R

R Q

17.

Forces of magnitude F1 and F2 act tangentially on the edge of a wheel of circumference S. The wheel is made to complete one revolution about its centre, in the direction shown below.

F1

F2

Which one of the following is a correct expression for the work done on the wheel? A. F1 S B. C. D. 18. F2 S S S (F2 F1) (F2 + F1)

A general expression for Newtons second law of motion is

p t What condition is applied so that the law may be expressed in the form F = ma? A. The mass m is constant. B. The acceleration a is constant. C. The force F is constant. D. The direction of the force F is constant.
F=

19.

A block of mass M is held at rest on a horizontal table. A heavy chain is attached to the block with part of the chain hanging over the table. The block and the chain can slide without friction. block
table

chain

The block is released. Which one of the following graphs best represents the variation with time t of the speed v of the block as it moves on the table?
A. v B. v

0 0 t

0 0 t

C.

D.

0 0 t

0 0 t

20.

The variation with time of the vertical speed of a ball falling in air is shown below.

During the time from 0 to T, the ball gains kinetic energy and loses gravitational potential energy Ep. Which of the following statements is true? A. Ep is equal to the gain in kinetic energy. B. C. D. Ep is greater than the gain in kinetic energy. Ep is equal to the work done against air resistance. Ep is less than the work done against air resistance.