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Section 1
25 Time25 Minutes 24 Questions
Directions: For each question in this section, select the best answer from among the choices given and fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet.

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5 ThedownsizingofAmericancorporationsisprobably notan-------phase;itisbecomingapermanentfeature ofAmericancorporatemanagement. (A) arbitrary (B) anticipated (C) ephemeral (D) administrative (E) equivocal 6 Onetheorycontendsthatpatriarchyisnot-------partof humannature,butratheritisaculturalinstitutionthat dominatesinmostsocietiesbecauseofthepoliticaland socialforcesthat-------it. (A) acontinuous..trivialize (B) ananalogous..effect (C) aninherent..discourage (D) aninstinctive..promote (E) alearned..underwrite 7 Themoviestarsex-husband,increasinglybitter,wrote anintensely-------memoiraboutherthatwaswidely consideredabetrayaloftheiryearsof-------. (A) hateful..antipathy (B) laconic..estrangement (C) malicious..intimacy (D) adoring..affection (E) doting..antagonism 8 Atonetime,historiansspokeofancientGreeceas thoughitsculturalandscientificachievementswere wholly-------,whereasitisnowgenerallyrecognized thatatleastsomeGreekscienceandculturewas-------. (A) monolithic..homogeneous (B) original..derivative (C) primitive..simple (D) mistaken..dubious (E) successful..significant

Each sentence below has one or two blanks, and each blank indicates that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five words or sets of words labeled A through E. Choose the word or set of words that, when inserted in the sentence, best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole. EXAMPLE: Todays small, portable computers contrast markedly with the earliest electronic computers, which were -------. (C) useful (A) effective (B) invented (E) enormous (D) destructive
ANSWER:

1 Pollutioncausedbyminingandsmeltingleadfor electriccarbatteriesmay-------theenvironmental benefitsofferedbythecarsthemselves. (A) create (B) outweigh (C) reinforce (D) eliminate (E) overcome 2 ThediscoveryoftheDeadSeaScrollsinthe1940s quickly-------thepopularimagination,buttheprecise significanceofthescrollsisstill-------byscholars. (A) impressed..understood (B) alarmed..obscured (C) troubled..perceived (D) excited..disputed (E) eluded..debated 3 Thoughonemightexpectvolcaniceruptionstofollow nodiscernablepattern,closestudyhasshownthatthe eruptionsaresurprisingly-------. (A) incidental (B) endemic (C) spontaneous (D) unmediated (E) periodic 4 Sincethemid-eighteenthcentury,therehasbeenmuch -------betweentheculturesofFranceandGermany despitethefrequent-------betweenthosetwocountries. (A) communication..alliances (B) hatred..opposition (C) interaction..enmity (D) antagonism..misunderstandings (E) hostility..alienation

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Section 1

The passages below are followed by questions based on their content; questions following a pair of related passages may also be based on the relationship between the paired passages. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passages and in any introductory material that may be provided. Questions 910 are based on the following passage. Aretheymammalsorreptiles?Thiswasthe dilemmascientistsfacedwhentheytriedtoclassify threeanimalstheplatypus,theshort-nosedechidna, andthelong-nosedechidnathatarefoundonlyin AustraliaandNewGuinea.Scientistswereperplexed sincetheseanimalshavesometraitsincommonwith reptilesandsometraitsincommonwithmammals. Forexample,theylayeggslikereptiles,buttheynurse theiryoungwithmilkexcretedfromspecialglands, likemammals.Theireyestructureissimilartothatof reptiles,whiletheirearstructureislikeamammals. Intheend,scientists,understandingthattherewasno perfectsolutiontothepredicament,decidedtoclassify themasmammalsandtoplacethemintheirown orderMonotremata. Questions 1112 are based on the following passage. Rowancouldntbelievehisluck.Hehadproposedto MissAshleyandshehadaccepted. Shewassuchareservedlittlepersonthathewasnt surethatshewould.Tobesure,theyhadbeenstepping outforthepastyear,buttheirconversationshadbeen ratherone-sided.Hewouldrecounthisdayorexplain howhissuperiorscouldbetterruntheirbusiness.She wouldnodandsmile,offerawordofencouragement here,askforclarificationthere.Really,shewasperfect. Herfather,whenRowanaskedforMissAshleyshand, wasreluctant,butwhenRowanhintedthat,afterall, MissAshleywasalmostthirtyandtherewouldntbe manymoreoffers,MajorAshleyconsented.Nowbegan thelongperiodofengagement.

Line (5)

Line (5)

(10)

(10)

(15)

9 Theopeningsentence(Arethey...reptiles?)serves primarilyas (A) asummaryoftheinformationintheparagraph (B) anindicationthatthequestionisultimately unanswerable (C) achallengetoprevailingscientificopinion (D) anintroductionoftheparagraphstopic (E) anattempttorebutcriticism 10 Inlines1011,theauthormostlikelydiscussestheeye andearstructureoftheanimalsinquestioninorderto (A) provideanin-depthdiscussionoftheiranatomy (B) demonstratethattheanimalsaremorelike mammalsthanreptiles (C) justifythefoundationoftheMonotremataorder (D) illustratethattheanimalscannotbeeasily classified (E) questionthewisdomofthescientistseventual decision

11 Inthecontextofthepassage,steppingoutforthe pastyear(line5)mostlikelymeansthatRowanand MissAshley (A) spentalltheirtimetogethertakingwalks (B) wereplanningtobemarriedinayear (C) enjoyedthesportofhiking (D) hadbeendatingforayear (E) waitedtoolongtogetengaged 12 Thesentenceinline9(Really...perfect)indicates thatRowanmostlikelypreferredwomenwho (A) listenedtohimratherthanspeakingthemselves (B) werealmostthirtyyearsold (C) enjoyedwalkingwithhim (D) discussedbusinesswithhim (E) sharedhisdreams

2006 info 7

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Section 1
Questions 1324 are based on the following passages. The concept of psychosomatic healing is that the mind can heal illnesses typically believed to be curable only through traditional medicine. In Passage 1, the author describes an encounter with a doctor who believes in psychosomatic healing; in Passage 2, the author describes her personal experiences with psychosomatic phenomena. Passage 1 Ireturnedforafollow-upexamination.Thedoctor askedmehowIwasfeeling.ItoldhimthatIcouldnt rememberfeelingsorobust.Henoddedandsmiled thinly.Iwassomewhatdisappointed,expectinghim tocelebratemyreturntohealthmoreenthusiastically. Athoughtshotthroughmyhead.Imalmostout oftheprescriptionyougaveme,andIcantfindit anywhere,onlineorwherever.Hebeganlookingat hiscabinet,andretrievedabottlebeforehesitating. So,thepillsworked?Heasked.Absolutely,Isaid. IjusthopeImnotbecomingdependent.Illfillout anotherprescriptionforyou,hesaid.Butyouneed tobeawarethatwhatyouhavebeentakingforfive weeksweresugarpills.Youhaveyourpsychosomatic responsestothank,notme. Thedoctorwentintoafewanecdotes.Hetalked aboutpeoplerecoveringfromcancerandother potentiallyfataldiseaseswithoutanyactualmedical treatment.HealsoaskedmeifIhadeverlookedup thesymptomsofacertaindiseaseanddirectlyfelt sick,fearingexposuretothatparticularmalady.I admittedtothis;myinitialvisitwasaresultoffearing IhadcontractedLymedisease1,andmyworrywas promptedbyperusingalistofthesymptoms.Its thesamephenomenon,reversed,hesaid.Thenhe talkedtomeaboutmybloodtests,askingmetopay attentiontomyreactions.Aftertellingmeaboutmy highironlevels,Ifeltenergized;myslightlylowwhite bloodcellcountmademefeelshortofbreath.Each explanationgeneratedanappropriatevisceralresponse. Thisalsomayhavehadsomethingtodowithhowthe doctorsmannerofspeakingmadehimseemextremely reputable. Afterreturninghome,mycategoricaltrusthad wanedabit.Thedoctorsexplanationexasperatedmy wife,andsheremindedmeofhowIhadchangedmy dietandexercisedmoreinthetimebetweenvisits.As Ithoughtaboutthis,Icouldnotdenythatmylifestyle hadbeenmorehealth-consciousinthepreviousfive weeksthaniteverhadbeeninthepast.Thefactthat mystaminahadgreatlyincreasedwhenjoggingor
(45)

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walkingupstairsallowsforlittleexplanationother thanmyrecentdedicationtoconsistentexercise.This stilldidntaccountformyreactionstothedoctors results;ifthatwasaminorexampleofpsychosomatic phenomena,amajorincidencecouldmanifestitselfin almostanyway. Passage 2 IhealbestwhenIamabletoharnessmy psychosomaticpower.Afewyearsago,Icontracted strepthroat2threedaysbeforetakingatripabroad. Iwasgivenantibioticsandtoldtorestandpostpone mytripbecausetherewasnowayIwouldbebetterin underaweek.Itwastoolatetochangemyschedule, soinabjectmisery,Icompletedthecountlesserrands neededpriortothetrip,knowingthatIneededtoget betterbythethirdday.Iawokethescheduleddayof thetripfeelingverygoodindeed,andintherushforgot myantibiotics.Theexcursionwentoffwithoutahitch, andIarrivedhomefeelingrejuvenatedwithoutany furthermedicaltreatment. Inrelayingthisaccount,certainpeoplearesurethat therushofadrenalinewasresponsible,otherssuggest thatImustsimplyhaveanunusuallystrongimmune system.Itwouldberashtodeclaretheseexplanations bunk,asbothcouldhavecontributed,butcountless otherexplanationswouldbeneededtoexplainsimilar happeningsthroughoutmylife. Intruth,Ihavecometorelyonmymentalstateto ensuremyrecoveryfromillness.Iloathetakingdrugs tomitigateillness;thesideeffectsareoftenworsethan theoriginalsymptoms.Ifailtoseethelogicin weakeningperfectlyfunctionalsystemswithinthe bodyinordertopossiblyeasethesymptomsinone problematicarea. Whenhealingpsychosomatically,thereisnosuch disadvantage.Therecoveryprocessisaidedbyaction andpositivethinking,ratherthandrug-inducedlanguor. Itslikeresolvingtrafficcongestioninacity:focuson allroadsinthearearunningproperly,andtheroadin questionwilleventuallyresolveitself.Thealternative isclosertoforcingadetour,andcausingcongestionon adifferentroad.Healingcomesnaturally;themindcan workwithphysiologicalsystemstoresolveproblems, sincethebodyismadetohealitselfinthefirstplace. Onecanbesick,butfocusedonbecomingwell; eventuallythefocussomehowcommandsthebody. Withoutfanfareorside-effects,thebodybecomes healthy,conclusivelyandnaturally.
1aviruscontractedthroughthebiteofcertainticks 2anillnesscausedbyexposuretostreptococcusbacteria

(50)

Line (5)

(55)

(10)

(60)

(15)

(65)

(20)

(70)

(25)

(75)

(30)

(80)

(35)

(85)

(40)

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Section 1
13 Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestcomparesthe twopassages? (A) Passage1andPassage2bothseepsychosomatic healingasthebestformofmedicine. (B) Passage1detailsanoccurrence,whilePassage2 describesapracticedbehavior. (C) Passage1rejectsatheoryoutright,whilePassage2 mildlyendorsesthesametheory. (D) Passage1isambivalentaboutapossible explanationforaphenomenon,whilePassage2 iscriticalwithoutprovidingaconclusiveopinion. (E) Passage1relaysapersonalanecdote,while Passage2gathersempiricalevidencefrom outsidesources. 14 Inline20,directlymostnearlymeans (A) possibly (B) immediately (C) severely (D) implicitly (E) dilatorily 15 Theattitudeoftheauthorswife(lines3537)most closelyresemblesthatofa (A) sycophant (B) cynic (C) charlatan (D) corroborator (E) misanthrope 16 Lines3740(AsIinthepast)suggestthatthe authorwouldagreemorefullywiththedoctorif (A) thedoctorseemedmoretrustworthy (B) thepillshadactuallybeenanexperimentaldrug (C) hehadexercisedmorebutmaintainedaless healthydiet (D) hishabitsremainedthesameastheyhadbeen beforehisfirstvisitandhishealthhadstill improveddrastically (E) thepillshadbeenlesseffective,andhehadbeen influencedtoseekmorealternativemeansof healing 17 Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor ofPassage1sattituderegardingthepowersof psychosomatichealing? (A) Moderatelydistasteful (B) Primarilyapathetic (C) Derisivelyentertained (D) Cautiouslyoptimistic (E) Overwhelminglyexasperated

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18 Thedecisiontocompletecountlesserrands(line54) ismostsignificanttotheauthorspointbecauseit (A) wentagainstthedoctorsrecommendationsfor whatwouldhelptheauthorsailment (B) demonstratedtheauthorsloveoftravel (C) wouldbeconsideredabaddecisionbythosewho supportantibiotictherapy (D) gavetheauthorarushofadrenalin (E) endedupexacerbatingtheauthorsillness 19 Byusingthephrasesweakeningperfectlyfunctional systemsandpossiblyeasethesymptoms (lines7273),theauthorassertstheopinionthat (A) psychosomatichealingdoeshaveapotential downside (B) thedosagelevelofprescriptiondrugsisoftenfar toohigh (C) prescriptiondrugsareunpleasantbutnecessary (D) prescriptiondrugtreatmentleavesmuchtobe desired (E) prescriptiondrugsoftencausepermanentbodily damage 20 Whichofthefollowingpossibilitieswouldbethebest rebuttaltoclaimsthatAuthor2sabilitytohealisdueto astrongimmunesystem? (A) Theauthorwasnotoftensickgrowingup. (B) Theauthorhadcontractedstrepthroatoncepriorto thetimeinquestionandwasbedriddenforclose toamonth. (C) Thedoctorwhomadethestrepthroatdiagnosis specializedinafieldoutsideofthroathealth. (D) Theairinthecountrytraveledtowasfarmore pollutedthanthatoftheauthorscountry. (E) Theantibioticstheauthorwasgivenwouldonlybe helpfuliftheentireprescriptionwasconsumed.

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Section 1
21 TheincidentdetailedbytheauthorofPassage2is mostconsistentwithwhichofthefollowingstatements regardingpsychosomatichealing? (A) Psychosomatichealingworksbestincombination withtraditionalmedicine. (B) Psychosomatichealingshouldbeattemptedwhen traditionalmedicinehasfailed. (C) Psychosomatichealingoperateswithdifferent constraintsandyieldsdifferentresultsthan traditionalmedicine. (D) Psychosomatichealingislimitedbytheimmune systemofthepersonpracticingit. (E) Psychosomatichealingismoresimilartotraditional medicinethanmanywouldsuspect. 22 Theauthorsofbothpassageswouldbemostinclinedto agreewithwhichofthefollowingstatements? (A) Psychosomatichealingisthemostefficientformof medicine. (B) Psychosomatichealingusuallycanbeattributedto anoutsidesource. (C) Psychosomatichealinghasbeenproventobereal andpracticable. (D) Psychosomatichealingispromising,butdifficultto fullyexplain. (E) Psychosomatichealingwouldbepracticedfarmore ifitwereslanderedlessfrequently.

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23 Onemajordifferencebetweentheauthorsisthatthe authorofPassage2 (A) activelypursuesthepracticeofpsychosomatic healing,whiletheauthorofPassage1passively experiencedit (B) isnewtotheconceptofpsychosomatichealing, whiletheauthorofPassage1hashadaformal andcompleteintroduction (C) approachespsychosomatichealingwithcautious respect,whiletheauthorofPassage1ismore enthusiastic (D) hasdifficultyexplainingthephenomenaof psychosomatichealing,whiletheauthorof Passage1hasreducedthecausestoseveral narrowpossibilities (E) feelsthatpsychosomatichealingshouldbe universallypracticed,whiletheauthorofPassage1 seesitashavinglimitedapplication 24 Whichtwoindividualswouldprobablyagreeregarding theirviewofpsychosomatichealing? (A) ThedoctorinPassage1andthedoctorinPassage2 (B) ThewifeinPassage1andtheauthorofPassage2 (C) TheauthorofPassage1andoneofthecertain peopleinPassage2(line61) (D) ThewifeinPassage1andoneofthecertain peopleinPassage2(line61) (E) ThedoctorinPassage1andoneofthecertain peopleinPassage2(line61)

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