Subgroup A - Appendix B

Appendix B of the Subgroup A report
Failure mode design equations and related partial safety factors.

J. Dalsgaard Sørensen and H. F. Burcharth
For explanation and derivation of the safety factors see the subgroup D report.
Table B1. Partial safety factors for sliding failure of vertical wall caissons.
Design equation
1 ˆ
G = G ( γ H Hˆ ST L , ρˆ c , Uˆ Hor . Force , Uˆ Ver . Force , ξˆ , f , B)
γZ
1 ˆ ˆ
= ( FˆG − Uˆ Ver. Force FÛ ) f − U Hor . Force FˆH
γZ
In calculation of FÛ and F̂H apply as wave height γ H Ĥ STL .

Deep water. Design without model tests. Deep water. Wave load determined by model tests.
σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2 σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

Pf γH γZ γH γZ Pf γH γZ γH γZ
0.01 1.4 1.7 1.5 1.7 0.01 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.5
0.05 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 0.05 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.4
0.10 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.3 0.10 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2
0.20 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 0.20 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2
0.40 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.40 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.0
Shallow water. Design without model tests. Shallow water. Wave load determined by model tests.

0.01 1.3 1.9 1.4 1.9 0.01 1.2 1.6 1.3 1.6
0.05 1.2 1.6 1.3 1.6 0.05 1.1 1.5 1.2 1.5
0.10 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.4 0.10 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.3
0.20 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.3 0.20 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2
0.40 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.2 0.40 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1
Ĥ STL significant wave height with return period TL

TL structure lifetime
B width of caisson
Uˆ Hor. Force 0.90, bias factor to be applied to the Goda horizontal wave force
Uˆ Ver. Force 0.77, bias factor to be applied to the Goda vertical wave force
Uˆ Hor. Moment 0.81, bias factor to be applied to the moment from the Goda horizontal wave
forces around the shoreward heel of the base plate
Uˆ Ver. Moment 0.72, bias factor to be applied to the moment from the Goda vertical wave
ρc mass density of caisson
FG buoyancy reduced weight of caisson
FH horizontal wave force calculated by the Goda Formula
FU wave induced uplift force calculated by the Goda formula
f friction coefficient
B1
Table B2. Partial safety factors for overturning failure of vertical wall caissons.
Design equation
G = G ( γ H Hˆ STL , ρˆ c ,Uˆ Hor . Moment ,Uˆ Ver . Moment , ξˆ , B )
= ( Mˆ G − Uˆ Ver. Moment M U ) − Uˆ Hor . Moment M H
In calculation of Mˆ U and M̂ H apply as wave height γ H Ĥ STL .
Design without model tests. Wave load determined by model tests.

Pf γH γH Pf γH γH
0.01 - - 0.01 2.1 2.3
0.05 2.7 - 0.05 1.7 1.9
0.10 2.0 2.5 0.10 1.4 1.6
0.20 1.6 1.7 0.20 1.3 1.4
0.40 1.2 1.2 0.40 1.1 1.2

B width of caisson
MG moment of FG around heel of caisson
MH moment of FH around heel of caisson
MU moment of FU around heel of caisson
FG buoyancy reduced weight of caisson
FH horizontal wave force calculated by the Goda Formula
FU Wave induced uplift force calculated by the Goda formula
B1
Table B3. Partial safety factors for foundation failure of vertical wall caissons – Sand subsoil.
Design equation parameters
G = G ( γ H Hˆ STL , ρˆ c ,Uˆ Hor . Force ,Uˆ Ver . Force ,Uˆ Hor . Moment ,Uˆ Ver . Moment ,
1 1
ζˆ , tân ϕ d1 , tân ϕ d 2 , B )
γZ γZ
Design equations are presented in Appendix A of the Subgroup A report

Deep water. Design without model tests. Deep water. Wave load determined by model
γZ is used for both rubble mound and tests. γZ is used for both rubble mound and
sand subsoil. sand subsoil.

0.01 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 0.01 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.2
0.05 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 0.05 1.3 1.1 1.4 1.1
0.10 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.10 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.1
0.20 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 0.20 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
0.40 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 0.40 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0
Shallow water. Design without model tests. Shallow water. Wave load determined by model
γZ is used for both rubble mound and tests. γZ is used for both rubble mound and
sand subsoil. sand subsoil.

0.01 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.4 0.01 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.2
0.05 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.05 1.3 1.1 1.4 1.1
0.10 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.10 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.1
0.20 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 0.20 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
0.40 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 0.40 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0

B width of caisson
Uˆ Ver . Force 0.77, bias factor to be applied to the Goda vertical wave force
sin ϕ' cos ψ
ϕd
1 − sin ϕ' sin ψ
ϕ' effective friction angle of friction material (sand or rubble stone)
ψ dilation angle of friction material (sand or rubble stone)
B2
Table B4. Partial safety factors for foundation failure of vertical wall caissons –Clay subsoil.
Design equation parameters
G = G( γ H Hˆ ST L , ρˆ c , Uˆ Hor . Force , Uˆ Ver . Force , Uˆ Hor . Moment , Uˆ Ver . Moment ,
1 1
ζˆ , tâ n ϕ d 1 , cˆ u , B )
γZ γc
Design equations are presented in Appendix A of the Subgroup A report
Deep water. Design without model tests. γZ is used for rubble mound and γc for clay subsoil.
σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

Pf γH γZ γC γH γZ γC
0.01 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.6
0.05 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.5
0.10 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.5
0.20 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.0 1.3 1.5
0.40 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.2
Deep water. Wave load determined by model tests. γZ is used for rubble mound and γc for clay subsoil.
σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

0.01 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.3 15. 1.6
0.05 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.5
0.10 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.1 1.3 1.4
0.20 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.3
0.40 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1
Shallow water. Design without model tests. γZ is used for rubble mound and γc for clay subsoil.
σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

0.01 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.5 1.6
0.05 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.2 1.4 1.5
0.10 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3
0.20 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.3
0.40 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Shallow water. Wave load determined by model tests. γZ is used for rubble mound and γc for clay subsoil.
σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

0.01 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.4
0.05 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.4
0.10 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.3
0.20 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.2
0.40 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0
B3
Ĥ STL significant wave height with return period T
B width of caisson
Uˆ Hor . Moment 0.81, bias factor to be applied to the moment from the Goda horizontal wave
Uˆ Ver . Moment 0.72, bias factor to be applied to the moment from the Goda vertical wave
sin ϕ' cos ψ
ϕd
1 − sin ϕ' sin ψ
ϕ' effective friction angle of friction material (sand or rubble stone)

ψ dilation angle of friction material (sand or rubble stone)
cu undrained shear strength of clay
B4
Table B5. Partial safety factors for toe-berm rock armour failure in front of vertical wall caissons (Madrigal
and Valdés 1995). Design without model tests.
Design equation
1 ˆ ˆ hˆ
G= ∆ Dn 50 (5.8 b − 0.60) N od0.19 − γ H Hˆ STL
γZ hˆs
Deep water. Shallow water.

0.01 1.6 1.3 1.7 1.3 0.01 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5
0.05 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.2 0.05 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3
0.10 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.2 0.10 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2
0.20 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.1 0.20 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2
0.40 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.40 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.0
xˆ mean values of x
Dn50 equivalent cube side length of medium rock size
H sTL significant wave height with return period TL equal to structure lifetime
hb water depth on top of toe berm
hs water depth in front of toe berm
Nod number of displaced units within a strip of width Dn
Table B6. Partial safety factors for scour at circular vertical wall roundheads (Sumer and Fredsøe 1997).
Design without model tests.
Design equation
1 Sˆ
− 0.5(1 − exp( −0.175( Kˆ C ( γ H Hˆ S L ) − 1)))
T
G=
γZ Bˆ
where
U mT p
KC =
B
In calculation of Um apply as wave height γ H Ĥ STL .
Deep and shallow water.
σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

Pf γH γZ γH γZ
0.01 2.0 2.4 2.0 2.4
0.05 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
0.10 2.0 1.8 2.0 1.8
0.20 2.0 1.5 2.0 1.5
0.40 2.0 1.2 2.0 1.2
x̂ mean values of x
B diameter of vertical wall roundhead
S scour depth
Tp wave peak period
Um max wave generated velocity of water particles at the undisturbed sea bed
B5
Table B7. Partial safety factors for hydraulic stability failure of Dolosse (Burcharth and Liu 1992). Design
without model tests.
Design equation
1 ˆ ˆ
G= ∆ Dn ( 47 − 72rˆ)ϕˆ Dˆ 1 / 3 Nˆ Z−0.1 − γ H Hˆ STL
γZ
σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

Pf γH γZ γH γZ
0.01 2.1 1.08 2.4 1.02
0.05 1.7 1.00 1.7 1.08
0.10 1.5 1.00 1.6 1.00
0.20 1.3 1.00 1.3 1.04
0.40 1.0 1.10 1.1 1.02
Dn equivalent cube side length of armour unit = (Volume)1/3
D relative number of units displaced
Nz number of waves
φ packing density
∆ ρs/ρw – 1
ρs mass density of armour units
ρw mass density of water
Table B8. Partial safety factors for hydraulic stability failure of Tetrapods (Van der Meer 1988). Design
without model tests.
Design equation
1 Nˆ 0.5 − 0.1 ˆ ˆ
G= (3.75 0od.25 + 0.85) sôm ∆Dn − γ H Hˆ STL
γZ ˆ
Nz
σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

Pf γH γZ γH γZ
0.01 1.7 1.02 1.9 1.04
0.05 1.4 1.06 1.5 1.08
0.10 1.3 1.04 1.4 1.04
0.20 1.2 1.02 1.3 1.00
0.40 1.0 1.08 1.1 1.00
Dn equivalent cube side length of armour unit = (Volume)1/3
Nz number of waves
Nod number of displaced units within a strip of width Dn
som wave steepness, Hs/Lom
∆ ρs/ρw – 1
ρs mass density of armour units
ρw mass density of water
B6
Table B9. Partial safety factors for trunk Dolos breakage (Burcharth et al 1995). Design without model
tests.
Design equation
1
G= B − C 0 Mˆ C1 Sˆ C2 ( γ H Hˆ STL ) C3
γZ
σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2 Dolos C0 C1 C2 C3

Pf γH γZ γH γZ waist
0.01 1.9 1.00 2.1 1.00 ratio
0.05 1.5 1.04 1.6 1.10 0.325 0.00973 -0.749 -2.584 4.143
0.10 1.4 1.00 1.5 1.00 0.37 0.00546 -0.782 -1.221 3.147
0.20 1.2 1.10 1.3 1.00 0.42 0.01306 -0.507 -1.743 2.871
0.40 1.1 1.00 1.1 1.02
B relative number of broken units
M mass of unit in ton
S concrete tensile strength in M Pa
Table B10. Partial safety factors for trunk Tetrapod breakage (Burcharth et al 1995). Design without model
tests.
Design equation
1
G= B − 3.3910 −3 Mˆ −0.79 Sˆ −2.73 ( γ H Hˆ STL ) 3.84
γZ
σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

Pf γH γZ γH γZ
0.01 1.9 1.10 2.1 1.06
0.05 1.6 1.00 1.7 1.00
0.10 1.4 1.04 1.5 1.04
0.20 1.2 1.10 1.3 1.06
0.40 1.1 1.00 1.1 1.04
B relative number of broken units
M mass of unit in ton
S concrete tensile strength in M Pa
B7
B8

Subgroup A - Appendix B

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Subgroup A - Appendix B

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Appendix B of the Subgroup A report

Failure mode design equations and related partial safety factors.

In calculation of FˆU and F̂H apply as wave height γ H Ĥ STL .

σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2 σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2 σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

Ĥ STL significant wave height with return period TL

G = G ( γ H Hˆ STL , ρˆ c ,Uˆ Hor . Moment ,Uˆ Ver . Moment , ξˆ , B )

= ( Mˆ G − Uˆ Ver. Moment M U ) − Uˆ Hor . Moment M H

In calculation of Mˆ U and M̂ H apply as wave height γ H Ĥ STL .

Design without model tests. Wave load determined by model tests.

σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2 σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

Ĥ STL significant wave height with return period TL

Design equation parameters

Design equations are presented in Appendix A of the Subgroup A report

σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2 σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2 σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

Ĥ STL significant wave height with return period TL

ψ dilation angle of friction material (sand or rubble stone)

ρc mass density of caisson

Design equation parameters

G = G( γ H Hˆ ST L , ρˆ c , Uˆ Hor . Force , Uˆ Ver . Force , Uˆ Hor . Moment , Uˆ Ver . Moment ,

Design equations are presented in Appendix A of the Subgroup A report

σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

ϕ' effective friction angle of friction material (sand or rubble stone)

σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2 σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

Deep and shallow water.

σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2 Dolos C0 C1 C2 C3

σ ' FH S = 0.05 σ ' FH S = 0.2

You might also like