1

Ex. No:1 Date Aim:

OPEN CIRCUIT AND LOAD CHARACTERISTICS OF : SEPARATELY EXCITIED DC GENERATOR

1. To draw open circuit characteristics of the given separately excited DC generator at rated speed and determine the critical resistance. 2. To determine load characteristics (Internal & External) of the given DC separately excited generator. Apparatus required: Sl.No. 1 2 3 4 5 Name Voltmeter Ammeter Rheostat Tachometer Connecting wires Range (0-300V) (0-10A) (0-2A) 300/1.4 A (0-1500) rpm Type MC MC MC Wire wound Analog/Digital Quantity 1 1 1 2 1 Required

Formula:

Where, Rc Critical resistance Eg Incremental generated EMF (measured from the linear portion on the OCC) If Incremental field current (measured from the linear portion on the OCC).

Circuit Diagram:

+
220 Volts D.C Supply

Fuse
15 A

3-Point Starter
L F A

(0-10 A) MC
A

Fuse 10 A

F1
300 / 1.4 A

A1 F2

DPST Switch Fuse

M
F2 A2

G
F1

(0-300 V) MC DPST Switch

Variable Resistive Load Fuse 10 A

KW________ RPM________ Volts________ Amps________

15 A

Motor Name Plate Details

+
220 Volts D.C Supply

Fuse

(0-2 A) MC

Generator Name Plate Details KVA________ RPM________ Volts________

15 A 300 / 1.4 A

DPST Switch Fuse

Amps________ Fuse Rating Calculation 125% of Rated Current

15 A

Motor = Generator =

O.C & Load Characteristics of DC Separately Excited Generator

Precaution: 1. The field rheostat on the motor side must be kept at minimum resistance position at the time of starting. 2. The field potentiometer on the generator side must be kept at minimum potential position at the time of starting. 3. DPST switches must be kept open at the time of power on. Procedure: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Connections are given as per the circuit diagram. Observing the precautions the motor side DPST switch is closed. The motor is started with the help of three- point DC starter slowly. The speed is measured with the help of a hand tachometer. If the speed is below the rated value, then it is brought to the rated value by adjusting the field rheostat. 6. With DPST switch on the generator field side open, the voltmeter reading is noted down. (This is the residual voltage at the rated speed at which the motor-generator set is running now.) 7. The DPST switch on the generator field side is closed. 8. By adjusting the potentiometer on the generator field side suitably for various increasing field currents, note down the terminal voltages till around 125% of the rated voltage. The speed is maintained constant throughout this process. 9. The generator terminal voltage is minimized to zero. 10.The speed is brought down to minimum value and the motor is switched off with the help of DPST switch. (Note the starter holding coil releasing the handle else bring it back to start position) Tabulation: Speed = _________rpm Residual voltage = ________ Volts S. No. If (amps) Eg (volts)

Model graph:

Eg
If

Eg

If

Load Characteristics: Precaution: 1. The field rheostat on the motor side must be kept at minimum resistance position at the time of starting. 2. The field potentiometer on the generator side must be kept at minimum potential position at the time of starting. 3. DPST switches must be kept open at the time of power on. 4. There should be no load at the time of starting. Procedure: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Connections are given as per the circuit diagram. Observing the precautions the motor side DPST switch is closed. The motor is started with the help of three- point DC starter slowly. The speed is measured with the help of a hand tachometer. If the speed is below the rated value, then it is brought to the rated value by adjusting the field rheostat. 6. By adjusting the potentiometer on the generator side the generator terminal voltage is brought to the rated value.

7. Load side DPST switch is closed. 8. The load is applied gradually. For various load currents voltmeter and ammeter readings are noted down till full current of the generator. (Avoid sustained overload.) 9. The load is brought back to initial no load position. 10.DPST switch on the load side is opened. 11.Generator field circuit potentiometer is brought to minimum potential position. 12. DPST switch on the generator field side is opened. 13. The speed is brought down to minimum value and the motor is switched off with the help of DPST switch. (Note the starter holding coil releasing the handle else bring it back to start position) 14. Disconnect and return the apparatus. Tabular column: Ra = _________ Ohms Load current IL(amps) Shunt Field current I sh (amps) Load voltage VL (volts) Armature current Ia = IL Generated voltage Eg = V + Ia Ra

Model graph:

V & Eg

Eg Vs Ia V Vs IL

I a & IL

Ia = IL + I sh

Amps Volts

Eg = V + Ia Ra

Ra Armaure resistance ohms Eg generated voltage V Terminal voltage volts volts

I sh Shunt field current Amps

Result: 1. The Open Circuit Characteristics of the given separately excited DC generator was obtained and the Critical resistance at rated speed is found to be ______ohms. 2. The Load Characteristics (Internal & External) of the given separately excited DC generator was obtained.

Ex. No: Date :

LOAD CHARACTERISTICS OF SELF EXCITIED DC SHUNTGENERATOR

Aim:
1. To determine load characteristics (Internal & External) of the given DC self excited

generator. Apparatus required: Sl. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 Formulae: Eg = V + Ia Ra Ia = IL + I sh Where, Ra Armature resistance Eg Generated voltage V Terminal Voltage I sh Shunt field current IL Load Current Name Voltmeter Ammeter Ammeter Rheostat Tachometer Connecting wires Range (0-300) V (0-10) A (0-2) A 300 / 1.4 A 100 / 4 A Type MC MC MC Wire wound Analog / Digital Required Quantity 1 1 1 Each 1

Circuit Diagram:

Fuse

3-Point Starter
L F A

(0-10 A) MC 100 /4A

A

Fuse 10 A

15 A

+
220 Volts D.C Supply

DPST Switch Fuse

300 / 1.4 A

F1

A1

A1
f1 (0-300 V) MC
DPST Switch

M
A2 F2 A2

G
f2 (0-2 A) MC
A

Variable Resistive Load

Fuse 10 A

15 A

Motor Name Plate Details KW________ RPM________ Volts________ Amps________

Fuse Rating Calculation 125% of Rated Current Motor =

Generator Name Plate Details KVA________ RPM________ Volts________ Amps________

Generator = O.C & Load Characteristics of DC Shunt Generator

Precaution: The field rheostat on the motor side must be kept at minimum resistance position at the time of starting. The field rheostat on the generator side must be kept at maximum resistance position at the time of starting. DPST switches must be kept open at the time of power on. There should be no load at the time of starting. Procedure: Connections are given as per the circuit diagram. Observing the precautions the motor side DPST switch is closed. The motor is started with the help of three- point DC starter slowly. The speed is measured with the help of a hand tachometer. If the speed is below the rated value, then it is brought to the rated value by adjusting the motor field rheostat. By adjusting the field rheostat on the generator side the generator terminal voltage is brought to the rated value. Load side DPST switch is closed. The load is applied gradually. For various load currents voltmeter and ammeter readings are noted down till full current of the generator. (Avoid sustained overload.) The load is brought back to initial no load position. DPST switch on the load side is opened. Generator field circuit rheostat is brought to maximum resistance position. DPST switch on the generator field side is opened. The speed is brought down to minimum value and the motor is switched off (Note the starter holding coil releasing the handle else bring it back to start position)

10

Tabular column: Ra = ________ Ohms S. No. IL(amps) I sh (amps) V(volts) Ia = IL + I sh (amps) Eg = V + Ia Ra

Model graph:

VL & Eg

Eg Vs Ia VL Vs IL

I a & IL

Result:

11

Thus the Load Characteristics (Internal & External) of the given self-excited DC shunt generator was obtained.

12

Ex. No: Date : Aim:

LOAD TEST ON DC SHUNT MOTOR

To perform load test on the given D.C shunt motor and to obtain the performance characteristics. Apparatus Required: Sl.No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Name of the apparatus Ammeter Voltmeter Tachometer Rheostat Connecting wires Range (0-2) A (0-20) A (0-300) V (0-1500) rpm 300/1.4 A Type MC MC Analog/Digita l Wire wound Quantity Each 1 1 1 1 Required

Formulae: IL = Ia + I sh Input power = V x IL (Watts) Torque (T) = (S 1 ~ S 2) x 9.81 x R (Nm) Output power Efficiency = = 2 NT 60 Output power Input power Ia - Armature current (Amps) IL - Load Current (Amps) I sh Shunt field current (Amps) V Supply voltage (Volts) x 100 (Watts) S 1, S 2 spring balance readings (Kg) N speed of the motor in rpm

R Radius of the brake drum = Circumference / 2 (m).

13

Circuit Diagram:
Spring Balance

Fuse

(0-20 A) MC 3-Point Starter

A

S1

S2

15 A

220 Volts D.C Supply

+ -

DPST Switch Fuse

300 / 1.4 A
V

F1

A1

(0-300 V) MC (0-2 A) MC
A

M
F2

A2

Brake Drum

15 A Motor Name Plate Details KW________ RPM________ Volts________ Fuse Rating Calculation 125% of Rated Current Motor =

Load Test on DC Shunt Motor

Amps________

14

Tabular column: Input Sl. voltage No (Volts) (V) Load Current (Amps) (IL) Field Current (Amps) (Ish) Armature Current (Amps) (Ia = IL - Ish ) Speed (N) (rpm) Spring Balance Readings S1 S2 (S1~ S2) kg kg kg Torque Input Output Efficiency (T) Power Power (%) (Nm) (Watts) (Watts)

15

Model Graph: ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS PERFORMANCE CHARS

1 Speed (N) (rpm) 2

Torque (T) (Nm)

Speed (N) % Efficiency () Torque (T) Arm. Current (Ia)

3 4

Arm. Current (Ia) in Amps

Torque (Nm)

Output power in watts 1 Output Vs Speed 2 Output Vs % Efficiency 3 - Output Vs Torque 4 Output Vs Armature Current

16

Precautions: 1. The motor field rheostat must be kept at minimum resistance position at the time of starting. 2. There should be no load at the time of starting. Procedure: Make the connections as per the circuit diagram Switch on the supply and move the starter handle slowly and gradually to start the motor Now observe the speed. If the speed is less than the rated speed adjust the field rheostat and bring the speed to rated value. Readings are taken for no load. Load on the motor is varied with the help of pony brake arrangement. Spring balance, ammeter, voltmeter and speed-readings are noted down for various line currents as the load is increased (till the rated current is reached). Pour water in the brake drum to avoid over heating. Unload the machine and bring back the rheostat to minimum position. Switch off the supply Result: Thus the load test on the given DC Shunt motor was conducted and its performance characteristics were drawn.

17

Ex. No: Date : Aim:

LOAD TEST ON DC SERIES MOTOR

To perform load test on the given D.C shunt motor and to obtain the performance characteristics. Apparatus Required:

Sl.No Name of the apparatus 1. Ammeter 2. 3. 4. Volt meter Tachometer Connecting wires

Range (0-20) A (0-300) V (0-1500) rpm

Type MC MC Analog/Digita l

Quantity 1 1 1 Required

Formulae: IL = Ia = ISe Input power = V x IL (Watts) Torque (T) = ( S 1 ~ S 2 ) x 9.81 x R (Nm) Output power Efficiency = = 2 NT 60 Output power Input power Ia - Armature current (Amps) IL - Load Current (Amps) I se Series field current (Amps) V Supply voltage (Volts) x 100 (Watts) S 1 , S 2 spring balance readings(Kg) N speed of the motor in rpm

R Radius of the brake drum = Circumference / 2 (m)

18

Circuit Diagram:
Spring Balance

Fuse

(0-20 A) MC
A

S1 L A
2-Point Starter

S2 A1

S1

S2

15 A

220 Volts D.C Supply

+ -

DPST Switch Fuse

(0-300 V) MC

M
A2
Brake Drum

15 A Motor Name Plate Details KW________ RPM________ Volts________ Amps________ Fuse Rating Calculation 125% of Rated Current Motor =

Load Test On DC Series Motor

19

Tabular column:

Sl. No

Input voltage (Volts) (V)

Load Current (Amps) (IL = Ia)

speed (N) (rpm)

Spring Balance Readings S1 S2 (S1~ S2) kg kg kg

Torque Input Output Efficiency (T) Power Power (%) (Nm) (Watts) (Watts)

20

Model Graph: ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS PERFORMANCE CHARS

1 % Efficiency Speed Torque Arm. Current 2

Torque (T) (Nm)

Speed (N) rpm

4 Arm. Current (Ia) in Amps Torque (Nm) Output power in watts 1 Output Vs Armature Current 2 Output Vs Torque 3 Output Vs % Efficiency 4 Output Vs Speed

21

Precautions: 1. The motor should be started with some load. 2. Brake drum should be cooled throughout the experiment.

Procedure: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Connections are given as per the circuit diagram Observing the precautions the DPST switch is closed. The motor is started with the help of two-point dc starter slowly. Load on the motor is varied with the help of pony brake arrangement. Spring balance, ammeter, voltmeter and speed readings are noted down for

various line currents as the load is applied. Care must be taken to avoid the speed reaching dangerously high values while reducing the load. 6. 7. 8. Result: Thus the load test on the given DC Series motor was conducted and its performance characteristics were drawn. Pour water in the brake drum to avoid overheating. At a minimum safe load the DPST switch is opened. Disconnect and return the apparatus.

22

Ex. No: SPEED CONTROL OF DC SHUNT MOTOR Date : Aim: To vary the speed of the given dc shunt motor by the following methods. (i). Armature control method (below rated speed) (ii). Field control method (above rated speed) Apparatus Required: Sl. No Name of the apparatus 1. Ammeter 2. Volt meter 3. Tachometer 4. 5. Rheostat Connecting wires Range Type (0-2) A M.C (0-300) V M.C (0-1500) rpm Analog/Digital 300 / 1.4 A Wire wound 100 / 4 A Quantity 1 1 1 Each 1 Required

Precautions: 1. The field rheostat must be kept at minimum resistance position at the time of starting. 2. The armature rheostat must be kept at maximum resistance position at starting. the time of

23

Circuit Diagram:
Fuse 100 / 4 A 2A + 220 Volts D.C Supply 300 / 1.4 A F1

A1
V

DPST Switch Fuse

M
F2 (0-2.5 A) MC A A2

V (0-300 V) MC

2A Motor Name Plate Details KW________ RPM________ Volts ________ Amps________ Fuse Rating Calculation 10% of Rated Current Speed Control of DC Motor = Shunt Motor

Model Graph: (i) Armature Control method (ii) Field control method

Speed (Rpm) Armature voltage (volts)

Speed (Rpm) Field current (amps)

24

Tabulations: (i). Armature control method: Field current (If) = ______ Amps kept constant SL. No Armature voltage (Volts) Speed (rpm)

(ii) Field control method Armature voltage (Va) = ______ Volts kept constant SL. No Field current (Amps) Speed (rpm)

25

Procedure: (i). Armature control method: Make the connections as per the circuit diagram Switch on the supply Keep the field current constant and for different armature voltage (by varying armature rheostat) note down the corresponding speed. Bring back the rheostat to initial position and switch off the supply (ii). Field control method Switch on the supply Start the motor by closing the DPST switch Keep the armature voltage constant and for various field current (by varying field rheostat) note down the corresponding speed. Bring back the rheostat to initial position and switch off the supply

Result: Thus the speed of the given DC shunt motor is varied by both armature control and field control method and the graphs are plotted. The speed is directly proportional to the armature voltage by graph (i) and inversely proportional to the field current by graph (ii).

26

Ex. No: Date : Aim:

OC AND SC TEST OF SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMER

To perform open circuit and short circuit test on a single phase transformer and predetermine the efficiency at various loads and also draw the equivalent circuit. Apparatus Required:

Sl.No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5

Name of the apparatus Ammeter Volt meter Watt meter 1- Autotransformer Connecting wires

Range (0-2) A (0-5) A (0-150) V (0-30) V 150V, 2A, LPF 30V, 5A, UPF (0-270) V

Type MI MI Dynamo meter

Quantity Each 1 Each 1 Each 1 1 Required

Formulae: Transformer Ratings: 1 KVA, 220 V/ 110V, 50HZ V1 = 220 V & V2 = 110 V I 1 = 1000/220 = 4.55 A & I2 = 1000/110 = 9.09 A K = V2 / V1 = 110/220 = 0.5

From open circuit test:

27

In the open circuit test the primary is open circuited and the meters are connected on L.V side, which is secondary of the transformer. Thus O.C test will give us no load current, I01. (i.e referred to secondary) Since K = V2/V1, the corresponding no load primary current, I0 = I01 * K W0 = V1 I0 Cos Where, W0 = No load input power = core (or Iron) loss = Wi I0 - No load input current V1 - No load rated input voltage Cos - Power factor Cos 0 = W0 / V1 I0 I w = I0 Cos 0 A ( Iron loss component) I = I0 Sin
0

( watts)

A ( Magnetizing component)

R0 = V1 / I w (Resistance to represent core loss) X0 = V1 / I (Reactance to represent magnetizing component)

From short circuit test: In the Short circuit test the secondary is short circuited and the meters are on H.V side, which is primary of the transformer. Hence it gives parameters referred to primary. R01 = Wsc / Isc 2 Z01 = Vsc / Isc

X01 = Z012 - R012 I21 = I2 * K & I1 = I0 + I21 Where, R01 - Equivalent resistance of transformer referred to primary side

28

X01 - Equivalent reactance of transformer referred to primary side Z01 - Equivalent impedance of transformer referred to primary side Wsc Full load copper loss Isc Short Circuit Current Vsc Short circuit voltage corresponding to Isc

Equivalent Circuit Parameters referred to secondary side: R01 = R0 * K 2 X01 = X0 * K 2 R02 = R01 x K 2 X02 = X01 x K 2 Z02 = Z01 x K 2 I01 = No load current from O.C Test I w1 = V11 / R01 I 1 = V11 / X01 Where, V11 = V1 * K I11 = I01 + I2

Regulation = [ I2 R02 Cos + I2 X02 Sin / V2 ] X 100 + Ve for lagging Power factor - Ve for leading power factor (X * KVA * P.f) % Efficiency at various loads = [(X * KVA * P.f ) + (Wi + X 2 Wsc) ] X Load ratio x 100

29

Circuit Diagram:
150 V, 2A, LPF Fuse P 5A DPST Switch 230 V 1- 50 HZ AC Supply
(0-270 V) 1 Auto Trnsformer

(0-2 A) MI

M
A

L V
Wattmeter

110 V

220 V

(0-150 V) MI

Open Circuit

Fuse

5A Name Plate Details Single Phase Transformer KVA________ Voltage Ratio________ Auto Transformer Maximum Load = Maximum KVA = Input =

0V

0V

Fuse Rating Calculation 20 % of Rated Current (Max. Load of A.T )

Open Circuit Test on Single Phase Transformer

30

Circuit Diagram:
30 V, 5A, UPF Fuse P 5A DPST Switch 230 V 1- 50 HZ AC Supply
(0-270 V) 1 Auto Trnsformer

(0-5 A) MI

M
A

L V
Wattmeter

220 V

110 V

(0-30 V) MI

Short Circuit

Fuse

5A

0V

0V

Fuse Rating Calculation I sc = KVA / V =

Short Circuit Test on Single Phase Tranformer

31

Equivalent circuit referred to primary side:

R01 X01

I1 I0 IW V1 R0

I 21

I X0 V2 1

ZL

Equivalent circuit referred to secondary side:

I11 I01 IW1 V11 R01 I1 X01 V2 ZL I2 R02 X02

Model Graph: UPF %Reg. % 0.8 Leading P.F Lagging P.F

32

O/P Power (Watts) Tabulations: Open circuit test:

%Reg.

Sl. Vo Io Wo Wo x M.F No (Volts) (Amps) (Div) (Watts)

Short circuit test:

Sl. Vsc Isc Wsc No (Volts) (Amps) (Div)

Wsc x M.F (Watts)

33

Tabulation for determine the Efficiency: Load Sl. ratio No (X) 1 2 3 4

Output power (Watts) UPF 0.8

Wi Wcu (Watts) (Watts)

Input Power (Watts) UPF 0.8

% Efficiency UPF 0.8

1 Tabulation for determine the Regulation:

% Regulation Sl.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 Power Factor (Cos ) Leading 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Lagging

34

Precautions: Autotransformer must be kept at minimum potential point during starting condition. Procedure: Open circuit test: Make the connections as per the circuit diagram Switch on the supply and vary the autotransformer to get rated voltage Note down ammeter, voltmeter and wattmeter readings. Bring back the autotransformer to original position. Switch off the supply Short circuit test: Make the connections as per the circuit diagram Switch on the supply and vary the autotransformer to get rated short circuit current. Note down ammeter, voltmeter and wattmeter readings. Bring back the autotransformer to original position. Switch off the supply Result: Thus the open circuit and short circuit tests were performed on a single-phase transformer and the efficiency was predetermined at various loads.

35

Ex. No: Date : Aim:

LOAD TEST ON SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMER

To perform load test on a single phase transformer and determine its performance characteristics Apparatus Required:

Sl.no 1. 2. 3. 4. 5

Name of the apparatus Ammeter Volt meter Watt meter 1- Autotransformer Connecting wires

Range (0-5) A (0-10) A (0-150) V (0-300) V 150V, 5A, UPF 300V, 10 A, UPF (0-270) V

Type MI MI Dynamo meter

Quantity Each 1 Each 1 Each 1 1 Required

Formulae: Input power = W1 x M.F1 watts

Output power = W2 x M.F2 watts % Efficiency = Output power / Input power X 100 % Regulation = (E02 V2) / E02 x 100 E 02 - No load secondary voltage V 2 - Secondary voltage at various loads

36

M.F Multiplication factor W1, W2 - Wattmeter readings Multiplication factor (M.F) = V I cos No of divisions in the watt meter Precautions: Autotransformer must be kept at minimum potential point during starting condition. There should be no load at the time of starting the experiment Procedure: Make the connections as per the circuit diagram. Switch on the supply and vary the autotransformer to get rated primary voltage. Note down the no load readings. Add the load in steps and note down all the meter readings till the rated secondary current is reached. Remove the load and bring back the autotransformer to original position. Switch off the supply.

37

Circuit Diagram:
150 V, 5A, UPF Fuse P 15 A DPST Switch 230 V 1- 50 HZ AC Supply
(0-270 V) 1 Auto Trnsform er

300 V, 10A, UPF Fuse (0-10 A) MI A

(0-5 A) MI

M
A

L 110 V 220 V V
Wattmeter

M C
Wattmeter V (0-300 V) MI

L
10 A

V
DPST Switch Load

(0-150 V) MI

Fuse Fuse

15 A

0V

0V

10 A

Name Plate Details Fuse Rating Calculation Primary Side Power = Voltage = Current = Secondary Side Power = Voltage = Current = Primary Side: 125 % of Rated Current = Secondary Side: 125 % of Rated Current =

Load Test on Single Phase Tranformer

38

Tabulation:

Sl.

Primary Primary Voltage (Volts) (Amps)

Input Power
W1 W1 X M.F

Secondary Voltage (Volts)

Secondar

Output Power
W2 W2 X M.F

Efficiency Regulation % %

(Div)

(Watts)

(Amps)

(Div

(Watts)

39

Model Graph:

% Efficiency & % Regulation

% Vs Output Power % Reg. Vs Output Power

Output power in watts

Result: Thus the load test on a single-phase transformer was performed and its performance characteristics were determined and plotted.

40

Ex. No: Date : Aim:

SWINBURNES TEST
(No load Test)

To predetermine the efficiency of DC shunt machine at various load current while operating as a motor and generator and plot a graph output Vs % efficiency. Apparatus required: Sl. No. 1 2 3 4 5 Formula: Constant Losses WC = Input Power - No load Armature copper loss = VIo Iao2 X Ra Where, Iao = Io - If Ra = Armature resistance For motor: 1. Ia = IL If Amps 2. Armature copper loss = Ia2 Ra watts 2 3. Total loss WT = WC +Ia Ra watts 4. Input power = V IL watts 5. Output Power = Input Power Total Loss watts 6. Efficiency % m = [Output Power / Input Power ] X 100 No unit For Generator: 1. Ia = IL +If Amps 2. Armature copper loss = Ia2 Ra watts 3. Total loss WT = WC +Ia2 Ra watts 4. Output power = V IL watts 5. Input Power = Output Power + Total Loss watts 6. Efficiency % G = [Output Power / Input Power ] X 100 No unit Name Voltmeter Ammeter Rheostat Tachometer Connecting wires Range (0-300) V (0-2.5) A 300 / 1.4 A Type MC MC Wire wound Analog / Digital Quantity 1 2 1 1 Required

41

Circuit Diagram:
Fuse (0-2.5 A) 3-Point Starter MC A
L F A

2A + 220 Volts D.C Supply

A1 300 / 1.4 A (0-300 V) MC (0-2.5 A) MC A F1

DPST Switch Fuse

M
F2 A2

2A Motor Name Plate Details KW________ RPM________ Volts________ Amps________ Fuse Rating Calculation 10% of Rated Current Motor =

Swinburnes Test

Model graph:

Generator Motor

% Output (watts) Tabulation: Sl. No V (volts) I0 (amp) If (amp)

42

Motor: Ra = _______ Ohms Sl. No V IL (volts) (amp) Ia=IL-If (amp) Ia2Ra _(watts) WC _(watts) WT =WC+Ia2Ra _(watts) Input VIL _(watts) Output _(watts)

Generator: Ra = _______ Ohms Ia=IL+I

f

Sl. No

V (volts)

IL (amp)

(amp)

Ia Ra _(watts )

WC _(watts)

WT =WC+Ia2Ra _(watts)

Outpu t VIL _(watt s)

Input _(watts)

Precautions: 1. The motor field rheostat should be kept at minimum resistance position. Procedure:

43

1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram. 2. Observing the precaution the DPST switch is closed and the motor is started with the help of 3-point DC starter slowly. 3. The motor field rheostat is adjusted and the motor is brought to rated speed. 4. The voltmeter and ammeter readings are noted down 5. Field rheostat is brought back to minimum position 6. Disconnect and return the meters.

Result: The efficiency of the dc shunt machine was determined when it was running as a generator as well as a motor.