Heating & Ventilation for Pigs

Introdu
Introduction
A a leading manufacturer of As
Heating and Ventilation products to the pig sector, Hydor is driven by achieving a system design that is not only cost effective to the farmer, but enhances the pigs performance at the same time.

Introduction
Since Pigs are housed according to their age, the need to understand their precise heating and ventilation requirements is an important prerequisite of their environmental control.
Pigs require warmth, as well as a dry bed and protection from winter draughts and summer heat. Furthermore, there are minimum requirements for fresh air, space, and the hygienic conditions to ensure that the pigs accommodation through its growth cycle provide stable, defined air temperatures, thereby enabling growth of the animal, with feed utilisation being improved at the same time. Because of their sensitivity to temperature conditions at different stages of their growth cycle the right environment ensures pigs display stable behaviour. As social animals, this is an important facet to their ability to interact with other pigs in the group, as they tend to be kept in large numbers in one defined area.

uction
The need for a controlled environment
At Hydor we fully appreciate that farmers rearing their pigs within a building rely on the heating and ventilation equipment and system design to provide the precise comfort conditions for their pigs. The most important aspect when designing the heating and ventilation for the building is the performance and welfare of the pigs, thereby achieving the right balance between installation costs, reliability of product and the overall running costs. This brochure provides an insight into the comprehensive range of Hydor products available for pig farming applications. From farrowing through to finishing, Hydor provides the pig farmer with quality products and system design capabilities to ensure growth and animal welfare. Whether it be a refurbishment project, expansion or new build piggery accommodation, as one of the leading heating and ventilating manufacturers within the agricultural sector, Hydor is confident it can assist you with the design criteria specified, the right product selection and controls systems required. Hydor have been manufacturing fans, heaters and controls, whilst working closely with pig farmers in their system design approach for more than 40 years now. It is this experience that provides the knowledge, expertise and flexibility to develop bespoke products and customer confidence in our capabilities.

Typical Ins
Typical Installations Farrowing House
for pig buildings, with the classification of the system based on the air pressure of the enclosure relative to the outside pressure i.e. the fans blowing into the enclosure
The drawings outlined in this brochure are intended merely to illustrate some typical arrangements at those differering stages from farrowing to finishing. These arrangements show typical negative pressure systems, which operate below outdoor air pressure i.e. fans exhausting from the enclosure. It must be stressed however that there are many ways in which the design criteria could be met, and it should not be assumed that the examples illustrated are the only ones. It is important to understand that Hydor has more than 40 years experience in the development and design of agricultural ventilation and heating systems, ensuring our capabilities provide the precise environmental conditions required by pig farmers in terms of the temperature and air speeds throughout the pigs life cycle.

TThere are many approaches to mechanical ventilation system designs

VARC Controller

AGRI-JET ROOF MOUNTED

Roof Mounted Agri-Jet

HEOSS Pig Heater HE Propeller Fans

COLD AIR
HE PROPELLER FAN

COLD AIR WHEN REQUIRED

COLD AIR
HE PROPELLER FAN

HOT AIR

HEOSS PIG HEATERS

HOT AIR

CENTRAL PASSAGE
Figure 1.0

Farrowing House
With the piglets born in the Farrowing House, the new born piglets require extra heat, requiring a lot more warmth during the first few days in order to adjust to the weaner accommodation a critical part of their growth cycle. Equally important to understand is that heating for the sow and piglets should be considered separately when determining heating and ventilation as they require significantly different temperatures. Because the pigs growth is critical to its performance in the future, provision of the correct temperature in the Farrowing House is particularly important because of the pigs sensitivity at this stage.

Figure 1.0
This particular drawing depicts a Farrowing House with roof inlets and side extraction where the fans are mounted in the side walls of the building. Air is drawn through the inlet unit, though a slotted ceiling area into the cubicles when required for ventilation. When heating the units, air will be drawn through the slot in the passageway into the HEOSS pig heater units and blown into the cubicle, naturally expelling through the outlet. Farrowing Units only require gentle air movements so as not to disturb the mother and the piglets. The central air inlet can have adjustable shutters fitted to direct the air where required.

stallations
Typical Installations Weaning House
HEOSS Pig Heater Roof Mounted Agri-Jet HE Propeller Fans

AGRI-JET ROOF MOUNTED

HE PROPELLER FAN

AIR INLET

AIR INLET

PASSAGE
HEOSS PIG HEATER HEOSS PIG HEATER

Figure 2.0

Weaning House
At weaning, the pigs are known as weaners, usually housed in pens holding a number of pigs, where they remain until they reach the correct weight where they are moved out to the fattening house. There are many variations in the design and layout of the Weaner House, although it generally consists of a central feeding passage with pens on either side and a dunging area alongside the outside walls. Most weaner accommodation incorporates heating and ventilation and it is the heating that accounts for most of the energy use, because of its importance in the pigs growth. With earlier weaning becoming more common place, the use of more heating at the weaner stage is apparent. Although there are a wide variety of heating systems available on the market for weaner housing systems, Hydor provide the proven HEOSS range of heaters for Weaner House applications. With rapid growth at the weaner stage of accommodation the heat output of a group of pigs begins to increase and temperature requirements decrease, thereby initiating a gradual change from heating to ventilation within the building. Hydor is able to provide the controlled environmental conditions to ensure the automatic operation of both the heating and ventilation systems as the need arises within the weaner accommodation.

Air Inlets

VARC Controller

Figure 2.0
This typically illustrates this arrangement where the HEOSS heater units are placed under the floor and warm air is blown into the under floor camber rising through the floor area where the pigs lye, naturally venting through the roof mounted fan unit. When ventilation is required, warm air is drawn up through the side inlet units and either directed upwards in winter to drop on to the floor area, or in summer directed downward onto the area to cool the pigs and then extracted by the fan, discharging vertically thereby preventing any dust or muck ingress onto the roof to pollute the water courses.

Typical Ins
Typical Installations Fattening House
AGRI-JET ROOF MOUNTED
Roof Mounted Agri-Jet HE Propeller Fans

HE PROPELLER FAN

AIR INLET

AIR INLET

PASSAGE DUNG LAYING PIGS

Figure 3.0

LAYING PIGS

DUNG

Fattening House
Fattening House Although the mature pig is more tolerant to a greater variation in temperatures, the pigs feed intake, growth rate and the efficiency of its feed conversion are largely dependent on the environmental temperature within its accommodation. Although the Fattening House is essentially the same as the Weaning House it is on a larger scale.

Figure 3.0
Figure 3.0 illustrates a conventional roof extract, negative pressure system. Here, air is drawn into the unit through the side inlets and directed either upwards in winter, allowing the air to fall into the dunging area or directed down to the dunging area in summer, passing over the pigs and rising towards the centre of the unit to be exhausted through the roof mounted fan unit. Dust and foul air are discharged vertically out and off the unit, thereby preventing fouling of the roof and contamination of any water courses. With a larger pig at this stage in its growth cycle, the heat output increases with the weight and temperature requirements fall, thus the ventilation systems in finishing houses require a higher capacity than required in the farrowing or weaning accommodation. The ventilation required at this stage of pig production means that the selection of fans and the controls, as well as the reliability and maintenance for these systems is fundamental for efficient operation.

Air Inlets VARC Controller

stallations
Typical Installations Breeding Sows Heavy Hogs
Roof Mounted Agri-Jet Turbulator Circulation Fan HE Propeller Fans

AGRI-JET ROOF MOUNTED

Air Inlets

HE PROPELLER FAN

VARC Controller

TURBULATORS AIR INLET

TURBULATORS AIR INLET

PASSAGE
Figure 4.0

PASSAGE

Breeding Sows & Heavy Hogs

The dry and pregnant sows are either housed in pens holding several sows or in sow stalls, whereby the pigs are housed individually; this has the advantage of individual feeding without the fear of fighting.

Figure 4.0
This typically illustrates a conventional negative pressure, roof extract system. Air is drawn through the side inlets and directed upwards in winter allowing the cooling air to fall naturally onto the pigs. In summer the air is directed towards the stock, combining with the warm air around the pigs and exhausting though the fan mounted in the roof mounted Agri-Jet Unit. Foul and dirty air is discharged vertically into the air, preventing fouling of the room and contamination of any water courses. Additional Turbulator fans can be introduced to circulate and blow air onto the pigs in hot summer conditions.

Heating
Heating
Heoss Pig Heater
H is required for two principal reasons, first of all to maximise Heat
the pigs feed conversion, but also in reducing the mortality rate amongst piglets. Where the pigs are kept below their lower critical temperature they will convert more of their food into energy as opposed to body weight. Inevitably the heating systems on the market are as varied as the building designs for Pig Housings. With effective Heating and Control products from Hydor, the precise temperature conditions can be carefully maintained for the pigs.

With three model sizes, Hydors Heoss Pig Heater is a propane gas, hot air generator manufactured completely in stainless steel. The unit consists of a fixed section that is placed in the wall of the room (usually the wall of the corridor) and a mobile section, the actual generator, mounted on the same wall coupling, with its upper part in the conduit at 90. The fixed section of the heater consists of a key; a regulator to 37 mbar; a gas filter and a conduit at 90 that transverses the wall with an air baffle. The additional benefit is that the unit completely seals the air exit thereby preventing dust ingress. The mobile section weighs only 15kg and is fitted with a quick connection to connect the gas supply to the regulator.

Heating
Heating
Heoss Pig Heater
Figure 5.0 Figure 6.0 Figure 7.0
Hydor HEOSS Pig Heaters are designed to be located within a pig building by blowing heated air into those rooms within the farm where it is needed for the pigs, in particular, the Farrowing and Weaning Houses. Each of the drawings opposite illustrates typical mounting arrangements for the HEOSS unit, also highlighting the flexibility in installation. Figure 5.0 mounted under the floor, heating the room from below. Figure 6.0 mounted above the ceiling, heating the room from above. Figure 7.0 mounted into the room, heating the room directly.

Installation Features & Benefits

Versatility. Suitable for all types of farms, particularly Pig Farms. HEOSS works well with low-pressure propane gas supply. Where required Hydor can provide a 9kw electric model with identical dimensions. Horizontal or vertical mounting arrangement. The heat output is infinitely variable from 1.4 KW to 10 KW via a 0-10 volt control signal. Automatic OFF switching is optional. The Unit automatically resets after a power failure, with illuminated lights indicating the operational status of the HEOSS unit. The ignition circuits are isolated from the main electrical circuit for safety and EMC Interference legislation.

Very simple and economical. HEOSS is for outside, inside or corridor installations. The unit can be installed on the exterior of the Piggery, the interior, for example, Weaner accommodation, or, the most common location, the corridor or central passageway. Horizontal and vertical position allowing the installation where it is most convenient or where space is at a premium.

Heating Quality

Homogeneity By progressive heating, this allows HEOSS to maintain the desired temperature for the accommodation with oscillations of less than 0.5C. The air introduced is a dry air, which improves the environmental quality by vastly diminishing the humidity of the air and the beds.

Heating
Heating

Heoss Pig Heater

Portability and Economy

With a fixed section of the Pig Heater for each room, as well as a transportable section, the unit can be disconnected and moved from one room to another, leaving the gas supply and the inlet section in place, thereby utilising the heater section to its maximum potential in other parts of the pig building. If the pig farmer does not need to heat all of the rooms at the same time, he can determine the number of heaters to order. Normally 50% of the rooms require heating, which means only investing in additional fixed utility lines and inlet sections.

Resistance

Unit is constructed from stainless steel for longevity of use, as well as being hygienic and easy to clean, particularly the burner and ventilation parts. The electrical and electronic components are protected against humidity and the corrosive atmosphere, which is particularly prevalent in a Pig Farm.

Security

By producing the flame outside the room, this can increase safety on the farm thereby diminishing the risks associated with the use of gas. Potential reduction in the insurance costs on the farm. The unit works with low-pressure gas.

In essence, Hydor HEOSS Pig Heaters areEasy to install. Easy to clean. Easy to transport from one room to another. Work with bottled gas.

Quite simply it is one of the highest quality and lowest cost pig heaters on the agricultural market today.

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Ventilation
Ventilation
G ventilation design is a vital and integral part Good
of the design process of any livestock building.
At Hydor, we strive to provide a ventilation system for pig farms that accomplishes the following:

Provide the desired amount of fresh air, without draughts, to all parts of the building. Maintain temperatures within desired limits. Maintain relative humidity within desired limits.

Ensure ammonia levels are below specified levels to assure worker safety.

Hydors objective in ventilation system design of buildings is to maintain a healthy environment for animals and workers in the facility. After more than 40 years of creating the right environmental conditions for livestock producers, Hydor can boast a thing or two on ventilation systems and design. Take a look at some of the specific products within our comprehensive range for pig farming applications such as the brand leading High Efficiency HE Propeller fan, Roof Mounted Agri-Jets, or Turbulators, as well as Air Inlets and VARC Controllers.

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HE Fans
HE Fans
A modern high quality range of agricultural propeller fans A
designed to pass large volumes of air with minimum use of energy.
The Hydor HE fan range has been designed specifically for use in agricultural applications such as pig farms where corrosive environments are particularly evident. With a heavy duty construction, the HE fans principal benefit is the propeller shaped stainless steel blades which scoop air and move it away from the fan blade - Blade tip clearance design enhances HE fan performance alongside large volume air movement.

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HE Fans
Static Pressure @ 50Pa
Fan Diameter (mm)

HE Fansof Pigs per installed Hydor HE Fan Suggested number

315 350 400 450 500 630
Single 10600 Three 10600
Supply (phase) Air Volume m3/h

Single 1450

Single 2520

Single 3680

Single 5120

Three 5120

Single 8140

Three 8140

Type of Livestock Pigs Early Weaners Pork Pigs Heavy Hogs

weight kg

m3/h/kg

Suggested Number of Livestock per Fan Type

23.00 68.00 91.00

1.88 1.88 1.88

34 11 8

58 20 15

85 29 22

118 40 30

118 40 30

118 63 48

188 63 48

245 83 62

245 83 62

Table 1.0 illustrates the suggested number of pigs that can be adequately ventilated with Hydor HE Propeller fans, thereby being within the Lower and Upper critical temperatures of the pig.

Features & Benefits

Quality robust construction incorporating stainless steel impeller. Available in 9 sizes 315/355/400/450/500/ 560/630/710/760. Very efficient power consumption. Reliable with high volume air movement. Waterproof Junction Box and 3 metre cable.

Motors are particularly cool-running, constructed with a finned aluminium casing to give excellent heat dissipation. Three year (Conditional) extended warranty on all our motors.

Optional EC conforming motor/propeller side guards Motors are weatherproofed to IP55. Suitable for Form A or Form B operation. Ex-stock single phase and three phase fans.

Diaphragm mounted units without rings for special applications. Low noise level. Long service life. Quick and easy assembly.

Accessories

Motor or Propeller side wire guards to BS848 Part 5 finished in red powder coat to RAL7031.

Air Operated louvre shutters available in Aluminium / Alu-Zinc and plastic.

A full range of both automatic and manual infinitely variable or stepped transformer type controls.

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Roof Mounted
Agri-jet
Roof Mounted Ventilation Units
FFarmers have used the brand leading range of Agri-Jet units for many pig housing applications.
The Roof Mounted Unit is a high velocity jet extraction unit for on or off-ridge installations. operating at low back pressure - minimising operating costs. The design of the inlet ensures that it operates at high efficiency by maximising air flow and Stale air is expelled through the cowl to a height of approximately 60 feet, ensuring that any dust, moisture, ammonia and smells are dissipated as they leave the pigs accommodation.

Features & Accessories

There are five standard sizes 450mm, 500mm, 630mm, 710mm and 760mm. Roof mounted units are supplied complete with a Hydor HE High efficiency Propeller fan, easily accessible for cleaning and maintenance. Supplied as ready-assembled units for On-ridge or Off-ridge installation. Low Silhouette design provides tidy and unobtrusive appearance. High Velocity exhaust jet of approximately 60 feet ensures no roof dust deposit. Minimal back pressure ensures maximum fan efficiency. Roof mounted units can be opened using a cable system as a fail safe contingency.

Units can be supplied for flush mounting to the ceiling line, or with circular tube trunk extensions according to customer preference. GRP bell mouth inlets are available for fitting to the bottom off the extension tubes for maximum efficiency in aerodynamic design. Hinged fan assembly to facilitate shaft cleaning. Plastic thermal barrier trunk reduces noise levels and in-house condensation. Light Baffle boards to diffuse the light.

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Inlets

High Flow Air Inlet

Maximum Resistance Inlets
IIn a mechanical ventilation system, the size and operation of the piggery will determine the rate of air changes required.
The uniformity of air distribution, on the other hand, depends primarily on location, design and adjustment of the air intakes in exhaust systems or the air outlets in pressure systems.

It is especially important to maintain enough inlet velocity during the colder weather so that the incoming air is mixed or blended sufficiently with the warm room air before it reaches the pigs. The opening, or cross sectional area, of the air inlet should be based upon the capacity of the fans. If the inlet area is too great, cold air will enter at low velocity, causing it to settle to the floor and induce drafts, which pigs are sensitive too.

Hydor high flow inlets, constructed of hygienic, easy to clean, polyurethane foam with aerofoil blade section are designed to direct the incoming air to the most advantageous place for the pigs welfare. By directing cooling air down onto the dunging areas, this encourages the pigs to use this specific area whilst allowing the air to temper as it passes over stock. Inlets can be controlled individually or in sections. Accurate control of these is essential.

Features & Benefits

A very high degree of insulation A strong structure with a low weight. Quick and easy mounting Easy to handle (adjusting, gluing etc). Easy to clean. Environmentally desirable. Highly resistant to chemicals, aggressive gases and dry rot.

Inlets constructed from durable polyeurethane foam. Simple to install either in a new system, or as a retro-fit to upgrade an existing system design. Inlets can be supplied for either wall or ceiling mouthed applications.

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Turbulat
Turbulator
High Quality Recirculation Fans
Features

H Hydor Turbulator fans are specifically designed to have a long

throw and move air efficiently to give a measure of control over temperature and humidity in pig housing, aswell as a variety of other applications for farming.

Rust proof wire guards for employee safety. Waterproof Junction Box and 3 metre cable.

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tor

Rust proof air straightener for long axial air flow. Suitable Standard 230v Single Phase Supply.

Stainless steel duct supplied with suspension eyes and chain for ease of mounting.

Large Range of Thermostats and speed controllers available 12 Months Product Warranty

Turbulator
The Hydor range of Turbulators, constructed with stainless steel casings, with high efficiency, lightweight motors and non corrosive plastic propellers offer various sizes from 355mm to 630mm diameter. The units are suitable for all year round ventilation and for movement of air within pig units giving evenness of temperature throughout the unit and removing condensation in the fattening and heavy hog houses, by circulating the air, thereby improving the pig's environment at low cost and power consumption. There are a number of distinct benefits for piggery applications with this particular product, namely 1. Control of insects Many insects and flies are discouraged by a constant airflow throughout the pig building which is created by Turbulator fans. 2. Overcomes dunging problems Where the ventilation rates become too low, pigs will tend to congregate wherever the oxygen level is best in their housing. Turbulators gently circulate fresh air evenly throughout the entire building, which culminates in a healthier environment for the pigs. 3. A reduction in heat stress, whereby growth loss is reduced from heat stress. 4. A constant airflow will ensure the pig building is kept dry by increasing evaporation of moisture in the air. 5. A reduction in the heat stress of pigs when using Turbulators to circulate the air can enhance their reproductive efficiency. 6. Air circulation moves ammonia fumes away from the pigs, thereby circulating gases to a higher level within the building, which in turn means that exhaust fans will remove them from the building more efficiently.

Accessories

A full range of both automatic and manual infinitely variable controllers. Available in stainless steel (non-stocked / made to order). Extra chain/cable available please notify at time of ordering.

A full range of electronic / manual thermostats.

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Controll
Controllers
Controlling your environment
A first class control system is essential for the effective operation of heating A
and ventilation equipment in order to achieve precise temperatures within a building or part of that building. By achieving accurate temperature controls, this minimises the potential wasteful use of energy, culminating in improved food conversion of pigs and their growth rates. In addition a more stable temperature will have an overall influence on performance.

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ers

The Hydor VARC range of Automatic controllers are designed to operate small numbers of fans, offering infinitely variable speed control, with or without low temperature shut off and / or heater interlock to maintain the correct environment at minimal cost. The Hydor VARC Infinitely Variable Fan Speed Control is a simple to use, easy to install unit which is suitable for controlling up to six fans from a correctly rated and protected single phase 200-240 Volt 50Hz AC supply. Designed to maintain a set temperature in the required area, they are ideal for farrowing, weaning and smaller sow houses. The VARC units feature a Temperature Setting dial and a Minimum Speed dial, an individual suitably rated miniature circuit breaker for each fan to act as an On/Off Switch whilst protecting the fan motor, and indicator lights; easily replaced control card and drive units. The unit is supplied with a suitable temperature sensing device. The Control is available in various forms to suit the particular application within the building.

A normal continuous version where fans run continuously, varying in speed, between the set minimum and full speed to maintain the required temperature, whilst maintaining a minimum throughput of fresh air. The P off-switching version where fans switch off when the temperature inside the pig unit dips below the minimum speed temperature setting, allowing the internal temperature to recover as soon as possible, or reducing the heating requirement. This particular version is more suitable for Farrowing Units where low air requirements are needed. The VARC unit is housed in a metal powder coated enclosure finished in standard grey / brown and can be installed either inside the piggery or outside in one of the passageways. Dimensions are either 300mm by 250mm by 150mm or 400mm by 300mm by 150mm depending on the number of fans.

Features & Benefits

Set Temperature Control which allows the required temperature of the unit to be selected between 5c and 45c. Minimum Speed Control which allows the operator to select a minimum speed between 10% and 100%. This is the minimum speed the fans will operate at irrespective of the temperature in the piggery. On off switching versions where the fans will switch off and re-start at this speed setting. The fans are normally factory set at Hydor to operate over a 5c temperature differential between 10% and 100%.

Miniature Circuit Breaker which is suitably current rated for the size of fan being controlled, which acts as a on and off fan selection switch whilst protecting the fan motor from an overload condition. An internal control card features preset controls for calibrating the fan speeds, the temperature and setting the differential. The differential can be varied between 1c and 10c.

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www.hydor.co.uk
Hydor Ltd . Unit 8 . Parkers Close . Downton Business Centre Downton . Salisbury . Wiltshire . SP5 3RB Tel: +44 (0) 1725 511422 . Fax: +44 (0) 1725 512637 e-mail: info@hydor.co.uk . www.hydor.co.uk PHV/02-05-06/01

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