From NKS to E8 symmetry, a description of the universe

Raymond Aschheim POLYTOPICS

Abstract:
Realizing Galileo's vision, using a ladder to climb from the simplest to the most complex, we can see the law of space-time, energy, and matter. In 1623, here in Pisa, Galileo Galilei wrote in "Il saggiatore" :
" La filosofia scritta in questo grandissimo libro che continuamente ci sta aperto innanzi a gli occhi (io dico l'universo), ma non si pu intendere se prima non s'impara a intender la lingua, e conoscer i caratteri, ne' quali scritto. Egli scritto in lingua matematica, e i caratteri son triangoli, cerchi, ed altre figure geometriche, senza i quali mezi impossibile a intenderne umanamente parola; senza questi un aggirarsi vanamente per un oscuro laberinto. "

In 2009, invited by TED to give a talk about his E8 theory, Garrett Lisi gave the English translation:
"And this idea that nature is described by mathematics is not at all new. In 1623, Galileo wrote this: "Nature's grand book, which stands continually open to our gaze, is written in the language of mathematics. Its characters are triangles, circles and other geometrical figures, without which it is humanly impossible to understand a single word of it; without these, one is wandering around in a dark labyrinth.""

Results:
Modeling the structure of the universe, using NKS methodology, following Galileo's path , and achieving E8 realization,

assuming Lisi's hypothesis that Universe's complexity is described by E8 structure as presented in Lisi's paper [L], assuming Wolfram's hypothesis that Universe should be ultimately a simple trivalent undirected graph [W],
we build a model of an elegant structure that encodes the universe, and can be observed at four levels, revealing both W. and L. theories. Our easy to understand Ladder, illustrated by Santa Maria della Scala middle-aged complex, than I visited in Sienna the day after I got the vision of this structure, accurately illustrates Galileo's statement. It shapes as an exact sequence between Real numbers and the real universe.

Conclusion:
We design the minimal NKS-E8 universe as a trivalent graph of 178848 nodes. Its dynamic is T1 transformation. Its symmetry is E8.

Scale
As a computer is a ladder of levels where information increases its complexity, from electrons to electronic components, then to logic bits encoding either data or instructions, then to low level compiled language such as C, then to high level interpreted language such as Mathematica, the universe is a ladder.

Complexity Physical

E8

Particles are identified in physical space time

Geometrical

Geometry arises from local information

Logical

Information bits are stored in edges

NKS

Topological Simplicity

A simple unoriented trivalent graph

Exact Sequence of Division Algebras on Reals, and of physical interpretation of basic information. Growing up from NKS simplicity to E8 complexity.

Ultimate structure
At lowest level, universe is a trivalent graph. We claim that this graph has the minimal structure to hold a bit on each edge of the second level, so that this bit reverses its states by performing T1 transformation. Very locally this graph is 2-dim and T1 is a /2 rotation. This local 1-dim to 2-dim phase transition is made by extending nodes to triangles, and edges to rectangles.

radius

1 2 3 4 5

radius

1 2 3 4 5

radius

1 2 3 4 5

logical topological

logical topological

logical topological

Equivalence between Level 2 logical bit-edge (blue for 0, red for 1) and Topological Level 1 (

for 0,

for 1)

How many nodes has a minimal universe ?

Hyperdiamond crystal has 8 n4 centers of particles, for n>2. Each particle deploys its 48-valence in a trivalent triple tree, creating a local space-time of (1+3*15) nodes. On topological level we need 6 more times nodes . (for logical edges holding a bit, but they can instead hold an arrow, as in next slide).

3; 46

8 n4

178 848

Rules
Rules applies on the edges at a logical level, where the universe is a trivalent oriented graph. The neightborhood is sensed by each edge from two pairs of edges at its head and feet.

rule

8309

Constraints
Avoid un-physical topologies:
Avoid non circulant nodes (having all incoming or all outcoming arrows), and avoid non cyclic loops.:

Allow propagation:

Stay

Stay

Clone

Implies Rule symmetry: R(0,X)=R(X,0) when Action=R(Number of Heads at Head, Number of Tails at Tail).

Actions:
At first only one action is logically natural: the edge flips itself. Otherwise do nothing. This follows LoF principle. But 'avoid

Stay

Stay

Flip

constraints' bring up creation and annihilation actions, which is physically natural. Hamiltonian sorts actions by energy consumption: Stay, Flip, Die, Clone

Rule

Die

Flip

Flip

Choose rule, but preferes those who satisfies constraints, and minimize Action (e.g. 8309)

Dynamics as T1 transformations on level 1 for particle interactions & propagation at level 4

3D/4D & Topolical edge-valued cellular automaton

Level 3: Space Time as a Network of 24-cells

A 48 valent node in this state with a well determined pattern of arrows or bits in all edges within radius 4 of the central node, this pattern being seen as a polarization is an empty cell of four dimensional space time. But three bits of information are available in each path of length 9 from the central node to one of the 48 neighbours. The 24 paths to dual space and the 24 paths to direct space are computed separately. At each of the 24 leaves delimiting a particle eventually empty , two edges are connected respectively to the opposite leaf of the immediate neighbours in the direction encoded by the path information, and to its dual obtained by quaternionic multiplication of 1 i or adding at the coordinates a permutation of the coordinates . By convention, the nearest bit will be set to mark an incoming direction, the next to identify a boson, and the third to mark outgoing direction.

Triple trivalent tree around a particle location (central yellow circle) and inside 24 peripheral leaves (shaped as 24-cell), and their paths to 48 neighbours, and colour coded geometry.

Level 4: Internal E8 symmetry of bosons and fermions

Seen as a 48-valent network, the structure holds identification of 240 particles

Each row represents one family of 8 bosons. Family s flavor is the color of the central sphere: from top to bottom, red cyan green magenta blue yellow. Family with rgb colors are higgsons, and other are gluons. Gluons are duals from higgsons. On each row, we have projected the 4d hyper diamond mesh around the central sphere into 5 time slices: t 2, t 1, t, t 1 and t 2. For example the last row tell us that gluons of yellow flavor, which are rotated from magenta, green, blue and yellow higgsons of family one, stays at t, while red and black lives at t 2 and white and cyan lives at t 2. The first row illustrate that unrotated higgsons of family one red flavor lives at t at a distance 2 in either x, x, y, y, z, z direction for respective colors cyan, red, magenta, green, yellow, blue and at t 2 for black and t 2 for white. In the E8 root basis 1 1 3 1 3 3 3 K,Y,M,C,K,Y,M,C L , R ,W ,B1 ,w,x,y,z ,which 2 2 2 is rotated by 45 in the 2 first planes from Lisi s basis used in its table 9 of 240 E8 roots, the W boson is the magenta sphere at t, row 1; the W boson is the green sphere.

References
[W] [L] S. Wolfram, A New Kind of Science (Wolfram Media, Champaign, 2002).Chapter 9, p433-545 G. Lisi, An Exceptionally Simple Theory of Everything, 2007,arXiv:hep-th/0711-0770

Conclusion: Space-Time as a Network with E8 symmetry

Design of new NKS dynamic structures encoding and processing information General NKS results
Model of networks encoding a local bit as directed graph Model of networks encoding a global bit in each edge

Applied NKS results

Architecture unifying NKS and E8 8D internal space embedded in digital 4D space-time, ultimately a graph with T1 dynamics Crucial role of the 6th platonic element and of real division algebras

No, it is 24 !

Discussion and Perspective

Logical level is more natural with directed edges (with emergent T2 rules), but topological level is more concise with undirected bits Next step: in this framework, simulate evolutions and test causal network invariance. Try unclocked mobile automatons Promising work that I would expand upon, either in a Theoretical Physics Thesis, or a book for a larger public, and first in a paper Polytopics, founded in 99 to study polytopes and octonion application to theoretical physics, is now open to funds and support