40 Chapter 2 Inequalities

CHAPTER 2 x + 24 x + 5 x + 6
10. − <
21 9 30
Exercise 2A (p.49) x + 24 x + 5 x + 6
− <
7 3 10
1. 7(5 − 3 x ) ≥ 5(7 − 2 x ) 30 x + 720 − 70 x − 350 < 21x + 126
35 − 21x ≥ 35 − 10 x 244 < 61x
0 ≥ 11x x>4
x≤0
11. x ( x + 7) ≥ 3 − x (1 − x )
2. 4 − 2(2 − x ) ≤ 4( x − 5) − 6
4 − 4 + 2 x ≤ 4 x − 20 − 6 or ( x − 14) − 6(2 x + 5) ≥ 10( x + 4)
26 ≤ 2 x x 2 + 7x ≥ 3 − x + x 2
x ≥ 13
or x − 14 − 12 x − 30 ≥ 10 x + 40
3. 5 − x ≥ 4( x − 3) − 2( x − 1) 8x ≥ 3 or −84 ≥ 21x
5 − x ≥ 4 x − 12 − 2 x + 2 3
x≥ or x ≤ −4
15 ≥ 3 x 8
3
x≤5 x ≤ −4 or x ≥
8
4. 9 x − 5(3 x − 8) ≤ 4
9 x − 15 x + 40 ≤ 4 7x 4 x 7
36 ≤ 6 x 12. −1 > −
10 5 5 10
x≥6
x − 3 5 x 2x + 9
or + < +
5. 18 − 5( x + 1) > 3( x − 1) 3 4 12 15
18 − 5 x − 5 > 3 x − 3 7 x − 18 > 2 x − 7
16 > 8 x or 20 x − 60 + 75 < 5 x + 8 x + 36
x<2
5 x > 11 or 7 x < 21
6. 4( x − 1) + 8 + 5 x < 3( x − 2) 11
x> or x<3
4 x − 4 + 8 + 5x < 3x − 6 5
6 x < −10 ∴ The solution is all real numbers.
5
x<−
3 2x − 3 x − 5 2 x + 1 3x + 1 2
13. − > − or ≤
3 2 5 3 4 3
x −1 5 x 2 x + 10
7. + > + 10(2 x − 3) − 15( x − 5) > 12 − 10( x + 1) or
3 12 12 15
20 x − 20 + 25 > 5 x + 8 x + 40 9x + 3 ≤ 8
7 x > 35 15 x > −43 or 9 x ≤ 5
x>5 x>−
43
or x≤
5
15 9
x +1 x + 2 3 + x ∴ The solution is all real numbers.
8. 6+ + <
2 3 4
72 + 6 x + 6 + 4 x + 8 < 9 + 3 x 14. 6(14 x − 3) > 1 + 13(7 x − 2)
7 x < −77
x < −11 and 9 x ≥ 4 + 5(3 x − 8)
84 x − 18 > 1 + 91x − 26
1 1 and 9 x ≥ 4 + 15 x − 40
9. (3 x − 2 ) − ( x − 3) > 4
12 45 7 > 7x and 36 ≥ 6 x
45 x − 30 − 4 x + 12 > 720 x <1 and x ≤ 6
41x > 738
x <1
x > 18
 Chapter 2 Inequalities 41

x+3 x+4 1 4 x − 15 ≥ 0
15. 2(2 x + 3) +
x
>7 and > − 4 x − 15 ≤ 0
5 4 3 4  or
x − 2 ≥ 0 x−2≤0
20 x + 30 + x > 35 and 3 x + 9 > 4 x + 16 − 3
21x > 5 and −4 > x 2≤x≤
15
or no solution
5 x < −4 4
x> and
15
21 2≤x≤
There is no solution. 4

5. 2 x 2 + 3x + 4 > 0
x + 1 2x − 1 1
16. + < 3
2 4 5 x2 + x + 2 > 0
10( x + 1) + 5(2 x − 1) < 4 2
20 x < −1 2 3 9 9
x + x+ +2− >0
1 2 16 16
x<− 3 23
20 ( x + )2 + >0
and 4 16
The solution is all real numbers.
4x − 3 x−3
>2−
3 4
4( 4 x − 3) > 24 − 3( x − 3) 6. 4 x 2 − 7x + 6 < 0
19 x > 45 7 3
x− x+ <0
45 4 2
x>
19 7 49 3 49
There is no solution. x2 − x + + − <0
4 64 2 64
7 47
( x − )2 + <0
8 64
Exercise 2B (p.57) 7
Since ( x − )2 ≥ 0 for all real values x,
1. x 2 + 3 x − 10 > 0 8
there is no solution.
( x + 5)( x − 2) > 0
x + 5 > 0 x+5<0
 or 7. ( 4 x + 7)2 ≥ 0
x − 2 > 0 x+5<0
x > 2 or x < −5 There does not exist any real value x such that
( 4 x + 7)2 < 0 .
The solution is all real numbers.
2. x 2 + x − 12 < 0
( x + 4)( x − 3) < 0
8. (5 x − 1)(10 x + 7) ≤ 5(3 x + 1)
x + 4 < 0 x+4>0
 or 50 x 2 + 25 x − 7 ≤ 15 x + 5
x − 3 > 0 x−3< 0
50 x 2 + 10 x − 12 ≤ 0
no solution or −4 < x < 3 25 x 2 + 5 x − 6 ≤ 0
−4 < x < 3 (5 x + 3)(5 x − 2) ≤ 0
5 x + 3 ≤ 0 5x + 3 ≥ 0
 or
3. 5 x 2 − 13 x + 6 ≥ 0 5 x − 2 ≥ 0 5x − 2 ≤ 0
(5 x − 3)( x − 2) ≥ 0 3 2
no solution or − ≤x≤
5 x − 3 ≥ 0 5x − 3 ≤ 0 5 5
 or 3 2
x − 2 ≥ 0 x−2≤0 − ≤x≤
5 5
3
x ≥ 2 or x ≤
5
9. (2 x + 1)2 > 3(2 x + 1)
(2 x + 1)2 − 3(2 x + 1) > 0
4. 4 x 2 − 23 x + 30 ≤ 0 (2 x + 1)(2 x + 1 − 3) > 0
( 4 x − 15)( x − 2) ≤ 0 (2 x + 1)( x − 1) > 0
42 Chapter 2 Inequalities

2 x + 1 > 0 2x + 1 < 0 4 k + 5 > 0 4k + 5 < 0

 x −1 > 0 or  or
 x −1 < 0 k − 5 < 0 k − 5 >0
1
x > 1 or x < − −
5
<k<5 or no solution
2 4
5
10. (3 x − 4)(2 x − 3) ≤ −2(3 x − 4) − <k<5
(3 x − 4)(2 x − 3) + 2(3 x − 4) ≤ 0 4
(3 x − 4)(2 x − 3 + 2) ≤ 0
(3 x − 4)(2 x − 1) ≤ 0 13. x 2 − 6 x − 1 + µ (2 x + 1) = 0
3 x − 4 ≤ 0 3x − 4 ≥ 0 x 2 + (2µ − 6) x + (µ − 1) = 0
 or
2 x − 1 ≥ 0 2x − 1 ≤ 0
If the equation has real roots, D ≥ 0 .
1 4
≤x≤ or no solution (2µ − 6)2 − 4(µ − 1) ≥ 0
2 3
1 4 µ 2 − 7µ + 10 ≥ 0
≤x≤
2 3 (µ − 2)(µ − 5) ≥ 0
µ − 2 ≥ 0 µ−2≤0
11. (a) 3 x 2 + kx + 12 = 0  or
µ − 5 ≥ 0 µ−5≤0
If the equation has real roots, D ≥ 0 .
µ ≥ 5 or µ ≤ 2
k 2 − 4(3)(12) ≥ 0
k 2 − 144 ≥ 0
( k + 12)( k − 12) ≥ 0 14. s 2 x 2 − ( s + 2) x + 1 = 0

k + 12 ≤ 0 If the equation has real roots, D ≥ 0 .

k + 12 ≥ 0
 or
[ −( s + 2)]2 − 4 s 2 (1) ≥ 0
k − 12 ≥ 0 k − 12 ≤ 0
k ≥ 12 or k ≤ −12 s 2 + 4s + 4 − 4s 2 ≥ 0
3s 2 − 4 s − 4 ≤ 0
(b) x 2 + kx + 3 x − k = 0
(3s + 2)( s − 2) ≤ 0
x 2 + ( k + 3) x − k = 0
3s + 2 ≤ 0 3s + 2 ≥ 0
If the equation has real roots, D ≥ 0 .  or
s − 2 ≥ 0 s − 2 ≤0
( k + 3)2 − 4( − k ) ≥ 0
2
k 2 + 6k + 9 + 4k ≥ 0 no solution or − ≤s≤2
3
k 2 + 10 k + 9 ≥ 0 2
( k + 1)( k + 9) ≥ 0 − ≤s≤2
3
 1≥ 0
k + k +1≤ 0
 or
k + 9 ≥ 0 k+9≤0
k ≥ −1 or k ≤ −9 15. x 2 − 4 x + k > 0 for all real values of x.
∴ D<0
12. (a) kx 2 − 8 x + 2 = 0
( −4)2 − 4 k < 0
If the equation does not have real roots, D < 0 . 16 < 4 k
( −8)2 − 4 k (2) < 0 k>4
64 < 8k
k >8
16. −3 x 2 + 6 x − k ≤ 0 for all real values of x.
(b) 5 x 2 − 4 kx + 3k + 5 = 0
If the equation does not have real roots, D < 0 . 3 x 2 − 6 x + k ≥ 0 for all real values of x.
∴ D≤0
( −4 k )2 − 4(5)(3k + 5) < 0
16k 2 − 60 k − 100 < 0 ( −6)2 − 4(3)( k ) ≤ 0
36 ≤ 12 k
4 k 2 − 15k − 25 < 0
k≥3
( 4 k + 5)( k − 5) < 0
 Chapter 2 Inequalities 43

17. 4 k 2 x 2 + 2( k + 3) x + 9 > 0 for all real values of x. 4 y + 1 ≤ 0 4y + 1 ≥ 0

 or
∴ D<0 4 y − 1 ≥ 0 4y − 1 ≤ 0
[2( k + 3)]2 − 4( 4 k 2 )(9) < 0 no solution or −
1
≤y≤
1
k + 6k + 9 − 36k < 0
2 2 4 4
1 1
35k 2 − 6k − 9 > 0 ∴ − ≤y≤
(7k + 3)(5k − 3) > 0 4 4

7 k + 3 > 0 7k + 3 < 0 x +1
 or 21. (a) y =
5k − 3 > 0 5k − 3 < 0 x2 + 2x + 2

k>
3
or k < −
3 x 2 y + 2 xy + 2 y = x + 1
5 7 x 2 y + (2 y − 1) x + (2 y − 1) = 0
(b) As x is real, D ≥ 0
18. x 2 − ( k − 4) x + k 2 − 5k + 4 ≥ 0 for all real values
of x. (2 y − 1)2 − 4 y(2 y − 1) ≥ 0
(2 y − 1)(2 y + 1) ≤ 0
∴ D≤0
2 y − 1 ≥ 0 2y − 1 ≤ 0
[ −( k − 4)]2 − 4( k 2 − 5k + 4) ≤ 0  or
2 y + 1 ≤ 0 2y + 1 ≥ 0
k 2 − 8k + 16 − 4 k 2 + 20 k − 16 ≤ 0
1 1
3k 2 − 12 k ≥ 0 no solution or − ≤y≤
2 2
k 2 − 4k ≥ 0 1 1
k ( k − 4) ≥ 0 − ≤y≤
2 2
k ≥ 0 k≤0
 or
3x − 1
k − 4 ≥ 0 k−4≤0
22. =k
k ≥ 4 or k ≤ 0 x ( x + 1)
3 x − 1 = kx 2 + kx
19. 2 x 2 − 2( k − 3) x + ( k + 1) > 0 for all real values of kx 2 + ( k − 3) x + 1 = 0
x.
It has no or just one real root. D ≤ 0
∴ D<0
( k − 3)2 − 4 k ≤ 0
[ −2( k − 3)] − 4(2)( k + 1) < 0
2
k 2 − 6k + 9 − 4k ≤ 0
k − 6k + 9 − 2 k − 2 < 0
2
k 2 − 10 k + 9 ≤ 0
k 2 − 8k + 7 < 0 ( k − 1)( k − 9) ≤ 0
( k − 1)( k − 7) < 0 k −1 ≥ 0
k − 1 ≤ 0
k − 1 < 0 k −1 > 0  or
k − 9 ≥ 0 k −9≤0
 or
k − 7 > 0 k−7<0 no solution or 1 ≤ k ≤ 9
no solution or 1< k < 7 1≤ k ≤ 9
1< k < 7 Maximum value of k is 9 .
Minimum value of k is 1 .
x
20. y =
x +4
2
23. f ( x ) = ( k − 2) x 2 + (2 k − 1) x + ( k − 5)
(a) x2 y + 4y = x
x2 y − x + 4y = 0 (a) f ( x ) = 0 has no real root.
(b) x has real roots, then D ≥ 0 D < 0 , (2 k − 1)2 − 4( k − 2)( k − 5) < 0
24 k < 39
( −1)2 − 4 y( 4 y) ≥ 0
13
1 − 16 y 2 ≥ 0 k<
8
16 y 2 − 1 ≤ 0
( 4 y + 1)( 4 y − 1) ≤ 0
44 Chapter 2 Inequalities

(b) f ( x ) < −3 2 x + 1 > 0 2x + 1 < 0

( k − 2) x 2 + (2 k − 1) x + ( k − 2) < 0  or
x−5<0 x−5>0
k − 2 < 0 1
D < 0 − < x < 5 or no solution
 2
D = (2 k − 1)2 − 4( k − 2)2 1
= 3( 4 k − 5) < 0 − <x<5
2
 −2<0
k
4 k − 5 < 0
 4. (2 x − 3)( x − 2) > −1
5
k< 2 x 2 − 7x + 6 + 1 > 0
4
2 x 2 − 7x + 7 > 0
24. f ( x ) = x + 4 x + 2 + m(2 x + 1)
2 7
x2 − x +
49 7
+ >0
= x 2 + 2( m + 2 ) x + ( m + 2 ) 2 16 16
7 7
(a) f ( x ) = 0 has no real root. ( x − )2 + >0
4 16
D < 0 , 4( m + 2 ) 2 − 4( m + 2 ) < 0 The solution is all real numbers.
( m + 2)( m + 1) < 0
m+2<0 5. x ( x + 7) ≥ 3 − x (1 − x ) and
m + 2 > 0
 or ( x − 14) − 6(2 x + 5) ≥ 10( x + 4)
m + 1 < 0 m +1 > 0
−2 < m < −1 or no solution x 2 + 7 x ≥ 3 − x + x 2 and
−2 < m < −1 x − 14 − 12 x − 30 ≥ 10 x + 40
(b) f ( x ) > −2 8x ≥ 3 and −84 ≥ 21x
x 2 + 2( m + 2 ) x + ( m + 4 ) > 0 x≥
3
and x ≤ −4
8
D < 0 , 4( m + 2 ) − 4( m + 4 ) < 0
2
There is no solution.
m( m + 3) < 0
m > 0 m <0 6. 3(14 x − 3) > 2 + 13(3 x − 2) or
 or
m + 3 < 0 m+3>0 9 x ≥ 4 + 5(3 x − 8)
no solution or −3 < m < 0 42 x − 9 > 2 + 39 x − 26 or
−3 < m < 0 9 x ≥ 4 + 15 x − 40
25 − 27. No solutions are provided for the H.K.C.E.E. 3 x > −15 or 36 ≥ 6 x
questions because of the copyright reasons. x > −5 or x ≤ 6
The solution is all real numbers.

Revision Exercise 2 (p.59)

7. 3( k + 1) x − x 2 + 2 k − 3 = 0
1. 2(2 x − 3) − 5( x + 1) > 3(2 x − 5) − x 2 + 3( k + 1) x + 2 k − 3 = 0
4 x − 6 − 5 x − 5 > 6 x − 15
4 > 7x If the equation has real roots, D ≥ 0 .

x<
4 ∴ [3( k + 1)]2 − 4( −1)(2 k − 3) ≥ 0
7 9k 2 + 18k + 9 + 4(2 k − 3) ≥ 0
2. (2 x + 1)( x − 4) < x (2 x + 5) 9k 2 + 18k + 9 + 8k − 12 ≥ 0
2 x 2 − 7x − 4 < 2 x 2 + 5x 9k 2 + 26k − 3 ≥ 0
−4 < 12 x k +3≥ 0 k +3≤ 0
1  or
x>− 9k − 1 ≥ 0 9k − 1 ≤ 0
3
1
k≥ or k ≤ −3
3. ( x − 3)(2 x + 1) < 2(2 x + 1) 9
( x − 3)(2 x + 1) − 2(2 x + 1) < 0
(2 x + 1)( x − 5) < 0
 Chapter 2 Inequalities 45

8. x 2 + (3m − 1) x + 2 m ≥ −10 k − 23 > 0 k − 23 < 0

 or
x + (3m − 1) x + 2 m + 10 ≥ 0
2
k−7>0 k−7<0
Consider the discriminant of the equation k > 23 or k < 7
x + (3m − 1) x + 2 m + 10 = 0 .
2 If the equation has positive roots,
D = (3m − 1)2 − 4(2 m + 10) k +1
sum of the roots = > 0 and
= 9m − 6 m + 1 − 8m − 40
2 8
k−5
= 9m 2 − 14 m − 39 product of the roots = >0
= ( m − 3)(9m + 13) 8
k > −1
If x 2 + (3m − 1) x + 2 m + 10 ≥ 0 for all real values  ∴ k>5
of x, then D ≤ 0 . k > 5
( m − 3)(9m + 13) ≤ 0 ∴ 5 < k < 7 or k > 23
 m−3≤ 0 m−3≥ 0
 or
9m + 13 ≥ 0 9m + 13 ≤ 0 x2 − 2x + 3
11. y = 2
13
− ≤m≤3 or no solution x + 2x + 3
9 x y + 2 xy + 3 y = x 2 − 2 x + 3
2
13
− ≤m≤3 ( y − 1) x 2 + (2 y + 2) x + 3 y − 3 = 0
9
As x is real, D ≥ 0 .
9. ( m − 1) x − 3 x + m > 1
2
(2 y + 2)2 − 4( y − 1)(3 y − 3) ≥ 0
( m − 1) x 2 − 3 x + m − 1 > 0 4 y 2 + 8 y + 4 − 12 y 2 + 24 y − 12 ≥ 0
For any real values of x, m − 1 > 0, m > 1. 8 y 2 − 32 y + 8 ≤ 0
Consider the discriminant of the equation y2 − 4 y + 1 ≤ 0
( m − 1) x − 3 x + m − 1 = 0 .
2
( y − 2 + 3 )( y − 2 − 3 ) ≤ 0
D = ( −3)2 − 4( m − 1)( m − 1) y − 2 + 3 ≤ 0 y−2+ 3 ≥0
= 9 − 4 m 2 + 8m − 4  or
y − 2 − 3 ≥ 0 y−2− 3 ≤0
= −4 m 2 + 8m + 5
= ( −2 m + 5)(2 m + 1) no solution or 2− 3 ≤ y≤2+ 3
2− 3 ≤ y≤2+ 3
If ( m − 1) x 2 − 3 x + m − 1 > 0 for any real values of
x, then D < 0.
( −2 m + 5)(2 m + 1) < 0 2x + 1
12. y = 2
−2 m + 5 > 0 −2 m + 5 < 0 x +2
 or yx 2 + 2 y = 2 x + 1
 2m + 1 < 0 2m + 1 > 0
yx 2 − 2 x + 2 y − 1 = 0
1 5
m < − (rejected) or m>
2 2 As x is real, D ≥ 0
5 ( −2)2 − 4 y(2 y − 1) ≥ 0
m>
2
4 − 8y2 + 4 y ≥ 0
2y − y − 1 ≤ 0
10. If the equation has two unequal roots, its ( y − 1)(2 y + 1) ≤ 0
discriminant is greater than zero.
 y −1 ≤ 0 y −1 ≥ 0
8 x 2 − ( k + 1) x + k = 5  or
2 y + 1 ≥ 0 2y + 1 ≤ 0
8 x 2 − ( k + 1) x + ( k − 5) = 0
1
D = [ −( k + 1)]2 − 4(8)( k − 5) > 0 − ≤ y ≤1 or no solution
2
k + 2 k + 1 − 32 k + 160 > 0
2
1
− ≤ y ≤1
k 2 − 30 k + 161 > 0 2
( k − 23)( k − 7) > 0
46 Chapter 2 Inequalities

Q x2 ≥ 0 , x2 + 2 > 0 (c) α 2 + β 2 = − k 2 + 2( a + 1)k + 1 ≤ 5

2x + 1 − k 2 + 2( a + 1)k − 4 ≤ 0
≥0
x2 + 2 for all values of k, D ≤ 0
2x + 1
∴ 0≤ 2 ≤1 [2( a + 1)]2 − 4( −1)( −4) ≤ 0
x +2
4( a 2 + 2 a + 1) − 16 ≤ 0
a2 + 2a − 3 ≤ 0
13. (a) ( x − 1)2 = k 2 − k + 2 ( a + 3)( a − 1) ≤ 0
x 2 − 2 x − ( k 2 − k + 1) = 0
a + 3 ≤ 0 a+3≥ 0
D = 4 + 4( k 2 − k + 1)  or
a − 1 ≥ 0 a −1 ≤ 0
= 4k 2 − 4k + 8
= (2 k − 1)2 + 7 > 0 no solution or −3≤ a ≤1
for all real values of k. −3 ≤ a ≤ 1
∴ α and β are real and distinct.
(b) As α + β = 2 , αβ = − k 2 + k − 1 16. f ( x ) = k ( x + 2)2 − x ( x − 6k ) + 5k
= ( k − 1) x 2 + 10 kx + 9k
(α − β)2 = (α + β)2 − 4αβ
= 4 − 4( − k 2 + k − 1) (a) f ( x ) = 0 has equal roots, D = 0
= 4k 2 − 4k + 8 100 k 2 − 4( k − 1)(9k ) = 0
= (2 k − 1) + 7
2
25k 2 − 9k 2 + 9k = 0
1 16k 2 + 9k = 0
It attains minimum when k = and the
2 k (16k + 9) = 0
minimum value is 7.
9
∴ Minimum value of α − β = 7 k = 0, −
16

14. (a) x 2 − ( m − 1) x + 3( m − 5) = 0 (b) f ( x ) = 5 x

D = ( m − 1)2 − 4(3)( m − 5) ( k − 1) x 2 + 5(2 k − 1) x + 9k = 0
= m 2 − 14 m + 61 Roots are of opposite sign, (i.e. sum of the
roots = 0 )
= ( m − 7) + 12 > 0
2
2k − 1 = 0
for all real values of m.
1
∴ α and β are real and distinct. k=
2
(b) As α + β = m − 1 , αβ = 3( m − 5)
(c) f ( x ) ≤ 0 for all real values of x.
(3 − α )(3 − β) = 9 − 3(α + β) + αβ
= 9 − 3( m − 1) + 3( m − 5) k − 1 < 0
D ≤ 0
= −3 < 0 
By (a),
15. (a) x 2 + ( k + 1) x + k ( k − a) = 0 D = k (16k + 9) ≤ 0
α + β = −( k + 1) 9
− ≤k≤0
αβ = k ( k − a) 16

(b) (α + β)2 = [ −( k + 1)]2 k < 1

∴ − 9 ≤ k ≤ 0
α + 2αβ + β = k + 2 k + 1
2 2 2
 16
α 2 + β 2 = k 2 + 2 k + 1 − 2αβ
= k 2 + 2 k + 1 − 2 k ( k − a) 9
− ≤k≤0
16
= k + 2 k + 1 − 2 k + 2 ka
2 2

= − k 2 + 2( a + 1)k + 1
 Chapter 2 Inequalities 47

3 a
17. (a) x 2 − ( m + )x + 2 = 0 2. If < 1,
m b
3
α + β = m + , αβ = 2 let a = 1, b = −3.
m
a 1
Since for all real numbers a, b ( a − b)2 ≥ 0 . = <1
b −3
3
( m − )2 ≥ 0 however a > b
m
9 ∴ The statement is false.
m2 − 6 + 2 ≥ 0
m
9 3. If a < 1,
m + 2 ≥6
2
m a 1
9 Q a > 0, <
m 2 + 6 + 2 ≥ 12 a a
m 1
3 2 ∴ 0 < a <1<
( m + ) ≥ 12 a
m 1
(b) Consider the equation i.e. a <
a
3 ∴ The statement is true.
x 2 − (m + ) x + 2 = 0 .
m
3 2
D = ( m + ) − 4( 2 ) 4. If a 2 > b 2 ,
m let a = −3 , b = 2
≥ 12 − 8
=4>0 a 2 = ( −3)2 = 9
It has distinct real roots. b 2 = (2) 2 = 4
(c) α + β < 2αβ however, a < b
3 ∴ The statement is false.
m + < 2( 2 )
m
m 2 −4 m + 3 < 0 5. For any real values of a, b,
( m − 1)( m − 3) < 0 ( a − b)2 ≥ 0
m − 1 < 0 m −1 > 0 a 2 − 2 ab + b 2 ≥ 0
∴  or
m − 3 > 0 m−3< 0 a 2 + b 2 ≥ 2 ab
∴ no solution or 1<m<3 ∴ The statement is true.
1< m < 3

18 − 19. No solutions are provided for the H.K.C.E.E. Classwork 2 (p.45)

questions because of the copyright reasons. 1. 2 − x > x + 3
−1 > 2 x
1 −1 0
Enrichment 2 (p.62) x<− 2
2
1 − 3. No solutions are provided for the H.K.C.E.E.
questions because of the copyright reasons.
2. 3( x − 3) − 8 ≥ 4(2 x − 5) − 2
3 x − 9 − 8 ≥ 8 x − 20 − 2
Classwork 1 (p.44) 5 ≥ 5x
x ≤1
1. If ac > bc, 0 1
let a = −2, b = −1. c = −1
ac = (−2)(−1) = 2 7 − 3x
3. x−4>
bc = (−1)(−1) = 1 2
however a < b 2 x − 8 > 7 − 3x
5 x > 15 0 3
∴ The statement is false. x>3
48 Chapter 2 Inequalities

3( 4 + x ) −( x + 2) x−2 2−x 2x + 3 x + 4 1
4. ≤ −1 3. > and < −
8 2 3 2 2 3 6
3( 4 + x ) ≤ −4( x + 2) − 8 2 x − 4 > 6 − 3x and 3(2 x + 3) < 2( x + 4) − 1
12 + 3 x ≤ −4 x − 8 − 8 5 x > 10 and 6x + 9 < 2x + 8 − 1
7 x ≤ −28 1
x>2 and x<−
x ≤ −4 ∴ There is no solution.
2

−4 0

4. 7 − 3 x > 10 or 6 − 5x > 2 − x
Classwork 3 (p.46) −3 x > 3 or −4 x > −4
x < −1 or x <1
1. x ≥ 2 and x < 4
∴ The solution is x < 1 .

2 4 0 1

5+ x x−3
2. x < −3 or x ≤ 1 5. >3 or 4− >5
9 or 2
5 + x > 27 8 − x + 3 > 10
or
x > 22 x <1
0 1
∴ The solution is x < 1 or x > 22 .
3. x > 1 and x ≥ 4

0 4 1 22

4. x < −2 or x ≥ −5 6. 9 − 2( x + 1) > −5 or 8( x + 1) + x > 5 − (2 − 4 x )

9 − 2 x − 2 > −5 or 8x + 8 + x > 5 − 2 + 4 x
12 − 2 x > 0 or 5 x > −5
x<6 or x > −1
5. x ≥ 0 and x < −1 ∴ The solution is all real numbers.

Classwork 4 (p.48)
Classwork 5 (p.52)
1. 5( x + 1) ≥ 2( x − 2) and 9( x − 3) < 5( x + 1) − 12
5x + 5 ≥ 2 x − 4 and 9 x − 27 < 5 x + 5 − 12 1. x 2 − x − 6 < 0
3 x ≥ −9 and 4 x < 20 ( x + 2)( x − 3) < 0
x ≥ −3 and x<5 x+2>0
x + 2 < 0
∴ The solution is −3 ≤ x < 5 .  or
x − 3 > 0 x−3< 0
no solution or −2 < x < 3
−2 < x < 3
−3 0 5

2. −2 x 2 − x + 10 < 0
2. −3( x + 5) ≤ 7( x + 5) < 75 − 3 x
(2 x + 5)( − x + 2) < 0
−3 x − 15 ≤ 7 x + 35 < 75 − 3 x
−15 ≤ 10 x + 35 < 75 2 x + 5 < 0 2x + 5 > 0
∴  or
−50 ≤ 10 x < 40 − x + 2 > 0 −x + 2 < 0
∴ The solution is −5 ≤ x < 4 . 5
∴ x < − or x > 2
2

−5 0 4
 Chapter 2 Inequalities 49

3. 2 x 2 + 4 x + 11 > 0 (b) Consider y = 2 x 2 − 5 x + 4

11 5
2( x 2 + 2 x + ) > 0 = 2( x 2 − x + 2 )
2 2
11 5 5 5
x + 2x + 1 − 1 + > 0
2
= 2[ x 2 − x + ( )2 − ( )2 + 2]
2 2 4 4
2 9 5 7
( x + 1) + > 0 = 2( x − ) 2 +
2 4 8
For all real values of x, ∴ T h e g r a p h o f y = 2 x 2 − 5x + 4 i s a s
( x + 1)2 ≥ 0 follows.
9 y
( x + 1)2 + > 0
2 y = 2x 2 − 5x + 4

∴ The solution is all real numbers. 4

3
4. 4 x (1 − x ) > 2
4x − 4x2 > 2 2
4x2 − 4x + 2 < 0
1 1
x2 − x + < 0 5, 7
2 ( )
1 2 1 2 1 4 8
x
x − x +( ) −( ) + < 0
2
O 1 2
2 2 2
1 2 1
(x − ) < −
2 4 Note that y = 2 x 2 − 5 x + 4 > 0 for all real
1 values of x.
Since ( x − )2 ≥ 0 for all real values of x.
2 ∴ The solution is all real numbers.
∴ No real number satisfies the inequality.
∴ There is no solution. 2. If the equation has no real roots, D < 0 .
( −2 k )2 − 4(3k ) < 0
Classwork 6 (p.57) 4 k 2 − 12 k < 0
k ( k − 3) < 0
1. (a) Consider y = x 2 + x − 6 k < 0 k>0
= ( x − 2)( x + 3)  or
k − 3 > 0 k −3< 0
∴ The graph of y = x 2 + x − 6 is as follows. no solution or 0<k<3
y 0<k<3

x
−3 −2 −1 O 1 2 3 3. For the expression x 2 + 3kx + 1 , the coefficient
−1 of x 2 is 1, which is greater than 0.
2
y=x +x −6
Consider the discriminant of the equation
−2
x 2 + 3kx + 1 = 0 .
−3 D = (3k )2 − 4(1)
= 9k 2 − 4
−4
If x 2 + 3kx + 1 > 0 for any real value of x, then
−5 D < 0.

−6

∴ The solution is x > 2 or x < −3 .

50 Chapter 2 Inequalities

9k 2 − 4 < 0
(3k − 2)(3k + 2) < 0
3k − 2 > 0 3k − 2 < 0
 or
3k + 2 < 0 3k + 2 > 0
2 2
no solution or − <k<
3 3
2 2
− <k<
3 3