UID: Lesson 04 - Information Architecture & Way-Finding

welcome to
USER INTERACTION DESIGN
INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

Lecturer
Itamar Medeiros (Brazil)
BA in Industrial Design;
PgDip in Information Design;
1 /43

Expertise
Multimedia/Web Design,
Photography, Information Design
and Human-Computer Interaction.
CLASSROOM RULES
itamar medeiros

Answer to commands promptly;
No food, no drinks, no games in class;
Always keep your mobile in silent mode;

2 /43
No electronic devices during class-time;

Bring only class related material to class;
LESSON 04:
INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE

& WAY-FINDING
learning outcome
Students will understand principles of

creating sensible, comprehensible,
memorable, and convenient organization 3 /43
of the content and the tasks to be

performed on their interactive product.
LESSON 04:

& WAY-FINDING
content
Introduction to Information Architecture

principles;
4 /43
Introduction to Content Organization

techniques;
& WAY-FINDING

The first generation of corporate Web sites
consisted mainly of online brochures—
a few static HTML pages with occasional
online form to request more information.
5 /43
Since then, the Web has grown
exponentially: company Web sites that

were once a few static pages are now
hundreds or thousands of pages in size,
meriting their own budgets and staff.
& WAY-FINDING

In order to keep the interaction of your
product meaning to the users, one must
put effort on designing an interface* with
a meaningful navigation*, and organize
its content* in appropriate ways. 6 /43

& WAY-FINDING

interface | 界面
An integrated composite that consists of one
or more of the processes, hardware,
software, facilities and people, that
provides a capability to satisfy a stated
need or objective. 7 /43
包括一个或者更多过程、硬件、软件、设

备和人员的一个一体化合成体，它具有
满足一项陈述的需要或者目的的能力。
& WAY-FINDING

interface | 界面
A user interface is the system of controls
with which the user controls a device.
一个用户界面是用户控制某设备的控制系
统。 8 /43

& WAY-FINDING

navigation | 导航
Process by which a user explores all the
levels of interactivity, moving forward,
backward, and through the content and
interface screens.
11/43
用户探索互动活动的所有水平的过程，包

括向前、向后、通过内容和界面屏幕。
& CONTENT ORGANIZATION

content | 内容
The text, pictures and sound that make up
a interactive system/product, as
opposed to the display characteristics like
font size, colors, positioning, borders, etc.
13/43
组成一个交互系统或者产品的文字、图片

和声音。相对于展示特点而言，例如字
体大小、色彩、定位和边界等；
& WAY-FINDING

Organizing functionality and content into a
structure that people are able to navigate
intuitively doesn’t happen by chance.
Organizations must recognize the 15/43
importance of information architecture*

or else they run the risk of creating great
content and functionality that no one can
ever find.
& WAY-FINDING

information architecture | 信息构架
The design and structure of an interactive
system/product.
一个交互系统或者产品的设计和结构
16/43

& WAY-FINDING

information architecture | 信息构架
Good information architecture ensures that
data is structured so that information
can be easily found by the user.
好的信息构架保数据结构化，致使用户 17/43
可以轻易地找到信息。

THE PROBLEM:
FINDING IS THE NEW DOING

Computer systems used to be frustrating
because they did very little quite badly.
People using systems became
frustrated because they simply
weren’t capable of doing what they 18/43
were required to do.

THE PROBLEM:

But technology has progressed and now
technology can do practically
whatever people want it to do.
So why doesn’t everyone using a computer 19/43
have a large smile on their face?

THE PROBLEM:

The incredible amount of functionality and
information has become the new
problem: the challenge facing
organizations is how to guide people
through the vast amount of 20/43
information on offer, so they can

successfully find the information they
want and thus find value in the system?
information architecture

Information Architecture can draw from
the physical world orienting principles,
such as way-finding, so that we can
help users build their own strategy to
navigate through the content of a 21/43
product/system.

way-finding

Imagine a world where there were no signs
or indications of where one thing ended
and another began?
We rely on visual cues in the environment 22/43
to not only tell us where we are, how to

get where we want to be, but also
when we get there.
way-finding | 建

In architecture, it refers to the user
experience of orientation and
choosing a path within the built
environment.
24/43
在已经建造完成的环境中，选择行路方

向的行路者体验。
way-finding | 建

It also refers to the set of architectural
and/or design elements that aids
orientation.
有助于导引方向的建筑和/或设计元素组 25/43
合。

way-finding | 建

Architects and designers face unique
challenges in combining visual
guidance with their designs.
Understanding what way-finding 26/43
-- or spatial orientation is--, is essential

to incorporating it into the built
environment: physical or virtual.
way-finding

The way-finding strategy in the physical
world -- such as in public spaces --
should be place-based and as intuitive
possible, referring to notable and
memorable buildings and landmarks 31/43
as well as clearly defined and

identified places.
ACTIVITY #5
way-finding

In your GROUPS, locate the room you’ve
picked inside the campus, and trace a
route from it to THIS CLASSROOM,
referring to any notable or memorable
buildings and landmarks; 34/43

The objective is to make a way-finding
guide, well as clearly defined and
identified places.
INTUITIVE NAVIGATION
DOESN’T HAPPEN BY CHANCE

Not only is this extremely frustrating for
users, but it has serious repercussions
for organizations.
35/43

INTUITIVE NAVIGATION
DOESN’T HAPPEN BY CHANCE

the cost of failure
For intranets* it means low adoption
rates and staff reverting to
unsupported offline resources.
For websites* with online shopping 36/43
facilities -- for example -- it has a

significant impact on revenue*.
COST OF FAILURE
intranet | 内部网络

A private network inside a company or
organization that uses the same kinds
of software that you would find on the
public Internet, but that is only for
internal use. 37/43

公司或者组织内容的一个私人化网站，
使用在公共因特网上可以找到的同样
类的软件，但是该网站只为内部使
用。
COST OF FAILURE
website | 网站

A set of interconnected web-pages,
generally located on the same server,
and prepared and maintained as to
provide some kind information or
service by a person, group, or 38/43
organization.

一组相互链接的网页，往往位于一个同
样的服务器上，准备和维护以用来提
供个人、团体或者组织的某些信息。
COST OF FAILURE
revenue | 收入

The amount of money that a company
actually receives from its activities,
mostly from sales of products and/or
services to customers.
39/43
公司从其活动，大多数来自于向客户销

售产品和/或服务中的实际所得。
COST OF FAILURE
complicated navigation

Research suggests that a significant
number of shopping attempts fail not
because the user has evaluated the
products on offer and decided against a
purchase, but because the navigation 40/43
system has failed and user can't find

the product they are interested in.
HOMEWORK [ GROUPS ]
way-finding

1. Choose 3 (three) of the following websites:
http://www.thebar.com/
http://whatisthematrix.warnerbros.com/
http://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/
http://shopping.yahoo.com/
http://www.sydneyoperahouse.com/sections/tours/virtual_tour/ 41/43

2. Navigate each website your group have chosen
in a way that you go -- at least -- 3 (three) clicks
away from the home-page, then trace the route
back from that point to the home-page;
HOMEWORK [ INDIVIDUAL ]
sketchbook

1. Choose 5 (five) words marked with asterisks
(*) you’ve seen in this class and create 5 (five)
posters -- one for each word -- on separate
pages of your sketchbook;
42/43
2. Each poster must include:

-The word chosen, with its English definition;
-3 (three) pictures;
-2 (two) websites;
-Your comments/impressions of the definition.
HOMEWORK [ INDIVIDUAL ]
tags

OBWJHBUJPO DPOUFOU
XBZmOEJOH
JOUFSGBDF
43/43
JOGPSNBUJPOBSDIJUFDUVSF

SFWFOVF
XFCTJUFT JOUSBOFU

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welcome to

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

No food, no drinks, no games in class;

Always keep your mobile in silent mode;

No electronic devices during class-time;

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

Students will understand principles of

of the content and the tasks to be

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

Introduction to Information Architecture

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

Organizations must recognize the 15/43

importance of information architecture*

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

好的信息构架 保数据结构化，致使用户 17/43

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

were required to do.

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

So why doesn’t everyone using a computer 19/43

have a large smile on their face?

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

information on oﬀer, so they can

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

We rely on visual cues in the environment 22/43

to not only tell us where we are, how to

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

Understanding what way-finding 26/43

-- or spatial orientation is--, is essential

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE & WAY-FINDING

as well as clearly defined and

USER INTERACTION DESIGN

UID: Lesson 04 - Information Architecture & Way-Finding

UID: Lesson 04 - Information Architecture & Way-Finding

好的信息构架保数据结构化，致使用户 17/43