Definition of Narrative

Narrative is a text focusing specific participants. Its social function is to tell stories or past events and entertain the readers.

Generic Structure of Narrative

A narrative text will consists of the following structure: 1. Orientation: Introducing the participants and informing the time and the place 2. Complication: Describing the rising crises which the participants have to do with 3. Resolution: Showing the way of participant to solve the crises, better or worse

Language Features of Narrative

Using processes verbs Using temporal conjunction Using Simple Past Tense http://bos-sulap.blogspot.com/2010/02/what-is-narrative.html

The Old Woman and the Sparrow

Once upon a time, there lived a kind hearted man and his wife. One morning, his wife found a poor little sparrow. She took it gently and fed it. To show its gratitude, the sparrow stayed with them and sang every morning. But there was an ill-tempered old woman who didn't like the sparrow. She cut the sparrow's tongue. That's why the bird flew away to its previous nest. Knowing that their sparrow flew away, the kind man and his wife looked for the sparrow. They walked a long way, crossed the bridges, climbed the mountains and passed the woods. At last, they could find the sparrow's nest. The sparrow welcomed them and provided a feast for them. Before they went home, the sparrow brought two baskets; one was large and looked heavy, and the other one was small and light. The sparrow asked them to choose only one. They chose the small and that was the best choice. There were many rolls of silk and piles of gold in it. Being jealous, the ill-tempered old woman did the same thing as the kind man and his wife did. She chose the big basket which actually contained wasps and venomous crawlers, such as scorpions, centipedes, and other horrible creatures. Finally, they stung and bit her to death. http://bos-sulap.blogspot.com/2011/01/old-woman-and-sparrow.html

Definition of Discussion
Discussion is a text which presents a problematic discourse. This problem will be discussed from different viewpoints. Discussion is commonly found in philosophical, historic, and social text.

Generic Structure of Discussion

Statement of issue; stating the issue which is to discussed List of supporting points; presenting the point in in supporting the presented issue List of contrastive point; presenting other points which disagree to the supporting point Recommendation; stating the writer' recommendation of the discourse

Language Feature of Discussion

Introducing category or generic participant Using thinking verb; feel, hope, believe, etc Using additive, contrastive, and causal connection; similarly, on the hand, however, etc Using modalities; must, should, could, may, etc Using adverbial of manner; deliberately, hopefully, etc http://bos-sulap.blogspot.com/2010/02/what-is-discussion.html

Hacking: Pro and Contra?

Do you know what a hacker is? Well, a hacker is a person who enjoys exploring the details of programmable systems on computers and they like to stretch the capability of the systems. And you know what, the activities they do in the computers are called hacking. So, whats the problem with hacking and its hackers? Well, the problem is whether hacking and its hackers is legal or illegal? What I mean is that people in the world have many different views about hacking and the hackers. Some of them take sides, but many object. To get back to what I was saying previously, let us see the positive points of a hacker, shall we? Although in most places breaking into computer systems is considered illegal, I believe that hackers dont do anything illegal because they only want to know and try the systems. I dare to say that a hacker likes finding the strengths and the weaknesses of a computer system. They feel proud if they can find the weaknesses. So I dont really see the crimes in this case. In addition, these hackers sometimes help the police catch the white collar criminals, such as bank robbers, money launderers, credit card forgers. For example, in 2000, the U.S. hackers caught some Singaporean hackers who made Virus Love to break up the programs of the U.S. National Security system. Nevertheless, those who object to the good points of a hacker say that hacking is a crime. The reason is that some hackers use their brilliant skills to break into banks and other vital institutions where they can get money, destroy information, and the worst thing is they can get secret information and sell it to another country. This is a treachery. Take for example, in 1994, The U.S. government broke a conspiracy of computer hackers out of Majorca, Spain. These hackers were responsible for accessing and eliminating 190,000 telephone credit card numbers over computer bulletin boards in America and Europe. Seeing this fact, I dont blame those who think negatively about hackers. To put the whole thing in a nut shell, I personally think that hackers are not bad people with their brilliant skills. However, they could be bad because of money orientation to get the wealth. Thats just the point.
http://bos-sulap.blogspot.com/2010/10/contoh-discussion-text-hacking.html

EXPLANATION
Purpose: To explain the processes involved in the formation or working of natural or socio-cultural phenomena.

Generic Structure:
1. General statement 2. Explanation 3. Closing

Dominant Language Features:

1. Using Simple Present Tense 2. Using action verbs 3. Using passive voice 4. Using noun phrase 5. Using adverbial phrase 6. Using technical terms 7. Using general and abstract noun 8. Using conjunction of time and cause-effect. http://bos-sulap.blogspot.com/2010/09/jenis-jenis-english-text.html

How Chocolate is Made

Have we wondered how we get chocolate from? Well this time we will enter the amazing world of chocolate so we can understand exactly we are eating. Chocolate starts a tree called cacao tree. This tree grows in equatorial regions, especially in place such as South America, Africa, and Indonesia. The cacao tree produces a fruit about the size of a small pine apple. Inside the fruits are the tree's seeds. They are also known as coco beans. Next, the beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun. After that they are shipped to the chocolate maker. The chocolate maker starts by roasting the beans to bring out the flavour. Different beans from different places have different qualities and flavour. So they are often shorted and blended to produce a distinctive mix. The next process is winnowing. The roasted beans are winnowed to remove the meat nib of the cacao bean from its shell. Then the nibs are blended. The blended nibs are ground to make it a liquid. The liquid is called chocolate liquor. It tastes bitter. All seeds contain some amount of fat and cacao beans are not different. However, cacao beans are half fat, which is why the ground nibs from liquid. It is pure bitter chocolate. http://bos-sulap.blogspot.com/2010/10/explanation-text-examples-how-chocolate.html

REVIEW
Purpose: to critique or evaluate an art work or event for a public audience

dominant Generic Structure:

1. Orientation 2. Evaluation 3. Interpretative Recount 4. Evaluative Summation

Dominant Language features:

1. Focus on specific participants 2. Using adjectives 3. Using long and complex clauses 4. Using metaphor http://bos-sulap.blogspot.com/2010/09/jenis-jenis-english-text.html

Harry Potter: Order of the phoenix

Orientation: I absolutely love the Harry Potter series, and of the books will always hold a special place in my heart. Evaluation: I have to say that of all the books, however, this was not my favorite. When the series began it was as much of a feel good experience as a huge mug of hot cocoa. The stories were bright, fast-paced. Intriguing, and ultimately satisfying. Interpretative recount: Order of the phoenix is a different kind of book. In some instances this works you feel a whole new level of intensity and excitement by the time you get to the end. I was truly moved by the last page. Others times the look just has a slightly dreary, depressing feel. The galloping pace of the other books has showed to a trot here, and parts of it do seem long, as if were reading all about Harry just hanging out instead of having his usual adventures. Reading in detail about Harry cleaning up on old house, for example-housekeeping is still housekeeping, magical or no, and Im not very interested in doing it or reading about other people doing it. Evaluative summation: A few other changes in this book the real world comes much more in to play either than the fantasy universe of the previous books and Harry has apparently been taken off his meds. I know that he had a lot to be grumpy in this book, especially with being a teenager and all, but the sudden change in his character seemed too drastic. He goes from being a warmhearted, considerate person to someone who will bite his best friends heads off over nothing. It just seemed like it didnt fit his character, like he turned into a walking click of the angry teen overnight. The real story seemed to happen in the last 1/3 of the book, and this part I loved. I actually like the ending (and yes. I cried!) as sad as it was. It packed a pouch and it made me care about the story even more. Still a really good book, with some editing it would have been great.
http://wedapossible-smile.blogspot.com/2009/08/example-review-text.html?zx=47aede7c262f47a9