DBMSS

z The Database Management System (DBMS) is the

software that manage (builds and maintains) the
database.
database
z This includes Adding, Deleting and Changing
records in the database.
z The DBMS will also control access to the data.
z A financier user, for example, may not be able to view
personnel data,, even though
p g both finance and personnel
p
data are kept in the same database.

ITM Lecture 5
Advanced Diploma (Thames College) 1
DBMSS
z The DBMS makes it easier for programmers to
develop application systems.

ITM Lecture 5
Advanced Diploma (Thames College) 2
Functions
Fu ct o s of
o a DBMSS
z What
are the functions performed by a
DBMS?
z Record
d C
Creation andd Updates
d
z Record Selection byy Search Criteria
z Minimize Data Redundancy
z Security

ITM Lecture 5
Advanced Diploma (Thames College) 3
Record
eco d Creation
C eat o and
a d Updates
z The database is maintained by the user
creating, deleting or amending records.
z The
Th D Database
b M Management SSystem will ill also
l
allow the user to process selected groups of
records, the whole file or individual records.
z This is accomplished by selecting the
required option from a menu displayed on
the video screen or by keying in the relevant
command from the keyboard.
ITM Lecture 5
Advanced Diploma (Thames College) 4
Record Selection by Search Criteria
z Involve the extraction of information from the selected
records according to specified search criteria.
z A database has searching facilities ranging from limited
searches on keywords to full text searching.
z This facility provides the means of extracting from a large
volume
l off data
d usefulf l facts
f which
hi h could
ld not possibly
ibl bbe
found by physical search methods in sufficient time to
make a decision
decision.
z A query language is used to specify the search criteria.
z This language facilitates enquiries using English-style word
to define commands, so greatly assisting users to find the
information theyy are seeking.g
ITM Lecture 5
Advanced Diploma (Thames College) 5
Minimizee Data
ata Redundancy
edu da cy
z If a data element or record (e
(e.g.
g an
employee address) appears twice in an
organization's
i ti ' records,
d this
thi is
i called
ll d Data
D t
Redundancy, since logically, it should not
be necessary to hold the data twice, hence
one copypy is redundant.
z In a database, data redundancy should be
eliminated,
li i t d or att least,
l t minimized
i i i d andd this
thi
is the task of the DBMS.
ITM Lecture 5
Advanced Diploma (Thames College) 6
Securityy
z TheDatabase Management System is also
responsible for providing security for the
d t b
database, ensuring
i against
i t unauthorized
th i d
access and data corruption.
z Forexample, if many end-users are given
access to common data,, there must be a wayy
of controlling that access to ensure that no
w users are able
two b to changeg the data
simultaneously.

ITM Lecture 5
Advanced Diploma (Thames College) 7
Advantages
dva tages of
o Databases
atabases
z Reduces data duplication which occurs
using conventional file structure.
z Avoids duplicating input data to update
multiple
p functionalityy independent
p files
holding the same date.
z Offers
Off r useful
f l query
r andd rreport
p rt generation
r ti
languages.
z Provides fast and flexible access to
information
information.
ITM Lecture 5
Advanced Diploma (Thames College) 8
Disadvantages
sadva tages of
o Database
atabase
z Data structures in a database are complex
and therefore takes a longer time to design
andd iimplement.
l t
z Costs more than conventional file systems.
y
z Requires high caliber, experienced and
specialized
p i liz d p personnel.
r l

ITM Lecture 5
Advanced Diploma (Thames College) 9
 Value Chain Model
Value Chain Model: 價值鏈模式
z Highlights the primary or support activities adding a
margin
i off value
l tto products
d t or services
i
突險企業中某些最佳應用競爭策略的特殊活動.服務

z Helps achieve a competitive advantage

有效加強競爭力

Information
systems,organizations,management,
2008/4/2 and strategy 10