HISTURY UF DEVELUPMENT UF NURSINC PRUFESSIUN, CHARACTERISTICS, CRITERIA

UF THE PRUFESSIUN, PERSPECTIVE UF NURSINC PRUFESSIUN -NATIUNAL, CLUBAL.

INTRUDUCTIUN:-
Notsloq os oo ott ote to be coltlvoteJ ooJ o ptofessloo to be followeJ ls moJeto ootsloq os o
ptoctlse otlqlooteJ lo tbe Jlm post wbete some motbets omooq tbe cove Jwellets cooleJ tbe
fotebeoJ of bet slck cbllJ wltb wotet ftom tbe btook
5ir wi//iom Os/er
1he word 'hlsLory' brlngs Lo our mlnd a chronologlcal record or accounL of pasL evenLs and
developmenL 8uL Lhe sLudy of hlsLory of nurslng ls noL merely meanL for learnlng all Lhe daLes of
hlsLorlc evenLs lL ls Lo undersLand Lhe changes LhaL occurred ln Lerms of rellglon economy and
pollLlcs ln Lhe varlous culLures of Lhe world Lhrough Lhe ages and how Lhese changes lnfluenced
nurslng and broughL lL Lo Lhe presenL day sLaLus of a professlon
uurlng Lhe Mlddle Ages nurslng was carrled ouL by rellglous or mlllLary groups by carlng
poor and desLlLuLe 1he nurslng needs of Lhe slck aL home were meL by Lhe members of Lhe famlly lL
was Lhe evoluLlon of medlclne surgery lnLo compllcaLed Lechnlcal area requlrlng many procedures
Lo be performed by persons speclally Lralned and havlng undersLandlng of sclenLlflc prlnclples whlch
broughL Lhe Lwo professlons closer LogeLher
HISTURICAL UVERVIEW:-
1he hlsLorlcal overvlew of nurslng reflecLs Lhe developmenL of nurslng from early Llmes Lo
modern era
Nursing in Pre-bistoric or Primitive Period:-
1hough Lhe arL of heallng began Lhousands of years ago yeL Lhe anclenL hlsLory reveals no
record of nurslng ln prehlsLorlc Llmes WhaL we know abouL Lhe care of slck ln prlmlLlve Llmes has
been dlscovered Lhrough myLhs songs and Lhe research of archaeologlsLs
lrom Lhe Llme of flrsL moLher down Lo LhaL of Lhe modern moLher we flnd women
proLecLlng carlng for Lhelr chlldren Lhe aged and Lhe slck members of Lhe famlly nurslng evolved as
an lnLulLlve response Lo Lhe deslre Lo keep healLhy and provlde comforL Lo Lhe slck
Nursing in Early Cbristian Era { AD - AD]:-
no formal educaLlon or Lralnlng was expecLed for women carlng for slck or dlsabled uurlng
Lhls perlod Lhe ueaconesses an order of ChrlsLlan women who served Lhe slck and poor were
ordalned hoebe of Cenchraea dedlcaLed her llfe Lo nurslng and was called Lhe f|rst v|s|t|ng nurse
Nursing in Early Middle Age {- AD]:-
8y Mlddle Ages (3001000) Au nurslng has become an organlsed servlce MosL nurses were
parL of rellglous orders 8uL Lhe fall of Lhe mlghLy 8oman Lmplre by lnvaslon of barbarlc Lrlbes ln
8ome durlng Lhls perlod broughL abouL Lhe dlsorganlzaLlon ln Lhe socleLy 8oman armles were
dlsbanded roads and brldges were desLroyed and hlghway robbery and homes were desLroyed or
Laken over Many rellglous orders were dlsbanded and women were expecLed Lo devoLe Lhelr Llme
and energles Lo Lhelr own famllles and home lnsLead of glvlng care Lo slck 1hls perlod ls referred as
Lhe ark Age of Nurs|ng
ln response Lo Lhls desplLe poverLy confuslon and pollLlcal unresL Lhe monaster|es and
nunner|es were developed by monks and nuns 1hroughouL Lhe mlddle ages Lhey provlde medlcal
and nurslng care Lo Lhe Lravellers poor and Lhe needy
Nursing in Late Middle Ages {- AD]:-
ln Lurope many nurslng orders were developed durlng Lhls Llme 1hey were

1 ,|||tary nurs|ng orders
2 ranc|scan orders
3 ecu|ar orders
Nursing Needs of Society in {-8 AD]:-
ollLlcal and lndusLrlal revoluLlon Lhe 8enalssance affecLed nurslng for Lhe perlod 1300
1830 Au uurlng 8enalssance new ldeas were developed ln arL archlLecLure llLeraLure and medlclne
buL lefL no Lrace on nurslng uurlng Lhls perlod nurses were poorly fed overworked and lllLreaLed
Cnly Lhose who could noL flnd a beLLer [ob Look up nurslng nurses lacked Lhe necessary sklll and
moral sLandard ln 1663 t Lou|se de ,ar|||ac Le Gras asslsLed t V|ncent de au| ln organlzlng Lhe
|sters of Char|ty

1he kev|va| of the eaconesses
ln 1836 1heodor ||edner revlved Lhe order of eaconesses ln ka|serwerth ln Germany
wlLh Lhe help of hls wlfe reder|ka ,unster
Modern Nursing:-
llorence nlghLlngale has been called Lhe founder of modern nurslng"
1he Nlghtlngule School ut St. 1homux Hoxpltul: -
AfLer Lhe Crlmean War a fund was ralsed Lo sLarL a 1ralnlng School for nurses and ln une
1860 N|ght|nga|e 1ra|n|ng choo| was opened aL t 1homas nosp|ta| ln London
Nursing in India: -
1he lndlan books on Ayurveda whlch are ln elghL parLs cover Lhe whole fleld of medlcal
sclence lncludlng nurslng care ln lndla
evelopment of Nurxlng Servlcex: -
8y Lhe end of Lhe 19
Lh
cenLury dlfferenL Lypes of hosplLals came lnLo exlsLence whlch helped
ln Lhe developmenL of nurslng ln lndla 1hey were
1 ,|||tary nosp|ta|s
2 C|v|||an nosp|ta|s
3 ,|ss|on nosp|ta|
4 uffer|n nosp|ta|
Nurxlng FJucutlon: - 1he Nurxlng FJucutlon Progrummex ln InJlu lx xhown ln the tuble
below: -
|
No
rogrammes Lntry
requ|rement
urat|on of tudy Lxam|nat|ons No Cf
Inst|tut|ons(as
on eb 2007)
1 AnM 10
Lh
sLandard 2 years SnC/uML 147
2 CnM 10+2(ArLs
/Sclence)
3 1/2years SnC/uML/SL8 1484
3 8Sc(8aslc) 10+2(Sclence) 4 years unlverslLy 763
4 8Sc(osL
8aslc)
CnM 2 years(8egular)
3 years (ulsLance)
unlverslLy 72
3 MSc 8Sc+2years 2years unlverslLy 86
6 Mhll MSc 1year(lull Llme)
2years(arL Llme)
unlverslLy 4
7 hu MSc/Mhll 33 years unlverslLy 6
Note NC SLaLe nurslng Councll ,L ulrecLor Medlcal LducaLlon L8 SLaLe LxamlnaLlon 8oard
CHARACTERISTICS, CRITERIA UF PRUFESSIUN: -
A ptofessloo ls deflned as an educaLlon wlLh eLhlcal componenLs LhaL ls devoLed Lo Lhe
promoLlon of human and soclal welfare"
Cbaracteristics of a Profession: -
A professlon has Lhe followlng prlmary characLerlsLlcs
1 A professlon has lLs own body of knowledge based on soclal and sclenLlflc prlnclples
2 1he members of a professlon uLlllze Lhls knowledge Lo ldenLlfy and solve problems
3 A professlon ls a form of employmenL especlally one LhaL ls respecLed ln socleLy as
honourable and ls posslble only for an educaLed person and afLer Lralnlng ln some speclal
branch of knowledge
4 A professlon has servlce alm as well as academlc and LheoreLlcal alm 1he servlces offered by
a professlon are ln response Lo Lhe needs of Lhe socleLy and are fundamenLal Lo Lhe
promoLlon of human and soclal welfare
3 A professlon consLanLly enlarges lLs body of knowledge Lhrough research ln order Lo lmprove
lLs servlces Lo Lhe socleLy
6 A professlon deLermlnes Lhe quallflcaLlons necessary for Lhose who enLer ln Lo pracLlce
7 A professlon has a code of eLhlcs
8 A professlon recognlzes lLs responslblllLles Lo develop educaLlonal programmes ln
cooperaLlon wlLh Lhe educaLlonal lnsLlLuLlons ln order Lo offer speclallzed sLudy and pracLlce
requlred Lo learn Lhe meLhods of servlce develop skllls for Lhe beLLer servlce of Lhe socleLy
Criteria of Nursing Profession: -
N StunJurJx of Nurxlng Pructlce: -
1 Assessment
2 |agnos|s
3 Cutcome Ident|f|cat|on
4 |ann|ng
Imp|ementat|on
6 Lva|uat|on
N StunJurJx of Profexxlonul Performunce: -
1 ua||ty of pract|ce
2 Lducat|on
3 rofess|ona| ract|ce Lva|uat|on
4 Co||eg|a||ty
Co||aborat|on
6 Lth|cs
7 kesearch
8 kesource Ut|||zat|on
9 Leadersh|p
PERSPECTIVE UF NURSINC PRUFESSIUN-NATIUNAL, CLUBAL......
Nursing Profession - national perspective: -
1he llsLs of opporLunlLles avallable ln lndla are glven under
1 SLaff nurse
2 Ward slsLer or ward ln charge
3 AsslsLanL nurslng SuperlnLendenL
4 uepuLy nurslng superlnLendenL
3 nurslng SuperlnLendenL
6 CommunlLy PealLh nurse (CPn)
7 1eachlng ln nurslng
8 lndusLrlal nurses
9 School healLh nurses
10MlllLary nurse
11nurslng servlce abroad
12 nurslng servlce admlnlsLraLlve poslLlons

Slnce lLs lncepLlon Lhe governmenL of lndla ls Laklng parL ln Lhe developmenL of nurslng
professlon ln splLe of havlng good scope ln Lhe fleld of nurslng Lhe nurses of lndla are sLlll ln a
poslLlon of dlssaLlsfacLlon
Nursing Profession - Clobal Perspective: -
1oday's nursewheLher ln 8alLlmore 8elruL or 8angkokls a global nurse
Clobal Issues in Nursing Profession: -
1 Lxpans|on of Lmp|oyment Cpportun|t|es lL lncludes C||n|c|an Advanced ract|ce Nurse
Nurse Lducator Nurse Adm|n|strator Nurse kesearcher
2 Nurs|ng's Impact on o||t|cs and nea|th o||cy
3 1echno|og|ca| Advancements and Nurs|ng Informat|cs
4 Lv|denced 8ased ract|ce
Competency
6 ,|grat|on
7 hortage of Nurses A|| over the Wor|d
8 V|o|ence and |ack of ersona| afety |n Workp|ace
CUNCLUSIUN
1he hlsLory of nurslng ls from Lhe hlsLory of manklnd 1he presenL nurslng professlon ls as a
resulL of number of changes LhaL Look place ln Lhe socleLy 8ecause of Lhe conLlnuous supporL of Lhe
nurse leaders Loday nurslng ls noL only an honorable professlon buL also an essenLlal modern
occupaLlon all over world 1hls ls one of Lhe greaLesL of humanlLarlan servlces and all people
wheLher lll or well rlch or poor llLeraLe or llllLeraLe young or old aL work or play ln or ouL of
hosplLal are ln some way or oLher dlrecLly or lndlrecLly closely assoclaLed wlLh lL
REFERENCES:
1 1he 8oard of nurslng LducaLlon nurses League ChrlsLlan Medlcal AssoclaLlon of lndla (SouLh
lndla 8ranch) ' 1ext 8ook lot Notses lo loJlo vol1 3
Lh
LdlLlon 8 l ubllcaLlons vL LLd
Chennal 2008 g 0186
2 1he 8oard of nurslng LducaLlon nurses League ChrlsLlan Medlcal AssoclaLlon of lndla (SouLh
lndla 8ranch) '9tofessloool Jjostmeots ooJ tblcs lot Notses lo loJlo 6
Lh
LdlLlon 8 l
ubllcaLlons vL LLd Chennal 1993 g 0723
3 1he 1ralned nurses' AssoclaLlon of lndla 'looJomeotols of Notsloq 9toceJote Mooool 1
sL

LdlLlon 1nAl ubllcaLlons new uelhl 2003 g 0303
4 lnLerneL Sources
*hLLp//wwwselfgrowLhcom/arLlcles/
*hLLp//nurslngcrlbcom/nurslngnoLesrevlewer/