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CLIENT: DELHI METRO RAIL CORPORATION. VENUE: Shastri Park. DATE: November 01, 2006. TRAINING PROGRAM

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Uninterrupted Power Supply

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Clean Power (Pure Sine Wave) is the most suitable for electric appliances such as Computer, Server, etc. because clean power gives only pure electric power without any power problems. Unfortunately power from a supply point is not a steady flow of electricity. There are numerous variations in supply, including sudden impulses, bursts, dip, power generating factory, natural disaster and etc. Some of these variations can be highly destructive to sensitive equipment. Here are power supply problems Clean Power

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CauseCause by resident or company locates near the electricity transporting station or electric generating factory. Effect Depreciate life span of the electric appliances and sometime cause the system failure.

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CauseOccur when there is an exceed demand of electricity or locate far from electricity transporting station. Effect Can cause computer malfunction, damage hardware and sometime cause the system failure.

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CauseExcessive demand of power the grid, lightning storms, ice on power lines, car accidents, backhoes, earthquakes, etc. Effect Loss of current work in RAM or cache, possible loss of hard drive File Allocation Table (FAT) resulting in total loss of data stored on drive.

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CauseHigh-powered electrical motors, such as household appliances in the vicinity. When this equipment is switched off, the extra voltage is dissipated through the power line. Effect Computer and similar sensitive electronic devices are designed to receive power within a certain voltage range. Anything outside of expected peak and RAM (considered the "average" voltage) levels will stress delicate components and cause premature failure.

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CauseTypically caused by the start-up power demands of many electrical Devices (including motors, compressors, etc.), sags are also the electric utilities' means of coping with extraordinary power demands. In a procedure known as "Rolling Brownouts", the utility will systematically lower voltage levels in certain areas for hours or days at a time. Hot summer day, when air condition requirements are at their peak, will often prompt rolling brownouts

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Effect A sag can "starve" a computer of the power it need to function, causing frozen keyboards and unexpected system crashed with the end result being the loss or corruption of data. Sags also reduce the efficiency and life span of electrical equipment, particularly motors.

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CauseTypically caused by a nearby lighting strike, spikes can also occur when utility power comes back on line after having been knocked out in a storm or as the result of a car accident. Effect Catastrophic damage to hardware. High voltage impulses can blow holes in delicate micro-chip traces. Also effect include corrupted data, printer or terminal errors, and data processing.

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CauseCause by many factors and phenomena, including lighting, load switching, generators, radio transmitters and equipment.It may be intermittent or chronic. Effect Introduce glitches and error into executable programs and data files.

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Did you know that... POWER PROBLEMSare the largest cause of data loss? Others 6.70 HVAC Failure Human Error or Sabotage 2.30 3.20 Network Outage 4.50 Earthquake 5.50 Flood & Water Damage 6.70 Hardware or Software Error 8.20 File or Explosion 9.40 Power Failure (include Surge) 45.30 Causes %

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TRUE POWER QUALITY PERCEIVED POWER QUALITY UPS VOLTAGE REGAULATOR SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICE (SPD/TVSS) TRANSIENT NOISE FILTERS WIRING BONDING GROUNDING GROUNDING BONDING WIRING SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICE (SPD/TVSS) TRANSIENT NOISE FILTERS VOLTAGE REGULATOR UPS REACTIVE IMPROVED UPTIME PROACTIVE DAMAGE PREVENTION POWER QUALITY STRATEGY 21

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Type of UPS

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1. OFF LINE / STANDBY UPS. Inexpensive. Cost effective choice for small and less critical & standalone application e.g. PCs, Peripherals. Simple & hence reliable. Rides out more than 90% of mains outages. Overall effectiveness 55% 22

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2. LINE INTERACTIVE UPS Highly effective power conditioning and UPS backup. Most suited for application areas where power outages are rare but there are frequent voltage fluctuations. Accepts wide range of input voltage variation (+15% to 25% ) Higher energy efficiency Overall effectives 85% 25

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Stabilizer

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3.ON LINE UPS Full featured. Provides highest level of Power protection and power conditioning and backup. Zero switchover time during mains outages. Completely Regenerated output power and not just conditioning of the mains power as in Off-line or Line-Interactive UPS. Provides frequency regulation (Essential for operation with backup D.G. sets) Overall effectiveness 100% 28

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UPS EFFECTIVENESS CHART 30

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Load capacity in steady state (kVA) Inrush current drawn by the biggest part of the load. Battery backup time. UPS control, monitoring and communication capabilities. UPS configuration and technology Diagnostics, (Training) and maintenance aspects. IMPORTANT UPS SPECIFICATIONS. 31

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Bypass Supply Static Bypass line Maintenance Bypass Isolator Mains supply Static Bypass Isolator RECTIFIER INVERTER Static SWITCH UPS OUTPUTS SUPPLY Input isolator BATTERY Battery Isolator Output Isolator SINGLE MODULE UPS SYSTEM Maintenance Bypass Line 29

PARALLEL REDUNDANT UPS WITH :

PARALLEL REDUNDANT UPS WITH RECTIFIER STATIC SWITCH INVERTER Mains Supply UPS Output Supply BATTERY 1+1 PARALLEL CONTROL RECTIFIER STATIC SWITCH INVERTER Mains Supply 1+1 PARALLEL CONTROL Common Batt. Panel Control Logic Bypass Supply Bypass Supply 34

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END OF SESSION