Venn Diagram of three sets

1. In a survey of children who saw three different shows at Walt Disney World, the following information was gathered:

39 children liked The Little Mermaid 43 children liked 101 Dalmatians 56 children liked Mickey Mouse 7 children liked The Little Mermaid and 101 Dalmatians 10 children liked The Little Mermaid and Mickey Mouse 16 children liked 101 Dalmatians and Mickey Mouse 4 children liked The Little Mermaid, 101 Dalmatians, and Mickey Mouse 6 children did not like any of the shows

Answer the following questions:

How many students were surveyed? How many liked The Little Mermaid only? How many liked 101 Dalmatians only? How many liked Mickey Mouse only?

1. Twenty-four dogs are in a kennel. Twelve of the dogs are black, six of the dogs have short tails, and fifteen of the dogs have long hair. There is only one dog that is black with a short tail and long hair. Two of the dogs are black with short tails and do not have long hair. Two of the dogs have short tails and long hair but are not black. If all of the dogs in the kennel have at least one of the mentioned characteristics, how many dogs are black with long hair but do not have short tails?

Solution:
Draw a Venn diagram to represent the situation described in the problem. Represent the number of dogs that you are looking for with x.

Notice that the number of dogs in each of the three categories is labeled OUTSIDE of the circle in a colored box. This number is a reminder of the total of the numbers which may appear anywhere inside that particular circle. After you have labeled all of the conditions listed in the problem, use this OUTSIDE box number to help you determine how many dogs are to be labeled in the empty sections of each circle. Once you have EVERY section in the diagram labeled with a number or an expression, you are ready to solve the problem. Add together EVERY section in the diagram and set it equal to the total number of dogs in the kennel (24). Do NOT use the OUTSIDE box numbers. 9 - x + 2 + 1 + 1 + 2 + x + 12 - x = 24 27 - x = 24 x = 3 (There are 3 dogs which are black with long hair but do not have a short tail.)

Suppose I discovered that my cat had a taste for the adorable little geckoes that live in the bushes and vines in my yard, back when I lived in Arizona. In one month, suppose he deposited the following on my carpet: six gray geckoes, twelve geckoes that had dropped their tails in an effort to escape capture, and fifteen geckoes that he'd chewed on a little. Only one of the geckoes was gray, chewed on, and tailless; two were gray and tailless but not chewed on; two were gray and chewed on but not tailless. If there were a total of 24 geckoes left on my carpet that month, and all of the geckoes were at least one of "gray", "tailless", and "chewed on", how many were tailless and chewed on but not gray? If I work through this step-by-step, using what I've been given, I can figure out what I need in order to answer the question. This is a problem that takes some time and a few steps to solve. There was one gecko that was gray, tailless, and chewed on, so I'll draw my Venn diagram with three overlapping circles, and put "1" in the center overlap:

Two were gray and tailless but not chewed on, so "2" goes in the rest of the overlap between "gray" and "tailless".

Two were gray and chewed on but not tailless, so "2" goes in the rest of the overlap between "gray" and "chewed-on".

Since a total of six were gray, and since 2 + 1 + 2 = 5 have already been accounted for, this tells me that there was only one left that was only gray.

This leaves me needing to know how many were tailless and chewed on but not gray, which is what the problem asks for. Since I don't know how many were only chewed on or only tailless, I cannot yet figure out the answer. I'll let "x" stand for this unknown number of tailless, chewed-on geckoes.

I do know the total number of chewed geckoes (15) and the total number of tailless geckoes (12). This gives me: only chewed on:

15 2 1 x = 12 x

only tailless:

12 2 1 x = 9 x

There were a total of 24 geckoes for the month, so adding up all the sections of the diagram's circles gives me:

1 + 2 + 1 + 2 + x + (12 x) + (9 x) = 27 x = 24
Solving, I get that x

= 3.

Copyright Elizabeth Stapel 1999-2009 All Rights Reserved

Three geckoes were tailless and chewed on but not gray.

Draw a Venn diagram to represent the relationship between the sets

X = {1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9}, Y = {1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8} and Z = {3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10} Solution: We find that X Y Z = {5, 6}, X Y = {1, 5, 6}, Y Z = {3, 5, 6, 8} and X Z = {5, 6, 7} For the Venn diagram: Step 1 : Draw three overlapping circles to represent the three sets. Step 2 : Write down the elements in the intersection X Y Z Step 3 : Write down the remaining elements in the intersections: X Y, Y Z and X Z Step 4 : Write down the remaining elements in the respective sets. Again, notice that you start filling the Venn diagram from the elements in the intersection first.

DIRECTIONS: Use Venn diagrams to answer each of the following questions. You must show your Venn diagram for each problem. 1. A survey of 80 sophomores at a certain western college showed the following: 36 take English 32 take political science 16 take political science and history 6 take all three How many students: 32 take history 16 take history and English 14 take political science and English

a) take English and neither of the other two? b) Take none of the three courses? c) take history, but neither of the other two?

____________ ____________ ____________

d) take political science and history but not English?____________ e) do not take political science? _____________

2. The following list shows the preference of 102 people at a wine-tasting party: 99 like Spanada 96 like Ripple 99 like Boones Farm Apple Wine 95 like Spanada and Ripple How many people prefer: a) none of the three? b) Spanada, but not Ripple? c) anything but Boones Farm? d) exactly two kinds of wine? ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ 94 like Ripple and Boones 96 like Spanasa and Boones 93 like all three

3. A chicken farmer surveyed his flock with the following results. The farmer Has: 9 fat red roosters(male) 37 fat chickens 6 thin red roosters 2 fat red hens 7 thin brown hens 5 thin red hens 26 fat roosters (total) 18 thin brown roosters Answer the following questions about the flock(HINT: in your Venn diagram make a circle for fat, for male and for red). How many chickens are: a) fat? __________ b) red? ___________ c) male? _________

d) fat, but not male? _________ e) read and fat? _________

e) brown, but not fat? ________

4. Country-Western songs emphasize three basic themes: love, prison and trucks. A survey or the local Country-Western radio station produced the following data:

12 songs about a truck driver who is in love while in prison 2 about people in prison who are not in love and do not drive trucks 8 about people who are out of prison, are not in love, and do not drive a truck 13 about a prisoner in love 28 about a person in love 18 about a truck driver in love 16 about truck drivers who are not in prison 3 about a truck driver in prison who is not in love Find the number of songs about: a) How many songs were surveyed? _________b) truck drivers? ______ c) prisoners? __________ d) truck drivers in prison? ______ ______

e) people not in prison?

__________f) people not in love?

5. In a certain hospital, the following data on patients were recorded: 25 patients had the A antigen 17 had the A and the B antigen 27 had the B antigen 22 had the B and Rh antigens How many patients: a) are represented here? b) have exactly one antigen? c) have exactly two antigens? ANSWERS 1. a. 12 2. a. 0 3 a. 37 4 a. 51 4 a. 54 _________ __________ ________ 30 had the Rh antigen 12 had none of the antigens 16 had the A and Rh antigen 15 had all three antigens

b. b. b. b. b.

20 4 22 31 17

c. c. c. c. c.

6 3 50 18 10

d. d. d. d.

10 0 11 15

e. e. e. e.

48 6 25 f. 11 33 f. 23