PAKISTAN RAIWAYS Prepared For Sir Shehzad Business English

Prepared By AsfandYar Khan Usman Ali Quratul-ainHasnain Mohammad Khan Department MBA Iqra University

28th March.2011

Dedication
We dedicate this project to our Teacher Mr. Shehzad. Who gave us the opportunity to learn, it was really an experiencing project for all of us. We have experienced many things from this project. You have been a key who guided us. May you have all the happiness of the world.

Acknowledgement Mr. Hamid Bashir Mr. Shehzad Ali Mr. Nisar Ahmed Mr. Asif Ali

Quetta Railway Station is one of the highest railway stations in Pakistan at 1,676 meters (5,495 Ft) above sea level. The railway track was laid in 1890's during the British era to link Quetta with rest of the country. Prisoners were being forced to help the engineers in making railway tunnels all over the Balochistan. Since 2008 railway service has come under attack by the antis, especially in the Bolan Pass area resulting in the bomb blast on the railway tracks and firing on trains, creating a sense of insecurity amongst the traveling public. Railway stations in Balochistan: Quetta Abi e gum Sibi Mach Kolpur Peshi BakhtiarabadDomki Dera ALLAH yar Deramuradjamali Sariab SpezandJn WalikhanMastung road Kanak Sheikh wasil Kirdagap Galangur Kishingi Noshki Ahmedwal Padag road Yakmach Azad Nokandi Alamreg Tozghi Koh e taftan Mirjawa Khan Mohammad chah

From the past few years the timings of railways has been seriously destroyed. The journey which is supposed to be at the last station within 36 hours takes about 45 to 50 hours.

There are three main trains that leave from Quetta. 1. Jaffer Express. 2. Quetta Express. 3. Bolan mail. Jaffer express has nine bogies. Two of them are AC SLEEPER one is Lower AC and six of them are economy class. Quetta express has nine bogies. Only one sleeper bogie is there and rests of them are economy class. Bolan main has six bogies. One lower AC and the rest of them are economy class. We negotiated with some of the passengers. They said few things written above Mr. Hamids point of view: Timing of the trains had gotten worst. Trains wobble too much. When it reaches the station it stays there for 2 hours. Our Railway will not succeed until corruption is there.

Mr. Shehzads point of view: In the engine six motors works to run the train and we have only two of them. There is no proper way of cleaning. Windows glasses are missing. Bulbs are missing. Locks arent there. The door stuck whenever we try to open it.

Drivers point of view: The administration is corrupt. Delays the salary every time. The salary is very low. I am unable to run my house. I have to work more than the working hours to keep my house running. The engine i run is 23 years old, and havent been tuned since last 3 years. My experience is keeping this engine running.

When it comes to the engines huge disappointment is there. Balochistan Railways has fourteen engines, only four engines are in working conditions. Remaining ten are waiting to be repaired, due to the lack of parts and funds railways sector is unable to refurnish them.

Passenger
Passenger traffic comprises 50% of the total revenue annually. During 1999-2000, this amounted to Rs. 4.8 billion. Pakistan Railways carries 65 million passengers annually and daily operates 228 mails, express and passenger trains. Daily, PR carries an average of 178,000 people. Pakistan Railways also operates special trains during occasions such as Eid ul Fitr, Eid ul Azha and Independence Day.

Freight
The Freight Business Unit, with 12,000 personnel, operates over 200 freight stations on the railway network. The Unit serves the Ports of Karachi and Bin Qasim as well as all four provinces of the country and generates revenue from the movement of agricultural, industrial and imported products such as petroleum oil & lubricants (POL), wheat, coal, fertilizer, rock phosphate, cement and sugar. About 39% of the revenue is generated from the transportation of POL products, 19% from imported wheat, fertilizer and rock phosphate. The remaining 42% is earned from domestic traffic. Ticketing is always been the biggest difficulty for the passengers. Past few years had made it more difficult instead of making it easy. Source told us that tickets are being sold in black by Railway police. Railway police is selling tickets in black at the profit of 200-500. Moreover, St, Guard. Ticket checker are also involved in this.

Pakistan Locomotive Factory, Risalpur

The Pakistan Locomotive Factory at Risalpur, a public spread on an area of 251 acres (102 ha), was put into service in 1993 with the collaboration of Government of Japan at a total cost of Rs.2284.00 million, including a foreign exchange component of Rs.1496.00 million. The factory can produce two diesel-electric locomotives per month on single-shift basis, but this can be doubled by introducing a second working shift. The factory is equipped with the state-of-the-art equipment which can be employed in the building of diesel-electric locomotives of suitable horsepower, as well as electric locomotives with minor adjustments.

In PAKISTAN the railways engines are of 12 cylinders. Each engine fuel tank has a capacity of (6500 liters). The mileage is not counted by liters, it is counted by the Inchs level. In one inch it gives a mileage about 2-2.50 km.

Sukkur rail disaster

The Sukkur rail disaster occurred on January 4, 1990 in the village of Sangi near Sukkur in the Sindh Province of Pakistan. 307 people were killed making it Pakistan's worst rail disaster. The train (Bahaudddin Zakaria Express) concerned was on a 500mile overnight run from Multan to Karachi and was carrying many more passengers in its 16 carriages than its 1408 seat capacity. It was supposed to pass straight through the village of Sangi but incorrectly set points sent it into a siding where it collided with an empty 67-car freight train at a speed of at least 35 mph.

Ghotki train crash

In its worst accident in recent years, three passenger trains collided on 13 July 2005, derailing 13 carriages and leaving at least 120 dead. The Karachi Express ran into the back of the Quetta Express while it was stopped at a station near Ghotki, and the Tezgam Express travelling in the opposite direction hit several of the derailed carriages. According to officials, the conductor of the Karachi Express misread a signal.

Super Parcel Express

On 21 August 2005, the upcountry Super Parcels Express derailed while crossing the Malir Bridge near Landhi in the Karachi Division. Eight bogies were substantially damaged when an axle broke due to over loading. The rail traffic was suspended for 24 hours. All down trains were terminated at Landhi and the rakes and the locos made the turnaround from Landhi.

Mehrabpur train derailment

On 19 December 2007, the train, Karachi Express, an express service from Karachi to Lahore, derailed near the town of Mehrabpur in the Sindh province of Pakistan. At around 2:25 a.m. local time, fourteen of the train's sixteen carriages left the tracks, some being mangled by the crash, others simply sliding down an embankment into the water. Sabotage and terrorism were ruled out as the reason for the crash, with officials believing a faulty track was the cause of the derailment.

Restructuring
In March 2010, the Pakistani government announced plans to split Pakistan Railways into four privatized businesses; focused on passenger operations, freight, infrastructure, and manufacturing. In February 2010, "unbundling" was proposed, with various activities being

outsourced, privatized, or operated separately. However, complete privatisation has been ruled out. In the past 20 years Pakistan railway has accomplished number of projects Contract Value Rs Million 16 11 190 37 10 5 10 15 2 5 20 2 2 5 22 14 16 6 32 147 26 7 1525 15 25 550 40 34 33

Sr. No

NAME OF PROJECT

Year of Completion

1 Development works in Railtown Housing Scheme, Lahore 2 Construction of Gogera Bridge on Shahdara-Sangla Hill 3 Construction of Fatima Jinnah Road-over Bridge at Karachi 4 Track Circuiting at 94 Main Line Stations (KYC-PSH Section) 5 Construction of Sheds at Lahore Dry Port, Lahore 6 Construction of Railway Bridge near Sibi, Quetta Division 7 Const. of Community Centers at Gambat and Ranipur, Sukkur Div. 8 Replacement of 40 Km of Track on Lahore-Rawalpindi Section 9 Construction of Double Track at Shershah, Multan 10 Const. of Shopping Centers at Larkana, Nawabshah and Sukkur 11 Construction of Margala Dry Port at Islamabad 12 Closing of Railway Bridge near Panoakil 13 Renovation of Ghotki Station, Sukkur 14 Construction of Washing Lines at Karachi 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Improvement to Cairn Hospital, LHR and Hasan Hospital, KHI Extension of Steel Sheds in Concrete Sleeper Factory, Sukkur Laying of PVC Cable on Karachi Division Construction of Box-Culvert Bridge at Dinga, Rawalpindi Div. Operation of Mechanized Quarries at Shaheenabad (3 year cont) Const. of Additional Bay at PR Carriage Factory at Islamabad Construction of Underpass at Renala Khurd Const. of Pipe Bridges on Mirpur Khas Khokharapar Section Operation of Track W/Shop & Machine Shops at Raiwind (5 years) Supply of Ballast on MPS Conversion project Supply of Ballast from DG Khan Quarry Track Machine Shop and Track Workshop at Raiwind Construction of 8 Bungalows in Mayo Gardens, Lahore Cable Laying for Signalling project on Karachi Division Construction of 4 Bungalows in Mayo Gardens, Lahore

1992-94 1993 1993-98 1993-2000 2001 2001 2001 2002 2002 2002 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2005 2005 2005 2002-2005 2004-2006 2004-2006 2004-2006 2001-2006 2005-2006 2005-2006 2006-2007 2006-2007 2006-2007 2007-2008

30 Cable Laying Project-II from Dadu to HBK 31 Special Repair to Bridge No.158 on Main Line (Karachi Division) Total

2007-2008 2007-2008

4 10 Rs.2.,836 million

International lines
Direct rail connections with China were proposed by Pervez Musharraf in 2006. A container train service from Pakistan to Turkey has been launched.[citation needed] Wikinews has related news: Pakistan to Turkey container train service launched In spring 2009, a rail link between Quetta and Zahedan (in Iran) was constructed, allowing Pakistan Railways direct access to Europe and the Middle East. A gauge changing station was constructed to the standard gauge at Zahedan and the Turkish Lake Van train ferry and the Marmaray Tunnel under the Bosphorus. It is planned to run container trains and through passenger trains. Pakistan plans to convert the Quetta line to standard gauge eventually.

General cooperation
China is actively involved in the development of Pakistan Railways and for the past five years it has been increasing its stake in the country's communication sector. Pakistan Railways is a stateowned company that provides an important mode of transportation in the furthest corners of the country. It has been a great integrating force and forms the lifeline of the country by catering to its needs for large-scale movement of people. The freight-passenger earnings comprise 50% of the railway's total revenue. Pakistan Railways carries 65 million passengers annually and operates 228 mails, express and passenger trains daily. It introduced new mail and express trains between major terminals from 2003 to 2005.

Pakistan Railways has recently entered several agreements with Chinese railway companies for its development. In 2001, Pakistan Railways signed a $91.89 million contract with China National Machinery Import and Export Corp for the manufacture of 175 new high-speed passenger coaches. The project was funded by Exim Bank China on a supplier credit basis. Forty completely built passenger coaches have been received and 105 will be assembled in Pakistan Railways' carriage factory by next December.

These coaches are being used on Pakistan Railways' mail and express trains from RawalpindiLahore-Karachi, Lahore-Faisalabad and Rawalpindi-Quetta. The manufacturing kits for the remaining 30 coaches have also been received and manufacturing is in progress. With 12 already assembled, the project is scheduled to be completed by next month. The passenger coaches are of the latest design and are equipped with disc brakes. The technology transfer for these coaches has been obtained from China's Chang Chun Car Co.

Under an agreement signed with China in 2003, Pakistan Railways purchased 69 locomotives, of which 15 were delivered as completely built units and are in use by Pakistan Railways. The remaining 54 are to be built at Pakistan Railways' locomotive factory. The Chinese locomotives are 37% cheaper than the European locomotives.

Some in Pakistan have been criticizing the faulty locomotives purchased by Pakistan Railways from Dong Fang Electric Corp of China. It is surprising that last year, Pakistan Railways decided to purchase 45 more 2,000-3,000-horsepower locomotives from the same company. The company is willing to redesign the already-delivered 30 locomotives of the original order, such that the underframe is strengthened and the weight reduced to less than 140 tons. Last year, as a result of an open bidding, a Chinese company, Beijing Research and Design Institute, is committed to providing 300 rail cars to Pakistan Railways.

Under another agreement signed in 2004 with China National Machinery and Equipment Group, the Chinese company is to undertake the construction of Corridor 1 of a light-rail mass-transit system for Karachi that is intended to serve 4 million commuters. The project will cost about $568 million and take four and a half years to complete. The contract has been awarded on a build-operate-transfer basis and comprises five corridors.

Pakistan signed a series of agreements with China during the past three years to enhance the capability of its railway system. Under an agreement signed between Pakistan and China Railway, a Chinese company will provide 1,300 freight cars to Pakistan Railways, of which 420 will be manufactured in China and the remaining 880 will be produced at the Moghalpura railway workshops in Lahore.

Under another project, 450 passenger coaches will be rehabilitated at an estimated cost of Rs2.14 billion. The project also includes the conversion of 40 coaches into air-conditioned cars and the

conversion of 10 power vans. Furthermore, there is a provision of 100 new high-speed bogies, 30 of which will be imported from China, while 70 will be manufactured locally on a transfer-oftechnology basis. Under a separate agreement, 175 new passenger coaches are being purchased from China.

As part of a $100 million agreement signed between Pakistan and China in November 2001, China is to export 69 modern locomotive engines to Pakistan to modernize Pakistan's railway fleet. The first eight engines have been completed and are ready for shipment to Karachi. The new engines consume less fuel than older models and are cheaper to maintain. The main feature of this deal is that the first 15 engines will be manufactured in China and the remainder will be assembled in Pakistan, with spare parts and technology provided by China. Similarly, for a Rs7.2 billion railway project in Sindh province involving laying 78,000 tons of rails, China delivered 64,000 tons to Pakistan Railways. Drivers are paid by the distance they have covered. Drivers in Balochistan make a salary about 25000-30000 per month excluding the overtime. One thing we are familiar with is that Train stops in middle of nowhere and says that the engine has stopped working this is included in their overtime. Stalls at the railway stations are contract based. The Contractor decides the rate of everything. Its the contractor decision to choose the profit. There is no one to ask. The ex-minister was doing well. He made the Pakistan railways better and was going for further excellence. He introduced more trains for specific routes. He tried to make a double track from Lodran to Raiwind. Soon as the present minister was elected all the projects were closed, moreover, 120 trains were shut downed reasoning that it was non profitable for the country. Every day we hear that ministry is going to shut down few more trains. On 16th march, 2011 trains were stopped due to the lack of diesel. Passengers were told to go home. If any one engine stops working all the over the Balochistan it will affect the railways. It has a total of 220 passenger trains/locomotives and the department has decided to shut down 102 trains due to financial loses. Today Pakistan Railways with Rs.334 billion liabilities is at the verge of bankruptcy because of corruption, shortage of locomotives and losses incurred due to the running expenses. Sources said that RS21 billion is spent on wages and pensions every month leaving the department less or nothing for maintenance of power and rolling stocks. Sources said that the administration department is not fair with the country. Corruption is all over the railways. It starts from the higher to lower level. Everyone is involved and corrupted. Railways cannot succeed until the corruption is erased from the root.

If the authority is given to the concern person, he will first close down the railway police sector, auditors will be appointed annually to conduct the audit. Trains are fully loaded. There is neither birth nor a single seat. Still we are going towards loss. The administration says that all the money is spent on the purchase of diesel and the repairing. Although we do not see any sort of output. As compared to the Indian railway we are really far away. They have the newest comfortable trains. In their local train they have the GPS system which shows the station name they are going to reach, the ventilation system even got better. For security of the passengers they have added more bars beside the door. Windows are wider than before. The government is now stepping towards the success.