2005 probability and statistics final exam paper

[6] means "standard deviation"

1. how many 3-digit odd numbers can be formed the digits 0,1,2,3,4, and 5 if each
digit can be used only once?

2. in a gambling game a woman is paid $3 if she draws a jack, a queen or a king

and $5 if she draws an ace from an ordinary deck of 52 playing cards. if she draw
any other card, she loses. how much should she pay to play if the game is fair
(the expected gain is zero)?

3. an electrical firm manufactures light bulbs that have a life, before burn-out,
that is normally distributed with mean equal to 400 and a standard deviation of 20
hours. find the probability that a bulb burns between 391 and 407 hours.

4. find the sample variance of the following data: 7.3, 10.4, 12.2, 14.5

5. in a certain industrial facility accidents occur infrequently. it is known that

the probability of an accident on any given day is 0/005 and accidents are
independent of each other. use the poisson approximation to find the probability
that in any given period of 300 days there will be less than or equal to 1 day
with accident.

6. a manufacturer of car batteries claims that the life of his batteries is

approximately normally distributed with a standard deviation equal to 0.8 year. if
a rando sample of 15 of these batteries has a (sample) standard deviation of 1.05
years, test the hypothesis that [6] = 0.8 against the alternative that [6] is not
equal to 0.8 at a 0.05 level of sihnificance.

7. a pair of dice is rolled 360 times. use the normal approximation to find the
probability that a total of 8 occurs at most 48 times.

8. at a college, the (population) mean on an aptitude test is 500, with a

(population) standard deviation of 40. what is the probability that two groups of
students selected at random, consisting of 45 and 55 students, respectively, will
differ in their (sample) mean scores by an amount between 6 and 10 points?

9. a taxi company is trying to decide whether to purchase brand a or brand b tires

for its fleet of taxis. to estimate the difference in the two brands, an
experiment is conducted. the tires are run until they ewar out. the results are
brand a: x1(average)=30,000 km, s1=4500km, n1=11.
brand b: x2(average)=40,000 km, s2=5000km, n2=13.
construct a 90% confidence interval for ([6]1 / [6]2)^2. assume that the
population has normal distriution.

10. the average iro concentration recovered from a sample of iron measurements in
49 different locations is found to be 2.5 grams per milliliter. assume that the
popluation standard deviation is 0.2 (a) find the 98% confidence intervals for the
mean iron concentration. (b) how large a sample is required if we want to be 98%
confident that our estimate of mean (u) is off by less than 0.05?

11. the grades in a course for a particular semester were as follows (r here means
resit):
grade | a b c d r f
f | 20 26 35 35 32 32
test the hypothesis, at the 0.1 level of significane, that the distribution of
grades is unifrom.
12. suppose that the human requirement for salt is 200 milligrams per day. if a
random sample of 20 similar servings of special k has a mean sodium content of 180
milligrams and a sample standard deviation of 25 milligrams. assume the
distribution of sodim sontents to be normal.
(a) write down the h0 and h1 hypotheses if you want to test the average sodium
content for single servings of special k is at least 220 milligrams.
(b) test the hypothesis the average sodium content for single servings of special
k is less than 220 milligrams at the 0.01 level of significiance.

13. suppose that in a class of 135 students, it is found that 45 smoke, 45 drink
wine, 45 eat between meals and 35 students do not engage in any of these 3 bad
health practices. a student of this class is selected at random, find the
probability that the selected student engage in all 3 bad practices, if a and b
are indepent events, b and c are indepent events, a and c are indepent events,
where a = {the student smoke}, b = {the student drink wine} and c = {the student
eat between meals}.

14.an agent has 8 type of master keys to open several new homes. only one type of
master key will open a given house. if 30% of these homes are usually left
unlocked, what is the probability that the real estate agent can get into a
specific home if the agent selects 3 type of master keys at random before leaving
the office?

15. let x1,x2, ... x100 be 100 independent random variables, each having the same
probability distribution
f(x) = 2x, when 0 <= x <= 1
f(x) = 0, otherwise
find the probability p(y< 65), where y = x1+x2+x3+ ... +x100
(hint: use the centeral limit theorem)