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Research Process
Mr. Nguyen Tien Dung
Define the Management Question
Define the Research Question(s)
Refine the Research Question(s)
2. Research Proposal
Research Design:
Data Collection Design
Sampling Design
Questionnaire:
Question and Instrument Pilot Testing
Instrument Revision
3. Data Collection and Preparation
4. Data Analysis and Interpretation
5. Research Reporting
Nguyen Tien Dung © 2006 Research Process 2
1
Alber Einstein:
Business Research Methods
The Management-Research
Question Hierarchy
6 Management Decision
Business Research Methods
5 Measurement Questions
4 Investigative Questions
3 Research Questions
2 Management Questions
1 Management Dilemma
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Step 1: Discover Management
Dilemma (cont.)
Dilemma: a difficult situation facing a manager
Business Research Methods
Management Dilemma:
Exploration
At this stage you review published sources
Business Research Methods
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Step 2: Define Management
Question
The purpose of this stage is to clarify the
Business Research Methods
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Step 3: Define the Research
Question(s)
Fine tune the research question
Examine concepts and constructs
Business Research Methods
Break research questions into specific second-and-third-level
questions
Verify hypotheses with quality tests
Determine what evidence answers the various questions and
hypothesis
Set the scope of your study
E.g:
“Should we introduce a 2% incentive commission-based
compensation system on all sales over quota for salespeople in
the south and northeast?”
“Should we increase the level of advertising via trade
publications in the south and northeast?”
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Step 5: Measurement Questions
The questions we actually ask or extract from
respondents
Business Research Methods
E.g.:
Please rate your level of concern for each of the following
outcomes if management were to change your compensation to
a commission-based system compared to the current salary
system. For each outcome, indicate a number between 1 and 7,
where 1 = no concern at all, 4 = neither concerned nor
unconcerned, and 7 = extreme concern:
___ Lack of predictability of monthly income
___ Increased internal competition for sales prospects
___ Reduced time for post-sale servicing of customer needs
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Designing the Study
Research design is the blueprint for
Business Research Methods
Project planning
Data gathering
Analysis, interpretation, and reporting
Types of budgeting
Rule-of-thumb budgeting: taking a fixed percentage of some criterion.
For example, a percentage of the prior year’s sales revenues may the
basis for determining the marketing research budget for a
manufacturer
Departmental or functional area budgeting: allocates a portion of total
expenditures in the unit to research activities. Units such as HR,
marketing, or engineering then have the authority to approve their own
projects.
Task budgeting: select specific research projects to support on an ad
hoc basis
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Valuing Research Information:
Evaluation Methods
Ex Post Facto Evaluation
Business Research Methods
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Research Proposal Process
Research Revise questions
Questions
Business Research Methods
Do values No
exceed costs?
Yes Revise
proposal
Develop Research Proposal
Management
Is the budget and Rejected decision
design proposal
without
approved?
research
Approved