2.7 Well Interventions

FIELD SERVICE TECHNICIAN TRAINING - HUMAN FACTORY
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ROUTINE
WELLHEAD SERVICES WELL INTERVENTIONS WORKOVERS EMERGENCY SERVICES
PRODUCTION
TESTING
WIRELINE
COILED
TUBING
SNUBBING
REPAIRS
RE
COMPLETE /
SIDE TRACK
CAPPING
WELL
KILL
WELL SERVICES WELL SERVICES
NON-ROUTINE
HWU RIG PUMP UNIT
WELL
TESTING
SAMPLING
DRIFT RUN
SURVEYS
GL JOB
ZONE CHANGE
FISHING
STIMULATION
DRILLING
WASHING
IWCF DEFINITION: IWCF DEFINITION:
WELL INTERVENTION is a well service operation conducted on live wells.
(Pressure Control) 3 Barriers
&
WORKOVER is a well service operation conducted on dead wells.
(Well Control) 2 Barriers
REASONS FOR WELL INTERVENTION REASONS FOR WELL INTERVENTION
. Remove flow obstructions e.g. sand bridge, wax, asphaltene, scale,
paraffin, hydrates etc.
2. Eliminate excessive water or gas production.
3. Repair completion accessories mechanical failure or re-completion.
4. Well Stimulation for production enhancement (acid wash, matrix
acidizing and fracturing).
5. Zones change.
6. Maintain control of oil, gas and water production from various
zones or layers in stratified reservoirs.
7. Reservoir monitoring
8. Perforations
9. Fishing jobs etc.
WORKOVER APPLICATION WORKOVER APPLICATION
Some minor well conduit failures can be repaired by Well ntervention
techniques. However Workover technique is required, if the failure is
serious such as;
TRSV failure.
Casing, Tubing & Packer leak.
Casing, Tubing collapse.
Serious Cement failure.
Failure or insufficient system for artificial hydrocarbon recovery.
Recovery of fish which is unable to be recovered by well
interventions method.
Re-completion
WELL INTERVENTION METHODS WELL INTERVENTION METHODS
1. WIRELINE
Method using wire or cable to convey tools
2. COILED TUBING
Technique using continuous thin-walled
tube into pressurized well by means of a
mechanically
driven belt
. SNUBBING
Tripping pipe into well against pressure.
WELL INTERVENTION APPLICATIONS WELL INTERVENTION APPLICATIONS
1. WIRELINE
Logging
Zone Change
Gas Lift Operation
Perforation
Setting FCD
Fishing
2. COILED TUBING
Stimulation & Perforation
Washing & Fishing
DH Motor Drilling
Cement & Squeeze
. SNUBBING
CT Application
Rotary Drilling
Advantage:
Efficient
Speed 400 fpm
Small Footprint
Quick RU
Disadvantage:
Gravity
Deviation
Bending Stress
Advantage:
Speed 200 fpm
Stronger than WL
WL Application
High Deviation Well
Disadvantage:
Bending Stress
Dog Leg
Large Footprint
Colloidal effect
Advantage:
Stronger than CT
Horizontal Well
Disadvantage:
Speed <0 fpm
Ì!!lI`! Ì!!lI`!
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Well ntervention technique of conveying tools & instrument downhole.
The most efficient & practical method to diagnose well problems.
Easily junk wells if not properly manage.
Wireline Category:
. Slickline or Solidline or Pianoline
2. Braidedline / Electricline
lIlI`! lIlI`!
Single strand wire with wire OD range from 0.05, 0.08, 0.25 & 0.90
(0.092", 0.082", 0.072" & 0.066").
Wire selection depends on the severity of the operation load.
t's robust & versatile in service
Mechanical application;
Removal of well obstruction
Repair mechanical failure
Bringing other zones in-line
Setting downhole FCD
Advance application by running;
Recorded Real Time Data Acquisition nstrument
Recorded Tubing Caliper
Perforators
Tubing Cutter
Chemical Deployment Tools
Explosive Jar etc
!.I!!!lI`! !.I!!!lI`!
Multi-strands wire cable OD range from
3
'
6
,
7
'
32
, &
5
'
6
.
Wire selection depends on the severity of the operation load required.
Application:
Retrieval of downhole tools with slickline failure.
Fishing job
Swabbing
!l!!IlI`! !l!!IlI`!
Multi-strands wire cable range from
3
'
6
,
7
'
32
, &
5
'
6
,
7
'
6
& OD
with single or multiple conductors.
Application by running;
SRO Pressure & Temperature Recorder
SRO Electronic Logging nstrument for open hole & cased hole.
Coring Services
Packer setting
Perforations etc.
Ì!!lI`! !II'!` Ì!!lI`! !II'!`
1 Surface Equipment
. WL Unit
.2 Power Pack
.3 Hoisting Unit
2 PCE
2. Quick Union
2.2 Stuffing Box / GH
2.3 Lubricator
2.4 BOP
2.5 Tree Adapter
Subsurface Equipment (SSE)
3. Toolstring
3.2 Service Tools
3.3 Tubing Conditioning Tools
3.4 Running Tools
3.5 Pulling Tools
3.6 Shifting Tool
3.7 Kick Over Tool
3.8 Overshot
3.9 Spear
3.0 Flow Control Device
OptionaI PCE
2.6 Tool Trap
2.7 Tool Catcher
2.8 njection Sub
2.8 SCU
2.9 Pumping Tee
!!.! !II'!` !!.! !II'!`
Zone 0 Continuous present of flammable agent.
Zone Flammable agent likely to occur in normal operation.
Zone 2 Flammable agent not likely to occur in normal operation.
1.1 WireIine Unit
Single Drum or Dual Drum
Skid Mounted / Containerized / Helicopter Unit
Component
Operating Panel Direction Lever, Brake, Hydraulic Valve, Gauges etc
Measuring Device
Weighing Device
Level Wind
1.2 Power Pack
Diesel or Electrical Powered
Zoning Classification
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1. Hoisting Unit
Pedestal Crane
Mast
'A' Frame
Derrick
Gin Pole
Rig
OperationaI Considerations:
Length of Lubricators, Risers & Stack Up.
Height of Hoisting Unit
Fishing Job
Toolstring Length
I! I! I Ì` I Ì`
BOWEN OTIS
Box End
Pin End
O-Ring
Thread Connection:
5 - 4 ACME Thread
Hand Tight NO wrench
O-Ring seal
To be kept clean at all time.
Check thread & o-ring before make-up.
ManuaI Stuffing Box
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HydrauIic Stuffing
Box
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GIH
GREASE SYSTEM
Grease Pump
Contaminated
Grease Tank
Pack Off Hand Pump
GIH
SCU
FIow Tube
FIow Tube
& CabIe
FIow Tube,
CabIe &
Grease
Lubricator
BOP
FIow Tube Range:
2 Tubes: <2K psi
3 Tubes: <0K psi
4 Tubes: <5K psi
CIearance: 0.004 0.006
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Lower Section Top Section
I! I! I I
Ram Body AssembIy
Ram Inner SeaI
Ram Guide
Ram Key
Ram Outer SeaI
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Blind Ram
Shear & Seal Ram
Stuffing Box
Stuffing Box
Blind Ram
Blind Ram
Shear & Seal Ram
SLICKLINE OPERATION
SLICKLINE FISHING
OPERATION
Lubricator
Lubricator
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SCU
Lubricator
2 Braidedline nverted Ram
Blind Ram
Shear & Seal Ram
TERTIARY BARRIER
1
2
1 Braidedline Ram
Shear Ram
GH
PRIMARY BARRIER
SECONDARY BARRIER
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Int FN
Ext FN
1
2
10
11
12
All sub surface tools must incorporate 'Fishing Neck' a
recovery feature.
.1 TooIstring
. Rope Socket
2. Stem
3. Jar
4. Knuckle Joint
Optional Tools
5. Roller Stem
6. High Density Stem
7. Hydraulic Jar
8. Spring Jar
9. Knuckle Jar
0. QLS
. Swivel Joint
2. Accelerator
SSSV 10-20 AngIe 20-0 AngIe 0-0 AngIe 0 AngIe & Above
Rope Socket
Swivel Joint
Accelerator
Stem
Knuckle Joint
Upstroke Jar
Spang Jar
6 ft
6 ft
4 ft
4 ft
3 ft
3 ft
3 ft
2 ft
3 ft
3 ft
3 ft
2 ft
2 ft
Chapter 8 Chapter 8
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Roller Stem
Roller Stem
Roller Stem
Knuckle Joint
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.2 Service TooI
. Gauge Cutter
2. Blind Box
3. Lead mpression Block (LB)
4. Wire Scratcher
5. Tubing End Locator
6. Pump Bailer
7. Hydrostatic Bailer
1 2

`!IIÌ` Ul `!IIÌ` Ul
. Tubing Conditioning TooI
. Swage
2. Broach
1 2
- To restore light tubing collapse.
- Always use with Pulling Tool
-To remove scale /paraffin deposits
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. Running TooIs
External Fishing Neck
2 nternal Fishing Neck
3 Selective Running Tool
4 Non-Selective Running Tool
Latching Mechanism:
5 Shear Pins
6 Dogs
RT Accessories:
7 Shank, Probe, Guide & Prong.
1
2
(Jar or *to free)

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BAKER "G" R/T
(S-Lock)
CAMCO "DT" R/T
(C-Lock)
CAMCO "Z-" R/T
(DB-Lock)
CAMCO "W-1" R/T
(M-Lock)
OTIS "X" R/T
(X-Lock)
. PuIIing TooIs
. External Fishing Neck
2. nternal Fishing Neck
Shear Direction:
3. Jar (Large Pin)
4. Jar * (Small Pin)
1
2
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CAMCO "JD" P/T
CAMCO "JU" P/T
OTIS "GS" P/T
OTIS "GR" P/T
CAMCO "PRS" P/T
CAMCO "PRS-2" P/T
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. Shifting TooI
. Serves to open or close Sliding Sleeve.
2. Selective & Non-Selective
3. Pressure equalization is compulsory prior opening SSD
4. Feature
Key or Dog
SeIf ReIeasing
Safety ReIease
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OTIS "B" Positioning TooI
(OTIS SSD)
Top Sub
Body
Key
CoIIets
Key Spring
Key
Retainer
Shear Pin
OTIS "BO" Downshift TooI
(OTIS SSD)
Main MandreI
Key Spring
Key
Spring Housing
Dog Retainer
Locating Dog
Main Spring
Spring
SpIit Ring
BAKER "D-2" Shifting TooI
(BAKER "L" SSD)
Shifting Dog
Shear Pins
ControI SIeeve
CoIIets
Thread Protector
Main Spring
MandreI
Connecting
Adjuster
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. Kick Over TooIs
. Serves to set or pull valve from Side Pocket Mandrel
2. Pressure equalization is compulsory prior pulling valve from SPM
3. Feature:
Locating Finger
SeIf Orient-abIe
KickabIe Arm AssembIy
Safety ReIease
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CAMCO "OK " Series KOT CAMCO "OM " Series KOT
Locating Finger
Spring
Shear Pin
Leaf Spring
Arm AssembIy
Catcher Sub
Set Screw
Guide
MERLA KOT
. Overshot
To latch on downhole tools without External
Fishing Neck
. Spear
To latch on downhole tools without nternal
Fishing Neck
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.10 FIow ControI Device
Lock Mandrel + Type of Plug + Equalizing Sub
Type of Lock: Slip Lock,
Type of Plugs: Hold pressure *,
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Collar Lock & Nipple Lock
Hold Hold
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Coiled Tubing provides a broad spectrum of well interventions services
that substantially reduce costs for many work over, remedial &
specialized drilling operations formerly requiring a rig.
Common CT size range from - due to current economical
changes & CT advance technology larger size range from 2-3.
t can be easily transported, rigged up & unrigged in a
shortest period of time, Offshore - 3 hrs & Onshore
hrs)
Currently max working depth 25K ft @ 250
ft/min. CT is cheaper & quicker
alternative to perform downhole
works compare to conventional
methods.
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.IIlI.I` .IIlI.I`
. Wellbore Cleanouts
2. Cementing
3. Stimulation
4. Sand Control
5. Nitrogen njection
6. CT Fishing
7. CT Wired Service
8. CT Completion
9. CT Drilling
LIMITATIONS:
Life Limits primarily bending
stresses.
Pressure & Tension Limits
Monitor & record tension &
compression at various pressures.
Diameter & OveraII Limits
Record usage, physical conditions &
dimensions.
HeIicoidaI BuckIing affect
horizontal well.
Cleaning for;
Formation sands or fines
Produced proppant (fracturing operations)
Workover debris
Primary reasons for performing wellbore cleanouts are to restore
production capability of the well & permit free passage of wireline tools.
Fill can be removed chemicaIIy or mechanically. Majority of cases, fll is
removed by circuIating uid through CT while slowly penetrating the
fll with a nozzle or jetting sub. Where consoIidated fll exists,
assistance of a downhole motor or impact hammer/impact drill may
be required.
Due to complex hydraulics, fll removal is generally more difficult in highly
deviated and horizontal wellbore.
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CT may be used for squeeze cement & set cement plugs in wellbore.
Squeeze cement is used to change production or injection profles of a
well & involves squeezing a specially designed cement slurry into
existing perforations to seal them off.
Reasons for setting cement plugs in wells are various include kick-off
plugs, which are used as a base to mill a window in well tubular &
abandonment of plugs, which are used to seal off sections or an
entire wellbore at the end of its useful life. Kick-off plugs are often set
as part of CT drilling operations.
!'!Ì` !'!Ì`
Treatment designed to restore or increase formation natural permeability.
Fracturing Stimulation
Matrix Acidizing Stimulation
Fracturing Stimulation using CT can be done in multi-layered reservoirs &
can isolate individual zones in a reservoir.
n Matrix Stimulation treatments fuid (usually acid) is injected in area
around wellbore to remove damage at a pressure below Pressure
ff
to
allow hydrocarbon to fow freely towards wellbore.
Formation damage appears for various reasons during drilling, workover,
& production of a well & has negative effect on oil & gas production.
Damage can be due to;
Formation fnes
Natural swelling of clay minerals in formation
Formation of scale or deposition of heavy hydrocarbons
Drilling mud, damage
Bacteria.
I'l.I` I'l.I`
Treatments designed to minimize sand production from a well. Through-
tubing sand control can be performed with CT & consists of one of
the following methods;
Sand Consolidation
Gravel Packing
Placement of Screen
Sand Consolidation is achieved by injecting special treatment fuid (resins)
in the near-wellbore formation. The resins glue the sand particles
together & consolidate the formation.
Gravel Packing is a method placing some wire-mesh screens in wellbore
across sand producing formation & flling the gap between screen &
borehole wall with gravel pack sand of a certain size. This barriers
prevent formation sand from entering wellbore & being produced.
Placing screens in a wellbore is similar to gravel packing but without
gravel pack sand on the outside of the screens. The screens
themselves form a barrier for the sand.
.`! `!l .`! `!l
Reasons for using nitrogen in wellbore include;
Well or nitrogen kick-off
Use of foam for fll cleanouts
Use of foam as a diverter for matrix acidizing.
After performing drilling & workover operations on a well, the well is
usually dead because of the HP inside the wellbore exceeds the
pressure in the formation.
Nitrogen circulation through CT is the most common method of initiating
production. This technique is relatively simple, fexible & causes no
disposal or operational difficulties to surface production equipment.
Flow is induced by aerating the fuid column in the well to reduce the
hydrostatic pressure. When this pressure is reduced below the
pressure of reservoir, the well begins to fow.
Ì!!` I`J!I` Ì!!` I`J!I`
CT fishing is to remove stuck or lost objects from a wellbore.
Advantages of CT fishing:
CT is considerably stronger than slickline or braided line.
The rigidity of CT helps to access highly deviated & horizontal sections
of a well that cannot be reached using slickline.
Fluids pumped through CT can improve access to the fsh.
There are many methods & tools that may be used in CT fshing
operations. Each fshing job is unique & may require tools &
techniques to be modifed or adapted to suit the application. Details
of the fsh, wellbore tubular, well condition & surface equipment need
to be taken into consideration.
!I!I` !I!I`
Coiled tubing can be used to accomplish traditional wired services such
as logging, perforating, or DSP. Because of its fexibility and
strength, coiled tubing is used in both deviated and horizontal wells,
as well as in vertical ones.
Ì!!! !!Ì! Ì!!! !!Ì!
CT completions utilize CT string as a permanent wellbore completion. The
CT string is run into the well using standard CT equipment. Once the
planned depth is reached, the CT string is cut at surface & hung off
in the wellhead. The CT string may remain in the well for several
years & can be retrieved when necessary using CT equipment
again.
All of the downhole equipment is in the CT, making completion of wells
quicker & more effcient than conventional methods. CT also installs
artifcial lift equipment & performs remedial work upon a well.
'Il!I` 'Il!I`
!!IllI` !!IllI`
CT can be used to drill new hole or to re-enter an abandoned hole. CT
is capable of actually drilling new hole (not simply milling out, as in
fshing operations). The drilling is accomplished either with the
completion removed or through tubing. CT drilling can be performed
overbalanced or under-balanced.
!II'!` !II'!`
Regardless of working environment CT unit will include the
following main components:
. Control Cabin
2. Power Pack
3. CT Reel
4. Goose Neck
5. njector Head
6. Strippers
7. BOP
8. Kill Line
9. BHA
1
2
XMAS TREE
WELLHEAD
`!l .I` `!l .I`
Various configuration & design:
ndependent or truck mounted unit
Elevated Location - to provide full view of all activities.
Instrument & ControI System:
Primary control:
Secondary control:
Support control:
Standby pumps as back-up to operate PCE in maintaining maximum
well security in the event of major equipment failure.
Gauges are located at operator's eye level.
Weight ndicator, Circulating & Wellhead Pressure
Depth/Speed, Stripper Pressure & Chain Tensioner
Engine RPM, Drive System, Air & BOP Pressures
Prime mover usuaIIy dieseI engine that provides power to hydrauIic
circuits in CT Unit.
Driving an array of hydraulic pumps supplying each system or circuit with
the required pressure & fow rate.
Operate independently of exterior power or air supplies once started.
ncludes accumulators providing backup hydraulic energy to key
components in the event of an emergency
Power Pack Main Components:
Engine
Hydraulic Pumps
Pressure Control Valves
Hydraulic Reservoir
Accumulators
Filters & Strainers
Heat Exchangers
Hydraulic Fluid
Safety Devices.
I`!! I. I`!! I.
!!!l !!!l
Primary function is store & protect CT.
Component:
Reel motor
Level wind assembly
Reel swivel
Lubrication system
Mechanical counter
Crash frame
Maintain proper tension, Reel & H.
Ensures close, even & efficient spooling onto reel.
Allows fluid to pumped while CT rotating.
Application of inhibitor or protective coating.
Back-up depth measurement system,
Protect CT during handling & transporting.
Reel Motor
Chain Drive
Supplementary Hydraulic System
RIGHT ANGLE DRIVE (FIoor Mounted Motor) DIRECT DRIVE (AxIe Mounted Motor)
(RH & POOH Speed: 250 ft/min
(25k ft of , , , , 2 & 2 CT)
Crash Frame
!!!l !!!l
CT REEL TOP VIEW
CT REEL SIDE VIEW
Level Wind Assembly
Reel Motor
Chain Drive
Level Wind
Assembly
LEVEL WIND
ASSEMBLY
REEL SWIVEL
Reel Swivel
Grease Nipple
Bearing Assy.
Chevron Packing
Connection
Mounting Flange
Il!! I` Il!! I`
Raw long flat metal strips rolled & folded into long spiral tube &
welded.
The individual length is welded together to form continuous
length.
Alloy grade 'A606' is the common material use for ductility &
combat bending stresses.
2 types Normal operation constant OD & D. Abnormal
operation constant OD & variation D.
Limitations Bending Stresses, nternal Pressure Pump & Axial
(tension).
!I!` !I!`
1 - REPUBLIC
TUBING
0s MANNESMAN
0s SOUTHWESTERN
0s QUALITY TUBING
QT-0 QT-00
Strip Iength
20 ft 1000 ft 100 ft 00 ft
Welded strips are rolled &
formed into continuous CT.
COILED TUBING
CONSTRUCTION
'.`!.!I` I!! '.`!.!I` I!!
TUBING FORMING
ROLLERS
ANNEALING SIZING INSPECTION
HEAT
TREATMENT
Welding Loop External Bead
Removal
HI QUALITY
WELD
ACCUMULATOR
STRIP
PREPARATION
Forming Rollers
Metal Strips
Welding Loop
! `! ! `!
t guides CT from horizontal to vertical position as it leaves the reel to enter
the top of H. Profled rollers the Goose Neck support the CT as it is
bent over the Goose Neck arc.
The gooseneck can have a radius as small as 48 or as large as 20
depending upon the size of the CT. Larger gooseneck sizes (radii) are
used to minimize the fatigue of the CT string. The recommended
gooseneck radii and their relative sizes are shown below.
API RECOMMENDATIONS
CT Size Radius
1
48 - 72
1
1
72 - 96
2
2
90 - 120
2
3 96 - 120
Profiled Rollers
CT GOOSE NECK
I`J!! !!.! I`J!! !!.!
H essentially consists of hydraulic motors ()
connected to chains (2) that move the CT. The
motors actually turn the chains through a set
of timing gears to synchronize the movement
of both chains.
The H basically consists of two separate frames.
nner frame attached to base with a hinge (3) &
an electronic load cell (4)
Outer frame consists of crash frame attached to
the same base by rigid connections. The
gooseneck is attached to the outer frame to
avoid interference with the load cell readings.
Swivel
Goose Neck
Lifting Bail
1
2
Stripper Mounting
I`J!! !!.! I`J!! !!.!
Main motor () drives the chain with dler
Sprocket (2) & Tension Sprocket (3).
The chains are assembled using roller chain
components & specially designed gripper
blocks.
The inside chain tensioners or skates (4), provide
force for the chains to grip CT. The skates are
linked with hydraulic cylinders (5). To reduce
vibrations to hydraulic cylinders there are
shock absorbing accumulators (6) mounted on
the injector head.
Cam Roller
Link Plate
Link Pin
Split Pin
Gripper Block
1
2

!III!! !III!!
Pressure containment device
nstalled above BOP & below H.
Dual assembly used for extreme well conditions.
Hydraulic activation from Control Cabin.
Can be redressed during operation with pressure isolated
. Conventional Stripper
2. Tandem Stripper
3. Side Door Stripper
4. Radial Stripper
``!Ì`.l !III!! ``!Ì`.l !III!!
Upper Brass
Bushing
Stripping
Element
Energizer
Lower
Brass
Bushing
Hydraulic pressure applied through Pack
Port moves Piston & Lower Bushing &
energize stripping element against Non
Extrusion Ring. De-energize is achieved
through Retract Port.
Well pressure will further energize
stripper element.
Stripper components are split into two &
make possible to be redressed during
operation from top of Stripper within H
frame provided the well pressure is
isolated.
Redressing period 45 min hr.
Locking Pin
Non-
Extrusion
Ring
PACK PORT
Piston
RETRACT PORT
I!! !! !III!! I!! !! !III!!
Easy & safer access for seals inspection.
Extended Upper Bushing improve guides
& minimizing seals wear.
Hydraulic pressure applied through Pack
Port moves Piston, Upper Brass Bushing
& Non-Extrusion Ring * thus energize
the element.
Well pressure does not help to energize
the element.
5 0 min redressing period.
PACK PORT
Piston
Upper Brass
Bushing
Lower
Brass
Bushing
Non-
Extrusion
Ring
Element
Retractable
Door
Coiled Tubing
.`!!' !III!! .`!!' !III!!
Used in conjunction with fixed Stripper.
Similar in principle with Side Door Stripper
Back up Stripper system.
Allow operation to continue without delay.
Primary Stripper should be redressed
at the earliest practical opportunity.
Quick Union
Connection
!.!I.l !III!! !.!I.l !III!!
Upper Guide
Lower Guide
Ram Body
Piston
Element
ndicator
Easy & safer access for Seals inspection.
Generally used for high pressure well.
45 min period redress
l` I!!`!`!! l` I!!`!`!!
Secure CT & isolate well pressure during normal, unusual or emergency
operating situations.
Only holds pressure from above.
BOP type:
Ram BOP
Annular BOP
CT BOP Features:
Side Kill Port
Equalizing Valve
Function & pressure test is mandatory before use
CT BOP available in COMB, TRPLE & QUAD BOP unit.
Ram nserts:
* Blind, Slip, Shear, Pipe & Variable Rams.
!.' Ì! I !.' Ì! I
Ram Assembly
Pipe Ram
nsert
Top Seal
Ram Body
SINGLE RAM BOP
Top View
!.' Ì! I I!!.I` !.' Ì! I I!!.I`
To close the ram, Hydraulic Fluid supplied by the Accumulator is sent to
the Closing Chambers & acts on the Piston causing the Ram to close. At
the same time, Hydraulic fluid is vented from the opening chambers back
to the accumulator. The opening sequence is the opposite.
Piston
Closing Chamber
Opening Chamber
Ram
Closing Line
Opening Line
`.!I.l! !.' Ì! I `.!I.l! !.' Ì! I
Top Seal
Variable Ram
Assembly
Variable Ram nsert
RAM CLOSE ON " PIPE
RAM CLOSE ON " PIPE
'I !IIl! .! I 'I !IIl! .! I
Solid block BOP
Less height, weight & potential leakage.
Ram Configuration:
1 Combi BOP
Slip or Blind Ram
Pipe Ram
2 TripIe BOP
Blind Ram
Shear or Slip
Pipe Ram
Quad BOP
Blind Ram
Shear Ram
Slip Ram
Pipe Ram
I`l! !.' I I`l! !.' I
Generally use for;
Shear & Seal BOP
Variable BOP
Spacer Spool
Shear & Seal BOP serve as tertiary barrier.
Position immediately above Xmas Tree.
Top Seal
Lower Shear Blade
Anti Extrusion Block
Locking Screw
Ram Body
Lower Blade Ram
Assembly
Upper Blade Ram
Assembly
Upper Shear Blade
Tee-Seal
Top Seal
Ram Body
!!.! !.l ..! !!.! !.l ..!
!!.! !.l !.' I!!.I` !!.! !.l !.' I!!.I`
.``l.! Ì! I .``l.! Ì! I
Piston
EIement
Head
Body
Cross-Section
Seal with tubing or without tubing.
Can be used for stripping
Use for deployment of long BHA
Piston
Body
Head
EIement
Opening Port
CIosing Port
CIosing Port
.``l.! Ì! I .``l.! Ì! I
.``l.! I l! I!` .``l.! I l! I!`
PISTON
CIosing Port
BODY
BODY
HEAD HEAD
PISTON
Opening Port
ELEMENT ELEMENT
CT CT
Closing Action Begins
Shut off Seal - No Tubing Seal Around Tubing
.``l.! I lI` .I` .``l.! I lI` .I`
BHA configuration:
. Coiled Tubing
2. Connector
3. Check Valve
4. Optional
5. Specialist Tools
1
2
Standard Tools
BHA
Downhole Motors
Jetting Nozzles
Bull Nose
Bridge Plugs
Perforating Guns
Logging Tools
etc.
' !l! .!'l` ' !l! .!'l`
``!! ``!! .`!.!! l .`!.!! l
. Roll-On Connector
2. Grapple Connector
3. Pinned Connector
4. Electricline Connector
1 2
The easiest type & use when no

rotation required (tubing splice) &
same OD w/CT.
Lager OD than CT & can be used
for rotating.
Better torque effect than Grapple
type but weak due holes drilled.
This type of connector grips from
outside CT with conductor wireline
running inside CT. Deploying
electronic logging tools in horizontal
wells. Designs differ from company
to company & quite complicated.
CRIMPING TOOL
Crimping Wheel Profile
. Ball Check Valve
2. Dart Check Valve
3. Flapper Check Valve
4. Spring Return Check Valve
5. Pressure Retaining Check Valve
1
2

Metal-to-metal seal & use when no
requirement for ball activated tools.
Similar to Ball type.
Full bore design & enables
launching of balls.
All time close valve & can be pump
through..
Similar to Spring Return type &
adjustable by adding or subtracting
washers.
!! `.l`! !! `.l`! .`!.!! l .`!.!! l
II`.l l II`.l l .`!.!! .`!.!!
1 2
Release Sub, Jar, Accelerator, Swivel etc
ExampIe - RELEASE SUB
. Ball Operated Release Sub
2. Pressure Activated Release Sub
3. Tension Activated Release Sub
Surface pressure activated. Calculate volume of CT
on reel & launch ball by free fall until it sit (CT under
slight compression) then pressure up to release sub.
Similar to Ball type but pressure differential in CT
can activate sub.
Requires over pull from surface to shear screw &
release sub.
I!I.lI l I!I.lI l
. Reverse Circulation Bullnose
2. Multiple Small Diameter Ports
3. Mule Shoe & Angle Jet
4. Drill Motor
1
2

I!I.lI l I!I.lI l
5. Drill Bits
6. Blind Box
7. Casing Cutter
8. Undereamer

``!Ì`.l I!!!! ``!Ì`.l I!!!!
0 psi 3500 psi (Quick Union Connection )
. Goose Neck
2. njector Head
3. Stripper
4. Flow Cross
5. Quad BOP
6. Shear & Seal BOP
7. Xmas Tree
1
2

!I! I!!!! I! . !I! I!!!! I! .
3500 psi 7000 psi (Flange Connection)
. Goose Neck
2. njector Head
3. Dual Stripper System
4. Annular BOP
5. Quad BOP System
6. Flange Riser
7. Flow Cross Double solation Valves
8. Quad BOP System
9. Shear & Seal BOP
0. Xmas Tree
1
2
10
I!!!! .!!I!! I!!!! .!!I!!
Primary Barrier
Secondary Barrier
Blind Ram
Slips Ram
Pipe Ram
Shear & Seal Ram
Tertiary Barrier
Shear Ram
Stripper
Stripper
lI! l!`! lI! l!`!
Length from Stripper bottom to top of Shear &
Seal BOP
Deployment system
nstalling Annular BOP, Riser or Spacer Spool
(extra Safety BOP)
Connections between Stripper & BOP is
preferable to use Hydraulic Connector making
it possible to reconfigure Sluice Length
Stripper
BOP
Riser or
Spacer Spool
Shear & Seal BOP
SLUICE LENGTH
`lI`
Ì` Ì`
Ì` Ì`
Snubbing: "Trippingpipe(1" ")intoell,g,instpressure"
Stripping: "Runpipethroughelementto.ont,inellpressure"
APPLICATION:
Sand Washing
Well Unloading
Washing Perforations
Acidising
Cementing
Drilling or Milling
Fishing
Blow Control
ADVANTAGE OVER CT:
Small vertical footprint
High drilling/milling rotation torque
High pressure > 5k psi
Horizontal well
Ì` !II'!` Ì` !II'!`
. Hydraulic Jack Assembly
2. Guide Tube
3. Access Window
4. Traveling Slips/Snubbers
5. Stationary Slips/Snubbers
6. Work Basket
7. Power Swivel/Tongs
8. Control Panel
9. Power Pack
0. BOP System
. Hoses
2. Equalizing Loop
3. Bleed-Off Line
4. Strippers
5. Circulating System
1 2
10
12
1
1
Ì` I!! Ì` I!!
Ì` I!! Ì` I!!
Ì` I!! Ì` I!!
Ì` I!! Ì` I!!
Ì` !!! Ì` !!!
WELLHEAD PRESSURE, PSI (1,000)
"
"
"
"
2"
2"
1 2 1 1 1 12 11 10
0
0
100
200
00
00
00
SNUBBING UNIT BOP
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
OPERATION #1A
TOOL JOINT LOWERED
TO UPPER STRIPPER RAM
Upper Stripper Ram
(CIosed)
EquaIising
VaIve (Open)
EquaIising
Loop
Spacer
SpooI
Fixed Or VariabIe
Choke
Fixed Or VariabIe
Choke
TooI Joint
BIeed Off
VaIve (CIosed)
Lower Stripper Ram
(Open)
Upper Safety Ram
(Open)
Lower Safety Ram
(Open)
SNUBBING UNIT BOP
OPERATION #1B
LOWER STRIPPER RAMS CLOSED
Upper Stripper Ram
(CIosed)
EquaIising
VaIve (Open)
EquaIising
Loop
Spacer
SpooI
Fixed Or VariabIe
Choke
Fixed Or VariabIe
Choke
TooI Joint
BIeed Off
VaIve (CIosed)
Lower Stripper Ram
(CIosed)
Upper Safety Ram
(Open)
Lower Safety Ram
(Open)
Upper Stripper Ram
(CIosed)
EquaIising
VaIve (CIosed)
EquaIising
Loop
Spacer
SpooI
Fixed Or VariabIe
Choke
Fixed Or VariabIe
Choke
TooI Joint
BIeed Off
VaIve (Open)
Lower Stripper Ram
(CIosed)
Upper Safety Ram
(Open)
Lower Safety Ram
(Open)
SNUBBING UNIT BOP
OPERATION #1C
EQUALISING LOOP CLOSED
BLEED-OFF LINE OPENED
Upper Stripper Ram
(Open)
EquaIising
VaIve (CIosed)
EquaIising
Loop
Fixed Or VariabIe
Choke
Fixed Or VariabIe
Choke
BIeed Off
VaIve (Open)
Lower Stripper Ram
(CIosed)
Upper Safety Ram
(Open)
Lower Safety Ram
(Open)
SNUBBING UNIT BOP
OPERATION #1D
UPPER STRIPPER RAMS OPENED
TOOLJOINT LOWERED
BETWEEN RAMS
Upper Stripper Ram
(CIosed)
EquaIising
VaIve (CIosed)
EquaIising
Loop
Fixed Or VariabIe
Choke
Fixed Or VariabIe
Choke
BIeed Off
VaIve (Open)
Lower Stripper Ram
(CIosed)
Upper Safety Ram
(Open)
Lower Safety Ram
(Open)
SNUBBING UNIT BOP
OPERATION #2A
UPPER STRIPPER RAMS CLOSED
Upper Stripper Ram
(CIosed)
EquaIising
VaIve (Open)
EquaIising
Loop
Spacer
SpooI
Fixed Or VariabIe
Choke
Fixed Or VariabIe
Choke
BIeed Off
VaIve (CIosed)
Lower Stripper Ram
(CIosed)
Upper Safety Ram
(Open)
Lower Safety Ram
(Open)
SNUBBING UNIT BOP
OPERATION #2B
BLEED-OFF LINE CLOSED
EQUALISING LOOP OPENED
SNUBBING UNIT BOP
OPERATION #2C
LOWER STRIPPER RAMS OPENED
Upper Stripper Ram
(CIosed)
EquaIising
VaIve (Open)
EquaIising
Loop
Spacer
SpooI
Fixed Or VariabIe
Choke
Fixed Or VariabIe
Choke
BIeed Off
VaIve (CIosed)
Lower Stripper Ram
(Open)
Upper Safety Ram
(Open)
Lower Safety Ram
(Open)
SNUBBING UNIT BOP
OPERATION #2D
TOOL JOINT LOWERED
INTO THE WELL
Upper Stripper Ram
(CIosed)
EquaIising
VaIve (Open)
EquaIising
Loop
Spacer
SpooI
Fixed Or VariabIe
Choke
Fixed Or VariabIe
Choke
BIeed Off
VaIve (CIosed)
Lower Stripper Ram
(Open)
Upper Safety Ram
(Open)
Lower Safety Ram
(Open)
Ì` I .!!.`!'!` Ì` I .!!.`!'!`
Xmas Tree
To Pump Line
Choke
The we||head must have a
m|n|mum of at |east two
b||nd 0Ps, gate va|ves or
a comb|nat|on of both.
0-k psi WP - ONE PIPE SIZE
Lower Stripper Ram
Upper Stripper Ram
Upper Safety Ram
Lower Safety Ram
EquaIizing Loop
BIeed Off
Ì` I .!!.`!'!` Ì` I .!!.`!'!`
Lower Stripper Ram
Upper Stripper Ram
Upper Safety Ram
BIind Ram
Choke & KiII Line
Xmas Tree
Lower Safety Ram
Shear Ram
To Pump Line
BIeed Off
Choke
k - 10k psi WP - ONE PIPE SIZE
EquaIizing Loop
BIeed Off
To Pump Line
Choke
Xmas Tree
Lower Safety Ram
MiddIe Safety Ram
Shear Ram
Choke & KiII Line
BIind Ram
Upper Safety Ram
Lower Stripper Ram
EquaIizing Loop
Upper Stripper Ram
Ì` I .!!.`!'!` Ì` I .!!.`!'!`
10k - 1k psi WP - ONE PIPE SIZE
lII `!! lII `!!
SectionaI View
Ì` !III!! Ì` !III!!
Ì` I` !.`!! Ì` I` !.`!!
.``l.! I .``l.! I
I.!! Il I.!! Il
!`!!Il I !`!!Il I
F|u|ds l|rges
Load l|rges
F|u|d Correcl|ors ard
lydrau||c Passages
3|de 0ul|els lor Cro|e K|||
8orrel 8o|ls
P|slor Rod Vud 3ea|
Rep|ace Cy||rder L|rer
Rar Assero|y
8orrel 8o| ls
Varua| Loc||rg 3creW
Correclor R|rg 0rooves
Upper Rubber Lower Rubber Lower BIock
Upper HoIder Lower BIade
Lower HoIder
!.!!!! !!.! !.' !.!!!! !!.! !.'
Upper BIock
`.!I.l! !.' `.!I.l! !.'
lI`!l!!.! !.' lI`!l!!.! !.'
2
3
4
5
6
Lower Body Assembly
Side Packer
Upper Ram Body
Upper Ram Assembly
Top Seal
Blade Packer
4
2
6
5
3

.!J.l! !! .!J.l! !!
!I`!! !! !I`!! !!
F
I
E
L
D

S
E
R
V
I
C
E

T
E
C
H
N
I
C
I
A
N

T
R
A
I
N
I
N
G

-
H
U
M
A
N

F
A
C
T
O
R
Y
I
`
!
.
I
`
!
.
0RK
0RK
3TRlN0
3TRlN0
SECONDARY
SECONDARY
SECONDARY
SECONDARY
SECONDARY
PRIMARY
PRIMARY
PRIMARY
PRIMARY
BHA
BHA
BHA
BHA
SINGLE JOINT
SINGLE JOINT
SINGLEJOINT
SINGLEJOINT SINGLE JOINT
SINGLE JOINT PUPJOINT
CHECK
VALVE
CHECK
VALVE
CHECK
VALVE
CHECK
VALVE
CHECK
VALVE
CHECK
VALVE
CHECK
VALVE
CHECK
VALVE
WORK
STRING
WORK
STRING
WORK
STRING
WORK
STRING
WORK
STRING
LANDING
NIPPLE
LANDING
NIPPLE
LANDING
NIPPLE
LANDING
NIPPLE
LANDING
NIPPLE
PUMP-OUT
BPV
S
T
A
N
D
A
R
D
N
O
N
-
S
T
A
N
D
A
R
D
Ì` `lI`
!! !`! !! !`!
!.` ` !.` `

2.7 Well Interventions

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2.7 Well Interventions

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FIELD SERVICE TECHNICIAN TRAINING - HUMAN FACTORY

(Jar or *to free)

FIELD SERVICE TECHNICIAN TRAINING - HUMAN FACTORY

FIELD SERVICE TECHNICIAN TRAINING - HUMAN FACTORY

The easiest type & use when no

FIELD SERVICE TECHNICIAN TRAINING - HUMAN FACTORY

FIELD SERVICE TECHNICIAN TRAINING - HUMAN FACTORY

FIELD SERVICE TECHNICIAN TRAINING - HUMAN FACTORY

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