Professional Documents
Culture Documents
I am + Ving
He She It We You They
Im not + Ving
He She It We You They
Am I + Ving ? Is he + Ving ? Is she isnt + Ving Is it Are we arent + Ving Are you + Ving ? Are they
Am I working?
+V
+V
+V?
+V
+V?
Yes, I am. - No, Im not. He is working. He isnt working. Is he working? Yes, he is. No, he isnt. We are working. We arent working. Are we working? Yes, we are. No, we arent.
I am working.
Im not working.
Spelling rules
Most verbs add + ing study - studying work working play playing cons. + e e + ing write writing drive - driving If verbs end in If verbs end in one vowel + one cons. double cons. + ing swim swimming run - running
- s
If verbs end in
Remember!
- es
- ies
Before the main verb: always _translation_ usually __________ often ___________ sometimes _________ rarely ____________ never ____________ BUT after the verb to be She often arrives late. She is often late.
We put at the end of the sentence: every day ___________ in the morning __________ every week __________ in the evening __________ every year __________ in the afternoon ________ at night ____________ on Monday ____________ at midday ___________ on Tuesday ___________ at 6 oclock ______ on Friday morning ___________
PAST SIMPLE
PRESENT PERFECT I We You They He She It Ved have V3 I We You They He She It
was
wasnt
? ?
Yes, he was. /No, he wasnt. Yes, she was. No, she wasnt. Yes, it was. No, it wasnt. Yes, we were./No, we werent. Yes, you were./No, you werent. Yes, they were./no, they werent
Ved havent V3
were
has
Ved V3
hasnt
Ved V3
I was tired. I wasnt tired. Was I tired? Yes. I was. /No, I wasnt. We were tired. We werent tired. Were we tired? Yes, we were./ No, we werent.
I have done it. I havent done it. Have you done it? Yes, I have. - No, I havent. He has done it. He hasnt done it. Has he done it? Yes, he has. - No, he hasnt.
had
didnt have
Did
He had a dog. He didnt have a dog. Did he have a dog. Yes, he did. /No, he didnt.
Ive just had dinner. He has never been to China. Have you ever been to Russia? Ann hasnt had a holiday this year. Have you heard from Tom recently?
PAST SIMPLE
REGULAR & IRREGULAR VERBS I He She It We You They I he she V1 ? it we you they
2 days/weeks/years ago __________ last month/week/year ___________ yesterday ______________ in 2005 _________________ yesterday morning ___________the day before yesterday _________ I played football yesterday. I didnt play football last week. Did you play football yesterday? Yes, I did. /No, I didnt. She went to the cinema last Sunday. She didnt go to school last Sunday. Did you go to the cinema last Sunday? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.
Ved V2
didnt + V1
Did
Irregular verbs
Infinitive be [bi:] become [bkm] begin [bgn] Past Simple (V2)
was[wz] were [w:]
became began [bgn] blew [blu:] brought [br:t] built [blt] burnt [b:nt] bought [b:t] caught [k:t] came [keim] cost [kst] cut [kt] did [dd] drew [dru:] dreamt [dremt] drank [drk]
Past Participle (V3) been [bi:n] become [bkm] begun [bgn] blown [ brought [br:t] built [blt] burnt [b:nt] bought [b:t] caught [k:t] come [km] cost [kst] cut [kt] done [dn] drawn [dr:n] dreamt [dremt] drunk [drk] driven [drvn] eaten [i:tn] fallen [f:ln] fed [fed] felt [felt] fought [f:t] found [fand] n] forgotten [fgtn] forgiven [fgvn] got [gt] given [gvn] gone [gn] hung [h] had [hd] heard [h:d] hit [ht] held [held] hurt [h:t] kept [kept]
Translation
Infinitive
Past Simple (V2) knew [nju:] led [led] left [left] lent [lent] let [let] la lit [lt] lost [lst] meant [ment] met [met] put [pt] read [red] rang [r] ran [rn] said [sed] saw [s:] sent [sent] set [set] shook [k] shot [t] shut [t] sang [s] sat [st] slept [slept] spelt [spelt] spent [spent] stood [std] swept [swept] swam [swm] took [tk] taught [t:t]
Translation
bring [br] build [bld] burn [b:n] buy [bai] catch [k] choose [u:z] come [km] cost [kst] cut [kt] do [du:] draw [dr:] dream [dri:m] drink [drk] drive [draiv] eat [i:t] fall [f:l] feed [fi:d] feel [fi:l] nd] forget [fget] forgive [fgv] freeze [fri:z] get [get] give [gv]
led [led] left [left] lent [lent] let [let] lit [lt] lost [lst] meant [ment] met [met] put [pt] read [red] ridden [rdn] rung [r] risen [rzn] run [rn] said [sed] seen [si:n] sent [sent] set [set] shot [t] shut [t] sung [s] sat [st] slept [slept] spelt [spelt] spent [spent] stood [std] swept [swept] swum [swm] taught [t:t]
lose [lu:z] mean [mi:n] meet [mi:t] put [pt] read [ri:d] ring [r] run [rn] see [si:] sell [sel] send [send] set [set] shoot [u:t] shut [t] sing [s] sit [st] sleep [sli:p] speak [spi:k] spell [spel] spend [spend] stand [stnd] sweep [swi:p] swim [swm] teach [ti:] tell [tel]
fell [fel] fed [fed] felt [felt] fought [f:t] found [fand] flew [flu:] forgot [fgt] fo got [gt] went [went] grew [gru:] hung [h] had [hd] heard [h:d] hit [ht] held [held] hurt [h:t] kept [kept]
hang [h] have [hv] hear [h] hit [ht] hurt [h:t] keep [ki:p]
Translation
Translation
QUESTION WORDS What [wt]________ Who [hu:]_______ When [wen] ________ Where [we]______ Why How [h] _______ How old _______________ How much [m]_________ How many [mn] _______ What colour [kl] _______ What time
PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE
in
on in front of
under
between
Short adjectives
Positive Comparative
(add - er)
Irregular adjectives
Positive Comparative Superlative
Superlative
(add the -est)
Superlative
(the most + adj.)
popular careful
Spelling rules
the best the worst the least the oldest the eldest
1. If one- syllable adjectives ends in a single vowel and a consonant (except -w), we double the consonant and add er or est.
big bigger the biggest, fat fatter the fattest 2. If a two- syllable adjective ends in y before a consonant, we change y to -i" and add er or est happy happier the happiest, busy busier the busiest
p o l i t e , s t up i d , c o m m o n , s i m p l e , ha nd s o m e , g e nt l e , na r r o w , p l e a s a nt etc.
3. With some common two- syllable adjectives we can either add -er and -est or use more and the most:
MUCH - MANY Many before countable nouns many friends, many apples Much before uncountable nouns much sugar, much money
I have a lot of friends. + Do you have many friends? ? I dont have many friends. There are a few apples on the table. I have a little money with me.
A FEW - A LITTLE A few before countable nouns a few friends, a few apples A little before uncountable nouns a little sugar, a little money