communication Communication is a process that involves exchange of information, thoughts, ideas and emotions.

Communication is a process that involves a sender who encodes and sends the message, which is then carried via the communication channel to the receiver where the receiver decodes the message, processes the information and sends an appropriate reply via the same communication channel. Types of Communication Communication can occur via various processes and methods and depending on the channel used and the style of communication there can be various types of communication. Types of Communication Based on Communication Channels Based on the channels used for communicating, the process of communication can be broadly classified as verbal communication and non-verbal communication. Verbal communication includes written and oral communication whereas the non-verbal communication includes body language, facial expressions and visuals diagrams or pictures used for communication. Verbal Communication Verbal communication is further divided into written and oral communication. The oral communication refers to the spoken words in the communication process. Oral communication can either be face-to-face communication or a conversation over the phone or on the voice chat over the Internet. Spoken conversations or dialogs are influenced by voice modulation, pitch, volume and even the speed and clarity of speaking. The other type of verbal communication is written communication. Written communication can be either via snail mail, or email. The effectiveness of written communication depends on the style of writing, vocabulary used, grammar, clarity and precision of language. Nonverbal Communication Non-verbal communication includes the overall body language of the person who is speaking, which will include the body posture, the hand gestures, and overall body movements. The facial expressions also play a major role while communication since the expressions on a person's face say a lot about his/her mood. On the other hand gestures like a handshake, a smile or a hug can independently convey emotions. Non verbal communication can also be in the form of pictorial representations, signboards, or even photographs, sketches and paintings. Types of Communication Based on Style and Purpose Based on the style of communication, there can be two broad categories of communication, which are formal and informal communication that have their own set of characteristic features. Formal Communication Formal communication includes all the instances where communication has to occur in a set

formal format. Typically this can include all sorts of business communication or corporate communication. The style of communication in this form is very formal and official. Official conferences, meetings and written memos and corporate letters are used for communication. Formal communication can also occur between two strangers when they meet for the first time. Hence formal communication is straightforward, official and always precise and has a stringent and rigid tone to it. Informal Communication Informal communication includes instances of free unrestrained communication between people who share a casual rapport with each other. Informal communication requires two people to have a similar wavelength and hence occurs between friends and family. Informal communication does not have any rigid rules and guidelines. Informal conversations need not necessarily have boundaries of time, place or even subjects for that matter since we all know that friendly chats with our loved ones can simply go on and on.

Radio Broadcasting Radio Broadcasting is the distribution of audio signals that transmit programs to an audience. There are wide varieties of broadcasting systems, all of which have different capabilities. It can vary from limited area coverage to national and can be used to transmit signals globally too, using retransmitted towers, satellite systems, and cable distribution. Satellite radio revolutionaries the entire scenario, it could cover even wider areas, such as entire continents, and Internet channels can distribute text or streamed music worldwide. In the late 1990s, digital transmissions began to be applied to broadcasting. A broadcast may be distributed through several physical means. If coming directly from the studio at a single radio station, then it is simply sent to the transmitter from the antenna on the tower. Programming which comes through a satellite, played either live or recorded for transmission later. Different stations may simulcast the same programming at the same time. Usually analogue or digital tapes or CDs/DVDs are included in another broadcast. The final stage of broadcasting is to get the signal to the audiences. It is done via radio station to a receiver or through cable. Internet also brings radio to the recipient Following are some of the points which should be taken into consideration for making the communication effective: Speaking through eyes The first thing that a good speaker does is first looks at the audience and takes a pause before beginning his speech. This helps to create good impression on the audience. While making the way through speech one must take care that he is not too lengthy. One must break his lengthy speeches to short and interesting ideas. A link should be maintained between consecutive statements. This helps to maintain the rhythm of flow of speech and keep the ears of audience towards him. Throughout the speech speaker should have maintain eye contact with the audience. Every reaction has equal and opposite reaction. So if the speaker doesn't maintain

eye contact with the listeners they will feel that they are being ignored and it is quite likely that they also ignore whatever he is trying to convey. Voice level One more important thing while communicating is the level of voice that is he must be clear and audible to audience. A good voice can be strong point for being an effective speaker, although it's a natural gift but one can improve by skillful training and practice. Generally a good speaker knows with what tempo he should speak so that it's not too loud or too weak voice while speaking through amplifiers. Proper variation in pitch and tempo of the voice improves the quality of speech. Accurate pronunciation of words with due stresses wherever required must be done. The speed with which the words are thrown must be such that audience can keep pace with them and are able to understand him. A thing that unknowingly happens with most of us is that we keep on repeating the words like "I mean"," you see"," etc. This may distract the audience. Audience Awareness To make our communication successful get the clue about the audience their interests. Following points should be noted: 1) Get the rough idea of the strength of the listeners. 2) Think over the age, sex, background and interest of the listeners. 3) See whether the audience is patient enough to handle you for hours. Check out if they are friendly or hostile. 4) Choose the approach that suits the audience. 5) Create a feeling such that each individual feels that the speaker is trying to talk with him and sharing the joy and sorrow of events with him. 6) Let the audience know depth of your knowledge regarding the subject. 7) Show your sincerity and whole heartedness for the subject. 8) To keep the communications healthy do keep cracking jokes in between such that the jokes should not be appeared to be deliberately told. They should relate to topic. 9) Concentrate on your ideas and do not get distracted by the activities performed by the audience e.g. smiling, whispering. Facial expressions Face is mirror of an individual's personality. Facial expressions reveal what thoughts are running through a persons mind. For e.g. a smile expresses friendliness and affection. Raised eye-brows show surprise and furrowed forehead conveys fear and anxiety. All the emotions and various types of human behavior bring different expressions on face. So while communicating see that the facial expressions reveal your interest for the subject on which you are communicating. Postures The body movements while speaking must coordinate with your convincing power. They must be such that they add to the things which are more effectively caught visually than verbally.

For e.g. A head down shows the completion of a statement, raising of head indicates the end of the question. More frequent body movements reveal a state hurry or confusion in mind. Dress Sense The clothing plays an important role in presenting ourselves to society. The people who wear dress suitable to their body structure look attractive. A person's physical appearance and dress creates a definite impact on the communication process. A dress should be such that it is not too modern for the people whom we are interacting yet be able to create a positive impression on them. These were the few things which many of us overlook but these small things contribute for effective communication. Regular follow up of these things will enhance the skill of communicating.

Men, we know don't cry. And we also know, they don't talk much. But the fact is that men are desperate to talk, to speak their hearts out. But usually they shy away from saying what's on their mind. Follow this guide on how to get your man talking freely to you. Win his confidence Unlike their better halves, most men are afraid of women being critical of them. Men hate being humiliated. So don't judge him by what he's saying or make fun of his ideas. Just accept him the way he is and encourage him to talk. Talk about yourself In order to help him talk about himself, reveal a little about yourself - your past, your favourite songs, an embarrassing incident. You'll help him feel comfortable, and eventually get him talking. Let go of the past Don't rake up unpleasant memories. If he hurt you the day before yesterday, don't hold on to it. Men hate lingering on the same topic. If he'd said sorry, simply forget the incident. You don't want him to clam up. Be a good listener Instead of yapping, give your guy a chance to discuss certain issues or just pour his heart out. Be patient, it can be tiring playing the role of a listener. But it'll pay in the end. Make him feel special

You need to exude a feeling of togetherness. Be around him, buy him his favourite deo or CD, cook a meal for him, go out for a movie - just make him feel special. This is the best way you can get him to open up and talk his heart out.