Reported Speech

Direct Speech
Simple Present
(play/plays - dont/ doesnt play)

Reported Speech Indirect Speech

Simple Past
(played didnt play)

Present Continuous
(am / is / are + ing form)

Past Continuous
(was / were + ing form)

Present Perfect
(has / have + Past Participle)

Past Perfect
(had + Past Participle)

Present Perfect Continuous

(has / have + been + ing form)

Past Perfect Continuous

(had + been + ing form)

Simple Past
(played/went - didnt play/go) (will + Infinitive without to) (would + Infinitive without to)

Past Perfect
(had played/had gone hadnt played/gone) (would + Infinitive without to)

Future

Conditional

Conditional

Conditional Perfect
(would have + Past Participle)

Imperative
(Example: Open the door! / Dont open the door)

Infinitive
(Example: to open the door / not to open)

Other Changes must here this / these today yesterday the day before yesterday tomorrow last week next week now ago had to (+Infinitive without to) there that / those (on) that day the day before two days before the following/the next day the week before/the previous week the week after/the following week at that moment / then before

Introductory Verbs: to say, said, said - to reply, replied, replied to tell, told, told - to agree, -ed, -ed to ask, -ed, -ed - to disagree, -ed, -ed to suggest,-ed,-ed - to order, -ed, -ed to offer, -ed, -ed - to emphasize, -ed, -ed to advise, -ed, -ed - to announce, -ed, -ed

- to complain, -ed, -ed - to explain, -ed, -ed - to answer, -ed, -ed - to add, -ed, -ed - to insist, -ed, -ed - to apologise, -ed,-ed

Personal Pronouns Subject I you he she it we you they Object Me you him her it us you them

Possessive Adjectives my your his her its our your their Pronouns mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs

Reflexive Pronouns myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves

Attention! The auxiliary verb do, does and did disappear in questions!

Examples:

Where did you see the film? \\ Where do you see the film? He asked her where she had seen the film. \\... where she saw the film.
Simple Present Simple Past

BUT

Ex: I dont play tennis now. He said that he didnt play tennis at that moment.
Simple Past Past Perfect

Ex: I didnt play tennis. He said that he hadnt played tennis.

To report questions with NO question word that start with a verb you use IF

Ex: Are you at home later? He asked if I was at home later. (the verb doesnt need to be before the subject because it is
no longer a question)

Exercises:
A. Change into the Reported Speech: 1. John said: I live in a nice city and my house is very nice. 2. They explained: We will finish our homework on time. 3. Mary asked Anthony: Where do you live? Is your house near? 4. She told him: I am playing computer now because my mother lets me. 5. He asked her: Are you listening to my CD? 6. His mother insisted: Have another piece of cake. Dont be shy. 7. The teacher asked Paul: Do you usually bring your book to class? Is this your book? 8. The student answered: Yes, I have my book here with me. That isnt mine. 9. My mother told me: Clean your room now or I wont let you read these magazines. 10. The doctor asked Jack: When did you feel this pain? Was it very strong? 11. She said: I went to the cinema with my best friend, but we didnt like the film. 12. Her uncle told her: I have never been in London, but I would like to go there. Your teacher Susana Pires