NAME OF THE SCHOOL

GOVT. SEC
SCHOOL.BOYS.NABHA

PROJECT
ON
PETROL ENGINE
 INDEX
1. History of Engine
2. Engine
3. Classification of Engine
4. Internal Combustion
5. Four principal types of internal
combustion engine
6. Types of petrol engine
(a) Two stroke engine
(b) Four stroke engine
7. Operation of four stroke cycle petrol engine
(a) Suction stroke
(b) Compression stroke
(c) Power stroke
(d) Exhaust stroke
8. Parts of combustion system
9. Difference between Two stroke
and four stroke engine
 HISTORY OF ENGINE
First ever three wheeler with Petrol Engine was invented by
Nicole Joseph from France in 1760. Its speed was 3km/ hr.
After some time, a four wheeler car was invented by
‘Avers’. Later in 1885 first 4 Stroke (Engine) car was
invented by Dembler Benz.

ENGINE
Machine for converting energy into motion or mechanical
work.

Parts of Combustion System of petrol engine

• Cylinder
• Crankshaft
• Exhaust Manifold
• Piston
• Spark plug
• Intake Manifold
• Fuel injector
• Valve

Four principal types of internal-combustion

engines are in general use:
• The Otto-cycle engine ,(petrol engine)
• The diesel engine,
• The rotary engine,
• The gas turbine.
 Classification of Engine

1 Internal combustion engine

2 External combustion engine

Internal-Combustion

• Internal-Combustion Engine
Any type of machine that obtains mechanical
energy directly from the expenditure of the chemical
energy of fuel.
 Types of Petrol Engine
• Two Stroke Petrol Engine
• Four Stroke Petrol Engine

TWO-STROKE ENGINES
• The power of a two-stroke engine is usually double
that of a four-stroke engine of comparable size.
• First Stroke (Suction And Compression Stroke)
• Second Stroke (Power and Exhaust Stroke)

First Stroke
During the first stroke, as the piston moves up from the
BDC, it closes all the three ports, namely the inlet, transfer
and exhaust ports. The piston compresses the mixture of
petrol and air inside the cylinder.

Second stroke
• During the second stroke, the piston moves down from
the TDC
And the inlet port is closed. The fuel mixture is
compressed by the bottom of the piston and the crank. It
then gets pushed into the cylinder through the transfer port.
 OTTO-CYCLE ENGINES
The ordinary Otto-cycle engine is a

Four-Stroke Engine
OPERATION OF FOUR STROKE CYCLE
PETROL ENGINE

• Suction Stroke
• Compression Stroke
• Power Stroke
• Exhaust Stroke
Suction Stroke

• During the suction stroke, the inlet valve is opened

and the exhaust valve is closed.

Compression stroke
• During the compression stroke both the inlet and
exhaust valves are closed.
Power Stroke
Both the inlet and exhaust valves remain closed during the
power stroke.

Exhaust Stroke
• During the exhaust stroke, the inlet valve is closed and
the exhaust valve is opened. When the burnt gas is
pushed out of the cylinder, the exhaust valve closes.
 Difference between Four-stroke Engine
and Two stroke Engine
Four-stroke Engine
1.Power is developed for every two
revolutions of the crankshaft
crankshaft
2.Consist of valves, camshafts and tappets.
valves
3.For the same size, power is less for the
more for same number of revolutions
revolutions
4.Engine is water cooled
5.Used in cars and commercial vehicles
Two-stroke Engine
1. Power is developed for every
one revolution of the
2. Consist only of ports with no
3. For the same size, power is
the same number of
4. Engine is air cooled
5. Used in motor cycle, scooter
REFERENCES
• MICROSOFT ENCARTA ENCYCLOPEDIA
• AUTOMOBILE TEXT BOOKS
• INTERNET
Made By
(CLASS 9TH)
GURWINDER SINGH
DAVINDER SINGH
KRISHEN
SONY

GUIDED BY
Mr.PARMINDER SINGH Mr.RAMANDEEP
(STUDENT TRAINER) (LECT.AUTOMOBILE)