MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH ASME SECTION V, ARTICLE 7

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 Objective 2.0 Reference Documents 3.0 Application 4.0 Method of Examination 5.0 Materials Characteristics 6.0 Particle Bath Concentration 7.0 Lighting 8.0 Surface Preparation 9.0 Equipment Calibration 10.0 Examination Techniques 11.0 Demagnetization Procedure 12.1 Post Cleaning 13.0 Evaluation of Indications 14.0 Evaluation of Indications per ASME Section III, Division I, 2007, Latest Addenda

15.0 Evaluation of Indications per ASME Sec. VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 6, 2007, Latest Addenda, and API Standard 650, 10th Edition 16.0 Acceptance/Rejection Standards in Accordance with ASME Section I (Castings) Pg-25, 2007, Latest Addenda 17.0 Accept/Reject Standards for Welds in Accordance with ANSI/ANSI B 31.1, 2007, Latest Addenda

18.0 Acceptance/Rejection Standards for Components and Welds In Accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, 2006, Latest Addenda 19.0 Reports Figure 1

1.0

Objective

To establish a standardized method for conducting magnetic particle examinations, which comply with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section V, Article 7. All personnel performing Magnetic Particle examination shall follow all manufactures recommended safety guidelines as well as all applicable Conam and Client safety procedures.

2.0

Reference Documents

2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9

ASME Section V, 2007, latest addenda , ND, NF, 2007, latest addenda ASME Section III, Subsections NB, NC ASME Section I, 2007, latest addenda enda ASME Section VIII, DIV. 1, 2007, latest add ANSI/ASME B31.1, 2007, latest addenda .3, 2006, latest addenda ANSI/ASME B31 ASTM E70901 API Standard 650, 11th Edition, latest addenda Written Practice for Qualification and Certification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel.

2.10 Procedure for the Certification of Visual and Nondestructive Testing Personnel in Accordance with ANSI/ASNT CP189 and SNTTC1A

3.0

Application

3.1 The provisions contained herein provide the specific requirements that are to be used to accomplish magnetic particle inspections and interpretations using various code criteria. 3.2 Only certified personnel shall perform and interpret magnetic particle inspections for final acceptance. technicians will be certified in accordance with SNTTC1A and written practice. 3.3 Magnetic particle examination provides for the detection of cracks, laps, seams cold shuts laminations and other linear discontinuities, on or near the surface, in welds, plates, forgings, tubular products, and castings. Magnetic particle examination is applicable only to ferromagnetic materials. 3.4 Sizes and shapes of items to be examined shall be unrestricted, provided the required magnetic flux can be proven adequate and maintained for the technique used.

3.5 Performance demonstration, when required by the referencing Code section or customer, shall be documented and maintained on file.

4.0

Method of Examination

4.1 The ferromagnetic particles used in an examination medium can be either wet or dry, and may be either fluorescent or non fluorescent. Examination(s) shall be done with the continuous method. When dry powder is used a powder blower shall be used for the application of the powder. For wet particles solutions, the bath will be sprayed to provide a uniformed coverage of the examination area using aerosol or pressurized sprayers. 4.1.1 Dry Particles: The magnetizing current shall remain on while the examination medium is being applied and while any excess of the examination medium is removed. The excess particles can be removed with a light stream of air from a bulb, syringe or other source of low pressure dry air. 4.1.2 Wet Particles: The magnetizing current shall be turned on after the particles have been applied. Flow of particles shall stop with the application of current. Wet particles applied from aerosol spray cans may be applied before and/or after magnetizing current is applied. Wet particles may be applied during the application of magnetizing current if they are not applied directly to the examination area and are allowed to flow over the examination area or are applied directly to the examination area with low velocities insufficient to remove accumulated particles.

5.0

Materials Characteristics

5.1 5.1.1 5.1.2 5.1.3 5.1.4

Dry and wet particles, particle suspension vehicles and particle concentration shall be in accordance with SE709. Magnetic Particles must have high permeability and low retentivity. Particle size and shape must be uniform. Particles should be free of rust, grease, paint, dirt and other deleterious materials. Color selection to be based on what will provide adequate contrast with surface being examined.

5.1.5 Temperature limitations shall be within the manufacture recommendations. When temperatures outside the manufactures limits are needed, a procedure shall be qualified in accordance with Article 1, T150 at the proposed temperature. 5.2 5.2.1 5.3 5.3.1 5.4 Dry Particles Dry Particles are not to be used on surfaces of parts exceeding 600 F. Wet Particles The temperature of a wet particle suspension and the surface of the part shall not exceed 120 F. Wet Suspension Vehicle (Oil)

5.4.1 Viscosity not to exceed 3.0 cSt (3 mm2/s) at 100 F, and not more that 5.0 cSt (5mm2/s) at lowest temperature at which being used. 5.4.2 5.4.3 5.4.4 5.4.5 5.5 Minimum flash point of 200 F. Odorless (not objectionable to user). Low inherent fluorescence When code specifies sulfur and chlorine limits, use test methods D129 and D808 to determine values. Wet Suspension Vehicle (Water)

5.5.1 If water is used as a vehicle it shall be in a commercially available aerosol can and shall meet all the criteria of SE 709 Section 8.4.4.2 (ASME sec V Article 25). 5.5.2 When authorized the above may be substituted with conditioned water that meets the requirements of SE 709 Section 8.4.4.2 (ASME sec V Article 25) and applied with a suitable sprayer.

6.0

Particle Bath Concentration

6.1

For non fluorescent particles use a 1.5ml stem (0.1ml divisions) pear shaped centrifuge tube.

6.2 When utilizing a recirculation system, allow the suspension to circulate through the system for at least 30 minutes prior to sampling. 6.3 Take a 100 ml portion of suspension, demagnetize and allow to settle 60 minutes (petroleum distillate) or 30 minutes (water based suspensin) before reading. 6.4 Settling volume must be from 1.2 to 2.4 ml per 100 ml of vehicle unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer. 6.5 For fluorescent particles use a 1 ml stem (0.05 ml divisions) pear shaped centrifuge tube.

6.6 When utilizing a recirculation system, allow the suspension to circulate through the system for at least 30 minutes prior to sampling. 6.7 Take a 100 ml portion of suspension, demagnetize and allow to settle 60 minutes (petroleum distillate) or 30 minutes (water based suspension) before reading. 6.8 Settling volume must be from 0.1 to 0.4 ml per 100ml of vehicle unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer.

6.9 The bath shall be checked upon initial preparation of mixture and every eight hours or shift change if being used in a stationery horizontal magnetic particle unit with a recirculating pump. 6.10 If bath is being used one time and totally consumed (example: spraying a large turbine rotor) concentration need only be checked upon initial preparation.

6.11 For wet horizontal units, both fluorescent and nonfluorescent suspensions shall be checked once a week for contamination such as dirt, scale, oil, lint, loose fluorescent pigment, water and particle agglomerates which can affect the examination process. 6.12 Carrier contamination can be check by observing the fluid with a black light and comparing to a fresh batch or a portion held in reserve from the original bath. If the bath appears to be more fluorescent the bath shall be replaced. 6.13 For wet horizontal units the Particles in the bath shall be check once a week for contamination. The particle concentration will be observed with a black light and visible light for Striations or bands of color differences. If the striations or bands of color exceed 30% of volume the bath shall be replaced.

7.0

Lighting

7.1

Nonfluorescent Examination

7.1.1 A minimum of 100 fc (1000 Lx) is required on the surface to be examined to ensure adequate sensitivity during the examination and evaluation of indications. The light source, technique used and light level verification is required to be demonstrated one time, documented, and maintained on file. 7.2 7.2.1 Fluorescent Examination Must be performed in a darkened area.

7.2.2 Examiner shall be in darkened area for at least 5 minutes prior to performing examination to allow eyes to adapt to dark viewing. If the examiner wears glasses, they shall not be photosensitive or permanently tinted lenses. 7.2.3 The black light shall be allowed to warm up for a minimum of 5 minutes prior to use or measurement of the intensity of the ultraviolet light emitted. Reflectors and filters should be checked and cleaned daily when in use. Cracked or broken filters shall be replaced immediately. 7.2.4 7.2.5 Intensity of visible ambient light in darkened area not to exceed 2fc (20lux). Black light intensity at examination surface must be a minimum of 1000 W/cm2

7.2.6 Black light intensity to be checked before start of examination, and at least once every 8 hours and whenever work station or bulb is changed. The black light intensity shall be checked with a black light meter prior to use, when the power source is interrupted or changed and whenever the bulb is replaced and at the end of the examination or series of examinations.

8.0

Surface Preparation

8.1 Surface Preparation Procedure: The surface to be examined and any adjacent area within at least one inch of the surface to be examined shall be dry and free from oil, grease, sand, loose rust, or loose scale and paint. Ascast, asrolled, asforged, or aswelded surfaces are generally satisfactory if clean and if the weld contour blends into the base metal without undercutting. If the surface is unusually rough, such as with burnedin sand or a very rough weld bead,

interpretation may be difficult because the powder is being trapped mechanically. In case of doubt a light grind is necessary to determine if actual indications are present. Cleaning may be accomplished using detergents, organic solvents, descaling solutions, paint removers, vapor degreasing, sand or grit blasting or ultrasonic cleaning methods. 8.2 It is not the intent of this procedure to be used on parts that have a coating on them. Refer to ASME Section V, Article 7, and Appendix I.

9.0

Equipment Calibration

9.1 Magnetizing equipment with an ammeter shall be calibrated at least once a year or when subjected to repair, overhaul, or damaged. 9.2 9.3 9.4 Equipment used to verify ammeter accuracy shall be verified annually on equipment traceable to NIST. AC yokes will be verified by lifting a 10 lb. weight at maximum pole spacing that it will be used. D.C. yokes will be verified by lifting a 40 lb. weight at maximum pole spacing that it will be used.

9.5 Yokes shall be certified at least once per year or when the yoke is damaged and/or repaired. Yoke certification shall be recorded on a log that indicates the date the certification was performed, and the certification results. 9.6 Light meters, both visible and fluorescent (black) light meters, shall be calibrated at least once a year or whenever the meter as been repaired. If meters have not been used for one year or more the meters shall be recalibrated before using them.

10.0

Examination Techniques

10.1 Prior to the Magnetic Particle examination the component will be inspected to locate any surface discontinuities, open to the surface, which may be too wide to hold the particles. 10.2 When Direct Current is required it may be rectified. The rectified current can be either three phase (full wave rectified) or single phased (half wave rectified) current. The amperage for three phased may be measured by measuring the average current. The amperage of Single phased half wave rectified is check my measuring the average current during the conducting of half cycles only. If using a direct current tester, Multiply by Two (2) when measuring halfwave rectified current. 10.3 Sequence of Operations: Examinations shall be carried out by the continuous method; that is, the magnetizing current shall remain on during the period the examination medium is being applied and also while excess examination medium is being removed. 10.4 Magnetization: Any suitable means of establishing the necessary magnetic flux may be employed such as passing a current through the material, by using a magnetic yoke or by wrapping the part or surface with a coil through which a magnetizing current is passed.

10.5 At least two separate examinations shall be performed, the second at approximately 90 to the first. A different technique for magnetization may be used for the second examination. 10.6 Overlap is to be sufficient to assure 100% coverage, at the required sensitivity.

10.7 Magnetizing Field Adequacy: When it is necessary to verify the adequacy or direction of the magnetizing field, a magnetic particle field indicator described in Figure 1 shall be used. The indicator shall be positioned on the surface to be examined and a suitable flux or field strength is indicated when a clearly defined line of magnetic particles forms across the copper face of the indicator when the magnetic particles are applied simultaneously with the magnetizing force. If this does not occur, the magnetizing technique shall be changed or adjusted. 10.8 Prod Technique

10.8.1 Examination Medium: magnetic particles in dry form shall be used with the prod method 10.8.2 Magnetizing Technique: Magnetization is accomplished by the use of portable prodtype electrical contacts pressed against the surface in the area to be inspected. A remote control switch built into the prod handles permits the inspector to turn the current on after the prods have been properly positioned and to turn it off before the prods are removed in order to prevent arcing. 10.8.3 Prod Spacing: Prod spacing shall be a maximum of eight inches. Shorter spacing may be used to meet the geometry of the part being examined or to increase sensitivity, but prod spacing less than three inches usually is not feasible due to banding of the particles around the prods. The prod tips shall be kept clean and dressed. 10.8.4 Magnetizing Current: Direct or rectified magnetizing current shall be used based on 100 to 125 amperes per inch of prod spacing for section in thick and greater. For sections less than in thick, the current shall be 90110 amperes per inch of prod spacing. 10.8.5 Inspection: Prods are positioned on the surface to be examined and the magnetizing current turned on. The particles are then dusted lightly over the surface. Any excess particles are removed with a gentle air stream. The air stream should not disturb or remove lightly held particle patterns. In order to recognize broad, fuzzy, lightly held patterns produced by subsurface discontinuities, it is essential to observe carefully the formation of indications while the particles are being applied and also while any excess is being removed. Proper lighting will facilitate observation of these patterns. The current is then turned off and the prods repositioned for the second inspection of the area. 10.8.6 Progression of the examination conducted with the prods placed parallel to the axis of the weld shall require a minimum of one inch overlap of the prod contract points relative to the preceding area examined. Progression of the examination conducted with the prods placed perpendicular to the axis of the weld shall require that the increments of progression do not exceed onehalf the distance of the prod spacing used. All indications shall be evaluated in accordance with the applicable addendum attached hereto or in terms of the acceptance criteria specified in the governing document. 10.9 Longitudinal Magnetization Technique

Note: For components with an L/D ratio of less than 2 the coil technique cannot be used. 10.9.1 Examination Medium: Either dry or wet particles shall be used as the examination medium. 10.9.2 Magnetizing Technique: Magnetization is accomplished by passing direct or rectified current through a multiturn coil looped around the part or section of the part that is to be inspected. This produces a magnetic field parallel to the axis of the coil.

10.9.3 For parts with an L/D ratio equal to or greater than 4, the ampere turns formula is as follows: 35,000 / (L/D) + 2 10.9.4 For parts with an L/D ratio less than 4 but not less than 2, the ampereturns formula is as follows: 45,000 / (L/D) 10.9.5 Long parts shall be examined in sections not to exceed 18in, and 18in shall be used for the part L in calculating the required field strength. 10.9.6 If the area to be magnetized extends beyond 6in on either side of the coils, field adequacy shall be demonstrated using the magnetic field indicator as described in 10.7. 10.9.7 For large parts due to size and shape, the magnetizing current shall be 1200 ampere turns to 4500 ampere turns. The field adequacy shall be demonstrated using the magnetic field indicator as describe in 10.7. 10.9.8 Magnetizing current required will use the following formula: Amperes (Meter reading) =Ampere Turns/Turns 10.9.9 Direction of Magnetization: At least two separate examinations shall be carried out on each area. The second inspection shall be with current flow approximately at right angles to that used for the first examination in that area. A different means of magnetizing may be used for the second examination. 10.9.10 Inspection: The part is to be located as near to the inside wall of the coil as practical and the examination medium (wet or dry) liberally applied to all surfaces of the part. The instant the bath stream is removed from the part, the magnetizing shot is applied. For application of dry particles reference Paragraph 10.8.5. Indications of discontinuities are noted and the second examination of the area is made. All indications shall be evaluated in accordance with the applicable addendum attached hereto or in terms of the acceptance criteria specified in the governing document. 10.10 Circular Magnetization Technique 10.10.1 Examination Medium: Either dry or wet particles shall be used as the examination medium. 10.10.2 Magnetizing Technique (Direct Contact): Magnetization of the part as a whole is accomplished by passing current through the part to be tested from end to end. Care shall be taken to provide sufficient contact area to pass the required amperage without overheating or burning the part. 10.10.2.1 Magnetizing Current: Direct or rectified (halfwave or fullwave rectified) magnetizing current shall be used. The current shall be 300 amp/in. to 800 amp/in. For parts with geometric shapes other than round with the greatest crosssectional diagonal to the plane at right angles to the current flow shall be determined the inches to be used for the amp/in needed. Alternatively the magnetizing amperage may be established using the magnetic field indicator as described in Paragraph 10.7. 10.10.3 Direction of Magnetization: At least two separate examinations shall be carried out on each area. The second examination shall be with the lines of magnetic flux approximately perpendicular to those used for the first examination in that area. A different means of magnetizing may be used for the second examination. 10.10.4 Magnetizing Technique (Central Conductor): The magnetization of the part is accomplished by passing a current through the central conductor. This technique is suitable for the examination of the internal surfaces of ring or

cylindrically shaped parts. The central conductor technique may also be used for examining the outside surfaces of these shapes. For large diameter cylinders, the conductor shall be positioned close to the internal surface of the cylinder. When the conductor is not centered, the circumference of the cylinder shall be examined in increments and a magnetic particle field indicator shall be used to determine the arc that may be examined for each conductor position. Bars or cables may be used as the central conductor. 10.10.4.1 Magnetizing Current: For a singleturn central conductor the amperage requirements shall be in accordance with 10.10.2.1. The amperage requirements will be proportionately reduced by one half for each time a central conductor passes through a hollow part. When the central conductor technique is used the magnetic field adequacy shall be verified by using a magnetic particle field indicator in accordance with 10.7. 10.10.5 Inspection: After the means of magnetization have been brought into the proper relationship with the surface to be examined the magnetizing current is turned on. The examination medium is then applied to the area to be examined. All indications shall be evaluated in accordance with the applicable addendum attached hereto or in terms of the acceptance criteria specified in the governing document. 10.11 Yoke Method Procedure 10.11.1 Application: This method shall be used only to detect surface discontinuities. 10.11.2 Examination Medium: Magnetic particles in either dry or wet form shall be used with the yoke method. 10.11.3 Magnetizing Technique: Alternating or direct current electromagnetic yokes or permanent magnet yokes shall be used. 10.11.3.1 Except for materials in. or less in thickness, alternating current yokes are superior to direct current or permanent magnetic yokes of equal lifting power for the detection of surface discontinuities. 10.11.4 Magnetizing Current: Alternating current or direct current may be used. If AC is used the lifting power of the yoke must be at least 10 pounds at the maximum pole spacing at which it will be used. When DC is used the lifting power of the yoke must be at least 40 pounds at the maximum pole spacing at which it will be used. 10.11.4.1 When necessary the weights well be weighed with a scale from a reputable manufacture and stenciled with the applicable nominal weight prior to first use. A weight need only be reverified if it is damaged in such a way that may have caused a loss of material. NOTE: When required by contract, all yokes will be tested at the start and end of each shift, when it is discovered that a yoke will not lift the required weight, all work inspected with that yoke will be reinspected using a yoke that meets the required lift test. 10.11.5 When it is necessary to verify the direction of the magnetizing field, the Magnetic Particle Field Indicator described in 10.7 shall be used by positioning the indicator on the surface to be examined. 10.11.6 Directions of Magnetization: At least two separate inspections shall be carried out on each area. The yoke shall be placed so that the magnetic field during the second inspection is approximately perpendicular to the magnetic field used in the first inspection. A different means of magnetizing may be used for a second inspection. 10.11.7 Inspection: The yoke is positioned on or near the surface to be examined and the magnetizing current turned on. The dry or wet particles are then applied to the area to be examined. Indications of defects are noted and the second examination of the area is made. All indications shall be evaluated in accordance with the applicable addendum

attached hereto or in terms of the acceptance criteria specified in the governing document. Examinations shall be conducted with sufficient overlap to assure 100% coverage at the established test sensitivity.

11.0

Demagnetization Procedure

11.1 Some parts will retain an appreciable magnetic field after inspection. This does not affect the mechanical properties of the piece and in many cases will not be detrimental to subsequent usage. In some cases, however, it may be necessary to demagnetize the part. If, for example, the part is to be subsequently machined, a residual field may cause chips to collect on the tool. Also the part may require demagnetization, if the part is to be used in locations near sensitive instruments. Demagnetization shall be required only if specifically called for in drawings, specifications, or purchase orders. In all cases the field strength used to demagnetize must be equal to or greater than the field that was used to magnetize the part. 11.1.1 Demagnetizing Techniques: The usual techniques of demagnetizing are as follows: 11.1.1.1 The method most widely used is to withdraw the part from the field of a high intensity alternating current coil. Field strength of 5,000 to 10,000 ampere turns shall be used. Care shall be exercised that the part is entirely removed from the influence of the coil before the demagnetizing force is discontinued, otherwise the demagnetizer will have the effect of magnetizing the part. 11.1.1.2 The alternating current magnetizing force may be reduced in small increments down to a negligible value. This usually requires special equipment that permits the current to be reduced in 25amps or smaller increments.

12.0

Post Cleaning

12.1 When required, post examination cleaning should be completed as soon as practical using a process that will not adversely affect the part.

13.0

Evaluation of Indications

13.1 Mechanical discontinuities at the surface will be indicated by the retention of the examination medium. All indications are not necessarily defects, however, since certain metallurgical discontinuities and magnetic permeability variations may produce similar indications that are not relevant to the detection of unacceptable discontinuities. 13.2 Any indication in excess of the applicable acceptance standard, which is believed to be nonrelevant shall be regarded as a defect and shall be reexamined to verify whether or not actual defects are present. Surface conditioning may precede the reexamination. Nonrelevant indications that would mask indications of defects are unacceptable. 13.3 Relevant indications are those that result from unacceptable mechanical discontinuities. Linear indications are those indications in which the length is more than three times the width. Rounded indications are indications which are

circular or elliptical with the length equal to or less than three times the width. As a minimum, rejectable indications shall be recorded as to the type of indications, i.e. Linear or Rounded, location and extent of length or diameter or aligned 13.4 Whenever a defect is removed and subsequent repair by welding is not required, the affected area shall be blended into the surrounding surface so as to avoid sharp notches, crevices, or corners. 13.5 After a defect is thought to have been removed and prior to making repairs, the area shall be examined by either liquid penetrant or magnetic particle methods to ensure that the defect has been eliminated. 13.6 After repairs have been made, the repaired area shall be reexamined by the magnetic particle method and by all other methods of examination that were originally required for the affected area. 13.7 Following magnetic particle inspection and the interpretation of results, the area inspected shall be cleaned utilizing an approved method. 13.8 All evidence of arc strikes or burning on the area inspected shall be removed and the area reinspected as follows: 13.8.1 The affected areas shall be removed by filing, grinding, or polishing. If the removal reduces the material below the minimum allowable thickness, the area shall be repaired. Retesting shall be performed on the repaired area using the same method(s) used for the original inspection. 13.8.2 Following removal of arc strikes or burning which does not remove material below the minimum allowable thickness, the area shall be reinspected using one of the following methods: a. Using an electromagnetic yoke in accordance with the requirements of Paragraph 10.11. b. Using coils (wrapped cables) in accordance with the requirements of Paragraph 10.9. 13.9 Surfaces inspected using magnetic particle examination techniques shall be evaluated and accepted or rejected in accordance with the applicable acceptance standards specified in the addenda attached hereto.

14.0

Evaluation of indications per ASME Section III, Division I, 2007, Latest Addenda

14.1 a. Mechanical discontinuities at the surface will be indicated by the retention of the examination medium. All indications are not necessarily defects, however, since certain metallurgical discontinuities and magnetic permeability variations may produce similar indications that are not relevant to the detection of unacceptable discontinuities. b. Any indication in excess of the acceptance standards, which is believed to be nonrelevant, shall be regarded as a defect and shall be reexamined by the same or other nondestructive examination method to verify whether or not actual defects are present. Surface conditioning may precede the re-examination. Non-relevant indications, which would mask indications of defects, are unacceptable. c. Relevant indications are indications that result from unacceptable mechanical discontinuities. Linear indications are indications in which the length is more than three times the width. Rounded indications are indications that are circular or elliptical, with the length equal to or less than three times the width. Indications resulting from nonmetallic inclusions are not considered relevant indications.

14.1.1 Acceptance/Rejection criteria for welds in accordance with ASME Section III, Subsections NB, NC, ND, and NF, 2007, Latest Addenda Acceptance Criteria a. Only imperfections producing indications with major dimensions greater than 1/16 in shall be considered relevant imperfections. b. Imperfections producing the following indications are unacceptable: Any cracks or linear indications; Rounded indications with dimensions greater than 316 in; Four or more rounded indications in a line separated by 116-in or less edge to edge; Ten or more rounded indications in any 6 in2 of surface with the major dimension of this area not to exceed 6 in with the area taken in the most unfavorable location relative to the indication being evaluated

15.0 Evaluation of Indications per ASME Sec. VIII, Div. 1, Appendix 6, 2007, Latest Addenda, and API Standard 650, 10th Edition 15.1 Indications will be revealed by retention of magnetic particles. All such indications are not necessarily imperfections, however, since excessive surface roughness, magnetic permeability variations (such as at the edge of heat affected zones), etc., may produce similar indications. An indication of an imperfection may be larger than the imperfection that causes it; however, the size of the indication is the basis for acceptance evaluation. Only indications, which have any dimension greater than 116 in. (1.5 mm), shall be considered relevant. 15.1.1 A linear indication is one having a length greater than three times the width. 15.1.2 A rounded indication is one of circular or elliptical shape with a length equal to or less tan three times its width. 15.1.3 Any questionable or doubtful indications shall be re-examined to determine whether or not they are relevant. 15.2 Accept/Reject Standards

15.2.1 Accept/Reject in accordance with ASME Sec. VIII, Div I, Appendix 6, 2007, and API Standard 650, 10th Edition. 15.2.2 These acceptance standards shall apply unless other more restrictive standards are specified for specific materials or applications within this Division. 15.2.2.1 All surfaces to be examined shall be free of:

Relevant linear indications; Relevant rounded indications greater than 316 in. (5 mm); Four or more relevant rounded indications in a line separated by 116 in. (1.5 mm) or less, edge to edge;

16.0

Acceptance/Rejection Standards in Accordance with ASME Section I (Castings) Pg25, 2007, Latest Addenda

16.1 The technique for magnetic particle examination shall be in accordance with Article 7 of Section V. Magnetic particle imperfections exceeding degree 1 of Type I, degree 2 of Type II, and degree 3 of Type III, and exceeding degree 1 of Types IV and V of ASTM E-125, Standard Reference Photographs for Magnetic Particle Indications on Ferrous Castings are unacceptable.

17.0

Accept/Reject Standards for Welds in Accordance with ANSI/ANSI B 31.1, 2007, Latest Addenda

17.1 Mechanical discontinuities at the surface will be indicated by the retention of the examination medium. All indications are not necessarily defects, however, since certain metallurgical discontinuities and magnetic permeability variations may produce similar indications which are not relevant to the detection of unacceptable discontinuities. 17.2 Any indication which is believed to be non-relevant shall be re-examined to verify whether or not actual defects are present. Surface conditioning may precede the re-examination. Non-relevant indications which would mask indications of defects are unacceptable. 17.3 Relevant indications are those which result from unacceptable mechanical discontinuities. Linear indications are those indications in which the length is more than three times the width. Rounded indications are indications which are circular or elliptical with the length equal to or less than three times the width. 17.4 An indication of discontinuity may be larger than the discontinuity that causes it; however, the size of the indication and not the size of the discontinuity is the basis of acceptance or rejection. 17.5 Acceptance Criteria

17.5.1 The following relevant indications are unacceptable: Any cracks or linear indications; Rounded indications with dimensions greater than 3/16 in; Four or more rounded indications in a line separated by 1/16 in or less edge to edge; Ten or more rounded indications in any 6 in2 of surface with the major dimension of this area not to exceed 6 in with the area taken in the most unfavorable location relative to the indications being evaluated.

18.0 Acceptance/Rejection Standards for Components and Welds In Accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.3, 2006, Latest Addenda

18.1

Unless otherwise specified by engineering design or code, no indications interpreted as cracks are acceptable.

19.0

Reports

19.1 A report of the NDE results shall be completed for each required examination. Content of the report shall include as a minimum: a. Procedure identification and revision b. Magnetic particle equipment and type of current c. Magnetic Particles (visible or fluorescent, wet or dry) identifying designation including batch number. d. Examination personnel identity and if required by referencing Code Section, qualification level e. Map or record of indications f. Material and thickness g. Lighting equipment h. Date of examination

19.2 The status of the NDE examination being performed shall be recorded on inspection report or other suitable format containing requirements of 19.1.

20.0

Figure 1