Optical Instruments

Geometric Optics 00-20. In the above figure, XY is the principal axis of a lens L. PQ and OS are two refracted rays from L with originate from a point object placed on the left side of L. Which of the following deductions is/are correct? (1) The lens L must be a concave lens. (2) The point object must lie along the line OS. (3) The image of the point object must be virtual. A. (1) only B. (3) only D. (2) and (3) only E. (1), (2) and (3) 01-16

C.

(1) and (2) only

The focal length of a concave mirror is f. The mirror will produce a real, inverted and diminished image when the distance of the object from the pole of the mirror is A. greater than 2f B. equal to 2f C. between f and 2f D. equal to f E. less then f

02-16 In the figure, L1 and L2 are two thin lenses with the same focal length 40 cm placed coaxially 20 cm apart. A beam of light originating from a distant object is incident on L 1. Which of the following statements about the final image formed by the system of lenses is correct? A. It is real and formed on the right of L2 B. It is real and formed between L1 and L2 C. It is virtual and formed between L1 and L2 D. It is virtual and formed on the left of L1 03-17 In the following ray diagrams, L is a convex lens and F is one of its principal foci. Which of the ray diagrams is/are possible? (1) (2) (3)

A. 05-09

(1) only

B. (3) only
o b j e c t

C.

(1) and (2) only

c o n v e x l e n s

D. (2) and (3) only

s c r e e n

A convex lens of focal length 20 cm forms a diminished image of an object (letter F) on a translucent screen, as shown. Which of the following deductions is/are correct? (1) The separation of the lens and the screen is less than 40 cm. (2) The separation of the object and the screen is greater than 80 cm. (3) Keeping the positions of the object and the screen unchanged, another sharp image can also be formed on the screen if the lens is moved nearer to the object. A. (1) only B. (1) and (2) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) Telescope 99-11 An astronomical refracting telescope is adjusted to view a distant object under normal adjustment. Which of the following statement is/are correct?

(1) (2) (3) A. D. 03-20

The first image formed by the objective is real and is smaller than the object. The final image formed by the eyepiece is at the least distance of distinct vision from the eye. If part of the objective is blocked by an opaque obstacle, part of the final image could not be viewed. (1) only B. (3) only C. (1) and (2) only (2) and (3) only E. (1), (2) and (3)

Typical microscopes and telescopes are both built from two converging lenses. In which of the following ways is a telescope similar to a microscope when both are in normal adjustment? A. In each the focal length of the objective lens is shorter than that of the eyepiece. B. In each the separation of the lenses is equal to the sum of their focal lengths. C. Each produces an intermediate image which is linearly magnified and inverted. D. In each the final image is inverted and virtual.

Acoustics
Intensity & loudness 84-18 A sound reproduction system produces a sound level of 95 dB above threshold. Assuming the threshold of hearing to be 10-12 Wm-2, 95 dB corresponds to an intensity of A. 5.6 x 10-8 Wm-2 B. 0.00316 Wm-2 C. 0.0316 Wm-2 D. 1.12 Wm-2 E. 6.3 x 104 Wm-2 87-27 If 3/4 of the sound energy produced by a typewriter is absorbed by a sponge rubber pad placed underneath, the sound level produced will fall by A. 0.25 dB B. 0.75 dB C. 3.00 dB D. 6.00 dB E. 12 dB

88-26 The figure above shows the variation of the displacement of air molecules along the x-axis in a standing sound wave at a particular time. At what positions will the pressure remain constant with respect to time? A. x = 0 and x = 2a only B. x = a and x = 3a only C. x = 0 and x = a only D. x = 2a and x = 3a only E. x = 0 , x = a, x = 2a and x = 3a 88-28 If the sound level of a source increases by 6 dB, the power emitted by the source will have its initial value multiplied by approximately A. log10 6 B. 2 C. 4 D. 6 E. 106 If the threshold of hearing is 10-12Wm-2, a sound level of one microwatt per m2 is above threshold by A. 6 dB B. 11 dB C. 60 dB D. 110 dB E. 120 dB

89-23

90-18

Which of the following represent the approximate noise levels (i) in a quiet school library? (ii) near the airport when an aircraft is taking off and flying overhead? (i) (ii) A. 30 dB 60 dB B. 60 dB 90 dB C. 30 dB 90 dB D. 90 dB 60 dB E. 60 dB 30 dB

Velocity of sound 82-41 The figure above shows each of the stationary traces S1 and S2 observed on the screen of a cathode ray oscilloscope connected to a microphone, when two tuning forks F1 and F2 respectively are sounded in turn. (The time base remains the same in each case.) Which of the following statements is/are correct? (1) The period of F1 is greater than the period of F2. (2) The pitch of F1 is greater than the pitch of F2. (3) The speed of sound from F1 is greater than the speed of sound from F2. A. if (1), (2) and (3) are all correct B. if (1) and (2) only are correct C. if (2) and (3) only are correct D. if (1) only is correct E. if (3) only is correct Doppler effect 80-20 A man stands beside a railway track as a train approaches and then passes him, sounding its whistle all the time. The true frequency of the whistle is 99 Hz. The highest note the man hears is of frequency 110 Hz. What is the frequency of the lowest note which he hears? A. 88 Hz B. 89 Hz C. 90 Hz D. 99 Hz E. 100 Hz 83-16 An ambulance with its siren sounding a note of constant frequency fs drives along a straight road. Which of the graphs below best represents the variation of frequency f heard by a man standing close to the road as the ambulance drives past? A. B. C.

D.

E.

85-42

A sound source S approaches an observer O at a constant speed v. Which of the following statements is/are correct? (1) The frequency of the source as heard by O increases linearly with time as S approaches O. (2) The sound appears louder and louder as S approaches O. (3) The wavelength of the wave appears to be shorter as S approaches O. A. if (1), (2) and (3) are all correct B. if (1) and (2) only are correct C. if (2) and (3) only are correct D. if (1) only is correct E. if (3) only is correct

86-26

An aeroplane flies horizontally at a low altitude with a constant speed of 300 m/s. It transmits a radio signal of frequency 30 MHz as it passes a receiving station. What is the difference in the frequencies received a long time before and a long time after the passage of the plane? A. 10 Hz B. 30 Hz C. 60 Hz D. 120 Hz E. 150 Hz Two identical sound sources send out sound waves to an observer. One of the sources is now moved away from the observer. The observer then hears alternate loud and weak signals, and loud signals are detected whenever the source moves through a distance of 0.50 m. If the speed of the source is 1/10 of the speed of sound, the wavelength emitted by the stationary source is A. 0.25 m B. 0.45 m C. 0.5 m D. 0.55 m E. 1.00 m A moving train sounds a whistle of frequency 500 Hz. The apparent frequency heard by an observer standing close to the railroad is 462 Hz. If the speed of sound in air is 300 m/s, the train is moving at a speed of A. 23 m/s away from the observer. B. 23 m/s towards the observer. C. 25 m/s away from the observer. D. 25 m/s towards the observer. E. 28 m/s away from the observer. Sound waves of frequency f are emitted by a source S. When S is moved with speed u (relative to the ground) towards a stationary observer O, a rise in pitch of Df is detected. Which of the following statements is/are correct? (1) The speed of sound waves relative to the observer is unaffected by the motion of S. (2) If both S and O move in the same direction with speed u, no rise in pitch will be detected. (3) If S is at rest with O moving towards it at speed u, the rise in pitch will also be Df. A. (1), (2) and (3) B. (1) and (2) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1) only E. (3) only A hydrogen source in a laboratory emits a line spectrum with one of the lines having wavelength 656.3 nm. For a star receding from the earth at a speed of 200 km/s, what would be the wavelength of the corresponding line from the star observed on the earth ? (velocity of light = 3 108 ms-1) A. 655.5 nm B. 655.9 nm C. 656.7 nm D. 657.1 nm E. 657.5 nm An ambulance, sounding its siren to produce a note of 800 Hz, approaches a stationary pedestrian P at a steady speed of 40 m/s. Calculate the frequency of the sound heard by P. (Speed of sound in air = 340 m/s) A. 706 Hz B. 716 Hz C. 800 Hz D. 894 Hz E. 907 Hz

87-26

88-27

90-24

93-26

94-19