Explain the role of the following organs in the digestive system

The mouth and salivary glands Salivary glands are in the mouth below the tongue and back of the mouth. When food is in your mouth they release an enzyme called amylase which starts the break up of foods. - WikiAnswers The Oesophagus It carries the food from the pharynx to the stomach. It has smooth muscles that allow it to perform peristalsis. Wikipedia The Stomach Bolus (masticated food) enters the stomach through the oesophagus via the oesophageal sphincter. The stomach releases proteases (protein-digesting enzymes such as pepsin) and hydrochloric acid, which kills or inhibits bacteria and provides the acidic pH of two for the proteases to work. Food is churned by the stomach through muscular contractions of the wall reducing the volume of the fundus, before looping around the fundus. Wikipedia The Pancreas

The pancreas is both an exocrine and endocrine organ. Endocrine glands release hormones into the blood in order to cause an effect in some part of the body. wereyouwondering.com The Liver The Liver is necessary for survival; there is currently no way to compensate for the absence of liver function long term. This organ plays a major role in metabolism and has a number of functions in the body, including glycogen storage, decomposition of red blood cells, plasma protein synthesis, hormone production, and detoxification. - Wikipedia The large Intestine The large intestine is the second-to-last part of the digestive system. Its function is to absorb water from the remaining indigestible food matter, and then to pass useless waste material from the body. Wikipedia The small Intestine The small intestine is the longest portion of the digestive tract - it is more than 6 meters long and is located within the middle of the abdomen. It has three sections, the duodenum, jejunum and ileum. - gesa.org The Colon The colon is the last part of the digestive system in most vertebrates; it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body, and is the site in which flora-aided (largely bacterial) fermentation of unabsorbed material occurs. Unlike the small intestine, the colon does not play a major role in absorption of foods and nutrients. However, the colon does absorb water, potassium and some fat soluble vitamins. - Wikipedia The rectum The rectum acts as a temporary storage site for feces. As the rectal walls expand due to the materials filling it from within, stretch receptors from the nervous system located in the rectal walls stimulate the desire to defecate. - Wikipedia The Bladder The excretory system has the responsibility of removing salts, acids, toxins and other substances from your body. Several organs contribute to the function of your excretory system, including your bladder. After production, urine travels into your bladder, and the organ stores the urine until it becomes full enough for you to feel. This fullness signals that you need to urinate, a process where the muscles that surround your bladder release the urine held inside so you can pass it out of your body. ehow.com The Gaul bladder

The gallbladder serves an important digestive function. It is required to emulsify fats so it can be properly transported through the intestine into the blood stream. webnat.com

Explain the role of the following food sources

Food Source Carbohydrate s Role The main role Carbohydrates is to supply energy. Examples of Food type Rice Pasta Bread

Fats Insulation to keep us warm also energy. Vegetable oil Nuts Butter

Proteins Each protein within the body has a specific role. Some proteins are involved in structural support, while others are involved in bodily movement, or in defence against germs. Fish Eggs Chicken

Evaluate your own diet

Carbohydrates 60%

Fats 15%

Proteins 25% How healthy is your diet? To be fair my diet isnt very healthy and it is something I need to improve on, I tend to eat rubbish foods but where I have a high metabolism I do not put on any weight.

Does your sport demand any specific diet requirements, if so what physiological changes does this cause? Basketball requires endurance and stamina because it is a constant running active sport, this means I need to have a lot of carbohydrates to build up energy.