SQL Server & .

NET

1. What are stored procedures?

Stored procedures are procedures, which while being created are compiled along
with the execution plan prepared and kept in the cache, and stored in the
database.
Hence, the reusability increases as well the performance, because the time taken
to recompile every time it’s executed, is saved.

2.Even views are precompiled like stored procedures, then how is the latter
better?
Even though views are precompiled like sps, views cannot be used to make
alterations to the table as flexibly as sps can do, views are used for read only
purpose, because the dml statements on table can be affected by views only
under certain conditions i.e. taking all the integrity constraints into consideration.

3.Give the syntax for creating stored procedure.

Create procedure <procedure name>
@Param 1 data type
@ Param 2 data type
………….
@Param 3 data type output
As

4.Give an idea on web testing?

Web testing involves considerations at two levels; Firstly, you check for the
navigation, missing links, indentation, etc with respect to the linked web pages.
Secondly, you check for whether, the requests being made for a page are
reaching the application server or not, and how is the communication between
the web server and the application server, also we need to check for the
performance of the network with respect to load provided by users.

5.Give an idea on xml

6.Comfort level with sql queries

Pretty comfortable

7.Write a query for finding the no. Of employees in each department,

wherein you have two tables
Table 1: EMP
Empid, empname, deptno
(primary key=empid, foreign key=deptno)

table 2 : department
deptno, deptname

select count(empid ) as ‘count of employees’ from EMP group by deptno

8.Write test cases on login screen

a. Login text: some data entered

Password text: no data entered press ok -> some action
b. Login text: some data entered
Password text: no data entered press cancels -> -appropriate action
c. Login text: some data entered
Password text: invalid password press ok -> message
d. Login text: no data entered
Password text: valid data press ok-> message
e. Login text: valid date entered
 Password text: valid data entered press ok -> required page should be
displayed

9.What are triggers

Triggers are specific stored procedures, which are event driven, the events which
fire triggers are insert, update and delete operations on the table,

10.Do u know visual basic, to what extent?

Yes ... rate in 1 to 10 scales

11.what have you tested in vds and patp application

written test cases for telecom accesses of the VDs application of satyam &
developed the patp application on ms access with vb coding as well as tested the
same

12.what are joins and different types of joins.

The different kinds of joins are inner joins and outer joins
Inner joins : self join, equi join, natural join
Outer joins : left join , right join, and full outer join

Q1: What are level5 KPAS?

A1: Technology change management, Process change management and
Defect Prevention

Q2: Why do you go for automation?

A2: Regression, Reusability and Accuracy. Here explain a practical scenario of
project.

Q3: How do you assess the requirements for testing?

A3: Well defined, Clarity, Test Conditions, test data and expected results

Q4: Do you feel KLOC is important now a day?

A4: Yes, for unit testing

Q5: Who is the decision-maker for testing related issues?

A5: SQA Manager in coordination with Project Manager

Q6: Who should say whether a tool is correct or not?

A6: Test Manager in coordination with Tool Specialist

Q7: Defect Tracking Tool?

A7: Clear Quest

Q8: Importance of Peer Reviews?

A8: Early defect prevention. Explain a practical scenario.

Q9: Profile related questions

Q10: What is the importance of White of Testing?

A10 To uncover logical errors. Mention the different scenarios faced in the project.

Q11: Personality Assessment

Q12: What are the factors to be noted for automation?

A12: Resuablity, Regression

Q13: From what stage testers role is involved?

A13: From Analysis stage
Q14: How do you do peer reviews and what are the defects identified? Is it
important?
A14: Coding Conventions, Naming Conventions & Standards
Yes, it is important

Q15: Test Case for User Name and Password?

A15: Mention the positive (correct format, boundary conditions) and negative test
case (blank characters, alphanumeric, special characters) for each

Q16: How do you go for stress testing?

A16: Using WAS Tool Explain its implementation in your project.

Q17: How many KPA’s are there in CMM?

A17: 18

Brief info on the project:

 Online news net, Newsgroup supports.
 Product support (Tomcat) & (SQL Servers)
 Black Box Functional testing

Q1: About yourself and latest project?

Q2: Roles and Responsibilities?

Q3: Difference between test design & test plan and when do they come into
picture?
A3:

Q4: Do you think the test case design is necessary?

A4: Yes

Q5: Is it possible to write Test cases from Test plan?

A5:

Q6: Constituents of Test Plan?

Objective – Objective of Testing (Functionality, Load Testing will have
different Test Plans)
Scope - Limitations of this Testing, any constraints involved in this Testing
Background – of the Application
Test Strategy – How you are going to test the application
S/W and H/W configurations – basically environment on which you are
going to test, and resources info too can be included here
Schedules and Milestones – what are the Schedules and how are u going to
deliver the things to the Client
Risks and Contingencies – any risk involved in this testing, what are the
mitigation plans you have like Onsite Server Failure, Onsite coordinator will
take care of this issue.
Metrics – how are you going to tell, HOW MUCH OF THE TESTING is
completed
Training – any Training is required for this Testing, including Automation
training if required
Test documents management – how and where the documents are stored

Q7: How many types of metrics are followed in a test plan?

A7: Defect Density, Effort and regression matrix
Q8: What types of metrics would you like to refer it the team size is about
5-10 members?
A8: Size and Effort

Q9: What r the different types of the testing u perform:

Functional
GUI
Performance
Load and Stress -
Installation
Configuration

Q10: How do you do integration testing?

A10:Identify the approaches Top Down & Bottom Up Approach
Identify logical modules for top down and Functional Modules in the Bottom up.
Write stubs in Top Down and Drivers in Bottom up.

Q11: Have u created stubs and drivers?

A11: Yes

Q12: What is system testing?

A12: Testing the functional behavior of the system as a whole.

Q13: Write test cases for ATM?

 Inserting a card and right PIN and Money Transactions
 Any other Transaction other than Money (Balance Enquiry, PIN Change)
 Enough Money in the ATM
 Correct account, enough balance in the a/c to Transact
 Power ON
 -Ve test cases like wrong PIN, Inserting 2 cards, Inserting Card Reverse

Q14: Test Cases for remote Control?

A14:

Q15: VB Form
Name Field
Address Field
OK and Cancel Button
SQL Database
Write test cases for the above.

Q16: Constituents of the test case? Methods of writing a test case?

Input Condtions, Test Data, Expected result, Post Conditions

Q17: Boundary values and equivalence partitioning testing?

Q18: Load test and stress test distinctions?

Q19: Which test should be conducted first? Load or Stress Test?

Q20: Metrics to be followed in Load testing? If the applications supports

500 users? How is that we are going to test the application?

Q21: If the requirement says, application supports 500 users, then should
the application support 501 users?
Q22:If the application supports 505 users then how would you react,
whether it is a bug, error, detect or added functionality.
A: Added functionality

Q23: If the setup is located at the central server

A) Install it from that location
B) Copy it and run
Difference and terminology in testing between the two?
Only one line answer

Q24: Prime Factors in GUI Testing?

Navigations, Field Validations, Controls in a form and Menus, spell checks and
alignments

Q25: Importance of ESC key in GUI Testing?

A25: equivaent to Cancel

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1. Previous project Roles and Responsibilities?

N.B Here the emphasis should be on roles and responsibilities in the last project
assignment and not about the project.

Example:
Actively involved in setting up the processes & initial setup for the project.

Was responsible for certifying outgoing incremental database for data integrity &
performance (when integrated in the entire solution).

Finding the root cause of issue along with developer.

Coordination & updating PM in US related to the progress, issues found & any
critical slippage.

Testing Section

2) What's testing life cycle?

a) Test Planning
Test strategy
Stages of testing like unit testing, integration testing, system testing and
acceptance testing.
Types of testing i.e. GUI, Functional and performance testing.
b) Designing (Test Case Designing)
c) Implementation (if automation is done we write test scripts under this section)
d) Execution (It basically is the execution of the test cases in case of manual testing
and test scripts in case of automated testing)
e) Evaluation (Evaluating the defects from the executed test cases)
f) Reporting (logging or consolidation of the defects)

3) What's Alpha Testing?

Testing done by the customer in the Developer’s end in controlled environment.

4) What’s Beta Testing?

• At one / more customer sites by end user
• Developer not present
• “Live” situation, developer not in control
 • Customer records problems and reports to developer

5) What's regression testing?

I. Testing after changes have been made to ensure that no unwanted
changes were introduced.
II. Regression testing is the re-execution of some subset of tests that have
already been conducted to ensure that changes have not propagated
unintended side effects.

6) In a web page, if two text boxes are there (one for Name Field another
for Telephone no.), supported by "Save" & "Cancel" button. Then derive
some test cases. What more information you need?
Here is a sample list of questions that u can ask
1) Field Validation i.e. alphanumeric for Name and Numeric for telephone
Number
2) Enable/disabled
3) Focus
4) Boundary conditions (i.e. what is the max length for name and telephone no.)
5) Field size
6) GUI standards for the controls

Some Test cases can be as follows: (it should be in a managed way)

a) Whether it is taking a valid name entry.
b) Whether it is taking a valid telephone no. Entry.
c) Whether it is taking a long telephone no. Etc.

7) Difference between Load Testing & Stress Testing?

Load Testing: the application is tested within the normal limits to identify the load
that a system can with stand. In Load testing the no. Of users varies.
Stress Testing: Stress tests are designed to confront programs with abnormal
situations. Stress testing executes a system in a manner that demand rescues in
abnormal quantity, frequency or volume.

8) In a Calculator, what is the major functionality, you are going to Test,

which has been built specifically for an accountant? Assume that all
basic functions like addition, subtraction etc are supported.
1) Check the maximum numbers of digits it supports?
2) Check for the memory?
3) Check for the accuracy due to truncation?

9) Write Test Cases for testing ATM machine, Coffee Blending Machine,
Telephone Handset?

Here the test cases should be in a organized way.

10)What should be the Test life cycle for an application, which is having no
documentation attached with it.
Usability Testing and Monkey Testing

11) Have you ever done Memory leakage Testing? If yes, then how?
Tools Rational Purifier, Bound Checker (Here u can test for the memory leaks,
uninitialized variables, out of scope of a variable).

12)Is it possible to perform memory leakage testing without using any tool?
If yes how?
Yes. U have to go through the code and check whether the heap memory
allocated is deleted properly or not.
Technical Section SQL

13)What are joins? Give some examples

Joins makes it possible to select data from more than one table by means of a single
statement.

14)Types of Joins?
Inner Join
Self-Join: If the join is performed within the same table then it is called self-
join.
Equi Join:
This join is based on the equality of column values in two tables and is
therefore called an equijoin.

Example:
SELECT REGION.*, CITY.*
FROM REGION, CITY
WHERE REGION.REGION_CD = CITY.REGION_CD
Natural Join: This is the equijoin on common columns, with the duplicate
columns removed.

Example:
SELECT REGION.REGION_CD, REGION_NM
FROM REGION, CITY
WHERE REGION.REGION_CD = CITY.REGION_CD

Outer Join
Left Outer Join: The result set of a left outer join includes all the rows from the
left table specified in the LEFT OUTER CLAUSE, not just the ones in which the
joined columns match.
Right Outer Join: A right outer join is reverse of a left outer join.
Full Outer Join: A Full outer join return all rows in both the left and right tables.
Cross-Join
It returns all the rows from the left table; each row from the left table is
combined with all rows from the right table. Cross-joins are also called
Cartesian product.

1. What is Dynamic SQL?

Creating statements dynamically, we can pass parameters at runtime.

2. Is Binding of rule possible in SQL Server

Yes

3. What is Clustered Index?

The data is physically sorted in the table

4. What are ACID properties?

Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation and Durability

5. What are Transaction types?

Explicit and Implicit

6. Will ODBC API support Explicit Transactions?

No

7. What is Transaction concurrency and what are the types?

When two users perform transactions on the same table, the different types are
Optimistic and Pessimistic
1. What is the difference between delete, truncate and drop tables?
A. Delete and truncate are same –both are used for deleting the records from the
table,
In delete we can use where clause
Truncate is faster than delete
Drop is for deleting the entire table itself

2. Joins questions---one example was asked to join. Provide the join statement
without using the where clause (using the keywords SELF JOIN, OUTER JOIN etc)

Definition of Stored Procedure

Precompiled (Transact) SQL statements for faster performance and set of SQL
statements to be executed at one run.

2. Syntax for Creating a Stored Procedure

create proc pro_name as
@param1, @param2, @param2 as output...

3. Possible operations using Triggers

Whenever DML operations are done, triggers, if exists for the operation, gets
fired. In triggers DDL statements (like creation of new table) cannot be executed.

4. SQL query statement to fetch no. of employees in a dept along with

deptid.
Dept table contains: Employee table:
Deptid empid
Deptname etc... deptid
empname etc..
Ans: select deptid, count(deptid) from employee group by deptid

5. XML, can you elaborate?

Using XML to insert and retrieve data from the SQL server.

6. Can explain about cursors?

I would use cursors for manipulating rows inside record set. If I need to do operations
over each row in a record set, then I would use cursors

7. How do you use cursors?

declare cursor <cursor name> for <select clause>

...
open <cursor name>
...
fetch next from <cursor name> into @param1,@param2...
...
<SQL statements on fetched values>
...
close <cursor name>

8. How do you check whether there are any more rows?

I will check for @@fetch_status=0

9. Types of cursors?

10. Fetch next is used for getting next rows, is their any way to go
backwards?
11. Syntax for stored procedures

create procedure <procedure name>

@param1 <datatype>,
@param2 <datatype>
AS
<SQL statements>

12. How do you output values in stored procedures?

By using OUTPUT clause with the parameters.

... @param1 <datatype> OUTPUT,..

13. How comfortable are you with group by clause and where would you
use it?

I will use it in select queries to apply aggregate functions, like if I have two tables
employee and dept, to find no of employees working under departments.

• . NET, C#

. NET Exposure-

What is assembly in .Net?

An assembly is the primary building block of a .NET application. It is a collection of
functionality built, versioned, and deployed as a single implementation unit (one or
multiple files). All managed types and resources are marked either as assessable only
within their implementation unit or as exported for use by code outside that unit.

What is a Global Assembly?

What is CLR (Common Language Runtime)?

The type, metadata, and execution systems provided by the .NET Framework. The
CLR supplies managed code and data with services such as cross-language
integration, code access security, object lifetime management, and debugging and
profiling support. By targeting the CLR, compilers and other tools can offer these
services to developers

• XML
Pls. go through some simple questions if possible.

WIN – NT RELATED QUESTION (Give emphasis on it)

15)What is Win NT Registry?

It is a database repository for information about a computer configuration. It
stores the following information
I. Profiles of each user.
II. The programs installed and types of document each can create.
III. Property settings for folders and program icons.
IV. What hardware exists on the system?
V. Which ports are being used etc.
16)How to Edit Registry?
By using regedit command
17)What are H_KEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, H_KEY_CURRENT_USER, H_KEY_
USERS, and H_KEY_CURRENT_CONFIG?

H_KEY_LOCAL_MACHINE H/w and S/w installed and files by operating system.

H_KEY_CURRENT_USER It stores only the information of current logged in user.

H_KEY_ USERS it stores the complete information of all the users in the local
machine.

H_KEY_CURRENT_CONFIG H/W & S/W Config of system.

18)Which file systems WinNT supports?

FAT8, FAT16, FAT32, NTFS

19)What is difference NTFS & FAT32?

FAT32 NTFS
8.3 GB partioning possible 2 Terabytes
File Name length 256 char File Name length more than 256 char
No Security Files and Folder level Security
No compression technique to store files Compression technique to store files
Win 98/2000 Win NT

20)What is SMTP & POP3 and difference between them?

SMTP: A member of TCP/IP suite of protocols that governs the exchange of
electronic mails between message transfer agents.
POP3 denotes PostOfficeProtcol. : It is basically used for diverting the mails from
one mail server to other mail servers.

21)What's IIS? How far you are comfortable with it?

IIS i.e. Internet Information Server is a web server.

22)What's NT authentication?
Validation of a user’s logon information. When a user logs on to an account on a
computer running Windows NT Workstation, the authentication is performed by
that workstation. When a user logs on to an account on a Windows NT Server
domain, any server of that domain may perform authentication. See also server,
trust relationships.

23)What's the difference between NT Domain & NT Workgroup?

domain
In Windows NT, a collection of computers defined by the administrator of a
Windows NT Server network that share a common directory database. A domain
provides access to the centralized user accounts and group accounts maintained
by the domain administrator. Each domain has a unique name. See also
workgroup.
workgroup
For Windows NT, a workgroup is a collection of computers that are grouped for
viewing purposes. Each workgroup is identified by a unique name. See also
domain.

20. How about Win NT installation? Do u know it?

21. What is difference between MAC Address and IP Address?

IP Address: Each machine that is resident on an IP network is uniquely
identified by a value known as IP Address.
MAC Address: It is the local machine address.

22.What is TCP/IP AND IPX , NIC?

IPX: A network protocol native to NetWare that controls addressing and
routing of packets within and between LANs.
TCP/IP: ( Transmission control protocol / Internet Protocol) It is used to create a
point-to-point communication channel and ensures that the information
delivered error-free and in the same order in which it was originally
transmitted.
NIC: (Network Interface Card) Through this interface card one can connect the
workstation