HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

PROJECT ON

JOB ANALYSIS OF: 1) PRODUCTION MANAGER IN GARMENT INDUSTRY 2) SENIOR RETAIL MERCHANDISER

Submitted By: Name- Md. Jawed Akhtar Roll No. -15 DFT ( Sem III ) Date- 23.08.11

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF FASHION TECHNOLOGY HYDERABAD

Introduction
Developing an organization structure results in jobs for which people have to be recruited.Work is an organization primary function. The basic work activities may relate to three categories- Data, People and Things. How an organization should move from its current manpower position to its desired manpower position is determined by the management through human resource planning. Job analysis is one of the steps involved in human resource planning. Job analysis is a procedure by which relevant information is obtained about a job (collection or aggregation of tasks, duties and responsibility). It is a detailed and systematic study of information relating to the operations and responsibilities of a specific job. It is the determination of the tasks which comprise the job and of the skills, knowledge, abilities and responsibilities required of the worker for a successful performance and which differentiate one job from all other. Job analysis is a procedure and a tool for determining the specified tasks, operations and requirements of each job. It is the process of getting information about jobs: especially, what the worker does; how it gets done; why he does it; skill, education and training required; relationship to other jobs; physical demands; environmental conditions. It may be regarded as the anatomy of the job. It is complete study of job, embodying every known and determinable factor, including the duties and responsibilities involved in its performance, the condition under which the responsibilities is carried on, the nature of the task, the qualities required in the worker, and such conditions of employment as pay, hour, opportunities and privileges.

Purpose and uses of job analysis

A comprehensive job analysis is an essential ingredient of sound personnel management.

Organization and Manpower Planning: It defines labor needs in concrete terms, clearly divides duties and responsibilities. Recruitment, Selection: By indicating the specific requirements of each job (i.e. skills and knowledge), it provides a realistic basis for hiring, training, placement, transfer and promotions. Wage and Salary Administration: Indicating qualifications reqd. and risks and hazards involved, it helps in salary and wage administration. Job Re-Engineering: Job analysis provides information which enables to change jobs in order to being better mannered by personnel's with specific characteristics and qualifications. Employee Training and Management Development: It helps in determining the content and subject matter of training courses. Performance Appraisal: JA helps in establishing clear cut standards which may be compared with the actual contribution of each individual. Health and Safety: it is helpful in identifying hazardous conditions and unhealthy environments so that corrective measures can be taken.

Contents Of Job Analysis A job analysis provides the following information:

Job Identification: Its title including its code number. Significant Characteristics of a Job: Its location, physical setting, supervision, hazards and discomforts etc. What the typical worker does: specific operations and task that make up an assignment, their relative timing and importance, simplicity, routine and complexity, the responsibility or safety of others for property, funds, confidence and trust. Which materials and equipment a worker uses: Metals, plastics, grains, yarns, milling machines etc.

How a job is performed: Nature of operation- lifting, handling, cleaning, washing, feeding, removing, drilling, driving, setting up and many others. Required Personnel Attributes: Experience, training, apprenticeship, physical strength, coordination or dexterity, mental capabilities, aptitudes, social skills etc. Job Relationship: Experience required, opportunities for advancement, patterns of promotions, essential cooperation, direction or leadership from and for a job.

Techniques of job analysis data

Personal Observation: The materials and the equipments used the working conditions & probable health hazards and an understanding of what work involves. Especially useful in jobs that consist primarily of observable physical ability, like the job of draftsmen, mechanic, spinner or weaver. Sending Out Questionnaires: Properly drafted questionnaires are sent out to job holders for completion and are returned to supervisors. Maintenance Of Log Records: The employee maintains a daily diary of duties he performs, marking the time at which each task is started and finished. Conducting Personal Interviews: Personal interviews may be held by the analysts with the employees, and answers to relevant questions may be recorded. In most cases, interviews coupled with personal observations lead to the desirable approach.

Job Analysis of Production Manager in Garment Industry

Job Title: Production Manager- Garment Industry Job description A production manager is involved with the planning, coordination and control of manufacturing processes. A production manager ensures that goods and services are produced efficiently. They ensure the correct amount is produced at the right cost and at the right level of quality. The scope of the job depends on the nature of the production system: jobbing production, mass production, process production, or batch production. The job role is also sometimes referred to as an operations manager. Many companies are involved in several types of production, adding to the complexity of the job. Most production managers are responsible for both human and material resources. Typical work activities The exact nature of the work will depend on the size of the employing organization. However, tasks typically involve:

overseeing the production process, drawing up a production schedule; ensuring that the production is cost effective; making sure that products are produced on time and are of good quality; working out the human and material resources needed; drafting a timescale for the job; estimating costs and setting the quality standards; monitoring the production processes and adjusting schedules as needed; being responsible for the selection and maintenance of equipment; monitoring product standards and implementing quality-control programmes; liaising among different departments, e.g. suppliers, managers; working with managers to implement the company's policies and goals; ensuring that health and safety guidelines are followed; supervising and motivating a team of workers;

reviewing the performance of subordinates; Identifying training needs. A production manager is involved in both the pre-production (planning) stage as well as the production (control and supervision) stage. A large part of production management involves dealing with people, particularly those who work in your team. Production managers are also involved with product design and purchasing. In a small firm he may have to make many of the decisions himself, but in a larger organization -planners, controllers, production engineers and production supervisors will assist him. In progressive firms, the production manager's role tends to be more closely integrated with other functions, such as marketing, sales and finance. Working Conditions Apparel production managers have a regular 40-hour week schedule. They work in a quiet, comfortable office environment. Traveling is done to meet with advertisers and clients and to attend product launches. Because of tight deadline schedules, working long hours is required, including evenings and weekends. Education and Training Requirements Should have textile technology related educational qualification. A bachelor's degree in engineering or science or three years related experience and/or training in an apparel company are required. Prior experience of garment production is must. Knowledge and Skills Requirements: Knowledge of apparel merchandising, teamwork, communication, interpersonal, creativity, analytical, problem solving, and leadership skills are necessary to be a good apparel production manager. Outlook As this is often a high-level position within an organization, most aspiring product managers must work up to this senior level, usually starting at an analyst or assistant position. As product managers gain extensive experience and knowledge of the manufacturer's operations, they can be promoted into an executive leadership position

Career Path: Market Analyst > Merchandiser > Product Manager > Director of Product Management Salary Range: Rs. 4,00,000 to 7,00,000 p.a. Experienced pay may range from 6,00,000 to 10,00,000 p.a. Top level pay is about 15,00,000 p.a. Factors such as size of company, location, nature of the industry, benefits and experience may cause salaries to vary considerably among apparel production managers.

Job Analysis of Senior Merchandiser on Retail Floor

Job Title: Senior Merchandiser- Retail Floor Job Description: Rather than working for one particular retail company, a retail sales merchandiser is employed by a manufacturer of products to interface with a number of different retail outlets that carry the manufacturers merchandise. After a sales contract has been created, it is the responsibility of the retail sales merchandiser to provide service and maintain a good working relationship with retailers. The goal of retail sales merchandisers is to help both the retailer and the manufacturer maximize sales and increase sales volume. This goal is accomplished through execution, education, and promotion. A retail sales merchandiser ensures that a proper level of stock is maintained, and that the merchandise is displayed appropriately with proper signage and favorable shelf placement. This includes setup, plan-o-gram execution, as well as the stocking, fronting, facing, and rotating of the manufacturers products. Audits will be performed regularly, and it is the responsibility of the retail sales merchandiser to resolve issues that may arise as a result of these audits, and solve problems at the store level in order to maintain the standards established in the initial sales agreement.

Responsibilities of a Retail Sales Merchandiser: Training Responsibilities: Training is a key to the success of this position because store employees who have an awareness and appreciation of certain products are more likely to recommend them to customers. Maintaining a good rapport with employees at all levels is essential, and having effective communication with both employees and customers is critical to success. Promotions Responsibilities: People in this position will often execute special promotional campaigns created by the manufacturer to boost sales volume. The retail sales merchandiser will introduce the promotion, gain agreement and support from the store managers, secure preferred product placement, re-merchandise, place signage, and generate awareness and enthusiasm with employees prior to the launch of the promotion. Monitoring sales volume, inspecting inventory levels, and maintaining in-store promotional materials are key tasks throughout the promotional period. Reporting Responsibilities: Retail or merchandising experience at the store level is preferred, but not always required to obtain a position as a retail sales merchandiser. Many positions where the ability to work independently, manage time effectively, multi-task, and problem solve are considered to be acceptable experience. Prior experience with maintaining customer relationships or client accounts is usually required. A demonstrated ability to influence decision-makers is considered a plus. The reporting methods will vary for each employer, but basic computer proficiency and knowledge of software programs is usually necessary. Working Hours and Environment Merchandisers usually work a 38 hour week, Monday to Friday, but sometimes you'll work much longer hours, for instance during special sales promotions or the opening of a new store. Most of the work is office-based, but some time will be spent each week visiting regional stores or suppliers. This may involve spending short periods of time away

from home. At senior levels this may include travelling abroad - to find new suppliers, select and buy goods, or sort out problems with manufacturers.

Physical Requirements for Retail Sales Merchandisers Because this position requires the constant handling of merchandise, retail sales merchandisers must be prepared to travel, drive, and engage in considerable physical activity. You will have to be willing and able to lift and move products in this job, and the use of proper safety practices and equipment will be essential. Education, knowledge and skills Required for Retail Sales Merchandisers A college degree is often desired, but not required for retail sales merchandisers. Retailing, marketing, or business degrees are preferred, but other degrees or even a high school diploma is often acceptable as well. To be a successful merchandiser one need:

Mathematical ability - to work out budgets and understand sales figures The ability to understand what the customer wants Business sense and negotiation skills The ability to work well in a team To be well organized and good at planning Good written and spoken communication skills Creative flair The ability to cope with the pressure of fast-paced work.

Opportunities Potential employers include large retail multiples such as Marks and Spencer and Tesco, together with the large independent retailers found in most cities throughout the country. Prospects for promotion are better within the larger companies, and opportunities might include specializing in a particular type or brand of goods, taking responsibility for the merchandising of goods in shops across an entire region, or moving on to other areas of retail management. You may have to move around the country to gain promotion.

Opportunities also exist with manufacturers and wholesalers, mail order and internet companies. Annual Income This annual income section is intended as a guideline only. A trainee or newly recruited merchandisers usually earn Rs. 8,000,000- Rs. 11,00,000. More experienced merchandisers earn in the region of 15,00,000. Senior merchandisers in large retail companies can earn more than 20,00,000. Factors such as size of company, location, nature of the industry, benefits and experience may cause salaries to vary considerably among seniors merchandiser in retail.

Bibliography
1. Personal Management- C.B. Mamoria & S.V. Gankar 2. http://retailindustry.about.com/od/retailjobscareers/p/salesmerchandis.htm 3. http://www.totaljobs.com/Content/Jobdescriptions/Retail/Merchandiser.html 4. http://www.greatsampleresume.com/Job-Description/Apparel-ProductionManager-Job-Description.html 5. http://www.fibre2fashion.com/jobs/jobdata.aspx?jobs=30592&productionmanager-garments-job-delhi-cloud-9-india-staffing-services 6. http://www.prospects.ac.uk/production_manager_job_description.htm 7. http://www.slideshare.net/rajeevgupta/job-analysis-the-process-and-its-uses