March 24, 2011

Census 2010: 50 Million Latinos

Hispanics Account for More Than Half of Nations Growth in Past Decade

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jeffrey S. Passel, Senior Demographer DVera Cohn, Senior Writer Mark Hugo Lopez, Associate Director 1615 L St, N.W., Suite 700 Washington, D.C. 20036 Tel(202) 419-3600 Fax (202) 419-3608 www.pewhispanic.org Copyright 2011

1 Census 2010: 50 Million Latinos

Census 2010: 50 Million Latinos

Hispanics Account for More Than Half of Nations Growth in Past Decade
The 2010 Census counted 50.5 million Hispanics in the United States, making up 16.3% of the total population. The nations Latino population, which was 35.3 million in 2000, grew 43% over the decade. The Hispanic population also accounted for most of the nations growth 56%from 2000 to 2010. Among children ages 17 and younger, there were 17.1 million Latinos in 2010, or 23.1% of this age group, according to an analysis by the Pew Hispanic Center, a project of the Pew Research Center. The number of Latino children grew 39% over the decade. In 2000, there were 12.3 million Hispanic children, who were 17.1% of the population under age 18. There were 33.3 million Hispanics ages 18 and older in 2010, a 45% increase from 2000. Hispanics made up 14.2% of the adult population in 2010, compared with 11% and 23 million people in 2000. Racial and ethnic minorities accounted for 91.7% of the nations growth over the decade; non-Hispanic whites accounted for the remaining 8.3%.

Table 1 U.S. Population, by Race and Ethnicity, 2010 and 2000

(thousands) 2010 U.S. Population Hispanic White Black Asian American Indian and Alaska Native Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Some other race Two or more races 50,478 196,818 37,686 14,465 2,247 482 604 5,966 35,306 194,553 33,948 10,123 2,069 354 468 4,602 2000

Hispanics, who can be of any Notes: Racial groups include only non-Hispanics. Hispanics are of any race. race, are the nations largest Source: Pew Hispanic Center tabulations of U.S. Census Bureau Redistricting_Filesminority group. Looking at PL_94-171 for states the major groups of singlePEW HISPANIC CENTER race non-Hispanics in 2010, 196.8 million (63.7%) were white; 37.7 million (12.2%) were black; and 14.5 million (4.7%) were Asian. There were 6 million non-Hispanics, or 1.9% of the U.S. population, who checked more than one race. By race, more than half of Hispanics53%, or 26.7 million peopleidentified themselves as white alone, an increase from 2000 when 47.9% did. The next largest group, 36.7% or 18.5

www.pewhispanic.org

2 Census 2010: 50 Million Latinos

million Hispanics, identified themselves as some other race, a decline from 2000, when 42.2% did. An additional 6%, compared with 6.3% in 2000, checked multiple races. Although the numerical growth of the Hispanic population since 2000more than 15 million surpassed the totals for the previous two decades, the growth rate of 43% was somewhat slower than previous decades. Growth rates topped 50% in the 1980s (53%) and 1990s (58%). The count of the nations Hispanic population was slightly larger than expected. The 2010 Census count of Hispanics was 955,000 people and 1.9% larger than the Census Bureaus latest population estimate for Hispanics. In some states, especially with small Hispanic populations, the gap was wider. Geographically, most Hispanics still live in nine states that have large, long-standing Latino communitiesArizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Illinois, New Mexico, New Jersey, New York and Texasbut the share living in other states has been growing. In 2010, 76% of Latinos lived in these nine states, compared with 81% in 2000 and 86% in 1990. (In 2000, 50% of Hispanics lived in California and Texas alone. In 2010, that share was 46.5 %.) Despite the pattern of dispersion, however, there are more Latinos living in Los Angeles County (4.7 million) than in any state except California and Texas. As the accompanying charts show, the states with the largest Hispanic populations include eight with more than a million Hispanics, the largest of which is California, where 14 million Latinos were counted. The dozen states where Hispanics are the largest share of the population include five where Latinos are more than one-in-four state residentsNew Mexico, Texas, California, Arizona and Nevada. The states with the largest percent growth in their Hispanic populations include nine where the Latino population more than doubled, including a swath in the southeast United StatesAlabama, Arkansas, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee and South Carolina. The Hispanic population also more than doubled in Maryland and South Dakota. Table 2 States with Largest Hispanic Population Growth, 2000-2010
(%) STATE South Carolina Alabama Tennessee Kentucky Arkansas North Carolina Maryland Mississippi South Dakota Delaware Georgia Virginia GROWTH, 2000-2010

148 145 134 122 114 111 106 106 103 96 96 92

Source: Pew Hispanic Center tabulations of U.S. Census Bureau Redistricting_Files-PL_94-171 for states PEW HISPANIC CENTER

www.pewhispanic.org

3 Census 2010: 50 Million Latinos

In six states, growth in the Hispanic population accounted for all of those states population growth; if the Hispanic population had not grown, those states would not have grown. They included Illinois, Louisiana, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York and Rhode Island. In Michigan, the state population declined over the decade but the Hispanic population grew. Looking at the Latino population by region, the West and South are home to the most Hispanics, while growth has been most rapid in the South and Midwest. In 2010, 20.6 million Hispanics lived in the West, 18.2 million lived in the South, 7 million lived in the Northeast and 4.7 million lived in the Midwest. Acknowledgments Paul Taylor provided editorial guidance in the drafting of this report. Daniel Dockterman prepared the charts and tables and checked the text; Gabriel Velasco checked its charts and tables. Michael Keegan prepared the website graphics for this report. Molly Rohal was the copy editor for this report.

www.pewhispanic.org

4 Census 2010: 50 Million Latinos

Appendix: Additional Charts and Tables

Table 3 Hispanic Child and Adult Populations, 2010 and 2000
ALL Hispanic Population (thousands) 2010 2000 Hispanic Population Growth, 2000-2010 Growth (thousands) Growth (%) Hispanic Share of Total (%) 2010 2000 16.3 12.5 23.1 17.1 14.2 11.0 50,478 35,306 17,132 12,342 33,346 22,964 CHILDREN ADULTS

15,172 43.0

4,790 38.8

10,382 45.2

Notes: Children are those younger than 18; Adults are those 18 years of age or older. Source: Pew Hispanic Center tabulations of U.S. Census Bureau Redistricting_FilesPL_94-171 for states PEW HISPANIC CENTER

Table 4 States with Largest Hispanic Populations, 2010

(thousands) STATE California Texas Florida New York Illinois Arizona New Jersey Colorado New Mexico Georgia North Carolina Washington POPULATION

Table 5 States with Largest Hispanic Share of Total Population, 2010

(%) STATE New Mexico Texas California Arizona Nevada Florida Colorado New Jersey New York Illinois Connecticut Utah HISPANIC SHARE

14,014 9,461 4,224

3,417

2,028 1,895

46.3% 37.6 37.6 29.6 26.5 22.5 20.7 17.7 17.6 15.8 13.4 13.0

1,555 1,039 953 854 800 756

Source: Pew Hispanic Center tabulations of U.S. Census Bureau Redistricting_Files-PL_94-171 for states PEW HISPANIC CENTER

Source: Pew Hispanic Center tabulations of U.S. Census Bureau Redistricting_Files-PL_94-171 for states PEW HISPANIC CENTER

www.pewhispanic.org

5 Census 2010: 50 Million Latinos

Figure 1 U.S. Population by Race and Ethnicity, 2010 and 2000

(%) 2010 Hispanic

Figure 2 U.S. Population by Race and Ethnicity, 2010 and 2000

(%) 2010 Hispanic 2000 16.3 12.5 63.7 69.1 12.2 12.1 4.7 3.6 0.7 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 1.9 1.6

16.3%
White

63.7%

12.2%
Black Asian

Black

White

4.7%

Asian American Indian and Alaska Native Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander

Other

3.0%

2000 Hispanic

12.5%
White Black

Some other race

69.1%

12.1%
Asian

Two or more races

3.6%

Notes: Racial groups include only non-Hispanics. Hispanics are of any race. Source: Pew Hispanic Center tabulations of U.S. Census Bureau Redistricting_Files-PL_94-171 for states PEW HISPANIC CENTER

Other

2.7%

Notes: Racial groups include only non-Hispanics. Hispanics are of any race. Source: Pew Hispanic Center tabulations of U.S. Census Bureau Redistricting_Files-PL_94-171 for states PEW HISPANIC CENTER

www.pewhispanic.org

6 Census 2010: 50 Million Latinos

Table 6: Hispanic Population by State, 2010 and 2000

HISPANIC POPULATION (thousands) 2010 Rank 2000
United States Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming 50,478 186 39 1,895 186 14,014 1,039 479 73 55 4,224 854 121 176 2,028 390 152 300 133 193 17 471 628 436 250 81 212 29 167 717 37 1,555 953 3,417 800 13 355 332 450 720 131 236 22 290 9,461 358 9 632 756 22 336 50 33 44 6 32 1 8 17 41 42 3 10 39 34 5 21 36 26 37 31 49 18 16 20 28 40 30 46 35 14 45 7 9 4 11 50 23 25 19 13 38 29 48 27 2 22 51 15 12 47 24 43 35,306 76 26 1,296 87 10,967 736 320 37 45 2,683 435 88 102 1,530 215 82 188 60 108 9 228 429 324 143 40 119 18 94 394 20 1,117 765 2,868 379 8 217 179 275 394 91 95 11 124 6,670 202 6 330 442 12 193 32

HISPANIC SHARE (%) 2010 Rank 2000

16.3 3.9 5.5 29.6 6.4 37.6 20.7 13.4 8.2 9.1 22.5 8.8 8.9 11.2 15.8 6.0 5.0 10.5 3.1 4.2 1.3 8.2 9.6 4.4 4.7 2.7 3.5 2.9 9.2 26.5 2.8 17.7 46.3 17.6 8.4 2.0 3.1 8.9 11.7 5.7 12.4 5.1 2.7 4.6 37.6 13.0 1.5 7.9 11.2 1.2 5.9 8.9 40 33 4 29 3 7 11 26 20 6 24 22 16 10 30 35 17 43 39 50 27 18 38 36 46 41 44 19 5 45 8 1 9 25 48 42 23 14 32 13 34 47 37 2 12 49 28 15 51 31 21 12.5 1.7 4.1 25.3 3.2 32.4 17.1 9.4 4.8 7.9 16.8 5.3 7.2 7.9 12.3 3.5 2.8 7.0 1.5 2.4 0.7 4.3 6.8 3.3 2.9 1.4 2.1 2.0 5.5 19.7 1.7 13.3 42.1 15.1 4.7 1.2 1.9 5.2 8.0 3.2 8.7 2.4 1.4 2.2 32.0 9.0 0.9 4.7 7.5 0.7 3.6 6.4

HISPANIC GROWTH (%) 2000-2010 Rank

43 145 52 46 114 28 41 50 96 22 57 96 38 73 32 82 84 59 122 79 81 106 46 35 75 106 79 58 77 82 79 39 25 19 111 73 63 85 63 83 44 148 103 134 42 78 67 92 71 81 74 59 2 37 40 5 48 43 38 10 50 36 11 45 27 47 17 14 33 4 22 19 7 39 46 25 8 20 35 24 16 21 44 49 51 6 28 32 13 31 15 41 1 9 3 42 23 30 12 29 18 26 34

Note: Growth and share are computed from unrounded data. Source: Pew Hispanic Center tabulations of U.S. Census Bureau Redistricting_Files-PL_94-171 for states PEW HISPANIC CENTER

www.pewhispanic.org

7 Census 2010: 50 Million Latinos

Table 7: Hispanic Child Population by State, 2010 and 2000

HISPANIC POPULATION (thousands) Rank 2000 2010
United States Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming 17,132 67 15 704 75 4,756 374 160 27 12 1,105 315 45 73 723 154 63 122 50 54 5 148 211 172 101 27 81 11 69 262 14 461 302 975 308 5 136 133 180 260 46 82 9 108 3,318 144 3 205 299 8 136 18 34 43 6 31 1 8 19 40 45 3 9 39 32 5 20 35 26 37 36 49 21 15 18 28 41 30 46 33 13 44 7 11 4 10 50 24 25 17 14 38 29 47 27 2 22 51 16 12 48 23 42 12,342 25 10 493 32 4,051 259 116 14 11 703 136 35 43 552 76 33 74 19 31 4 72 158 123 56 12 43 7 37 146 8 339 259 893 120 3 80 70 108 149 35 28 5 39 2,387 78 2 103 177 4 75 12

HISPANIC SHARE (%) 2010 Rank 2000

23.1 5.9 7.9 43.2 10.5 51.2 30.5 19.6 13.2 11.9 27.6 12.6 14.9 17.0 23.1 9.6 8.7 16.8 4.9 4.9 2.0 11.0 14.9 7.3 7.9 3.5 5.7 5.0 15.1 39.4 4.8 22.3 58.2 22.5 13.5 3.6 5.0 14.3 20.8 9.3 20.5 7.5 4.5 7.2 48.3 16.5 2.2 11.1 18.9 1.9 10.2 13.4 39 34 4 29 2 6 13 24 26 7 25 19 15 8 31 33 16 43 44 50 28 20 37 35 48 40 41 18 5 45 10 1 9 22 47 42 21 11 32 12 36 46 38 3 17 49 27 14 51 30 23 17.1 2.2 5.4 36.1 4.7 43.8 23.5 13.7 7.0 9.9 19.3 6.3 11.9 11.6 17.0 4.8 4.5 10.4 1.9 2.5 1.2 5.3 10.5 4.8 4.3 1.6 3.0 3.2 8.3 28.6 2.5 16.2 50.9 19.0 6.1 2.0 2.8 7.9 12.7 5.1 14.1 2.8 2.2 2.8 40.5 10.9 1.2 5.9 11.7 1.0 5.5 9.0

HISPANIC GROWTH (%) 2000-2010 Rank

39 170 44 43 134 17 45 38 100 5 57 131 29 70 31 103 93 65 165 78 53 106 34 39 82 120 89 52 86 79 77 36 17 9 156 69 69 89 67 75 31 192 104 178 39 84 57 100 69 93 81 56 3 38 39 6 48 37 42 12 51 32 7 47 26 46 11 15 31 4 23 35 9 44 40 20 8 16 36 18 22 24 43 49 50 5 29 27 17 30 25 45 1 10 2 41 19 33 13 28 14 21 34

Note: Growth and share are computed from unrounded data. Children are those younger than 18. Source: Pew Hispanic Center tabulations of U.S. Census Bureau Redistricting_Files-PL_94-171 for states PEW HISPANIC CENTER

www.pewhispanic.org