INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

COMPUTER 1. An electronic device that helps people perform different tasks. a programmable, multiuse machine that process or accept data into information. A device that manipulates data according to a set of instructions. COMPUTER SYSTEM refers to all components that contribute in making the computer a useful tool. combination of hardware, software & storage DATA consists of raw facts and figures that are processed into information. INFORMATION data that has been summarized for decision making. TYPES OF COMPUTER 1 MICROCOMPUTER (Portable Computer or Personal Computer) the PC is the most common type of computer used in the office, and is also now widely used in many homes Examples: Desktop computers, video game consoles, laptop computers, tablet PCs, 2. MINICOMPUTER a multiprocessing system capable of supporting from 4 to about 200 users simultaneously.

3 COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER HARDWARE refer to all machinery and equipment in a computer system. devices in the computer that can be seen and touch. objects that you can actually touch, like disks, disk drives, display screens, keyboards, printers, boards, and chips A. Input Device is a peripheral device through which data entered is transformed into machine Ex. Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Fax Machine, Pointing Device, USB & etc. B. Memory an area of a computer which stores data Enables a computer to store, at least temporarily, data and programs. main memory (RAM), electronic, fast, volatile, expensive, holds data currently in use. made up of many general purpose storage locations. Parts of the memory Types of Memory 1. RAM (temporary) Random Access Memory

midsized computer. In size and power, minicomputers lie between workstations and mainframes

is the temporary memory where the computer read data for the current processing task. It holds the data that is being manipulated by the CPU until it is moved to a permanent memory store such as a disk. Example: when you create a document (such as a letter), the document is stored in your computers RAM until you save it to disk. 2. ROM Read Only Memory (Permanent)

3. MAIN FRAME large and expensive computer capable of supporting hundreds, or even thousands, of users simultaneously often used by large corporate and government data processing departments

the computer can read its contents but cannot write to the contents of memory.

holds permanent information such as the software that enables the components in your computer to communicate with each other. It cannot usually be deleted or overwritten. C. CPU Central Processing Unit CPU is an acronym that stands for central processing unit.

 responsible for performing all of the mathematical calculations that are required for a computer to function properly. CPU as the "brains" of a computer. 3.

Programmers also conceive, design, and test logical structures for solving problems by computer. User / Operator use the program.

Component of CPU: a. CU Control Unit. It controls the flow 3. SOFTWARE of the information collection of data b. ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit. It program install in the computer that tells the performs all mathematical and logical functions. hardware what to do Programs and data that a computer uses Kinds of Software Program D. OUTPUT DEVICE is a device that receives and/or displays output from a computer Ex. Monitor Printer 2. PEOPLEWARE refer to anything that has to do with the role of people in the development or use of computer software and hardware systems 1. System Program it helps the computer perform essential operating tasks. ex. MS Windows, Visual Basic & etc. 2. Application Program a software that has been developed to solved a particular problem, perform useful work and provide entertainment. ex. Word, excel, powerpoint, & etc.

Kinds of Peopleware: 1. System Analysts responsible for researching, planning, coordinating and recommending software and system choices to meet an organization's business requirements the one identifies problem and find solution to the problem and designing the solution.

A systems analyst performs the following tasks: Interact with the customers to know their requirements Interact with designers to convey the possible interface of the software Interact/guide the coders/developers to keep track of system development Perform system testing with sample/live data with the help of testers Implement the new system Prepare High quality Documentation 2. Programmer Computer programmers can write, test, debug, and maintain the detailed instructions, called computer programs, that computers must follow to perform their functions.