Lecture No.

Antenna Theory and Wave Propagation

Basit Ali Zeb

Assistant Professor

Department of Electrical Engineering Air University

Lecturers Introduction
Basit Ali Zeb
MSc Telecommunications Engineering
Technical University of Denmark BSc Electrical Engineering 2001 University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore Area of Specialization: Antennas/Microwave Engineering Industry Experience: Nescom/MTC 2006

Antenna and Wave Propagation BETE-Fall 2009

Basit Ali Zeb Department of Electrical Engineering, AU

Course Information
OBJECTIVES
This course will provide an introduction to the basic principles of antenna theory, design and its applications in antenna systems. To encourage students to get involved in this rather complex but highly rewarding field.

REQUIRED SKILLS
Electricity and Magnetism EE211 Electromagnetics Waves EE212 Vector Calculus and Basic Circuit Theory
Antenna and Wave Propagation BETE-Fall 2009 3 Basit Ali Zeb Department of Electrical Engineering, AU

Course Information -1
Course Coverage
Transmission lines theory and Smith Chart Antenna fundamentals Radiation Pattern definitions Simple Wire Antennas, Resonant Antennas Aperture Antennas, Array antennas Wave Propagation effects, Friis Transmission formula

Radars and Antenna Measurements

Antenna and Wave Propagation BETE-Fall 2009

Basit Ali Zeb Department of Electrical Engineering, AU

Course Information -2
Grading Criteria
Quizzes (Written) Home Assignments Midterm Exam Lab Work+ Oral Exam Final Exam
Total

= = = = =

10% 05% 20% 20% 45%

= 100%

Attitude Counts !! Be in time, not on-time

Antenna and Wave Propagation BETE-Fall 2009 5 Basit Ali Zeb Department of Electrical Engineering, AU

Reading
Text & Reference Books:
1 : Antenna Theory and Design, John Wiley &
Sons, 1998 (Warren L. Stutzman and Gary A. Thiele, ) 3rd Edition

2 : Fundamentals of Applied Electromagnetics, 3rd

Edition, Prentice Hall, 2003 (Fawaz. T. Ulaby)

Antenna and Wave Propagation BETE-Fall 2009

Basit Ali Zeb Department of Electrical Engineering, AU

General Requirements
You are expected to take active part during the lectures, there might be surprise quizzes!!! Attendance will be marked twice during the two hour session Frequent movements in the class is not allowed Mobile phone must strictly be turned off, there is a penalty of marks deduction if u dont follow this. You are strongly discouraged to enter the lecture room after five minutes of T0
Antenna and Wave Propagation BETE-Fall 2009 7 Basit Ali Zeb Department of Electrical Engineering, AU

Introduction and Review of Relevant Electromagnetics

Department of Electrical Engineering Air University

Electromagnetics Waves

Antenna and Wave Propagation BETE-Fall 2009

Basit Ali Zeb Department of Electrical Engineering, AU

Electromagnetics Waves

Antenna and Wave Propagation BETE-Fall 2009

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Basit Ali Zeb Department of Electrical Engineering, AU

Overview of Maxwells Equations

What are Maxwells Equations ?
Combination of Gauss law for electric and magnetic fields, Amperes law for magnetic fields, and the Faraday-Henry law of electromagnetic induction

Antenna and Wave Propagation BETE-Fall 2009

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Basit Ali Zeb Department of Electrical Engineering, AU

Maxwells Equations
Maxwells Equations relate the fields (E and H) and their suorces ( and J) to each other

Time Harmonic Representation Local fields

Faradays Law

Amperes Law with Maxwells addition

Differential Form of Equations

Gausss Law

Antenna and Wave Propagation BETE-Fall 2009

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Basit Ali Zeb Department of Electrical Engineering, AU

Qualitative Interpretation
A changing magnetic flux creates an electric field. Both a moving charge (current) and a changing electric flux create a magnetic field. The distribution of the electric charge determines the electric field. The magnetic flux lines are closed; in other words, there are no magnetic charges.
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Features
Maxwells equations form the basis of radio engineering and wave propagation, in fact, of the whole of electrical engineering. These equations cannot be derived from other laws; they are based on empirical research. Their validity comes from their capability to predict the electromagnetic phenomena correctly. The creation of EM field is easy to understand with Maxwells Equations and hence forms the basis of wave propagation.
We will not explicitly be seeing Maxwells Equations much in this course
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Questions ?
Welcome to the wonderful world of antennas!!

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Basit Ali Zeb Department of Electrical Engineering, AU

Antennas

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Basit Ali Zeb Department of Electrical Engineering, AU

Antenna Definition
The official IEEE definition of antenna follows the concept: That part of a transmitting or receiving system that is designed to radiate or receive electromagnetic waves

Antenna and Wave Propagation BETE-Fall 2009

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Basit Ali Zeb Department of Electrical Engineering, AU

Applications
Mobile Communications Satellite Communications Base Station Antenna Broadcasting antennas Car antenna Dish/reflector antennas Military communications WLAN antennas WiMaX antennas GPS Satellite systems Radio antennas UWB antennas Radar antenna
Basit Ali Zeb Department of Electrical Engineering, AU

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Next Discussion
Transmission Lines Wave propagation on Transmission Line Calculation of:
Characteristics Impedance Propagation constant Standing wave ratio

The lossless Line The terminated lossless transmission line The lossy transmission line
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