TECHNICAL MANUAL

07 / 2007

PROLOGUE

Date July 2007

PROLOGUE This Manual has been prepared for technicians, to offer a comprehensive information booklet, principally technical, as a guide to be consulted for daily use. We recommend that the instructions in this Manual be followed carefully, and we ask all Technicians to report back about any anomaly found during installation or maintenance, so that we can correct any difficulties that may arise. Technical Services Department always welcomes observations and suggestions, with the intention of the constantly improving the quality of our products and services to the customer. TECHNICAL STANDARDS Coffee machines comply with standards set out by the Ministry of Industry and Energy of Spain, according to ITC certificate MIE AG-11 of the regulations for Pressure Appliances and ITC MIE AG-11 regulations for Gas-fueled Appliances, duly certified as corresponding to official standards of the European Community. WARNING: The espresso coffee machine incorporates a high-temperature pressure boiler. This may only be serviced by qualified technicians.

GUARANTEE Only Authorised Technical Service, can give service under guarantee. Only genuine spare parts may be used to for the machine's proper repair and durability. The GUARANTEE includes only the free replacement of defective parts. In no case will the entire machine be replaced. The following are excluded from the GUARANTEE: normal wear and tear; glass, rubber and plastic components; electrical components which may cause imperfections or affect the function of other components through variations in the power supply. The Technician must send all defective parts which have been replaced to S.A.T. together with the worksheet setting out said parts and reference numbers, and details of the machine under guarantee (no., date of installation, date of repair) WARNING: Failure to send the registration GUARANTEE card to S.A.T. will invalidate the general conditions thereof.

INSTALLATION

Date July 2007

INSTALLATION Before installing the machine:

Make sure that electricity and water supplies are properly installed, in compliance with current regulations in the country of installation. Check that the electric voltage and current match the specification plate of the machine. Check that the electrical circuit is properly grounded. No responsibility will be accepted by the manufacturer in case of non- compliance with these standards.

TRANSPORT Espresso Coffee Machines leave the factory carefully packed, to the most exacting standards; however, occasionally, poor handling in transit can cause some slight damage, so it is VERY IMPORTANT to remember: Delivery of the goods is the responsibility of the carrier. If there is any damage, it must be claimed from the carrier, retaining the packaging for inspection. Make sure that on delivery the goods are still properly packed. If damage should appear on unpacking the goods, a claim should be made to the carrier in writing, requesting an inspection of the damage, within 15 days of receipt. Always claim promptly. DO NOT return the damaged goods to S.A.T. without previous advice.

INDEX

Date July 2007

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS PRESENTATION & RANGE OF MODELS TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION BODYWORK FLOW GROUPS WATER HEATER & CIRCULATION SYSTEM HEATING & CONTROL SYSTEMS WORKING PRINCIPLES INSTALLATION WATER SOFTENER ELECTRIC WATER PUMP WATER PRESSURE REDUCER DAILY CARE AND MAINTENANCE MALFUNCTIONS & POSSIBLE CAUSES ELECTRIC CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS

R
1-, GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS 12 4 5 7 8 6

17 15

Figure 1

13 14

16 14

24 22 23

ON

1 2
A

A 18

A
Figure 2

11

10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Top-cup warner Cup-warner tray Rear plate Steam faucet service Lateral Steam outlet Pilot light Main switch Draining tray Upper tray

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 22 23 24

Filter holder Coffee group switch Water supply control knol Boiler water level indicator Hot water outlet Pressure gauge Water faucet service Coffee group control panel (According to model) Gas lighter Gas tap Flame inspection window

PRESENTACION & RANGE OF MODELS

JULY 2001 July 2007

Date

2.

PRESENTATION & RANGE OF MODELS

The Standard coffee machine is compact in shape and very practical, the casing is of stainless steel with aluminium alloy side panels. The traditional advantages of the well-known "Ariete" have been maintained, with increased service and reliability, with efficiency and simplicity. Automatic filling system, The boiler is filled automatically by an electronic level control device. When the water in the boiler ceases to be in contact with the stainless steel probe, the electro-valve and pressure pump relays are activated, and the boiler is filled, even when there is no water main pressure or water is supplied from a container. Manual filling system The machine has a little manual valve situated inside. If needed, remove the drain tray to access (Fig. 3)
OFF ON

Figure 3

Outer tap of manual charge (See.4 pos.1) In semiautomatic coffee machines without automatic filling system, are provided with a water inlet tap, acting on the pulser (1) we opened the tap, which assures the entrance water in the boiler The working pressure of the heater, and of the pump, is monitored by means of a double scale pressure gauge. Hot water and steam are obtained by special outlet pipes, controlled by separate taps The group head is heated by the traditional Ariete system, using a thermo-siphon to keep the group thermo-regulated at a constant and uniform temperature. Water is heated in the boiler by a double element, controlled by a pressure switch, maintaining the water at uniform temperature. The heat exchangers, which pass transversely through the boiler and which supply the group heads, are protected from excess pressure in the thermo-siphon circuit by an relief valve. The machine is also provided with a check valve to prevent the backflow of hot water to the water network.

PRESENTATION & RANGE OF MODELS

Date July 2007

2.1

SEMI-AUTOMATIC MACHINE (ELECTRIC GROUP) (Fig. 1) The is a semi-automatic coffee machine with a manual dosage system, controlled by switch. The group heads are actioned by a solenoid valve. The action of the manual dosification switch connects the solenoid valve of each group giving a continuous flow until the position of the switch is changed.

2.2

AUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC MACHINE (Fig.2) The electronic is an automatic coffee machine with a patented electronic system of measured volume dosage. The group heads are actioned by a solenoid valve. Simply by pressing a button, previously regulated to give a measured amount of water (from 0 to 500 cc.), the electronic system is started. The Central Unit (C.U.), through two independent relays, starts the solenoid valve of the group and the electronic pressure pump. At this moment the infusion of coffee begins so that, when this is finished, the espresso coffee is dispensed. The meter passes information on the volume of water passing through it to the C.U.; when this coincides with the amount programmed by the button panel, the C.U. automatically disconnects the solenoid valve and pump relays, and the coffee flow ceases. Four different doses of coffee can be selected in each group, with the possibility of cancelling or changing the selection by pressing another button. For details concerning programming dosification please refer to section 8, Working Principles later in this guide. A continuous flow button is also provided in the control panel, the flow continues until this button is pressed again.

3.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
STANDARD SEMIAUT. ELCTRONIC GENOVA COMPACT XL

Model Number of groups Widht Height Depth Weight Water supply Power Single-phase Supply Three-phase Trif. phase + Neutre Wattage Boiler capacity

1 Gr. 58 cm

2 Gr. 74 cm. 42 cm

2 Gr. 74 cm.

2 GR 58 cm.

2 Gr. 58 cm. 47 cm. 50 Kg.

45 Kg. 230V. 50/60Hz 230V. 50/60Hz 380V. 50/60Hz 3.000 W. 8 Lts.

54 Kg.

52 cm 49 Kg. 3/8 Gas 230V. 50/60Hz

49 Kg.

230V. 50/60Hz 230V. 50/60Hz 380V. 50/60Hz

2.600 W. 13 Lts.

2.600 W. 13 Lts.

3.000 W. 8 Lts.

3.000 W. 8 Lts.

MACHINES FILTED FOR THE USE OF GAS GAS

Butane /propane Natural 1 Gr. 820 990 HEATING CAPACITY Kcal/h per burner No.groups 2Gr. 1.890 1.890 CONSUMPTION Nm3 /h Per no. groups 1 GR. 0,039 0,274 2 Gr. 0,075 0,209 m-m.c.d.a working pressure 280/270 180

BODYWORK

Date July 2007

FLOW GROUPS

Date July 2007

5.

ELECTROVALVE GROUP (Fig. 6) In this group the infusion, coffee flow and discharge of the pressure accumulated in the filter holder are carried out by the action of the solenoid valve (9).When the coil (10) of this solenoid valve is electrically activated, it displaces the plunger (8), closing the discharge valve (2) and opening the flow valve (7), which allows water to pass towards the diffuser (4) through the sprinkler (3). At this point the slow heating of the coffee (infusion) begins. The infusion time (between 5 and 7 seconds) is determined by the aperture of the injector (6). A bubbling effect is produced by the interchange of the air in the bubble which forms in the chamber (5) with the water which gradually increases its pressure on the bubble. The resulting mixture of air and water progresses to the coffee, previously moistened by the infusion. When the electrical supply to the coil (10) ceases, the plunger (8) returns to its rest position through the action of the built-in spring. The coffee flow then stops and the pressure in the filter holder is discharged through the discharge valve (2). The atomizer (1) directs the discharge water to the drain, so that it does not splash the exterior.

Figure 6

BOILER AND HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

Date July 2007

6. 6.1

BOILER AND HYDRAULIC SYSTEM BOILER The boiler is constructed of 1.5 mm. copper plate, and normally works at a pressure of between 0.7 and 1.0 bar.

6.2

SAFETY VALVE The safety valves prevent the boiler pressure from exceeding the set limits. The safety valve discharges steam when the pressure in the boiler exceeds 1.65 bar. VERY IMPORTANT: In accordance with current legislation, and as stipulated in the Regulations for Pressure Appliances and the corresponding ITC referring to the rapid preparation of coffee MIE AP-14, the safety valve bears a seal carrying the name of the manufacturer and any manipulation of it is prohibited.

6.3

COMPENSATION VALVE This valve prevents loss of pressure in the boiler, and avoids the presence of air when heating begins.

6.4

PRESSURE GAUGE This has a double scale one scale of 0 to 2,5 bar. gives the steam pressure in the boiler and the other from 0 to 16 bar. gives the electric pump pressure.

6.5

WATER LEVEL SIGHT GAUGE Shows the boiler water level, which must always be maintained between the limits marked on the front panel of the machine.

6.6

CHECK VALVE This prevents a back-flow into the water mains, from the boiler or from the heat exchangers, in the event of the water mains pressure being low.

6.7

RELIEF VALVE Ensures that excessive pressure is not created in the separate circuit of the thermo-siphon, due to expansion produced by the reheating of the water. It operates at a pressure of approximately 10-11 bar. and discharges directly into the drain tank. Figure 7 Adjustment of the expansion valve (Fig. 7): The expansion valve must open at about 10-11 bar. If the valve opens at a lower pressure, it could open during the flow period. If the valve opens at a higher pressure, this could cause rapid wear of the flow valve seal. To adjust the pressure until the correct value of 10-11 bar. is obtained, tighten or slacken the tension spring (R), as desired, to increase or lower pressure.

HEATING & CONTROL SYSTEMS

Date July 2007

7. 7.1

HEATING AND CONTROL SYSTEMS AUTOMATIC AND SEMIAUTOMATIC MACHINES

7.1.1 HEATING ELEMENT The heating element is a nickel-chrome spiral, insulated and housed in a copper casing. Function: Placed longitudinally in the boiler and controlled by the pressure-switch, it keeps water at the required temperature automatically. 7.1.2 GAS BURNER (in the gas-fired models) Situated under the boiler for heating water. Controlled by the gas modulator pressureswitch, to keep water at the required temperature. 7.1.3 SAFETY THERMOSTAT (Fig. 8) Connected in series with the pressure-switch, it protects the heating element when the water level into the boiler is lower, and the heating element is not covered. To rearm the thermostat, push in the red button once the heating element has been covered with water Button 7.1.4 PRESSURE-SWITCH
Figure 8

Automatically controls and regulates the steam pressure in the boiler, acting on the heater. Adjustment of the pressure-switch (Fig.9), starting with the machine cold and without pressure: a) Once the coffee machine is connected electrically and hidraulically, turn the switch on to position 2 ; the automatic filling system will start to work A until the boiler reaches the required level of water. b) Turn switch on to position (1) just after of this moment the heater is connected and the water in the boiler will start to heat. Wait until the pressure gauge needle reaches the required value (1 bar) c) For gas machines, when the pressure reaches 0,2 bar, lower than the trip Figure 9 pressure normally 1 bar, turn off the gas to leave only the electric element working. d) 1. If the pressure-switch is correctly adjusted it will disconnect the electric heater when the pressure gauge needle reaches the required value, (1 bar) 2. If disconnection occurs at a lower value than is required, tighten the adjusting nut (A) slowly until the pressure-switch disconnects at the correct level. 3. If the pressure-switch disconnects at a higher value than required, discharge the boiler pressure partially. Loosen the adjustment nut (A) slowly, and check that the heater is disconnected when the pressure gauge marks the value desired. Continue the adjustments until the correct value is obtained.

10

HEATING & CONTROL SYSTEMS

Date July 2007

7.5

GAS MODULATOR PRESSURE-SWITCH (for gas-fired models) Controls and regulates the vapour pressure in the boiler, increasing or decreasing the burner flame according to boiler pressure. The pressure variations act on a rubber membrane which operates the regulating valve. This opens and closes the main supply. Tapped off the main gas supply is a minimum supply which allows a small amount of gas to circulate, even when the main is off. NOTA: From time to time, tighten the minimum supply screw right down (2 or 3 full turns); this keeps the supply line clean, as it can become obstruted by deposits from the gas flow. Adjustment of the gas modulator pressure-switch (Fig.10), starting with the machine cold and without pressure: a) b) Fill the boiler to minimum. Close the minimum gas supply screw (+) of the modulator pressure-switch completely and open the milled trip adjuster screrw (*). Switch on and light the gas.
Figure 10

c) d)

When the pressure is at 0,2 bar, lower than is required to trip the switch normally 1 bar, disconnect the electric heater, leaving the gas lit.

e) 1.- If the gas modulator pressure-switch is correctly adjusted, the gas flame will be extinguished when the needle of the pressure gauge reaches the required value 2.- If the gas flame is extinguished at a lower value, loosen the millet screw and relight the burner. Repeat this operation until the flame goes out when the pressure gauge reaches the correct level. 3.- If the switch is tripped at too high a reading, the flame will go out at levels higher than are required. Allow the pressure in the boiler to discharge, tighten the milled screw, and relight the burner. f) g) Repeat the operation until the switch trips at the correct level. Now adjust the minimum screw. 1.- Loosen the minimum flow screw and relight the burner. 2.- Loosen the screw gradually until the flame is about 15 mm. above the level of the floor of the burner. 3.- Check that the pressure gauge reading remains constant with this flame. NOTE: Normally, in the case of a combined gas /electric machine, since gas is more convenient, the pressure-switch should be set at 0,8 bar, and the gas modulator pressureswitch at 1 bar

11

WORKING PRINCIPLES

Date July 2007

8 8.1

WORKING PRINCIPLES THERMO-SIPHON CIRCULATION (Fig.11) The thermo-siphon circulation is made up of: 1. Heat exchanger pipe crossing the boiler (T). 2. Hot water entry pipe to group (N). 3. Circulation within the group (P). 4. Return from group to heat exchanger (R).

Figure 11

Each group has its own independent Thermo-siphon circuit, kept at the proper temperature for making coffee. Principle of the thermo-siphon circuit: 1. Water in the heat exchanger is heated by conduction by the water in the boiler. 2. The heated water, less dense, expands through the group, passing heat to it, and keeping it thermo-regulated. 3. The water, having lost its heat, is cooler and more dense, returns by the return pipe (R), maintaining the continuous circulation. 8.2. ELECTRONIC MODEL 8.2,1 COFFEE DOSING TOUCH BUTTON (Fig. 12a,12b,12c) (According to model) This is formed by five push-buttons (A,B,C,D, and E) the buttons A,B,C, and D, correspond to the selection of four possible doses of water, button E is for continuous flow. To interrupt the flow (STOP), press any of the buttons (A,B,C,D, and E).

Figura 12a

Figura 12b

F A B C D E F

ON

Figura 12c

12

WORKING PRINCIPLES

Date July 2007

8.2.2 AUTOMATIC FLOW Press one of the four push-buttons (A,B,C, and D) for automatic flow or button (E) for continuous flow, according to the dosage required. Once the group is activated, the infusion period begins, lasting 3 to 5 seconds, and then the brewing begins. The flow terminates automatically in the case of the buttons A,B,C, or D. If the continuous flow button (E) has been pressed, this can be stopped by pressing any one of the five buttons. The automatic flow, using any of the four buttons (A,B,C,and D), can be stopped at will, by pressing any of the five buttons. The machines leave the factory adjusted to give the following quantities, approximately: - Expresso coffee: 70 cc. water - Regular coffee: 85 cc. water - Two expresso coffees:115 cc. water - Two regular coffees: 130 cc. water It has to be borne in mind that these amounts have been measured without any coffee in the filter holder; with coffee they are slightly less. 8.2.1 HOW TO ADJUST OR CHANGE THE COFFEE DOSE; a) a1) a2 ENTER PROGRAMME MODE: Turn the main switch (8) to the OFF position ( See page 4 ) Press the continuous button (A) on the left panel (18 ) and hold, simultaneously turn the machine main power (8) to position (ON). Wait aprox. 5 sec. for the front panel to flash. PROGRAMMING: Put coffee in the 1 cup coffee filter and insert it in the group head. Press the button for 1 short coffee (left keypad) and wait until the electrically operated valve is activated, and release the button. Wait until the amount of coffee reaches the desired level in the cup and press the button again to stop. NOTE: Adjust the other selections by following the same steps for 1 long black, 2 short blacks, and 2 long blacks, respectively.

b) b1) b2) b3)

C) c1)

EXIT FROM PROGRAMME MODE: Turn the main switch (8) OFF (position 0) and then ON (position 1) again.
MAIN SWITCH
2 1 0

2 1

2 1

13

WORKING PRINCIPLES

Date July 2007

8.3

SECURITY WARNINGS

8.3.1 DOSAGE IMPULSE ALARM This alarm is activated if for any reason the impulses from the flowmeter are not registered by the Control Unit, or if there is an interval of more than 15 seconds between impulses. With the group in operation (the pilot light of A,B,C, or D on steadily), it will stop working and all four pilot lights will flash. The following should be checked: Coffee too finely ground. Possible obstruction to the coffee outlet (soiled diffuser, the group injector blocked, etc.). Flowmeter connections. Group solenoid valve. Solenoid-valve connections. Flowmeter working. Possible damage to the electric pump.

To eliminate the alarm indicators, press any button on the control panel of the group concerned; however, if the trouble persists, on pressing a programmed dosage, the alarm will appear again. The warning does not affect the working of continuous flow. 8.3.2 SAFETY LEVEL The machine is fitted with an automatic level safety device, that is activated when for any reason the stainless steel probe has not detected water during a determinate time, the lights on all the keypads begin to flash. The machine will only operate by pressing the continue button. To cancel the alarm, switch the machine off and on again.
MAIN SWITCH

2 1

2 1

2 1

WARNING: It has to kept in mind that this warning will be activated, quite normally, on filling the boiler from completely empty or with a very low water level (in the case of repairs or the starting up of a new machine)

14

WORKING PRINCIPLES

Date July 2007

8.4

CONTROL UNIT (C.U.)

8.4.1 CONTROL UNIT (ELECTRONIC AND SEMIAUTOMATIC) (Fig.13) This component analyses and controls all the information which it receives from the panel of push buttons and the flowmeters, activating the various relays which operate the different solenoid valves and the electric pressure pump. The connections of the C.U., as shown in the diagram, are divided into two sets. On one side, the connections which are marked with numbers these are the supply power connections and outlets. On the other side, the connections marked with a number starting with zero are the input and output of the information circuits from the flowmeters, the electronic level control and electromechanical counter On the other side, there is a single connection for a flat 10 conductor cable which connects to the panels of push buttons.
GND 014
CONNECTION TO BUTTON PANELS

FUS.2

GR-1

GR-2

GR-4

GR-3

FUS.3

1 4 6 5 7 9 10 11
FUS.1 LEVEL PUMP TRANSFORMER

SET / ON

HOT WATER

02 01 03

05 04

07 06

09 08

U. C.
011 010

Figure 13

KEY 1 2 4 5 6 7 9 10 Neutral Phase Solenoid valve GR-1 Solenoid valve GR-2 Solenoid valve GR-3 Solenoid valve GR-4 Level solenoid valve Motor pump 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 010 011 014 Ground /GND Input flowmeter1 (O) or (OUT) Supply flowmeter 1 Input flowmeter 2 (O) or (OUT) Supply flowmeter 2 Input flowmeter 3 (O) u (OUT) Supply flowmeter 3 Input flowmeter 4 (O) u (OUT) Supply flowmeter 4 Output (+) electromechanical counter Output (-) electromechanical counter Connection to level probe

Fus.1 Motor pump Fus.2 Solenoids valves and contactor Fus.3 Supply C.P.U.

15

Date

WORKING PRINCIPLES

July 2007

8.5

PUSH BUTTON CONNECTIONS (Fig.14) All the push button circuit plates are similar. They only need to be codified according to the place they occupy in relation to the groups. The numerical order of the groups (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th ) is determined from left to right looking at the front of the machine.

Connection for cable

Circuit plate

Figure 14
123 4

Back view with lid removed

Terminals in which the bridge should be placed according to the group

(*)

(* )
1 GR.
st

2nd GR.

3 GR.

rd

4 GR.

th

16

INSTALLATION

Date July 2007

9. 9.1

INSTALLATION PREPARATIONS FOR INSTALLATION (Fig. 15) In the site selected for installation of the machine, the following must be provided: * 1-, Water waste pipe of internal diam. not less than 35 mm. * 2-, Water supply 3/8" pipe from stopcock to the decalcifier (Provided with the machine) * 3-, Water stopcock 3/8" * 4-, Electric supply: earthen connection (4).The installation should be protected by a magneto-thermic circuit breaker. *5-, Water 3/8 pipe from the decalcifier to the water pump (Provided with the machine) For gas machines: 6 7 8 Gas supply pipe to coffee machine Gas tap Gas supply pipe

6 7 4 3 2 1
Figure 15

17

INSTALLATION

Date July 2007

9.2.1 INSTALLATION OF THE COFFEE MACHINE When the machine is unpacked, proceed as follows: 1.2.3.4.5 6 7.Check that the incoming voltage is the same as on the specification plate and the identification papers. Open the water stopcock (3) and allow water to flow, to see that it is not soiled. Connect the water softener to the water main network and open the upper tap of this to clean it of the possible resin sediments. Place the machine on the work surface and connect the electric supply and water from the lower tap of the softener to the inlet of the pump and place the drain pipe into the water waste pipe. Operate the rapid regeneration programme of the water decalcifier. While the regeneration is going on, fix the electrical connections. As the regeneration has been finished, Turn main switch (8) on to position 2,(figure 16) the led ON/OFF will light up, as well as the water level led (See page 4) and the automatic filling system will begin to act until the water in the boiler reaches the normal level. For machines equipped for gas and to be installed for the use of this fuel, it must be kep in mind that the machines is prepared for the use of butane gas; if this is the type to be used, connect the machine to the supply. In the case of usine another type of gas (natural or town gas), change the injector for one of a suitable type according to the following table, and for town gas fit the pressure regulator Gr 1 2
BUTANE GAS Code 08047706 08047805 mm. 0,50 0,75 NATURAL GAS Code 08048100 08048209 mm. 0,80 1,15

8.-

9.- Set The main switch to position (1.) check the pump pressure is 9 bar 10.- Test the boiler working pressure to be around 1 bar. 11.- With the machine up to pressure, the first coffees may come out cold; do not vary the settings. Operate the flow group controls so that hot water circulates through and the base temperature is reached. 12.- Adjust the degree of coffee grinding so that the coffee infusion time is 3 to 5 seconds. (Always test with two coffees). 13.- Check that all the joints are tight and the pipes do not leak; if the are loose, tighten the nuts. 14.- After testing, instruct the customer in the working of the machine. 15.- Fill in the documents and complete formalities for delivery to the customer.
0

Main Switch Positions 0 - Machine disconnected 1 - Machine connected 2 - Heater disconnected

13 7

Figura 16

18

WATER SOFTENER

Date July 2007

10. WATER SOFTENER It is always advisable, and in hard water areas essential, to fit a water softener. The stainless steel water softener contains cationic resin which removes calcium salts from the water; otherwise scale deposits will form in the boiler. It is fitted with a fibreglass filter which prevents solid particles from reaching the pump, the inside of the boiler and the coffee flow groups. The softener protects: 1) The boiler. Short periods of working with hard water (not softened) are enough to reduce the efficiency of the boiler considerably. The scale deposits formed are completely eliminated by the action of the softener. 2) The flow group. Working with soft water gives better coffee, as the substances contained in the coffee can be drawn out more. On the other hand, scale deposits in the group block the passages, gradually reducing efficiency so that the coffee comes out less hot. 3) The volumetric pump. The filtering action of the softener avoids the entry of sand and other microscopic particles which are normally found in drinking water. These can damage the pump and impair its efficiency considerably.

19

WATER SOFTENER

Date July 2007

10.1 HOW THE SOFTENER WORKS Without a softener, or if the softener is not cared for calcium and magnesium carbonates contained in the water are precipitated during boiling and form deposits and incrustations on the internal surfaces of the boiler, the heat exchangers and the groups. The cationic resin changes the calcium and magnesium carbonate in the water passing through the softener into sodium carbonate, a salt which does not precipitate and does not cause deposits or incrustations. The cationic resin imparts sodium ions to the water, taking from the water calcium and magnesium ions, until it is exhausted. The spent resin does not soften the water and it must be replaced with coarse salt (sodium chloride). The chlorine in the salt combines with the calcium and magnesium absorbed in the resin and forms calcium chloride and magnesium chloride, which are eliminated with the regeneration water. The liberated sodium remains on the resin and returns it to its initial active condition. 10.2 REGENERATION OF THE SOFTENER The softener, installed with machines, transforms lime scale contained in water which produces scale deposits, into harmless substances. In order to do this, the cationic resin in the softener imparts particles to the water. After a certain period of time it is exhausted. Regeneration promptly carried out returns it to its original state. It is important not to forget to carry out the regeneration at regular intervals. HOW TO REGENERATE THE SOFTENER - Have some coarse salt (1 or 2 kg.) ready. - Place the drain pipe in a container of suitable size for two litres of water, put the upper tap to position-2 - With water contained in the softener discharged, open the top and introduce 1or2 kg. salt, according to whether it is a 1/S or 2/S. Clean the contacting parts carefully and replace the top. - Attach a tube to the outflow and lead it to the drain. - Put the taps in position 3 and allow water to flow until it comes out soft and clear. - Return the taps to position 1.
NOTE: During the regeneration do not fill the boiler or operate the coffee groups

Position - 1
(UPPER TAP)

Position - 2

Position - 3

(LOWER TAP)

20

ELECTRIC PUMP & PRESSURE REDUCER

Date July 2007

Hard water to 20 French SOFTENER TYPE DAILY COFFEES REGENERATION Up to 250 Up to 600 Up to 1200 Salt needed Regeneration time 1S Regenerate monthly Regenerate fortnightly 1 Kg 30 ' 2S Regenerate monthly Regenerate fortnightly 2 Kg 50'

11.

ELECTRIC PUMP To gain access to the pump situated inside of the machine, remove the left side (see page 7) The pump raises the water main pressure to the level necessary for coffee flow (8-9 bar.) It works automatically when the flow group is operated. It is made up of a stainless steel rotor which turns in an outer graphite ring which is eccentric with respect to the rotor. In the rotor are four 90o cavities, with four graphite blades fitted to them, which with the rotation of the rotor transport the water from the eccentric area of the intake chamber to the outflow, creating the needed pressure.

11.1 ADJUSTMENT OF THE PUMP (Fig. 17) The pump works at 8-9 bar. With lower or higher pressures the coffee produced does not have the proper creamy quality (see faults and possible causes). Calibration of the pump is done by acting on the by-pass valve. Remove the blind nut (X) and turn the adjusting screw (*)clockwise to increase the pressure. Turning the adjusting screw anti-clockwise reduces pressure. When adjustment is finished, replace the washer and blind nut, tightening firmly so that air does not enter the pump. 12. PRESSURE REDUCER
Figure 17

This must be used when the water main pressure is more than 5 bar. Higher pressure could affect the working of the machine or cause damage to the water circulation. The pressure reducer is installed to the supply pipe, before the purifier. It automatically reduces the water main pressure so that the whole installation will work properly.

21

DAILY CARE AND MAINTENACE

Date July 2007

13.

DAILY CARE AND MAINTENANCE

13.1 CLEANING Every night, or at least once a day, you should: a) Rinse the filters and filter holders in hot water or, even better, put them into hot water and leave them to soak through the night to dissolve the greasy deposits from the coffee. b) The groups should be rinsed with the blind filter, partially coupled, and making several flows. c) Clean the diffusers with a cloth or sponge. Regularly: Clean the outside of the machine with a cloth dampened in clean water. Never use detergents or abrasives. The drain tray should be cleaned to remove the dregs of coffee that collect at the bottom, to avoid any fermentation which could cause disagreeable odours.
13.2 GENERAL INFORMATION FOR THE BETTER FUNCTIONING OF THE MACHINE

a)

The coffee blend: With regard to the selection of a blend of coffee, this is naturally affected by the preferences of the area. Bear in mind, in any case, that in general a blend with a high proportion of Central and South American coffees gives a coffee of soft and agreeable flavour. A blend with a high proportion of African, Arabian or Indonesian coffee gives a stronger flavour. How to keep coffee beans: Do not keep large quantities of roasted coffee beans; in any case, store coffee in a hermetically sealed container, away from the machine and in a dry place. How to keep ground coffee: 1. Do not keep ground coffee in quantity. 2. Always use coffee freshly ground. Try to use what has been ground before closing at night. The coffee grinder: 1. Make sure that the blades of the grinder are cutting correctly. To check this, put a little coffee in the palm of your hand, spreading it out, see that the proportion of finer to coarser grains is low. 2. Adjust the grinder if the thickness to the touch is very high. 3. If, after adjusting the grinding, the grain is still not satisfactory, change the blades. The cup-warmer tray: 1. Always keep the cup-warmer tray full of cups so as to serve the coffee hot, even although it is not a busy time. 2. The cups should not be very thick, as these draw heat from the coffee. 3. Medium-sized cups improve the creaminess; on falling from the spout the coffee has just the right amount of turbulence, so that the cream rises easily to the surface. 4. It is advisable to keep spoons in hot water.

b)

c)

d)

e)

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Date July 2007

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Date July 2007

14 .1 MALFUNTIONS AND POSSIBLE CAUSES ( Semiautomatic model )

MALFUNCTION
Pump is noisy.

POSSIBLE CAUSE
Pump faulty. Not enough water in the mains supply Blockage of water supply pipe. Pump wrongly set. Pump intake reduced. Relief valve wrongly set or not working properly.

OBSERVATIONS

Flow slow, coffee tastes burnt. Groups at rest. Continuous loss of cold water to the discharge cup. Groups at rest. Flow valve joint wears rapidly. Loss of water through discharge pipe. Coffee flow normal (Malfunction observed in all groups). Flow slow. Coffee cold, tastes burnt. Cream very dark, with tendency to form pores. Flow rapid, coffee insipid. Group in operation. Loss of cold water to the discharge cup. Coffee insipid. Flow slow.

Relief valve set very high (over 1011 bar.).

Coffee ground too fine. Pump pressure low. Injector filter dirty, partially blocked. Pump badly set, valve by-pass blocked. Relief valve not properly set (opening at less than 9 bar).

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Date July 2007

14.2 (ELECTRONIC MODEL)

MALFUNCTION
None of the groups works, in automatic dose or continuous, and the pilot lights remain off.

POSSIBLE CAUSE
No electric current to the control unit Button panel cable disconnected. Control unit damaged. Button Push cable disconnected. Button Push damaged.

OBSERVATIONS
Check that the control unit has current. Check the current in the control unit fuse.

One group does not work, in automatic or continuous, and no indicator light shows when button is pressed. One group does not work in automatic, but does in continuous flow.

Button Push connector is disconnected. Button Push damaged.

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15. Semiautomatic
7 EV 1GR 6 GND EV 2GR

B
A 12 2 1 2 1 10 4 11 10 5

10 1 2 1 10 2 1 10

230 V R 5 (F+N) N

14 10 1 2 9 9 1

4 9

4 GND

EV N

11 8 3 1 2 3 14 4 5 10 6 7 8 9 10 9 2 1 13 2

14

1 2 7 e h d 13 c 4 b a 5 8 1 5

4
3 2 1 1

GND 7 A 2 2 A 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 (N) (F) SEGUN MODELO CONDENSADOR FILTRO RC REGLETA PULSADOR DOSIS SONDA NIVEL ELECTROVALVULA NIVEL ELECTRONIVEL ELECTROVALVULA GRUPO BOMBA RESISTENCIA PRESOSTATO TERMOSTATO PILOTO INTERRUPTOR NEUTRO FASE SECONDO MODELLO CONDENSATORE FILTRO RC ATACCO ELETTRICO PULSANTE SELEC.DOSE SONDA DI LIVELLO ELETTROVALV.NIVELLO AUTONIVELO ELETTRO. ELETTROV. GRUPPO POMPA RESISTENZA PRESSOSTATO TERMOSTATO SPIA INTERRUTTORE NEUTRO FASE ON MODEL CAPACITOR FILTER RC REGLET DOSE PUSH BUTTON LEVEL SPRING SOLENOID VALVE LEVEL ELEC. SELF LEVEL GROUP SOLENOID VALVE PUMP HEATER PRESSURE SWITCH TERMIC CUT OUT PILOT SWITCH NEUTRAL PHASE SELON MODELE CONDENSATEUR FILTRE RC REGLETTE POUSSOIR DOSAGE SONDE NIVEAU ELECTROVANNE NIVEAU NIVEAU ELECTRON. ELECTROVANNE GROUPE POMPA RESISTANCE PRESSOSTAT PROTECTEUR THERMIQUE SIGNALISATER 0PTIQUE INTERRUPTEUR CONDUCTOR NEUTRE PHASE

0-1-2

GND

JE NACH TYP KONDENSATOR FILTER RC ANSCHLUSSLEISLEN TASTER-DOSIS FULLSTANDSSONDE ELECT.VENTIL NIVEL RESEEINIVEAUREGELCE ELECT.VENTIL GROUPE PUMPE HEIZKORPER DRUCKSCHALTER TEMPERATURBEGRENZER PILOT SCHALTER NULL LEITER PHASE

26

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15.1 Electronic

LED BOILER WATER LEVEL

LED LIGHT

LED BOILER WATER LEVEL

1 GR

LED LIGHT

2 GR

A 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 (N) (F)

SEGUN MODELO REGLETA CONTADOR VOLUMETRICO UNIDAD ELECTRONICA PULSADOR DOSIS SONDA NIVEL ELECTROVALVULA NIVEL ELECTROVALVULA GRUPO BOMBA RESISTENCIA PRESOSTATO TERMOSTATO PILOTO INTERRUPTOR NEUTRO FASE

SECONDO MODELLO ATACCO ELETTRICO CONTAT.VOLUMETRICO CENTRALINA ELETTRICA PULSANTE SELEC.DOSE SONDA DI LIVELLO ELETTROVALV.LIVELLO ELETTROV. GRUPPO POMPA RESISTENZA PRESSOSTATO TERMOSTATO SPIA INTERRUTTORE NEUTRO FASE

ON MODEL REGLET VOLUMETRIC COUNTER COUNTER ELEC.UNITY DOSE PUSH BUTTON LEVEL SPRING SOLENOID VALVE LEVEL GROUP SOLENOID VALVE PUMP HEATER PRESSURE SWITCH TERMIC CUT OUT PILOT SWITCH NEUTRAL PHASE

SELON MODELE REGLETTE COMPTEUR VOLUMETRIQ. UNITE ELECTRIQUE POUSSOIR DOSAGE SONDE NIVEAU ELECTROVANNE NIVEAU ELECTROVANNE GROUPE POMPA RESISTANCE PRESSOSTAT PROTECTEUR THERMIQUE SIGNALISATER 0PTIQUE INTERRUPTEUR CONDUCTOR NEUTRE PHASE

JE NACH TYP ANSCHLUSSLEISLEN VOLUM ZAHLER ELECTRON-EINHERT TASTER-DOSIS FULLSTANDSSONDE ELECT.VENTIL NIVEL ELECT.VENTIL GROUPE PUMPE HEIZKORPER DRUCKSCHALTER TEMPERATURBEGRENZER PILOT SCHALTER NULL LEITER PHASE 28.06.06

27

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15.2
B
6 EV 1GR GND EV 2GR

COMPACT / XL
14 7

11

1 9 7 6 5 4 2 2 0

1 8 1 R 5 EV N 9 (F+N) N 230 V

0 02 03 + 1 GR 01 0 04 2 GR 05 + 0 06 3 GR 07 + 0 08 4 GR 09 +

14 14 GND

T 230 V S R (3F)

9
1 S 14 6 9 8 4 GND R N 400 V (3F+N)

+
-

+
-

2
A RS232

+ -

11

10 3 2 1 2 e h d c b a 5 8 1 1 5

012345
13 A

14

7 4 13 12 12 13 4 6 2 2 A 2
0

4
3 2 1 1

B1
10

B2

01
+ 0

01
+

0-1-2

GND

03

02

05

04 12

CV 1

CV 2

A 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 (N) (F)

SEGUN MODELO REGLETA CONTADOR CAFES CONTADOR VOLUMETRICO UNIDAD ELECTRONICA PULSADOR DOSIS SONDA NIVEL ELECTROVALVULA NIVEL ELECTROVALVULA GRUPO BOMBA RESISTENCIA PRESOSTATO TERMOSTATO PILOTO INTERRUPTOR NEUTRO FASE

SECONDO MODELLO ATACCO ELETTRICO CONTACAFFE CONTAT.VOLUMETRICO CENTRALINA ELETTRICA PULSANTE SELEC.DOSE SONDA DI LIVELLO ELETTROVALV.LIVELLO ELETTROV. GRUPPO POMPA RESISTENZA PRESSOSTATO TERMOSTATO SPIA INTERRUTTORE NEUTRO FASE

ON MODEL REGLET COFFEE COUNTER VOLUMETRIC COUNTER COUNTER ELEC.UNITY DOSE PUSH BUTTON LEVEL SPRING SOLENOID VALVE LEVEL GROUP SOLENOID VALVE PUMP HEATER PRESSURE SWITCH TERMIC CUT OUT PILOT SWITCH NEUTRAL PHASE

SELON MODELE REGLETTE COMPTEUR DE CAFES COMPTEUR VOLUMETRIQ. UNITE ELECTRIQUE POUSSOIR DOSAGE SONDE NIVEAU ELECTROVANNE NIVEAU ELECTROVANNE GROUPE POMPA RESISTANCE PRESSOSTAT PROTECTEUR THERMIQUE SIGNALISATER 0PTIQUE INTERRUPTEUR CONDUCTOR NEUTRE PHASE

JE NACH TYP ANSCHLUSSLEISLEN KAFFEEZAHLER VOLUM ZAHLER ELECTRON-EINHERT TASTER-DOSIS FULLSTANDSSONDE ELECT.VENTIL NIVEL ELECT.VENTIL GROUPE PUMPE HEIZKORPER DRUCKSCHALTER TEMPERATURBEGRENZER PILOT SCHALTER NULL LEITER PHASE 18.07.05

28