AVR296: AVRUSBRF01 USB/RF Dongle

1. Introduction
Congratulations on acquiring the AVR AVRUSBRF01. This kit is a USB dongle designed to enhance and demonstrate wireless communications features in addition to the AT90USB162 8 bit AVR USB microcontroller.

8-bit
Microcontrollers

1.1

Overview

Application Note

This document describes the AVRUSBRF01 dongle, powered by an AT90USB162 microcontroller. This board is designed to allow an easy evaluation of USB and wireless transmissions using the provided demonstration software. This user guide acts as a general getting started guide as well as a complete technical reference for advanced users. Figure 1-1. AT90USB162 RF Dongle

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1.2

AT90USB162 USB/RF Dongle Features

The AVRUSBRF01 provides the following features: AT90USB162 running at 16 MHz (16 Mips). Transmission using an nrf24L01 from Nordic Semiconductor USB Full speed device Reset (RST) and bootloader (HWB) buttons LED signalling for Transmit/Receive operations Power supply: USB Bus powered (5V) 6 Pin ISP/Debug Header Upgrade through the USB interface

2. Using the AVRUSBRF01

This chapter describes the board and all its features.

2.1

Getting started
The AVRUSBRF01 reference design allows the user to build an RF application in a short time and reduce time to market. This kit contains two dongles. These dongles are factory programmed with a CDC_RF application. Driver installation and demo startup are explained in the following document: AVR487: AVRUSBRF01 Quick Start (8136 document). Please refer to the web page www.atmel.com/avrusbrf01 for further information and product updates.

Two demonstration firmwares are available for the AVRUSBRF01 dongle: AT90USB162-AT90USB162-usbdevice_cdc_rf AT90USB162-AT90USB162-usbdevice_cdc_rf_fap (this version implements the frequency agility protocol library from Nordic Semiconductor).

These firmwares can be compiled using: IAR Embedded Workbench for Atmel AVR AVR GCC (AVR Studio 4)

For more information about firmwares source code, please refer to the HTML Help, available in the sources directory. After compilation of a demo firmware, you can download it to the dongle microcontroller using FLIP or AVR Studio (using the JTAG header).

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2.2 nrf24L01
The AVRUSBRF01 allows wireless communications with the help of the Nordic Semiconductors nrf24L01 module. Figure 2-1. Location of nrf module:

Antenna

nrf 24L01

Figure 2-2.

nrf 24L01 module pinout:

This low power Transceiver module uses the 2.4 GHz ISM frequency Band, in 123 possible frequency channels. The transmission uses GPSK (Gaussian Phase Shift Keying) modulation. This module can transmit at a datarate up to 2 Mbit/s with a power from -18 to 0 dB (-18, -12, -6, 0). For more information about this module, please visit Nordic Semiconductor Website.

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Buttons
Two Push buttons are available on the AVRUSBRF01 board: RST: Reset button. Resets the microcontroller when pressed. HWB: Bootloader Button. If maintained pressed while resetting the dongle (with RST Button), this button forces the microcontroller to enter into DFU mode (Device Firmware Upgrade). While the dongle is running the firmware, this button can be used as a standard input button. Figure 2-3. On Board Push Buttons:

RST Button (Reset) HWB Button (Bootloader)

To force the execution the on-chip DFU bootloader, execute the following procedure: Push both HWB and RST buttons Release RST button first Release HWH button Figure 2-4. Entering DFU Mode (Bootloader):

RST

Released Pressed

HWB

Released Pressed

When in bootloader mode, one can program/update the on-chip code with the help of FLIP software that can be downloaded from the Atmel web site (www.atmel.com).

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2.4 LEDs
Two LEDs are on the AVRUSBRF01 board: TX: red LED connected to PORTD1, may be driven by software to indicate whenever the dongle is transmitting data. RX: green LED connected to PORTD0, may be driven by software to indicate whenever the dongle is receiving data. Figure 2-5. On-board signalling LEDs:

RX LED (Green) TX LED (Red)

2.5

ISP / Debug header

The AVRUSBRF01 dongle can be programmed using FLIP and the Bootloader. The dongle can also be programmed via an ISP header (located close to the ATMEL logo on the board). The ISP / debug header allows serial programming (using a programmer, like a JTAG ICE MKII) and debugging while using the Reset pin in DebugWire function.

Figure 2-6.

6-pin ISP / Debug header:

ISP header

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Figure 2-7.

ISP / Debug header pinout: ISP / Debug header SPI_MISO (PD0) SPI_SCK (SCK) RESET (RST) 1 VCC SPI_MOSI (PD1) GND

Note:

The ISP / Debug header is not mounted by default, you need to solder a 1.27 pitch header on the board to be able to debug your firmware.

3. Troubleshooting Guide
Please refer to this guide before sending a request to AVR Technical Support. Main problems should be solved here. This guide assumes that the board driver file provided by Atmel is used. Figure 3-1. Troubleshooting Guide
Reason or Condition Bad power supply No firmware programmed Boot Reset enabled DebugWire function enabled No bootloader programmed AVRUSBRF01 does not enter DFU Mode DebugWire function enabled HWB is disabled AVRUSBRF01 does not communicates when running fap demo firmware Problem / Solution Check the power supply source level (5V) on VCC testpoint (ISP header). Program a demo software, using FLIP or AVR Studio 4. SET the BOOTRST Fuse bit.

Problem AVRUSBRF01 does not work AVRUSBRF01 does not enumerates AVRUSBRF01 starts bootloader instead of firmware The Reset Button Does not work

CLEAR the DWEN Fuse bit. Program the bootloader using ISP header. CLEAR the DWEN Fuse bit. CLEAR the HWBE Fuse bit. Press HWB button on each dongle before first communication. Both two dongles must be running a fap* firmware

Not synchronized

Note:

*fap: Frequency Agility Protocol, for more information, please refers to the cdc_rf_fap firmware manual.

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4. Technical Specifications
System Unit Physical DimensionsL=138 x W=16 mm

Operating Conditions Voltage Supply 5V (USB) (<100mA)

Features AT90USB162 running at 16 MHz (16 Mips). USB Full speed device nrf24L01 based radio transmissions at 2.4 GHz (ISM frequency band). GPSK. Embedded signalling LEDs. Reset (RST) and bootloader (HWB) buttons On chip bootloader for easy firmware upgrade.

5. Technical Support
For Technical support, please contact avr@atmel.com. When requesting technical support, please include the following information: Which target AVR device is used (complete part number) Target voltage and speed Clock source and fuse setting of the AVR Programming method (ISP, Parallel or specific Boot-Loader) Hardware revisions of the AVR tools, found on the PCB Version number of AVR Studio. This can be found in the AVR Studio help menu. PC operating system and version/build PC processor type and speed A detailed description of the problem

6. Complete Schematics
On the next pages, the following documents of AVRUSBRF01 are shown: Complete schematics Assembly drawing Board layout Bill of materials

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Figure 6-1.

R22 22

R5 22

U14 C28 L2 C42 1 F 3.9nH 1.5p 1p C41 L3 8.2nH L4 Length = 31.25 mm UCAP Capacitor Closed to the MCU 21 nRF24L01 EN_RXTX_NORDIC CS_NORDIC SPI_SCK SPI_MOSI SPI_MISO 1 2 3 4 5 CE CSN SCK MOSI MISO VDD1 VSS1 ANT2 ANT1 VDD_PA BT 15 14 13 12 11

VSS3 DVDD VDD2 VSS2 IREF

Schematics, 1 of 1

UCAP

UVCC

R29

UVCC AVCC

NM
2.7nH RESET IRQ_NORDIC UCAP CS_NORDIC SPI_MISO XTAL1 C39 2.2n C40 4.7p

U2

C26

Y2 16MHz

15pF

1 2 3 4 VCC EN_RXTX_NORDIC 5 RECEIVE_LED 6 TRANSMIT_LED 7 8

AVCC UVCC D-/SDATA D+/SCK UGND UCAP PC4 PC5

15pF 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17

XTAL1 XTAL2

XTAL1 Reset# XTAL2 PC6 GND PC7 VCC PB7 AT90USB16 PC2 PB6 PD0 PB5 PD1 PB4 PD2 PB3

BT

IRQ_NORDIC

HWB

SPI_SCK SPI_MOSI

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

PD3 PD4 PD5 PD6 PD7 PB0 PB1 PB2

33

6 7 8 9 10

C27

32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25

IRQ VDD VSS XC2 XC1

UCAP

R28

VCC_CPU

UGND UCAP

DD+

20 19 18 17 16

8
USB Connection
UVCC J7 UVCC 1 2 3 4 5 6 C36 33n VBUS DD+ GND SHLD1 SHLD2 C37 10n C38 1n UCAP

NM = Not Mounted

Antena
R27 22k

292303-1 AP8-00122 CR3 CR4

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NM NM
Reset Circuit
VCC R24 47k RESET UVCC SW6 Ext Reset DECOUPLING CAPACITORS CLOSED TO THE USB CONNECTOR PIN 2-3 C32 4.7 F AVCC C35 100nF DECOUPLING CAPACITORS CLOSED TO THE DEVICE MCU Pin32 DECOUPLING CAPACITORS CLOSED TO THE DEVICE MCU Pin4 VCC UVCC C34 100nF DECOUPLING CAPACITORS CLOSED TO THE DEVICE MCU Pin31 C33 100nF

Communication Activity Force Bootloader Execution

VCC RECEIVE_LED TRANSMIT_LED

DEBUG WIRE Interface and Serial ISP Interface

SPI_MOSI VCC 2 4 6 C29 100nF

R23 47k

C30 220nF HWB

D5 ORANGE LED

D4 GREEN LED

J6

SPI_MISO SPI_SCK RESET

1 3 5

PDO VCC SCK PDI RESET GND

CON 2x3

SW7 HWB

R26 50

R25 50

ISP CON
DECOUPLING CAPACITOR CLOSE TO THE CONNECTOR TitleAT90USBnRF Size A3 Date: Document Number Tuesday , October 24, 2006 Sheet 1 of 1

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Figure 6-2. Assembly Drawing, 1 of 1(component side view)

Figure 6-3.

Board Layout

Table 6-1.
Qtty

Bill of Materials
Schematic Reference Value Inductor Tech. Characteristics Package

1 1 1

L2 L3 L4

3.9 nH 8.2 nH 2.7nH Capacitors

LQP15 serie0402 (Murata) LQP15 serie0402 (Murata) LQP15 serie0402 (Murata)

0402 0402 0402

C26 C27

15 pF

Max 5V

0402

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Table 6-1.
Qtty 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Bill of Materials
Schematic Reference C28 C29 C34 C35 C33 C30 C32 C36 C37 C38 C39 C40 C41 C42 C44 Value 1 F 100 nF 100 nF 220 nF 4.7 F 33 nF 10 nF 1 nF 2.2 nF 4.7 pF 1 pF 1.5 pF 10 F Diodes Tech. Characteristics Max 5V Max 5V Max 6V Max 5V Max 6V Max 5V Max 5V Max 5V Max 5V Max 5V Max 5V Max 5V Max 5V Package 0603 0603 0604 0603 0603 0402 0402 0402 0402 0402 0402 0402 0603

1 1 2

D4 D5 CR3 CR4

Green Red

SMD Led 0603 Green SMD Led 0603 Red USB ESD suppressor Resistors

0603 0603 0603

2 2 2 1 1 1 2

R5 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28 R29 R7 R8

22 47 k 47 22 k 0 0 15 or 10 Crystals 1%

0402 0402 0402 0402 0402 0402 0402

Y2

16 MHz

16 MHz SMD crystal <= 60ppm (FA20H, Epson Toyocom)

Integrated Circuits 1 1 U14 U2 Nordic nrf24L01 AT90USB16 QFN32 5x5

Connectors 1 1 J7 J6 Switches 2 SW7 SW6 KMR (ITT CANNON, ref Farnell: 4156560)) USB Connector A-Type(WERI 6900411) ISP Connector (Header 6pts 3x2.54mm)

Note:

The rows with grey background color specify that the corresponding component is not mounted by default (Optional).

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