Sanitary Sewer Design

Tutorial

Urban Water Design - 437

Instructor: Andrea Bradford Teaching Assistant: Mauricio Herrera School of Engineering University of Guelph Fall 2005

Design stages (I)

Design period. Select suitable design period: Population and industrial growth rate; water consumption growth rate Contributing area. Quantify: domestic population, unit water consumption, commercial/industrial output, infiltration Dry Weather flows. Calculate: dry weather flows, peak flow rates.

Design stages (II)

Hydraulic design. Establish hydraulic constraints: pipe roughness, velocities, depths Calculate pipe size. Sizes, gradients, depth

Flow patterns
Directly related to the local water use of the community. Relative to the location. Upstream will be like pulses due to flushes. Downstream will be more consistent flow.

Flow pattern measurement

Flow measurements

Flow measurements

Dry weather flow pattern

Caudal (Patrones)
Caudal (42333.97 m3) 0.150

0.125

0.100 m3s 0.075 0.050 0.025 24 Fri Nov 2000 25 Sat 26 Sun 27 Mon 28 Tue 11/23/00 2:00:00 AM - 11/30/00 2:00:00 AM 29 Wed 30 Thu

Water quality pattern

CARACAS 77
Flowlink 4 for Windows
Conductividad (0.384 mS/cm) 0.6 mS/cm 0.4 0.2 20 18 16 8 pH pH (7.1 pH) Temperatura (18.7 C) O.D. (6.9 mg/l)

C mg/l

7 20

10

0 22 Wed Nov 2000 23 Thu 24 Fri 25 Sat 26 Sun 11/21/00 9:00:00 AM - 11/28/00 9:00:00 AM 27 Mon 28 Tue

Domestic Flow
Population Per capita consumption
Category Day schools Boarding Schools Hospitals Nursing homes Sports Centers Volume (l/day) 50-100 150-200 500-750 300-400 10-30 BOD load (g/day) 20-30 30-60 110-150 60-80 10-20 Per Pupil Pupil Bed Bed Visitor

Infiltration. Usually a % of Dry Weather Flow (i.e. 10%)

Indoor Water Use

Breakdown of Indoor Water Use

Toilet (26.7%) Shower (16.8%) Faucet (15.7%) Dishwasher (1.4%) Clothes Washer (21.7%) Bath (1.7%) Other Domestic (2.2%) Leak (13.7%)

Breakdown of Residential Indoor Water Use (Soroczan, 2000)

Pipe placement
The sanitary pipes are placed down the middle of the street and, in accordance with City of Guelph Standards, will not fall outside the curb boundaries of any road. This ensures that maintenance and upgrades to the system do not cause any excavation of building lots and in case of leakage, no contamination of water supply pipes will occur. Generally, sanitary sewer services are buried at least 2 m below ground. City of Guelph specifications require the top of pipes to be 2.7 m below ground.

Design Criteria
Capacity. Usually d/D =0.75 Self Cleansing. (i.e. 0.7 m/s) Minimum pipe size Slope. Min. 0.5%

EPA SWMM 5 Kinematic Routing

Non surcharged flow Simulates dry weather flow pattern Includes drain infiltration Estimates scour and deposition of sediments Pollutant routing through dendritic network

Example Network using PCSWMM

Sewer Layout

Sample Results