Re: how to install a patch in solaris 10(step by step details)?

1) Mount the cdrom 2)/cdrom/eis-dvd/sun/install 3) . ./profile-EIS 4) ./setup-standard.sh 5) cd /cdrom/eis-dvd/sun/patch 6) go to the desired directory where the patches are available 7) unpack_patches 8) provide the path for unpacking for ex : /var/sun 9) init S 10) cd /var/sun 11) ./install_all_patches

Or
1) Need to take the backup file system through ufsdump or need to remove one of the root mirror from the server. 2) Need to check the current patch version on the server # uname -a ( For kernel patch ) # showrev -p ( For other patches ) 3) Check the latest patch in http://sunsolve.sun.com 4) Go through the Read me file 5) Boot the server in to the single user mode #shutdown -g0 -y -i1 (or #init 0 & ok boot -s) 6) Install the patch #Patchadd < Ptach > 7) Down the machine in to the OBP using #init 0 8) Do the reconfiguration boot

#boot -r 9) Check the patch is updated or not

How many fields in passwd, shadow and group files

7 inPasswd: username:passwd:uid:gid:commentfiled:homedirectory:logins hell 9 in shadow: useraccount:passwd:lastchange:min:max:warring:inactivity: expiration:flag 4 in group: username:passwd:gid:user

Re: I have a hard disk. After inserting this what are the recommended steps to install it on your solaris ?
First check for a new hardware: # devfsadm New you will find a new disk on another bus c1t*do @ /dev/rdsk/c1t*d0s0 (here* indicates the diskette number) to list available disks # ls /dev/rdsk/*s0 Next have to format the new for creating the partitions # format (it will list all the available disks) Then select the disk number hit enter then itll show Selecting c1t*d0 [Disk formatted] If suppose its not formatted automatically, then type format at format prompt to low level format the disk and create a partition, then type y to create the default partition. # format> fdisk No fdisk table exists. The default partition for the disk is: a 100% SOLARIS System partition Type y to accept the default partition, otherwise type n to edit the partition table. Y Go to partition menu by typing partition at format prompt Type print to display the default table #partition > print Then select partition 0 (zero) and create the partition

#partition> 0 Part Tag Blocks 0 unassigned (0/0/0)

Flag wm 0

Cylinders 0

Size 0

Enter partition id tag[unassigned]: Enter partition permission flags[wm]: Enter new starting cyl[0]: 1 Enter partition size[0b, 0c, 1e, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]: 1.9gb Then label the partition #partition> label Ready to label disk, continue? Y Then quit #partition> quit #format> quit # Create a file system on the disk bash-3.00# newfs /dev/rdsk/c2t1d0s0 newfs: construct a new file system /dev/rdsk/c2t1d0s0: (y/n)? y /dev/rdsk/c2t1d0s0: 3985408 sectors in 973 cylinders of 128 tracks, 32 sectors 1946.0MB in 43 cyl groups (23 c/g, 46.00MB/g, 11264 i/g) Super-block backups (for fsck -F ufs -o b=#) at: 32, 94272, 188512, 282752, 376992, 471232, 565472, 659712, 753952, 848192, 3109952, 3204192, 3298432, 3392672, 3486912, 3581152, 3675392, 3769632, 3863872, 3958112 bash-3.00# now the new file system is created now mount this and use it ---------------------------------------------------bash-3.00# ls /dev/rdsk/*s0 (checking the avalilable disks) /dev/rdsk/c0d0s0 /dev/rdsk/c1t0d0s0 /dev/rdsk/c2t0d0s0 bash-3.00# devfsadm(checking for new hardware)

bash-3.00# ls /dev/rdsk/*s0 /dev/rdsk/c0d0s0 /dev/rdsk/c1t0d0s0 /dev/rdsk/c2t0d0s0 /dev/rdsk/c2t1d0s0(got the new disk) bash-3.00# format Searching for disks...done AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS: 0. c0d0 <DEFAULT cyl 1302 alt 2 hd 255 sec 63> /pci@0,0/pci-ide@7,1/ide@0/cmdk@0,0 1. c2t0d0 <DEFAULT cyl 1020 alt 2 hd 128 sec 32> /pci@0,0/pci15ad,1976@10/sd@0,0 2. c2t1d0 <DEFAULT cyl 1021 alt 2 hd 128 sec 32> /pci@0,0/pci15ad,1976@10/sd@1,0 Specify disk (enter its number): 2 (2 is the new disk) selecting c2t1d0 [disk formatted] FORMAT MENU: disk - select a disk type - select (define) a disk type partition - select (define) a partition table current - describe the current disk format - format and analyze the disk fdisk - run the fdisk program repair - repair a defective sector label - write label to the disk analyze - surface analysis defect - defect list management backup - search for backup labels verify - read and display labels save - save new disk/partition definitions inquiry - show vendor, product and revision volname - set 8-character volume name !<cmd> - execute <cmd>, then return quit format> fdisk No fdisk table exists. The default partition for the disk is: a 100% "SOLARIS System" partition

Type "y" to accept the default partition,otherwise type "n" to edit the partition table. y format> p PARTITION MENU: 0 - change `0' partition 1 - change `1' partition 2 - change `2' partition 3 - change `3' partition 4 - change `4' partition 5 - change `5' partition 6 - change `6' partition 7 - change `7' partition select - select a predefined table modify - modify a predefined partition table name - name the current table print - display the current table label - write partition map and label to the disk !<cmd> - execute <cmd>, then return quit partition> p Current partition table (original): Total disk cylinders available: 1020 + 2 (reserved cylinders) Part Tag Flag Blocks 0 unassigned wm (0/0/0) 0 1 unassigned wm (0/0/0) 0 2 backup wu (1020/0/0) 4177920 3 unassigned wm (0/0/0) 0 4 unassigned wm (0/0/0) 0 Cylinders 0 0 0 - 1019 0 0 Size 0 0 1.99GB 0 0

5 unassigned wm (0/0/0) 0 6 unassigned wm (0/0/0) 0 7 unassigned wm (0/0/0) 0 8 boot wu (1/0/0) 4096 9 unassigned wm (0/0/0) 0 partition> 0 Part Tag Blocks 0 unassigned (0/0/0) Flag wm 0

0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 2.00MB 0

Cylinders 0

Size 0

Enter partition id tag[unassigned]: Enter partition permission flags[wm]: Enter new starting cyl[0]: 1 Enter partition size[0b, 0c, 1e, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]: 1.9gb(creating partiation with 1.9gb) partition> p Current partition table (unnamed): Total disk cylinders available: 1020 + 2 (reserved cylinders) Part Tag Flag Blocks 0 unassigned wm (973/0/0) 3985408 1 unassigned wm (0/0/0) 0 2 backup wu (1020/0/0) 4177920 3 unassigned wm (0/0/0) 0 4 unassigned wm (0/0/0) 0 5 unassigned wm (0/0/0) 0 Cylinders 1 0 0 - 1019 0 0 0 973 Size 1.90GB 0 1.99GB 0 0 0

6 unassigned wm (0/0/0) 0 7 unassigned wm (0/0/0) 0 8 boot wu (1/0/0) 4096 9 unassigned wm (0/0/0) 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 2.00MB 0

Partition> label Ready to label disk, continue? y Partition> quit FORMAT MENU: disk - select a disk type - select (define) a disk type partition - select (define) a partition table current - describe the current disk format - format and analyze the disk fdisk - run the fdisk program repair - repair a defective sector label - write label to the disk analyze - surface analysis defect - defect list management backup - search for backup labels verify - read and display labels save - save new disk/partition definitions inquiry - show vendor, product and revision volname - set 8-character volume name !<cmd> - execute <cmd>, then return quit format> quit bash-3.00# newfs /dev/rdsk/c c0d0p0 c0d0s15 c1t0d0p3 c1t0d0s4 c2t0d0s1 c2t0d0s7 c2t1d0s12 c0d0p1 c0d0s2 c1t0d0p4 c1t0d0s5 c2t0d0s10 c2t0d0s8 c2t1d0s13 c0d0p2 c0d0s3 c1t0d0s0 c1t0d0s6 c2t0d0s11 c2t0d0s9 c2t1d0s14

c0d0p3 c2t1d0p0 c0d0p4 c2t1d0p1 c0d0s0 c2t1d0p2 c0d0s1 c2t1d0p3 c0d0s10 c2t1d0p4 c0d0s11 c2t1d0s0 c0d0s12 c2t1d0s1 c0d0s13 c2t1d0s10 c0d0s14 c2t1d0s11

c0d0s4 c2t1d0s15 c0d0s5 c2t1d0s2 c0d0s6 c2t1d0s3 c0d0s7 c2t1d0s4 c0d0s8 c2t1d0s5 c0d0s9 c2t1d0s6 c1t0d0p0 c2t1d0s7 c1t0d0p1 c2t1d0s8 c1t0d0p2 c2t1d0s9

c1t0d0s1 c1t0d0s10 c1t0d0s11 c1t0d0s12 c1t0d0s13 c1t0d0s14 c1t0d0s15 c1t0d0s2 c1t0d0s3

c1t0d0s7 c1t0d0s8 c1t0d0s9 c2t0d0p0 c2t0d0p1 c2t0d0p2 c2t0d0p3 c2t0d0p4 c2t0d0s0

c2t0d0s12 c2t0d0s13 c2t0d0s14 c2t0d0s15 c2t0d0s2 c2t0d0s3 c2t0d0s4 c2t0d0s5 c2t0d0s6

bash-3.00# newfs /dev/rdsk/c2t1d0s c2t1d0s0 c2t1d0s11 c2t1d0s14 c2t1d0s3 c2t1d0s6 c2t1d0s9 c2t1d0s1 c2t1d0s12 c2t1d0s15 c2t1d0s4 c2t1d0s7 c2t1d0s10 c2t1d0s13 c2t1d0s2 c2t1d0s5 c2t1d0s8 bash-3.00# newfs /dev/rdsk/c2t1d0s0 newfs: construct a new file system /dev/rdsk/c2t1d0s0: (y/n)? y /dev/rdsk/c2t1d0s0: 3985408 sectors in 973 cylinders of 128 tracks, 32 sectors 1946.0MB in 43 cyl groups (23 c/g, 46.00MB/g, 11264 i/g) super-block backups (for fsck -F ufs -o b=#) at: 32, 94272, 188512, 282752, 376992, 471232, 565472, 659712, 753952, 848192, 3109952, 3204192, 3298432, 3392672, 3486912, 3581152, 3675392, 3769632, 3863872, 3958112 bash-3.00# mkdir /harish (creating a directory to mount) bash-3.00# mount /dev/dsk/c2t1d0s c2t1d0s0 c2t1d0s11 c2t1d0s14 c2t1d0s3 c2t1d0s6 c2t1d0s9

c2t1d0s1 c2t1d0s12 c2t1d0s15 c2t1d0s4 c2t1d0s7 c2t1d0s10 c2t1d0s13 c2t1d0s2 c2t1d0s5 c2t1d0s8 bash-3.00# mount /dev/dsk/c2t1d0s0 /harish/ bash-3.00# df -h Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on /dev/dsk/c0d0s0 6.9G 3.5G 3.3G 52% / /devices 0K 0K 0K 0% /devices ctfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/contract proc 0K 0K 0K 0% /proc mnttab 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/mnttab swap 1022M 984K 1021M 1% /etc/svc/volatile objfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/object sharefs 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/dfs/sharetab /usr/lib/libc/libc_hwcap1.so.1 6.9G 3.5G 3.3G 52% /lib/libc.so.1 fd 0K 0K 0K 0% /dev/fd swap 1021M 40K 1021M 1% /tmp swap 1021M 32K 1021M 1% /var/run /dev/dsk/c2t0d0s0 1.8G 1.9M 1.8G 1% /NFS /dev/dsk/c0d0s7 2.4G 2.5M 2.3G 1% /export/home /dev/dsk/c2t1d0s0 1.8G 1.9M 1.8G 1% /harish(now the new harddisk is formated and mounted) bash-3.00#

Re: How can you check that a particular volume is mirrored?

vxprint -h shows complete information of all mirrored volumes along with all subdisks and volumes

Re: What are the daemons in NIS server?

ypservd

ypbind ypxfrd rpc.yppasswd rpc.ypupdated

Re: If user is not loging in to server what is the problem?

Login incorrect: The most common cause of an incorrect login message is a mistyped password. Make sure the correct password is being used, and then attempt to enter it again. Remember that passwords are case-sensitive, so you cannot interchange uppercase letters and lowercase letters. Permission denied: This message occurs when there are login, password, or NIS+ security problems. Most often, an administrator has locked the users passwords the users account has been terminated. Password will not work at lock screen: A common error is to have the Caps Lock key on, which causes all letters to be uppercase. This does not work if the password contains lowercase letters No shell: the users shell does not exist, is typed incorrectly, or is wrong in the /etc/passwd file and many more....

If /etc/system file is corrupted how will you recover it, if we dont have a CDROM then what is the procedure? If /etc/system file corrupted we will use backup tapes and recover it. if at all we r having no backup then we will go to ok prompt and copy the file /dev/null file to the /etc/system. /dev/null file copies the default contents to the /etc/system file to boot the sys

Re: In a E6800 server, how can you login to domain shell and system Console?
schostname:SC>console -d <domain_ID> connected to Domain A Domain Shell for domain A OK> or login:

Re: What is the basic requirement for cluster?

There should be at least two nodes (systems) to configure a cluster. And there should be two private and a public channel (3 nic cards) And a shared storage should be there.

Re: In a two node cluster how can you bring the one of the node in maintenance mode.
Bring the resource groups offline scswitch -F -g resourcegroup then shutdown -y -g0 -i0

Re: What is the command to check the connectivity between 2 nodes? ping hostname or ip address.
if you get hostname is alive, then the connectivity is ok.

Re: What are the types of cluster configuration?

1. 2. Horizontal configuration Vertical configuration

Re: Command to find the VCS status

#hastatus sum

Re: How to remove a disk group?

#vxdg destroy <disk group>

How to find the VERITAS License?

vxlicrep /etc/vx/licenses/lic

Re: What are the daemons in VERITAS? Vxconfigd Vxbackupd Vxnotifyd Vxrelocd Vxiod Re: What is difference between incremental backup and differential backup?
Incremental: Only those files will be included which have been changed since the last backup. Differential: Only those files will be included which have been changed since the last Full backup

Difference between ufs and tar command

ufsdump 1. Used for complete file system backup. 2. It copies everything from regular files in a file system to special character and block device files. 3. It can work on mounted or unmounted file systems.

Tar: 1. Used for single or multiple files backup. 2. Can't backup special character & block device files. 3. Works only on mounted file system.

Re: How to do the disk cloning on solaris

Here is the procedure Install the disk you can do this few ways, let's the scenario be, the disk is already attached and its been label through format. primary disk is u r c1t0d0s2 #dd if=/dev/dsk/c1t0d0s2 of=/dev/dsk/c1t1d0s2 bs=256k This will take time, depends on the size of the primary disk verify the clone disk has a clean file system, for that #fsck -y /dev/rdsk/c1t1d0s0 To verify that mount the clone disk #mount /dev/dsk/c1t1d0s0 /mnt Change the /etc/vfstab to point to the clone device #vi /mnt/etc/vfstab After making changes, boot the clone disk -----Done

Explain RAID0, RAID1, RAID3,

RAID 0 Concatenation/Striping

RAID 1 Mirroring RAID 5-Striped array with rotating parity. Concatenation: Concatenation is joining of two or more disk slices to add up the disk space. Concatenation is serial in nature i.e. sequential data operations are performed serially on first disk then second disk and so on. Due to serial nature new slices can be added up without having to take the backup of entire concatenated volume, adding slice and restoring backup. Striping: Spreading of data over multiple disk drives mainly to enhance the performance by distributing data in alternating chunks - 16 k interleave across the stripes. Sequential data operations are performed in parallel on all the stripes by reading/writing 16k data blocks alternatively form the disk stripes. Mirroring: Mirroring provides data redundancy by simultaneously writing data on to two sub mirrors of a mirrored device. A sub mirror can be a stripe or concatenated volume and a mirror can have three mirrors. Main concern here is that a mirror needs as much as the volume to be mirrored. RAID 5: RAID 5 provides data redundancy and advantage of striping and uses less space than mirroring. A RAID 5 is made up of at least three disks, which are striped with Parity information written alternately on all the disks. In case of a single disk failure the data can be rebuild using the parity information from the remaining disks.

Re: How to create swap file

#mkfile 20m /filename #swap a /filename #swap l (to view and swap file) #swap d (to delete the swap file)

Re: If super block corrupted how to recover # newfs N /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s6

Then run the fsck utility using alternative super block # fsck F ufs o b=32 /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s6

Expalin soft link and hard link

Softlink : A file that points to another file it could be another file, directory, device file, or a symbolic link ...inode number of source file & link would be different from each other...soft link can link between different file system. command to create the softlink ... ln -s sourcefile link Hardlink : A hardlink share same inode number. Hard link point to only file not directory... it cannot span different file system ....hard link can only link the file on same file system... syntax. ln sourcefile link... Softlink : link between different file systems and inode number will be different (eg) /U3 - /U4 #ln s /U3/file1 /U4/file2 Hardlink : link between same file systems and inode number will be same (eg) /U3 - /U3 #ln s /U3/file1 /U3/file2

Re: How to change the hostname and Ethernet address in single command # /usr/sbin/sysidconfig

Otherwise open the /etc/nodename or /etc/hostname file and edit the hostname and ip address.

Explain setuid, setgid and stickybit

Setuid: When setuid permission set on a executable file, user who access the file is granted access permission of the owner of the file. # find / -prem 4000 setgid: Permission similar to setuid, The process is changed to owner of the file. # find / -prem 2000 Stickybit: It is a special permission that protect the files within a public writable directory Stickybit permission set the shared directory, user can create a files or directory but only by owner of the directory can modify or delete. # find / -prem 1000

How will you check the disk performance?

# iostat xctd 4 5

Re: Tell me the port for Telnet, ftp,nis,ssh,nfs

Telnet = 23 ftp = 25 ssh = 22 nfs = 2049 nis = 749

What is the difference between dsk and rdsk

Before formatting a disk it is raw disk (character special) After formatting a disk it is dsk device(block special) dsk--we can write multiple data at time

Re: What is the protocol supported by NFS

UDP and TCP

Re: How will you rectify the root passwd in solaris?

Boot through cdrom 1/3 cd in single user mode. Ok boot cdrom-s # mount F ufs /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s6 /mnt # cd mnt #set TERM=vt100 #export TERM --> If you dont give, vi editor won't start properly # vi /etc/shadow file) # umount /mnt # reboot (While system come up it will ask the new root Password) (remove the passwd entry and save the

Re: Explain inode

When a file system is created, data structures are created that contain information about files. Each file is associated with an inode that is identified by an inode number (often referred to as an "i-number" or "inode") in the file system where it resides.

Inodes store information on files, such as user and group Ownership, access mode (read, write, execute permissions) and type of file. On many types of file systems the number of inodes available is fixed at file system creation, limiting the maximum number of files the file system can hold. A typical fraction of space allocated for inodes in a file system is 1% of total size. The inode number indexes a table of inodes in a known location on the device; from the inode number, the kernel can access the contents of the inode, including the data pointers, and so the contents of the file. A file's inode number can be found using the ls -i command, while the ls -l command will retrieve inode information (i.e. the file information). Some Unix-style file systems such as ReiserFS may avoid having a table of inodes, but must store equivalent data in order to provide equivalent functions. The data may be called stat data, in reference to the stat system call that provides the data to programs. File names and directory implications: Inodes do not contain file names, only file metadata. Unix directories are lists of "link" structures, each of which contains one filename and one inode number. The kernel must search a directory looking for a particular filename and then convert the filename to the correct corresponding inode number if the name is found. The kernel's in-memory representation of this data is called struct inode in Linux. Systems derived from BSD use the term vnode, with the v of vnode referring to the kernel's virtual file system layer.

How many fields in passwd, shadow and group files

7 inPasswd:

username:passwd:uid:gid:commentfiled:homedirectory:logins hell 9 in shadow: Useraccount:passwd:lastchange:min:max:warring:inactivity: expiration:flag 4 in group: username:passwd:gid:user

How will see the kernel version

#uname -v ------>this will give you kernel version. #isainfo -v ------->This will give you the kernel bit(32 or 64bit)

Re: Default path for patches

/var/sadm/patch is the default patches directory Re: When user logging in which file will take place .profiles

Re: what is cluster?

a cluster is a group of servers and other resources that act like a single system and enable high availability.

Explain the boot process?

Boot process dived into 4 phases. 1. POST 2. OBPROM 3. KERNEL INITIALIZATION 4. INIT PHASES

POST: Power on self-test, it will detect hardware, machine host ID, serial No, architecture type, memory and Ethernet address and it will load the primary program called bootblk. OBP: Open boot programmable, 1. Diagnosing all the system hardware and 2. Initializing the boot parameter. 3. Creating device trees and load the boot block From (0-15 sector), it is called as secondary boot programmable ufsboot. KERNELINITIALIZATION: ufsboot load the kernel (generic unix), kernel will load all the necessary devices modules to mount the root partition to continue the booting process. Init Phase: It will started by executing of /etc/init program and start other process reading the /etc/inittab files, as the directory in the /etc/inittab files. . memory.

How to use the command "top" in solaris 10

TOP command is use to see the process status. But it is not used in solaris 10 in solaris 10 it is replaced by prstat

How to now the network speed, whether it is a full duplex or half duplex? and what is full duplex and half duplex?
# dladm show-dev bge0 link: up duplex: full bge1 link: down duplex: unknown speed: 100 speed: 0 Mbps Mbps

Re: how to find bad disk in VERITAS VOLUME MANAGER

vxprint -hrt This command will give the entire status of the disks vxdisk list this command will give you the list of all the disks in a disk group including status. The bad disk status will be some thing like needs maintainence just replace that disk with a new one.

Re: what is difference between svm&vxvm?

1st we cant reduce size in svm but vxvm v can (no shrink) 2nd no online resizing in svm 3rd relay out in vxvm 4th snapshot in vxvm

Re: How can u configure DNS & configuration files

Configuring DNS: For DNS server /etc/named.conf /var/named/named.host /var/named/named.rev For DNS client /etc/resolve.conf Demons: in.named named.conf

Re: How to check boot prompt version from command prompt

uname -a

how to search hide files

ls -la

how to hide file

create the file with . (dot) symbol. ls -a,this is the command for seeing all hidden files

Re: how to change boot disk

Ok > prtenv boot-device ok> setenv boot-device <new boot disk address> ok> boot

How to set ip address for a solaris machine

ifconfig <interfacename> plumb 200.200.0.1 up

How to set the hostname or username at command prompt? where to set password length, max and min?
Set password length edit /etc/default/password file and modify max length and min length. #hostname kiran #hostname kiran to update it permanently update file /etc/hosts /etc/inet/ipnodes /etc/nodename /etc/hosts.nic

How can you create mount points in solaris?

step 1 : newfs /dev/rdsk/cxtxdxsx to make the file system step:2 mount /dev/dsk/cxtxdxsx /mount point to make this mount point permanent add entry in

the /etc/vfstab

How to check the sleeping process in Solaris.

ps -ef|grep sleep

Re: How to stop the process in Solaris?

pstop pname or proc_id

Re: How to find out MAC address as well as IP address of the host?
ifconfig -a

How to review all zones in solaris10?

zoneadm list -cv when we use -list will disply usage for command zoneadm.

How to find out the how many disks attached in the server?
format

How many clients have in our server? How we find that?

bpclclients|grep

Re: how many run level in solaris?

Totally init -0 init -s init -S init -1 init -2 init -3 init -4 init -5 init -6 there are 9 run levels. prom stage ok single user mode without network single user mode with network single user mode with non-system disk multi user mode without nfs multi user mode with nfs currently not in use halt the system reboot the system

By default sys is booting upto runlevel 3 In reverse way (3,2,1,S,s,0) it is shutting down

How to recover root password?

Login as single user mode then type Passwd enter new passwd for root now the password has been changed. Note: Password will not be asked in single user mode.

OR 1-Boot the server with the help of solaris os cd ok>boot cdrom -s 2-Mount the root file #mount /dev/dsk/<Physical name e.g. c0t0d0s0> /a 3-Go inside in this directory #cd a 4-Edit the shadow file #vi /etc/shadow ......loginID: passwd remove the passwd field which is the second field in this file. 5-remount the file system #cd / #umount a #reboot
Remove the os cd and boot the machine normally. Login with root account and press enter this time it will not ask any password.

If you have forgotten the root password for a server, how do you get back in?
boot cdrom -s

mount /dev/dsk/cotdos0 /a cd /a/etc TERM=vt100 export TERM vi shadow //remove passwd field after save the file cd / umount /a init 6

You can receive e-mail, but when u try to send e-mail.. u can't send any. What is wrong?
problem may be in RELAY / DNS lookup

Re: how to create 100 users at a time in solaris?

We need to write scripting for that. Write a scripting program to add 100 users at a time.

Re: how to create passwords in nis?

first you create user from useradd cmd then create passwd for user. finally update /etc/passwd to /var/up/domain/passwd Another method create user in NIS... USER TO LOGIN IT.THEN CREATE passwd using: yppasswd set passwd

Re: difference between ps -ef and prstat

ps -ef gives a snapshot of process status but prstat gives current running process updates..

How to update patch in production server where solaris is running?

Step 1: First take the backup of all the mail configuration files like /etc/system, /etc/vfstab, /etc/mnttab, df -h, format. Step 2: Download the patch from www.sun.sunslove.com or from the CJS server. Step 3: Raise a ticket to the concern teams for the downtime to install the patch. Step 4: Get the approvals from the client about the change management for installing the patch. Step 5: We have to study the README.txt file to follow the procedure for installing the patch. step 6: Check the previously installed patch using showrev -p or patchadd -p Step 7: If the disk is in root mirroring, we have to detach the root mirror and restart the server. step 8: We need to check by the disks are working fine or not by logging into single user mode. step 9: We need to confirm from the sun people whether the patch is suitable on the server on which we are going to install whether it supports or not. Step 10: If all the approvals and the patch is ready install the patch using the command patchadd patch name. Step 11: restart the server to check the cpu utilization after the installation of the patch. step 12: we need to keep in observation for 3 to 4 days. step 13: If the utilization is great than 60% we have the patch is not supported so we have to install the previous patch using the command patchadd -d step 14: If everything is fine the patch is installed and we may use the server.

After adding LUNs disk is not showing in the format command. How to resolve that?
just run devfsadm command OR Add the lun entry in /kernel/drv/sd.conf Run the devfsadm command If still didn't show the disks, reboot the server #reboot -- -r

Re: how can we know the time of creation of zone in solaris?

Just check in the /etc/zone directory this will contain the required information

Re: Different between swap -l & swap s

To list a summary of the systems virtual swap space: # swap -s To list the details of the systems physical swap areas: # swap -l

Re: What is VTS?

VTS stands for Validation and Test Suite which is used to run tests on any Sun Supported hardware and hardware components and report the health status from which the faulty devices can be identified. In order to do this the VTS package needs to be installed.

Re: what are the run levels that are used in solaris10?
init init init init init init init init 0:ok prompt mode 1: single user mode with the existing files s/init S:single user mode without the existing files 2:multiuser mode without supporting NFS file system 3:multiuser mode with NFS file system support 4:allocated for feature reference 5:Shoutdown 6:Reboot

Re: How many types of file system?

There are 3 types of file system A] Disk based file system (pcfs, ufs, udfs, hsfc) B] Distributed file system (nfs, autofs, cachefs)

C] Pseudo files system (virtual file system, memory based file system, swapfs, procfs, mntfs, dev, & tmpfs)

Re: what is the difference between svm and vxvm

Svm: 1. SVM is platform dependent 2. Re-Sizing is not possible in SVM. 3. File system backup is not possible without unmount. 4. Max of 8192 volumes 5. Online relay out is not possible. vvm: Re-Sizing is possible in VXVM VXVM is platform independent on line backup is available without unmount max of 8192 volumes per volume group online relay out is possible

Re: Explain the more details of vmstat output?

vmstat is tool used to check current memory utilisation status.it reports memory statistics of process,virtual memory,disk,trap,and CPU activity. Basic synctax is vmstat <options> interval count option include paging -p , cache -c ,.interrupt -i if no option specified then it will show info. about process , memory , paging , disk ,interrupts & cpu interval- is time between 2 successive output. it will show / produce next ouput after specified time. count- indicate how much ouput you want to see.

Re: what are boot loaders in solaris booting? bootblk, ufsboot

GRUB boot loader is loader is for spark in booting process, the primary program for Intel platform and UFS boot system. at POST phase, the system will load called BootBlk

Major differences b/w solars 9 & 10?

Solaris 10 has introduced new features such as 1) Zones 2) Dtrace 3) ZFS 4) RBAC 5) IPfilter 6) Service Management Facility (SMF) This given features is not available in solaris 9.

How to configure remote console login for a server sunfirev440 or v490?

You can configure it through the SC or from the command line. OK prompt ------------1.ok> #. 2.SC> scsetup Answer to all the questions here. Command line ----------------#scadm setnetsc_ipaddr xxxxx #scadm setnetsc_ipnetmask xxxx #scadm setnetsc_ipgateway xxxx #scadm show | grep netsc

how to check network card speed ? set it mode(half/full duplex)? ndd -get /dev/hme0 link-speed ndd get /dev/hme0 link-mode

dladm show-dev

Re: What type of job tickets do u handle? Remedy

Remedy is one of the tool that generates Tickets...its not with regard to type of ticket..... Remedy, peregrine, BigBrother

Re: What is top cmd?

A): Top command is a system administrative tool to get the process information.In Solaris 10 OS, TOP does not work. Replaced by 'prstat' command. Additional to the Process table Information, top/prstat command display the following: 1. Uptime

Re: What is the importance of shadow file?

It has encripted passwd Once we add the user /etc/shadow file is updated automatically. It has the information about user, user password information like lock/unlock.

Re: What are the monitoring tools do use?

We can use many monitoring tools easily available as open source, the one which I use is Big brother(Paid),zenoss monitoring software is also used and is an open sourece monitoring tool. We use eG, Bigbrother, Compuware , IPSENTRY for monitoring Remedy, GWI for Ticketing BMC Patrol

Re: What does ssh?

SSH is nothing but Secure Shell..!! Which help us to login to the remote system without any interruption or hacking. Most of the Environments using this SSH to login to the remote servers. User is not able to perform cron jobs. How do u troubleshoot? By default root user have permission to run crontab, check wheter /etc/cron.d/cron.allow file is present , if it then check entry for the user who performing the cron jobs then set the #EDITOR=vi; , # export EDITOR & run crontab -e command,

Troubleshooting SMF? step1: remove the error.The error will show when ur system rebooted then follow the steps #svcs -x #svcs clear filesystem/local #svcs enable filesystem/local Re: Root mirroring in veritas?
#vxencap -c -g rootdg -s 1024 -f sliced rootdisk=c0t0d0s0 Reboot the system after encap to effect the changes and modify the vfstab file #vxdisksetup -i c0t1d0s0 #vxdg -g rootdg adddisk rootmirror=c0t1d0s0 #vxmirror -g rootdg rootdisk rootmirror

OR vxdisksetup -i rootmirror=c1t0d0
vxdg -g rootdg -k adddisk rootmirror=c1t0d0 vxrootmiror rotdisk rootmirror or vxdiskadm option mirroring

Root mirroring in SVM, in Veritas?

In SVM, get new disk and partion the new disk same as boot disk # prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/<> |fmthard -s - <new_disk> # create meta with metainit command and do metattach with all volumes # On root partion, run metaroot command to convert it under meta. Also need to edit /etc/system with set md:mirrored_root_flag=1 with veritas root mirroring. 1. Initialize the both disk under veritas and add into root disk group 2. once initialize, encapsulate the disk so that no data to be lost. 3. use vxrootmir command or vxdiskadm and option 6.

OR
SVM first we take backup /etc/system and /etc/vfstab file copy some size of two hard disk using prtvtoc cmd with fmthard -s then create 3 replica using metadb -a -f -c c#t0d#s# C#t1d#s# c#t2d#s# create primary submirror metainit d21 1 1 c#t#d3s# create 2nd submir metainit d22 1 1 c#t#d#s# mapping primary mir metainit d20 -m d21 metaroot d20 ( update /etc/system to /etc/vfstab)

metattach d20 d22

Re: Jumpstart?
The custom JumpStart installation method is a command line interface that enables you to automatically install or upgrade several systems, based on profiles that you create. The profiles define specific software installation requirements. You can also incorporate shell scripts to include preinstallation and postinstallation tasks. Youchoose which profile and scripts to use for installation or upgrade. Also, you can use a sysidcfg file to specify configuration information so that the custom JumpStart installation is completely hands-off.

If system got crashed. How do u troubleshoot? What are starting steps?

1. Check dmesg whether any crash dump created. 2. Check console logs 3. Check /var/adm/messages or any hardware or software error. 4. Check the crash dump file and dignose with mdb 5. Send the crash file to Sun support for further analysis. 6. Send explorer to sun support for analysis if no information found.

Re: How to see veritas licenses?

vxlicrep

Re: How to create null files in solaris?

To make a null file use touch command eg. $ touch file_name use the following to make an existing file empty.

$ :> file_name

How to check version of NFS? nfsstat -m nfsstat -s How do you connect to remote machines? I said using secure crt using ssh.
you can use ssh if sshd dameon running on server. Else telent,rlogin are couple of solutions.

Re: How to bring New LUN under veritas, create f/s on it?
# devfsadm # label the disk with format command # vxdctl enable # initilize and add the disk in diskgroup either vxdiskadm or vxdisksetup -i and vxdiskadd command # create volume with vxassist command # create file system with mkfs or newfs command.

Solaris server is slow, what action you will take Hi,

1. First u check CPU, MEMORY, DISK, and NIC card A)#prstat (any unwanted process running kill that one. B)#swap -l (check the swap space) C)#iostat (check HDD space&HDD error) D)#netstat (n/w speed) fine u got solution Where the problem

Re: How to check NIS Users in a singal command?

nisusers

Solaris Server is not running in multi-level? Continously restarting after installing the package?
Go the single user mode and remove the package and reboot

When iam loging in to my system as through the telnet iam not able to appears on the screen is unable to host:the connection is refused.pls as soon as possible.
For solaris 10

a normal user login,the message conncect the tell me the answers

#svcadm enable telnet/ssh #vi /etc/default/login (through console) #console=/dev/console (comment the line) press ESC : wq return

Re: How to create a gateway?

** Eg. Gateway = 192.168.0.2 Step 1: #route add default 192.168.0.2 Step 2: To make this permanent #touch /etc/defaultrouter Step 3: Add entry into /etc/defaultrouter #vi /etc/defaultrouter 192.168.0.2 :w! Step 4: #touch /reconfigure Step 5: #init 6

I am not login to server with telnet and ssh then what to do?

1. Try to first ping the server, if not pingable check network configurations. 2. Make sure the server is in run level 3. 3. Check both services telnet, ssh svcs telnet svcs ssh 4. Enable them if they are disabled, svcadm enable telnet svcadm enable ssh

Re: how many layouts we have in veritas volume manager and what is the task of those layouts?
If the question is related to disk-layouts there are 3+1. 1.Simple 2.Sliced 3.CDS +4.NONE (We can initialize a disk without above three when we have a special purpose. If the question is related to volume-layouts there are 1.concat-mirror 2.mirror-stripe 3.raid5 4.mirror 5.concat 6.stripe

Custom jumpstart works on which protocol? or What basis custom jumpstart works on?
Reverse address resolution protocol (RARP) and Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)

Re: How to add a patch on multiple servers(400) at a time.

By default, when you download and apply patches, those patches are in effect for the entire target installation. Every domain and server that is configured to run from such an installation runs against the patches applied to it.Some times, however, individual servers or domains within a production environment need to run at different patch levels. To accommodate this need, Smart Update enables you to point individual domains, servers, or clusters at specific patches that are not necessarily in effect installation-wide.

if storage contain 500 disks in this one disk is failed, we placed new disk in failed disk place, how can we find out exact path of the newly installed disk when we execute format command?
iostat -En for solaris it will show all disk include failed disk... after find out failed disk.. this is SVM (1) metadb -i all disk ... after findout failed disk.. (2) metadb -d remove disk (3) metadb -i verify the disk whether disk removed.. (4) phycsically insert new disk (5) devfsadm to run... it will bring disk into OS level after (6) cfgadm to run it will bring disk under SVM (7) metadb -a -c ctds create state data base (8) metadb -e <olddiskname> <newdisklname>

Re: how to uninstall bundle of patches?

patchrm [-f] [-G] [-B backout_dir] [-C net_install_image | -R client_root_path | -S service] [-t] patch_id

Re: If root file system 100% full what you have to do?

If system is running, affirmative action is that mv all log files to some other file system then find out which file/files have been created recently other than logs and then first stop the process which is creating and then mv or delete that files.

Re: what are soft links and hard links, and differentiate them. soft link : we can create soft link by using #ln -s command we can create soft link,if the source file doesnt exist. If the source file delete,we cannot access the content.But the link exist.we can create a link file which is belong to another file system,another directory. Soft link doesnt share the inode number.if u issue ls -l command l in the first column display the file is a soft link. Hard link: #ln <source file> <link> we cannot link the file,if the file doesnt exist. we can link the file with in a directory. if the source file delete,we can view the content of the link file.. Hd share the inode number. Re: How can i stop the telnet service in solaris 8 and 9?
#/etc/init.d/telnetd start #/etc/init.d/telnetd stop

I want to Know how many LUNs are in my Solaris10 server as well as NIC cards?
#fcinfo hba-port #dladm show-dev

Re: how to freeze nodes in vcs? tell me step by step?

when u freeze a service group, VCS continuus to monitor the resources but it does not allow the service group to

take offline or brought online and failover is also disabled. To freeze and unfreeze a service group hagrp -freeze service_group hagrp -unfreeze service_group Re: purpose of lost+found..? while the system boots it runs fsck on each file system, and if any inconsistency is found then it tryes to correct it. but if it is not able then then it it creates a Lost+Found directory and writes thes files into it ex: inode incosidtant files unreferenced files etc.

If /etc/system file is deleted wht wil u do ..?if no backup is avalible..

if the /etc/system file is deleted we cant boot the system coz while booting (during kernel initialization phase)it reads /etc/system file (which contains all commented lines i.e its an empty file)so we need to boot interactively from the cdrom as follows 1 insert the cdrom 2 Stop-A 3 ok>boot -a now the system asks for all the file needed to boot type y for all the files so that the default file is selected but when it asks for the /etc/system file the type /dev/null 4 /etc/system :y] = /dev/null and carry on the same way by giving teh default files

After the system is booted successes fully creat a file /etc/system file using touch command

how many zones can we create?

In solaris we can create 8192 zones, But it is depends upon your server hardware configaration. Re: After creating user account successfully it shows 64 blocks.what for these 64 blocks are used and what information is stored in this blocks? those 64 blocks size are for " local.cshrc,local.login.local.profile" files When we add a new user by default this files are created in users home directory, whose capacity is 64bytes...

How to add swap space in Sun Server?

make a slice (using format utility),or make a file on existing file system (using mkfile command) of required size. then add this to swap using swap -a /dev/dsk/c#t#d#s# or file path also make entry in /etc/vfstab to add it permanent verify it by using swap -l swap -s

what is major number and what is minor number..?

major number maps to the device drivers(ex: printer , cd rom,screen) minor number maps to the specific device

Re: wht is the difference between mkfs & newfs.... is there any difference b/w both of them.?
mkfs creates file systems depends upon the option witch we have given. for example : mkfs -o vxfs /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s7

mkfs -o ufs /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s6 but whith the help of #newfs we can creates only UFS,this command is only for unix file system

Re: How to use disk quotas in solaris (command mode) ? what is the procedure for checking disk space of the particular user in command mode? for checking the disk quotas for all the file systems in a disk. #repquota -av
for a perticular user quota #quota -v /home/username

what r the daily responsibilities of u as a system administrator

user administration security administration log administration patch administration apart from this other regular tasks like monitoring system activity, utilization, capacity planning, working on new implementation, backup, disaster recovery planning/validation once in a while and other independent/diligent work activity based on requirement.

u have 10 solaris boxes and u have given to add 200 users? At fast how can u add the 200 users?
By using Shell Scripting..... OR Create a model template and use that template to add all other users.

Re: what is the disadvantage of 'tar' command?

1) tar cannot be used to take the back up of file which is having more than 2 gb space.

2) tar can't skip the bad blocks. 3) tar can't to take the multi volume backups. 4)it is used only for normal files (or) directories not for file systems.

Re: what r the configuration files for rlogin and ssh

for ssh the configuration file is /etc/ssh/sshd_config For rlogin the file is /.rhosts. Edit the /.rhosts file enter hostname, user name and wq!.

how to take backup and restore with Ufsdump and Ufsrestore and full backup
for taking back up you can use by, #ufsdump 0uf /dev/rmt/0 / for restoring the root backup you can use by, #ufsrestore -ivf ufsrestore>ls --->it will shows all contens

(OR) We can use backup stages from 0-9 0 is used for taking full backup,1 to 9 is used for Incremental backup.
#ufsdump 0uf /dev/rmt/0(destination)/xxx(source) Remember: it is recommended while taking backup,please unmount the file system or do it in single user mode. to restore Go to the location where you want to save the data. #ufsrestore xvf /dev/rmt/0

Re: what is the use of TCP wrappers

By using this we can restrict/deny access to the particular users ...... syntax ------#inetadm -p it will display the status of tcpwrappers By default tcp_wrappers=false then we have to modify into true by typing #inetadm -M tcp_wrappers=TRUE to enable the service.

Re: how will u create user without asking a password?

root@guestws # useradd -c "test user" -d /export/home/test123 -m -s /bin/ksh test123 64 blocks This is the entry from /etc/passwd file test123:x:14006:1:test user:/export/home/test123:/bin/ksh root@guestws # tail /etc/shadow test123:*LK*::::::: root@guestws # passwd -u test123 passwd: password information changed for test123 root@guestws # tail /etc/shadow test123::14642:::::: Here you can login to "test123", but it won't ask you any password. root@guestws # su - test123 Sun Microsystems Inc. SunOS 5.10 2005 $ pwd /export/home/test123 Generic January

$ id -a uid=14006(test123) gid=1(other) groups=1(other)

Re: what is milestone and what is use of it in Solaris

it is special type of smf service.it is used for system maintenances

What is the major problem u faced in u r carrier or in u r present company

good environment over there in my compony.i have faced on raid.

Re: what is SMF service? And what it does in Solaris 10

The Service Management Facility has improved several aspects of the Solaris administrative model. Some of the most notable updates are: Services are represented as first-class objects that can be viewed (using the new svcs(1) command) and managed (using svcadm(1M) and svccfg(1M)). Failed services are automatically restarted in dependency order, whether they failed as the result of administrator error, software bug, or were affected by an uncorrectable hardware error. More information is available about misconfigured or misbehaving services, including an explanation of why a service isn't running (using "svcs -x"), as well as individual, persistent log files for each service. Problems during the boot process are easier to debug, as boot verbosity can be controlled, service startup messages are logged, and console access is provided more reliably during startup failures. Snapshots of service configurations are taken automatically, making it easier to backup, restore, and undo changes to services. Services can be enabled and disabled using a supported tool (svcadm(1M)), allowing the changes to persist across upgrades and patches.

Administrators can securely delegate tasks to non-root users more easily, including the ability to configure, start, stop, or restart services (as described in the smf_security(5) man page). Large systems boot faster by starting services in parallel according to their dependencies. Despite these changes, compatibility with existing administrative practices has been preserved wherever Possible. For example, most site-local and ISVsupplied "rc" scripts will still work as usual.

Re: which is best os in UNIX flavors Solaris or HP-UX or IBM AIX or Linux
All Might be best,but on which platform we have worked or Presently working, that is obviously best.Becoz u r familiar with that.

Re: where the NIS will be actually used (Situation)

in an organization, every user must have to be logged in to the servers from diff systems, in this case the NIS is used,the centralized information of users will be maintained in the NIS server, which facilitates the users to be logged from any where within the network.

In RAID 5 and RAID 0+1 which u will prefer(Veritas)

For veritas i would preffer RAID 0+1 bcoz in veritas we deal or handle huge data so we requir large number of disks but in RAID 5 if we increase the number of disks then, while reading the data from the RAID 5 disk becomes very slow which reduces the performance. so i think its better to use RAID 0+1

In RAID 0+1 and !+0 which u will preffer(Veritas)0+1

Mirroring is performed at the columns of subdisk level(RAID 1+0).Disk losses are less likely to affect the

complete volumes,improved redundancy & Faster recovery times

Re: why u can't go for windows& why u chosen UNIX

to work with high end servers in large organization environment we choose unix Unix is multitask OS. we can accessing by multiple sessions. Compare with windows,it can handle maximum CPU load.

Re: what is the use RAID and which is the best(Solaris)

Redundant array of independent disk (raid) is use to improve the disk performance to increase the disk storage and faultolerance. Raid5 is the best in Solaris. In raid 5 read/write performance is good. Faultolarance is available. And 75% we can utilize the disk.

If a user is logged in to your system, and now you want to restrict that user what will you do? 1) who -a |grep username
2) get the process id 3)kill -9 pid 4)passwd -l username 5)passwd username --change the user password

What is critical file system in Solaris?

There are four critical file systems in Solaris. They are Root or / Files and directories of the OS. Swap Virtual memory space /opt Application software added to a system. /usr OS commands by users.

Re: How to merge solaris partition

To merge the partitions is easy if they are next to each other on the disk: just make the first one big enough to cover both and set the second one to all zeros. If they aren't contiguous you could achieve the same by SVM (make a concat volume from both slices). I suspect that what you may mean is to merge two file systems though. This is harder: you can grow one of them to cover both slices (after growing the slice) with growfs, but you need to back up and restore the second on

Re: How to check number of disks added to system

format command

Re: who to change the nis users passwd

ypasswd username or passwd -r nis username

Re: If you can ping a server, but can't telnet or ssh to it, what could be the problem?
That means the server is Single user mod in. Single user mod we can ping the server but we cant telnet,ssh

How to set a password without expiration?

passwd -x -1 username

If a user logs in to UNIX, it displays the desktop and then immediately logs you back out, what could be wrong?

probably a login shell is not defined for the user. We can check the /etc/passwd and see whether he has a nologin shelldefined or not. If yes change it to /bin/bash or whatever shell you want

Re: how to know OS release?

uname -a

Re: what file shows all available ports?

/etc/services

Re: How to add a user without command?

1) edit the /etc/passwd file add the user details. 2) run the pwconv command 3) passwd username set the password for the user.

Re: what is port no for telnet?

Port No for telnet is 23.

How to know current run level?

who -r

Re: what r d crontab fields?

Totally 6 fields including command. 1. Minutes 2. hours 3. Day of month 4. Month of year 5. Day of week 6. Command

Re: what r diff types of backups?

1. Full backup: complete backup of the entire system

2. Incremental backup: it includes all files that we are changed into last backup 3. Differencial backup: it includes all file, that we are changed into last full backup

Re: how to delete a zone?

first halt the running zone & uninstall it. After that give #zonecfg -z <zonename> delete. OR zoneadm -z zonename halt zoneadm -z zonename uninstall zoneadm -z zonename delete zoneadm list -vc

Re: what r d boot options?

boot -s,-m -a ,-r, -i

Re: difference between terminal & console?

Console is a hardware which is connected to the server console port and Terminal is a Software simulator. Error messages can be configured through console where as normal entry can be done through Terminal.

Re: how to see open ports?

netstat -an

Re: what r the phases in fsck? there r 5 phases. 1. checks blocks & sizes 2. checks path path name. 3. check connectivity. 4. Check reference counts. 5. Checks cylinder groups. Re: what is zone configuration file?

/etc/zones/zonename.xml

Re: How to replace a failed disk?

1) echo |format Check the all disks and find out the failed disk 2) Check the dick is configured in veritas or meta 3) remove the disk from veritas or meta controller 4) Insert a new disk 5) run devfsadm -c disk format c0t0dx 6) Configure the disk or devfsadm

Re: 1.how to see global zone name residing in non-global zone?

#zoneadm -z nonglobalzonename list

Re: how to u see when the server was rebooted

Give the following command last reboot

Re: what is the difference between ssh & telnet

SSH is secure shell where you can generate SSL and make trusted relationship. Basically it is secured. Telnet is normal way u can connect to the server and work. Normally as per Network Security Policies, it is advised not to use telnet and ftp. Just because hackers will use most probably these two protocols for hacking the server. In ssh data will be transfer between the systems in

encrypted from.So that it is difficult for hackers to understand what is going on network. In telnet& ftp data will be transfer in alphabhital, so hackers easily hack u r server For this very reason login to other systems using ssh would be recommended.

Re: software distribution in solaris

Entire distribution with OEM Entire distribution Developer support End user support Reduced networking Core support

Re: types of installations in solaris

There are 7 types of installation in solaris-10. Types are as follows: 1. Solaris Installation Program 2. Solaris Installation Program over the network 3. Custom Jumpstart 4. Solaris Flash archives 5. WAN boot 6. Solaris Live Upgrade 7. Solaris Zones

OR Interactive custom jump start Command mode Graphical mode Single user mode Re: how to repair /etc/system file without using jump start and without using os software cd?
If the /etc/system file is totally corrupted and irreparable. Then do the following procedure.

Rename the /etc/system file and go to OK prompt and issue the following command boot /dev/null it will create new /etc/system file

What are raids 0, 1, 5?

RAID 0 - Striping: It is the Stripped Disk Array with no fault tolerance and it requires at least 2 drives to be implemented. Due to no redundancy feature, RAID 0 is considered to be the lowest ranked RAID level. Striped data mapping technique is implemented for high performance at low cost. The I/O performance is also improved as it is loaded across many channels. Regeneration, Rebuilding and functional redundancy are some salient features of RAID 0. RAID 1 - Mirroring: It is the Mirroring (Shadowing) Array meant to provide high performance. RAID 1 controller is able to perform 2 separate parallel reads or writes per mirrored pair. It also requires at least 2 drives to implement a nonredundant disk array. High level of availability, access and reliability can be achieved by entry-level RAID 1 array. With full redundancy feature available, need of readability is almost negligible. Controller configurations and storage subsystem design is the easiest and simplest amongst all RAID levels. RAID 5: RAIDS 5 is Independent Distributed parity block of data disks with a minimum requirement of at least 3 drives to be implemented and N-1 array capacity. It helps in reducing the write inherence found in RAID 4. RAID 5 array offers highest data transaction Read rate, medium data transaction Write rate and good cumulative transfer rate.

Re: how to see the kernel information or how many bit operating system you have #isainfo -b this is correct answer Re: what are the daemon for nfs server? Mountd,Nfsd,Lockd,Statd,Nfslogd Re: how to make processor online and offline
psradm -a <processor number> online psradm -f <processor number> offline

Re: How do you boot from CD-ROM? command boot cdrom -s we can use this command Re: What is the difference between NFS version 2 and NFS version 3? nfs 2 default 8kb transfer rate, it did not check the Authentication at the time connection. Client wants to access unauthorized file it shows error messages like "write error","read error" nfs 3 32kb transfer rate. It check at the time connection.ACL Support Re: What does init 0 do? init 0 is ok boot prom level Re: What is meant by jumpstart? -> Mechanism for "one button-installs" from central Server. ->Simultaneously support multiple system configurations & OS version ->Extensible to Allow automatic local customizations Re: How can you set EEPROM settings from Solaris? using eeprom command OR # eeprom output-device=/dev/term/a Re: If you try to send an e-mail to someone and the following message appear "Message Undeliverable", what could be wrong?

1) ps -ef |grep sendmail 2) Check the network connectivity between server and Mail-relay server. 3) Find the mail relay server name in sendmail.cfg file 4) restart the send mail service 5) check the status of send mail service port netstat -rna |grep 25

Re: If you mistype a password, how do you clear it out to retype the password again?
If you are in the middle of typing a Solaris Unix password and you fat finger it, <Ctrl- can immediately retype the entry while at the same prompt.

Re: If you can ping a server, but can't telnet or ssh to it, whats wrong?
Ping mean its check system is on network and telnet check access of application. If you can Ping but can't telnet it means a specific port which that application use to communicate is blocked. Check your firewall rule to fix it.

Re: what is incident management and change management and prob management in ticketing tool, can u explain briefly?
Incident Management is a process for managing incidents that can interrupt the functioning of IT services. These incidents can include events such as error in printing, hard disk failure and network server failure. Change Management is a process that helps introduce changes in the IT services provided by a company, such as changes in business needs and introduction of new technologies.

Problem Management is a process of resolving problems that can occur in IT services due to the incidents, which are not resolved by Incident Management. Problem Management is of two types, reactive and proactive. The reactive Problem management helps resolve the problems that have occurred in an IT service. The proactive Problem Management identifies problems that are likely to occur. Re: when iam loging in to my system as a normal user through the telnet iam not able to login, the message appears on the screen is unable to connect the host: the connection is refused.pls tell me the answers as soon as possible. Hash out the console entry in /etc/default file

If user is not loging in to server what is the problem?

Login incorrect: The most common cause of An incorrect login message is a mistyped password. Make sure that correct password is being used, and then attempt to enter it again. Remember that passwords are case-sensitive, so you cannot interchange uppercase letters and lowercase letters Permission denied: This message occurs when there are login, password, or NIS+ security problems. Most often, an administrator has locked the users password or the users account has been terminated Password will not work at lock screen: A common error is to have the Caps Lock key on,which causes all letters to be uppercase. This does not work if the password contains lowercase letters Noshell: the users shell does not exist, is typed incorrectly, or is wrong in the /etc/passwd file and many more....

Re: How can you check the disk status in, is it locally connected or remotely connected?
#cfgadm -al If you want know specifically fc or scsi devices #cfgadm -la -o show_FCP_dev #cfgadm -la -o show_SCSI_dev

Re: I have a "telnet" error then what you will do?

1. Check /etc/default/login file 2. Check telnet service status Use "svcadm enable telnet" command to enable it.

Re: What is VTS?

VTS stands for Validation and Test Suite which is used to run tests on any Sun Supported hardware and hardware components and report the health status from which the faulty devices can be identified. In order to do this the VTS package needs to be installed.

Re: Explain the more details of vmstat output?

Vmstat is tool used to check current memory utilization Status.it reports memory statistics of process, virtual memory, disk,trap,and CPU activity. Basic syntax is vmstat <options> interval count option include paging -p , cache -c ,.interrupt -i if no option specified then it will show info. about process, memory , paging , disk ,interrupts & cpu interval- is time between 2 successive outputs. it will show / produce next output after specified time. count- indicate how much output you want to see.

Re: How do you connect to remote machines? I said using secure crt using ssh
You can use ssh if sshd dameon running on server. Else telent, rlogin are couple of solutions.

Re: What is a heart-beat?

It is a script that checks the communication between nodes. Heart-beat is a communication which can be set at the time of creating a system in a cluster, which can send and receive signal through that designed port.to check the heartbeat use the command gabconfig -a

Re: What are performance tool used?

iostat,vmstat,prstat,sar,netstat, top

Re: how to view how many samba users in Solaris

Even if u answers this question correctly u will be not able to get the job with the company....answer doesnt work here......influence works........ sorry bit rude......

What is port no for LDAP?

389

LDAP, Lightweight Directory Access Protocol, is an Internet protocol that email and other programs use to look up information from a server.
Every email program has a personal address book, but how do you look up an address for someone who's never sent you email? How can an organization keep one centralized up-to-date phone book that everybody has access to?

That question led software companies such as Microsoft, IBM, Lotus, and Netscape to support a standard called LDAP. "LDAP-aware" client programs can ask LDAP servers to look up entries in a wide variety of ways. LDAP servers index all the data in their entries, and "filters" may be used to select just the person or group you want, and return just the information you want. For example, here's an LDAP search translated into plain English: "Search for all people located in Chicago whose name contains "Fred" that have an email address. Please return their full name, email, title, and description. Tell me Solaris Admin Real Time Issues ________________________________________ 1) Check the status of all the servers (Health Check) (We are using nagios tool to monitor CPU Memory Processes Services Disk Space) and fix the warning alerts raised on the previous day. There will be a 24x7 monitoring team will be monitoring the servers and alert us if any critical issue happens (after the Office hours) we will fix the issue and we will be fixing the warning alerts on the following business day. 2) Check the Backup Report (scheduled by crontab and ctrl-m) in my company - Veritas Netbacku 6.5 is using for backup (Backup types will be BCV / Snap / Tape /D2D) If any client backup fails I have to re-run if it is hot backup otherwise inform the application or database owner regarding the re-run of the failed backup. As backup is the critical (which are used for restoration if required) for any organization so we need to make sure all the backup are successful. 3) Look for any TSR (Technology Service Request) or ARMS (Access Rights Management System) is assigned to unix team (general request Extending the file systems / creating new mount points User Administration). 4) If any incident happens (Server rebooted by itself if any hardware component failed) then raise the IM Ticket (Incident Management) and we are using HP Open view Service Center for IM. 5) Apart from the above BAU (Business As Usual) Operations we need to work on the New Projects (if any) if no new-projects then working on the scripts to automate the jobs and fine tuning the process. Consider the following crontab entry: 59 23 13 * 5 /wipe. Disk What time will this cronjob Consider the following crontab entry: 59 23 13 * 5 /wipe. Disk What time will this cronjob run? 11:59PM

On Solaris 8 where is the log file for a failed patch installation stored?

/tmp/log. Latest Answer : All the patch logs are stored in /var/sadm/patch//log ...

When using the admin tool, the membership list for groups is separated by what?
Commas