ICT for Urban Competitiveness: Perspectives for Joburg

26th July, 2011

ICT Situation in South Africa: Key Parameters

Source: World Economic Forum Global IT Report 2009 - 2010
Average Broadband Speed in South Africa is 515 kbps, Morocco: 1037 kbps
> Overall Network Readiness: Drops 10 spots to # 62 (World Ranking)

China: # 37, India: # 43, Brazil: # 62, Russia: # 80

> Individual ICT Readiness: # 115 (World Ranking)

India: #7, China: #9, Russia: # 60, Brazil: # 99

> Government ICT Readiness: # 78 (World Ranking)

China: #14, India: # 35, Brazil: # 68, Russia: # 99

> ICT Use & Government Efficiency: # 75 (World Ranking)

China: # 27, India: # 38, Brazil: # 47, Russia: # 118

But Strong IP protection (# 24), Remarkable Business Readiness for ICT (# 43), Capacity for Innovation (# 36) , Technology Absorption (# 33) and other Private-Sector indicators offer scope for progress in ICT!

Introduction: ICT for Urban Competitiveness

High-Speed networks and associated technologies/applications have become crucial for cities to attract and retain citizens & businesses, improve services delivery, spur economic growth, foster social inclusion
Eg: E-Governance, Education, Mobile apps, SME Registration, GIS, etc.

ICTServices

Urban Competitiveness
Eg: IT Parks, Callcenters, etc. Eg: Broadband, WiMAX, GPS, etc.

ICTEnabled

ICTFacilitated

Seamless integration of the above three ICT dimensions leads to the 3 rendering of Smart City concept

Broadband as a Catalyst for Competitiveness

Every 10% increase in BB penetration increases employment by 2 to 3 percentage points Internet Speed Stages of E-Government Service Delivery Modes Examples of Services Required

48 Kbps -

----Basic Information Available Online

- Information access and Delivery - Simple website for information dissemination, providing contact information of Municipal/ government officials. -Allow access to government documents -Downloadable forms -Convey concerns via E-Mail

One-Way Communication

- Communication with officials - Document access and download - Online forms -Online mapping - Multimedia-streaming & playback - Online databases

2 Mbps -

-----

Two-Way Communication

-Google Maps -Multimedia presentations - Document Management - E-commerce transactions such as the purchase and renewal of permits/licenses, E-Registration, purchase of government data or documents - Digital public libraries - Citizen Participation via blogging, online chat with officials

Broadband Zone

Streamlined Municipal Services

- Integrated Government services - Secure Web Environment - E-Commerce applications - Interactive discussions

Urban Management & Smart Cities

- GIS - Telemetry/SCADA - Mobile Applications - SmartGrid Systems

- 3D modeling of Proposed Projects - Wireless applications - Efficient Energy, Water, Drainage management in Real-Time - Effective Disaster Response Mechanisms

Broadband quality, availability in Joburg is below the threshold for todays applications Source: Oxford/Oviedo Broadband Quality Score Study, 2009.

Examples of Broadband Usage towards Enhancing Competitiveness

Broadband-based services can help Joburg city officials tackle Law & Order situation, improve quality, reliability of services delivery, improve traffic situation
Country System of BB-enabled Technology Purpose Example of Technology Utilization
Using an Online Report Center (The Seoul Environment Pollution Information Center), citizens can report and file cases of environmental pollution including water pipeline leakage, sanitation/sewage problems and water pollution along with corresponding location. To manage water supply facilities, a GIS system monitors these reports on a real-time basis and plots problem areas on relevant maps. Corrective response is immediate and accurate.

Seoul, Korea

GIS

Urban Management

Caracas, Venezuela

Real-time GIS

Law Enforcement

A new mobile application in Caracas, Venezuela allows people to report crimes to the police through SMS text messages. The messages go to a central server, which plots them on a map in real-time, allowing police officials to effectively devise strategies and tactics to investigate, solve crime in their assigned area.

USA

Mobile App

Urban Governance/ Public safety

The iPhone application SafetyNet Mobile Insight gives public-safety personnel powerful information wherever they are, exactly when they need it. It puts powerful Touch and See technologies immediately at the fingertips of every public-safety officer. This allows officers to simply point the iPhones camera to a location and see its details and history overlaid on top of the image on the iPhones screen. Wherever the cameras viewfinder is pointed, the screen will be overlaid with icons indicating premises history, hazards, and other important information derived from the computer aided dispatch (CAD) system in operation at the 9-1-1 communication center. The city of Boulder, CO has installed Broadband powered smart meters which informs consumers about their use of energy and optimizes the demand for and supply of electricity in the grid, as well as optimizes the supply of energy from renewable resources in the grid. Further, Citizens can use the internet to lower their thermostats at home or change furnace temperature.

Boulder, USA

Smart Grid

Sustainable cities

Pssst..City of Tshwane is re-tooling its Broadband Strategy to meet new-era standards

Hurry!!

Township Broadband Access Centers

Raise awareness and familiarity with broadband Increase ICT skills: General e-skills Specific for business Provision of egovernment services On-site training Extend connectivity to surrounding areas via wireless.
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3 4

Center for township innovation

Acts as a node of a national innovation network for township business

Municipal ICT Services for Efficient Delivery of Health & Social Services
BRIS: E-Birth Registration in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh
Part 1: Electronic birth certificate is provided to infants in designated birth registration centers of RCC, located within the citys 30 wards

1: Staff guide parents in registration process. 2: After registration, Birth Certificates are printed and handed over to Parents

3: Date of Birth, Name of Child, Address, etc gets digitally stored in Municipality Database
4: Digital data is automatically uploaded to Citys Health and Education departments
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Similar Municipal ICT Services can help tackle Joburgs HIV/AIDS Epidemic
Part 2: Health Dept processes new entries from RCCs e-Registration (Daily)

1: For each new-born, an immunization schedule is created & printed, then given to parents upon registration (along with Birth certificate) 2: From this immunization schedule, parents can be aware when they need to take their child to the nearest immunization out-reach center. 3: The barcode on the schedule can be read at the centre, and health records for the child updated. 4: A target list of children whose immunization is due or overdue for a particular center is printed. 5: City health workers use the list for house visits, knowing the child, address, vaccination required. 6: The system also supports vaccine usage and supply. 9

E-Governance solutions can streamline Joburgs finance /revenue mechanisms, reducing dependency on provincial, national government
Hyderabad Metro Water Works (India) e-SEVA enables citizens make their Water consumption payments online and view all Billing details

1: For those without internet access or credit cards, payments can be made at any one of 46 e-SEVA centers located throughout the city. 2: A transaction no. and receipt is awarded after each payment. 3: Citizens not charged for using this service. Instead, utility companies charged Rs 5/transaction.
4: 66 municipality services are offered by e-SEVA. 5: Every interaction is made completely transparent.
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The IT industry can provide Joburg viable growth and employment opportunities to compensate decline as Mining & Manufacturing center

Role of ICT as a Sector

- Investments, job creation, and tax revenues following the clustering of IT companies given a positive business environment can support economic growth. - Improved connectivity with global markets and improved efficiency of transportation (using GPS)

- Investments in IT for Banking, Insurance, Medical, etc. primary booster of growth in 39 of 50 cities in developing countries.
- Indian IT industry accounts for 6% GDP ($76 BN), employs 2.5+ Million people in cities such as Bangalore, Pune, Hyderabad, Gurgaon.

Johannesburg has potential to become a prime center of IT clustering, incubation, and innovation: large pool of literate, English-speaking population, private-sector/financial hub, 11 BB availability, presence of high-quality universities & institutes, etc.

ICT Policy in Hong Kong: Ecosystem

Hong Kong today stands as a leader in ICT-driven competitiveness via highspeed networks, services and applications. It has also introduced policy measures to support users.
Ease market entry Support network construction Make spectrum available for wireless broadband

High-Speed Networks

Provide digital literacy education program Distribute low-cost PCs

Users

Services

Promote Competition Ensure city wide service availability

Applications

Introduce e-government solutions Encourage e-commerce Support public e-learning

World Bank maintains Strategic partnership with World E-Government Organizations (WEGO), can connect Joburg with leading cities for peer-peer learning. 12

Roadmap for City of Joburg

Prioritize services: For faster roll-out of ICT, assess which services are used by maximum number of citizens (E.g: Electricity Bills?) Strategic Partnerships: Technology moves fast, the ICT scenario keeps changing everyday Liaise with Institutes of the Future for tomorrows IT parks, IT services, etc. Co-Creation: To foster social inclusion, voice of the citizen/stakeholders must be taken into account via co-creation of ICT applications & services Mobile phones, GIS are viable platforms for citizen engagement. New DoC/ICASA regulations now allow municipalities to provide their own ICT networks via existing telecom infrastructure or by building new infrastructure Affordable BB availability to underserved communities is desirable, but partnerships with private-sector to operate Broadband/WiMAX assets can help maintain competitiveness & quality of services.

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How can the World Bank help?

Objectives: Train/Educate municipalities, Service Providers, Citizens, etc. on harnessing BB ICT Solutions Objectives: Provide competitive financing for bulky infrastructure investments: in-building broadband network, E-Government capability, Township Broadband Access Centers, etc.

Objectives: Encourage local governments in formulating broadband policy, adopting ICT use in urban governance activities through policy formulation

Objectives: Entice interest from world-class tech firms to develop BB infra/network-build, E-Gov solutions, promote knowledge sharing

Objectives: Assist, guide solution providers in devising/conceptualizing/building ICT applications

Objectives: Encourage Stakeholder involvement / citizen participation to create accountability pressure points on service delivery 14

Questions?

Gaurav Relhan ICT Specialist, AFTUW GRelhan@worldbank.org

Laurent Besanon Regional ICT Coordinator LBesancon@worldbank.org

Mark Williams (Joburg) Sr. Economist, ICT Unit MWilliams3@worldbank.org

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Annex

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Framework for thinking about e-Government

Services to Citizens, Businesses, Government

Infrastructure Dev.

Health Services

Tax & Revenue

Land Registry

Technology + Implementation Business Processes

e-Security/e-Identification
Policy and Regulation
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Water & Sanitation

Procurement

Lessons Learnt and Challenges

Technology

Importance of Data Collection, Analysis and Measuring Impact -Dedicated Statistics Department/Office for analysis of data - Importance of cleaning/verifying the data (language issues) -Technology and Limits -Costs and Obstacles to User Participation -Infrastructure (connectivity, competition etc.) -Bandwidth and capacity - e.g. Police.UK - Business Models of applications and open data initiatives -Charging a fee to police department -Selling open data to lobbyists (US) -ICTs can affect social accountability positively or negatively -Crime map website a victim of its own success
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Lessons Learnt and Challenges

Business Processes

-How is the government changing the way it does business? -Business processes, change management (ToRs, JDs) -Concept of shared services -e.g. portals versus one-stop shops -What is being implemented? (FMIS etc. type of software, procurement etc.)

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Lessons Learnt and Challenges

Shared e-Security/e-Identification Services and Business Processes

-FOI Laws and limits on data dissemination

-Electronic id and biometric data

-Platform for effective delivery of all services -Government to Person payments (teacher salaries, pensions) -Conditional cash transfers -Health services, insurance and fees -Education loans and payments -Drivers licenses -Human Rights Issues

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Lessons Learnt and Challenges

Shared e-Security/e-Identification Services and Business Processes Policy and Regulation

-Political and Socio Economic Factors - Literacy and School Curricula -FOI Laws and limits on data dissemination -Regulatory and Legal Framework -e.g. Mobile Banking Licenses -Collaboration

-Strategy

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