Code No: R05322101 Set No.

1
III B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
FLIGHT MECHANICS-II
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) Explain the following terms with examples

i. Stability
ii. Equilibrium.
(b) Comment upon the requirements of stability of a
i. Military fighter aircraft
ii. Commercial passenger airplane. [4+4+4+4]

2. (a) Three dynamic modes describe the lateral motion of an aircraft. What are
they? Explain in detail.
(b) Explain the orientation and position of an airplane in terms of a fixed frame
of reference. Illustrate with sketch. [8+8]

3. (a) The use of stability derivatives is most conveniently demonstrated with missile
or rocket configurations. Why? Give the explanation.
(b) Show that dβ / dt = (Y β / m U) β - r
dr/dt=(Nβ / C) β+ (Nr /C) r [8+8]

4. Explain the following terms

(a) Down wash

(b) Induced angle of attack
(c) Effective angle of attack. [4+6+6]

5. Using proper sketches, explain stick free longitudinal stability of an airplane. [16]

6. (a) Derive an expression for the normal load factor of an airplane in a steady
constant speed, constant angular rate pull - up maneuver in a vertical loop
when the airplane is at a flight path angle γ in the loop.
(b) An airplane of mass 1.5 tonnes, flying at 250 kmph pulls up in a vertical
circular loop of radius 1.2 km. What is the lift required for this maneuver of
the airplane while at a flight path angle γ = 60 degrees to the horizontal?
[8+8]

7. Derive the expression for the pedal force for the rudder of an airplane as a function
of hinge moment coefficients. [16]

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Code No: R05322101 Set No. 1
8. Derive the equations of motion of an airplane constrained to the plane of sym-
metry at constant speed and also derive the characteristic equation of an airplane
dynamics. Discuss the solutions. [16]

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Code No: R05322101 Set No. 2
III B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
FLIGHT MECHANICS-II
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Roll accompanies yaw and yaw accompanies roll - elaborate the statement with
sketches. [16]

2. Consider an object moving through space with no forces of any kind acting on the
body. The body is initially moving relative to an inertial coordinate system with a
velocity of V0 and is rotating about an axis normal to the velocity vector with an
angular velocity of ω0 . Determine the position and orientation of the object as a
function of time? [16]

3. The estimation of a flight vehicle’s stability and control characteristics is commonly

performed via two sets of parameters. What are they? Explain. [16]

4. The location of the wing on the longitudinal axis of the fuselage is of considerable
importance to its destabilizing influence. Multhopp proposed a formula to account
for this phenomenon. What is that formula? Derive it with the support of sketches.
[16]

5. Explain the aerodynamic forces on a stabilator configuration in stick free condition

of an airplane. [16]

6. (a) Derive an expression for the normal load factor of an airplane in a steady
constant speed, constant angular rate pull - up maneuver in a vertical loop
when the airplane is at a flight path angle γ in the loop.
(b) An airplane of mass 1.5 tonnes, flying at 250 kmph pulls up in a vertical
circular loop of radius 1.2 km. What is the lift required for this maneuver of
the airplane while at a flight path angle γ = 60 degrees to the horizontal?
[8+8]

7. Derive the expression for the derivative of pedal force for the rudder of an airplane
with yaw angle of the airplane. [16]

8. Explain pure convergence and pure divergence and damped and negatively damped
oscillations in the case of an airplane. [16]

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Code No: R05322101 Set No. 3
III B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
FLIGHT MECHANICS-II
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) What are static stability and dynamic stability?

(b) With respect to an aero plane, explain the
i. Longitudinal stability
ii. Lateral stability
iii. Directional stability and
iv. Control. [8+2+2+2+2]
2. The aerodynamic forces and moments on the body are due to only two basic sources
as given below. Explain them with sketches
(a) Pressure distribution over the body surface
(b) Shear stress distribution over the body surface. [8+8]
3. (a) Explain the method of measurement of coupled aerodynamic stability and
damping derivatives in a wind tunnel, with the help of sketches.
(b) State and derive the condition for Prandtl - Glauert compressibility correction.
[8+8]
4. The theory accounting for the effects of the fuselage and nacelle on the airplane
stability is rather a complex one, especially when the interference effects of the
wing and its flow pattern are taken into account. Two methods were used to
predict these contributions. What are the two methods? Support your answer
with required sketches and graphs. [16]
5. (a) What do you understand by the floating tendency of an elevator?
(b) Obtain an expression for the free elevator factor Fe for the horizontal stabilizer
of an airplane.
(c) What is the effect of free elevator factor on the longitudinal stick free static
stability of an airplane?
(d) By what means can you change the free elevator factor of the elevator? [4+4+4+4]
6. (a) Derive an expression for the normal load factor of an airplane in a steady
constant speed, constant angular rate pull - up maneuver in a vertical loop
when the airplane is at a flight path angle γ in the loop.
(b) An airplane of mass 1.5 tonnes, flying at 250 kmph pulls up in a vertical
circular loop of radius 1.2 km. What is the lift required for this maneuver of
the airplane while at a flight path angle γ = 60 degrees to the horizontal?
[8+8]

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Code No: R05322101 Set No. 3
7. Derive the expression for the pedal force for the rudder of an airplane as a function
of hinge moment coefficients. [16]

8. Derive the equations of motion of an airplane constrained to the plane of sym-

metry at constant speed and also derive the characteristic equation of an airplane
dynamics. Discuss the solutions. [16]

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Code No: R05322101 Set No. 4
III B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
FLIGHT MECHANICS-II
(Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Explain, in respect of an aircraft,

(a) Stability
(b) Controllability and
(c) Maneuverability. [4+6+6]

2. Consider a tractor pulling a trailer of mass m. The trailer is attached to the tractor
with an elastic tongue having a spring constant k. The tractor is moving along a
straight and level roadway with a constant velocity V0 . Assuming that the total
resistance force on the trailer is proportional to velocity squared, obtain a linearized
differential equation for the position of the trailer. [16]

3. The estimation of a flight vehicle’s stability and control characteristics is commonly

performed via two sets of parameters. What are they? Explain. [16]

4. Explain
 indetail about the elevator control power with sketches. Derive the equa-
tion dC m
dCL
= −at V ηt [16]
T ail

5. Explain the aerodynamic forces on elevator - stabilizer configuration in the stick

free condition of an airplane. [16]

6. Derive the following equation for elevator for trim of an airplane in a steady level
turn: [16]
2
δe,Turns = δe,0 - [{ 2 n ( W / S ) } / ( ρ V C m,δ )] (d C m / d C L ) Fix
- [ { ( 63 g lt ) / ( τ V2 ) } { n - (1 / n ) } ]

7. Derive the rudder power equation

d C n / d δr = [ - a v (S v / S w ) (l v / b) ηv ] [16]

8. Write the characteristic equations for a pure yawing motion. Explain the terms
involved. [16]

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