CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A.

Background of the Study Today English becomes the most important language because English is an international language. English is more important in our world. English is seriously learned by many people in the world. It is important for people to learn the language, because by learn English, they can absorb the development of science and art. As an international language, English has been used as a means of communication by many countries all over the world. Therefore English is taught not only in formal education but also in informal education. English is taught from kindergarten school to university. So it is reasonable that English is learned by million people in the world. The language can be expressed in the spoken or written forms. There are some elements in the communication, such as the speaker, hearer and the media that are used in communication. Speaking is an important skill because one of the keys in English communication is speaking ability. By mastering speaking skill, they can carry out conversation with others, give ideas and change the information. Now, English is not only taught in big cities but also in villages. So, English speaking is taught in all Junior High Schools in Indonesia. The students should master speaking in English especially in daily conversation because conversation is foundation to communicate with foreigners. In speaking class, the students should be taught how to speak. The components of English speaking skill that should be given and studied in English speaking class are pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, fluency, accuracy and comprehension. Before teaching, a teacher must know the characteristic of their learners first and the teacher must be active so the teaching learning process will be going on. Many elementary school teachers teach their students passively. They just ask their students to open the exercise book, read the task, and then do the exercise. As a result the students become disinterest with English learning process. They

become passive in English learning and they are not able to speak. Therefore the English teaching learning process is not effective. In MTs Muhammadiyah 03 Masaran, the teacher faces many problems in teaching speaking, related to the students, the teacher, and the method, and media used. The teacher in MTs Muhammadiyah 03 Masaran teaches their students passively. The have limited knowledge and experience about effective teaching especially speaking. Many of English teacher pay less attention to speaking skill caused by the fact that there is no oral exam at the final examination. The teacher also admits that they need much improvement at their English pronunciation. Not all the English teachers can create an interesting and exiting condition to motivate the elementary school students in learning English speaking. They let the students only memorizing the vocabulary, instead of using it and the teacher asks the students to write down the words without asking the student to use it in communication. The next problem is concerning the technique and media used. Generally, in MTs Muhammadiyah 03 Masaran the teacher teach speaking using traditional methods. The media used by the teacher are less varied. The only media for formal classes are printed textbooks or printed materials. In English subject, usually students just read texts in their book and then write to answer questions. In teaching speaking there are some principles of teaching speaking. The first is helping students overcome their initial reluctance to speak, encourage, provide opportunity, and start from something simple. The second is asking students to talk about what they want to talk about. The third is asking students to talk about what they are able to talk about. The fourth is providing appropriate feedback. The fifth is combining speaking with listening and reading. The last is incorporating the teaching of speech acts in teaching speaking. (http://www.stanford.edu/dept/CTL/Tomprof/postings/481.html) Based on the principles above jigsaw has criteria as the method to teach speaking. So, the researcher and the English teacher of SMP N 2 Pracimantoro tried to find the solution using Jigsaw in teaching speaking because jigsaw is a cooperative

learning technique that reduce racial conflict among school children, promote better learning, improve student motivation, and increase enjoyment of the learning experience often using to describe the concept of peer tutoring and work partners. Beside that, this method can build the students ability to communicate and share their opinion because if they feel shy or not confident to share their opinion or ask the question to the teacher they can not share and ask their friends who are cleverer in the groups. This method focuses in group work; working in groups is believed to solve the problem. The students that who cant speak in a large class will be more comfortable and can speak out in smaller group. Group member can complete each others strengths and weaknesses in English. Each student has a different background and ability in English, which he or she can bring to the group. This means that the uses of Jigsaw are expected to give a better effect in the teaching speaking. Based on the explanation above, the researcher wants to conduct a research on the correlation between students speaking skill and jigsaw technique the second year students at SMEA Bhakti Mulia Pare. B. Problem Statement Based on the background, the researcher formulates the problem as follows