Global Climatic Change and its impact

Earth Climate
- Earth the only planet known to support life - Climate functions on a natural greenhouse effect. - Result of heat-trapping gases (greenhouse gases) like water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone, methane, and nitrogen dioxide. - Absorb heat radiated from the Earths surface and lower atmosphere radiate much of the energy back toward the surface SUSTAINS LIFE - Without this effect, average temperature would be 35C lower Freezing Cold always, so no life.

How Global Climate is changing

TREMENDOUS INCREASE IN HUMAN POPULATION AND INDUSTRIAL / AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY

Large increases in heat- trapping gases or Greenhouse gases (water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone,methane, and nitrous oxide)

Increase in Global average temperature (& Change in the Normal Water Cycle) Increase in Sea level have increased Change in Rainfall patterns

Global Climate Influences

Climate is influenced by a variety of factors - Natural Factors
Sun
Change in Solar Activity in Cycles

Volcanic Eruptions
Eruptions of Active Volcanoes which cause Volcanic ash and Gases to be present in Atmosphere.

Movement of Earth (tectonic activity)

Release of gases from crust during earthquakes and from defects in earths surface(CO2 & SO2) Slow change in landforms due to this changes Climate

- Human Induced Factors

Human Induced Factors

(1) Increase of Carbon Dioxide
Burning of Fuels for Energy since Industrialization from 17th Century Generation of Carbon Dioxide in Industry Deforestation Agricultural Crops Human Population

(2) Increase in Other Green House Gases

Increase in Methane by increase in Cattle population, Garbage / Sewage generated and Industry Fertilizer usage Increase in Nitrogen dioxides CFC Refrigerants Damage to Protective Ozone Layer Increase in temperatures More Evaporation & More Water Vapour
END EFFECT Increased Heat Retained in ATMOSPHERE

Carbon Dioxide Levels

The increase in the carbon dioxide concentration has been the principal factor causing warming over the past 50 years. Eleven of the last twelve years (1995-2006) were the twelve warmest years in the record of global surface temperatures Will our World heat up as well as choke up and die a slow death on rapidly increasing levels of Carbon Dioxide??
Year
2000 2010-2015 2050/2060 2100

CO2, ppm
369 388-398 463-623 478-1099

FUTURE YEARS VALUES in ppm(Parts per million) ARE PROJECTED BASED ON CURRENT TRENDS

EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE

SCANTY RAIN: ONE AREA UNDER DROUGHT

HEAVY RAINS: ANOTHER AREA UNDER FLOODS!!

ISLANDS DISAPPEARING DUE TO RISE IN SEA LEVEL??

Effects of Climate Change

Temperatures are rising - Global average surface air temperature increased a lot since 1970. - Globally, hot days & nights and heat waves become more frequent Changes in temperature and water cycle affecting Rainfall patterns - Rainfall distribution getting uneven across the globe - Tropical cyclones to become more intense, with heavier precipitation. More heavy rains/hail/snow storms expected. - Some areas to experience droughts. Sea level is rising rapidly - No change in first 2000 years - Sea level rose by roughly 8 inches over the past century - Islands of Maldives & Caledonia under threat of being totally submerged!! Snow & Glacier Cover receding rapidly at the Polar & hilly regions - Polar wildlife and plants under threat. Sea levels increasing

How will it affect us?

Water Scarcity in many regions (deserts created) Agriculture will be affected Food Shortages Reduction in milk, agricultural products, fishery production Disruption in life due to increase in natural calamities Life on islands in the Oceans constantly under threat Extinction of plants and animals which cannot adapt to the frequent climate changes New Diseases and epidemics due to effects on human body

What we can do to reduce impact?

Reduce our energy usage in every possible way
Switch off lights, vehicles when not in use Use Energy Efficient gadgets and vehicles only

Use Green products (biodegradable in natural forms) Reduce use of chemical fertilizers, use natural ones. Plant more and more trees to have good green cover

Not pollute rivers & water bodies with sewage / waste Use Renewable sources of energy like solar, wind, geothermal etc
We also can make a difference by acting RESPONSIBLY and going green in our habits to reduce the Global Climate impact!!