midas GTS 2D Tutorial

MIDAS IT Co., Ltd.

midas GTS Tutorial

Seismic Evaluation of Abutment using Time History Analysis

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midas GTS 2D Tutorial

MIDAS IT Co., Ltd.

1. Overview

Seismic design of abutment Elastic spring using sub-grade reaction coefficient Eigenvalue analysis Point spring with calculated damping constant Long/short/custom frequency Generation Displacement and stability check using Time History Analysis about 3 seismic waves

Abutment Embankment

Clay Weathered Rock Soft Rock

Piles

Starting Files Required

GTS 2D Tutorial.gtb

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MIDAS IT Co., Ltd.

2. Material parameters
Attribute
Attribute Name(ID)
Embankment (1) Clay (2) Weathered Rock (3) Soft Rock (4) Abutment(5)

Type
Plane Plane Plane Plane Plane

Material Name(ID)
Embankment (1) Clay (2) Weathered Rock (3) Soft Rock (4) Abutment (5)

Property Name(ID)

Mesh Set Name

Embankment Clay Weathered Rock Soft Rock Abutment

Steel Piles(6)

Line

Steel Piles (6)

Steel Piles (1)

Steel Piles

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Material
ID Name Type Modulus of Elasticity(E)[tonf/m2] Poissons Ratio() Unit Weight(Y) )[tonf/m3] 1 Embankment Plane 4000 0.35 1.8 2 Clay Plane 850 0.3 1.7 3 Weathered Rock Plane 15,000 0.35 2 4 Soft Rock Plane 30,000 0.27 2.4 5 Abutment Plane 232,000 0.19 2.5

Unit Weight(Saturated) )[tonf/m3]

1.9

1.8

2.1

2.5

2.5

Cohesion(c)[tonf/m2] Friction Angle() K0

1.5 25 1

5 20 1

20 32.5 1

45 35 1

300 36 1

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Structure

Material/ Property

Modulus of Elasticity(E) [tonf/m2] 21000000

Poissons Ratio()

Unit Weight(Y) [tonf/m3]

D [m]

Tw [m]

Steel

0.3

7.85

0.508

0.012

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3. Opening file
1 Open GTS 2D Tutorial.gtb

4. Attribute Definition
This tutorial starts from the condition where Attribute are already defined in the model.

Start midas GTS Program Click on File>Open Select to open GTS 2D Tutorials 28.gtb

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5. Mesh Generation
2

Auto Mesh Planar Area

Select Mesh > Auto Mesh > Planar Areafrom the Main Menu
Select the highlighted edges from the picture Mesh Type: Triangle

Mesh Size: Element Size : 1

Attribute ID: 5 Mesh Set: Abutment

Uncheck Register Each Area Independently Button

Click [Apply]Button

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Auto Mesh Planar Area

Select the highlighted edges from the picture

Mesh Type: Triangle

Mesh Size: Element Size: 1 Attribute ID: 1: Embankment Mesh Set: Embankment 1 Click [Apply]Button

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Auto Mesh Planar Area

Select the highlighted edges from the picture Attribute ID: 1: Embankment Mesh Set: Embankment 2 Click [Apply]Button Follow the same process to create layers of Clay, Weathered Rock, and Soft Rock.

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Extract Element

! Quick Note
If you get an error message of Fail to get information from shape, the internal edges probably had not been selected during mesh generation. Please delete all Mesh Sets and regenerate them

From Main Menu, select Model > Element > Extract Element

Select Edge from From Shape

Select 20 edges as shown in the picture Attribute ID: 6: Steel Piles

Mesh Set: Steel Piles

Click [OK]Button

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Calculating Sub-grade Reaction Coefficients

Vertical Reaction Coefficient

Lateral Reaction Coefficient

Here,

Cross Sectional area (cm2) Embankment(Left) 110101.57

Subgrade Reaction Coefficients (tonf/m3) 4396.80

Embankment(Right)
Clay Weathered Rock Soft Rock(Side) Soft Rock(Bottom)

8822.06
35199.65 20100.68 109470.01 527483.86

11329.76
1432.90 31198.72 33047.24 18324.93
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midas GTS 2D Tutorial

Create Surface Spring

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From Main Menu, select Model > Element > Create Surface Spring
Object >Type: Element Edge Element Width: 1 m Select element edges on the left side of Embankment 2 Modulus of Subgrade Reaction: Kx = 4396.8

Click [Apply]Button.
Select element edge on the right side of Embankment 2. Modulus of Subgrade Reaction: Kx = 11329.76

Using the same procedure, assign Surface Springs to Clay, Weathered Rock, Soft Rock.

! Quick Note
Since Embankment 2 has different area on each side, we assign Surface Spring separately. However, for the rest of soil layers, both sides can be assigned with the same modulus together.
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For the bottom of Soft Rock, make sure to assign with Kz.

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Support

From Main Menu, select Model > Boundary > Support

BC Set: Bottom Support

Select all bottom nodes as shown in the picture. Select Fixed

Click [OK] Button

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Analysis Case

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Analysis > Analysis Case

From Main Menu, select Analysis > Analysis Case

Click on Add
Name: Eigenvalue Analysis Analysis Type: Eigenvalue

Click on

to open Analysis Control

Number of Frequency:30 Click [OK] Button

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Analysis

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Analysis > Solve

! Quick Note
The analysis process information is displayed in the Output Window. When a warning messag e is displayed, the analysis result will become ab normal. In such a case, we should carefully revie w the model for error.

The result file is stored in .TA formats of the extension. The analysis process information is stored in .OUT files.

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10

Eigenvalue Analysis Result

From Main Menu select Results > Result Tables > Vibration Mode Shape

Select all modes from Active Dialog box and click on OK.
Check the periods of 2nd and 14th modes where mass participation is the largest. Keep the record of frequencies of 1.8328 Cycle/sec and 5.3787 Cycle/sec.

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Damper Calculation
About P-wave, : Volumetric Elastic Modulus (tonf/m2) G: Shear Elastic Modulus (tonf/m2) E: Elastic Modulus : Poissons Ratio A: Section Area

About S-wave,

Here,

cp(tonfsec/m3) Embankment Clay 34.32 14.08

cs(tonfsec/m3) 16.48 7.52

Weathered Rock Soft Rock

70.05 95.76

33.65 53.75

17

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11

Create Surface Spring

From Main Menu, select Model > Element > Create Surface Spring Object>Type: Element Edge

Element Width: 1 m
Select element edges on both sides of Embankment 2. Check on Damping Constant/Area.

Insert Cx= 34.32

Insert Cx= 16.48 Click [Apply] Button Using the same procedure, assign Surface Springs to Clay, Weathered Rock, Soft Rock. For the bottom of Soft Rock, make sure to assign with correct Cx and Cz (Cx = Cs, Cz=Cp).

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11. Ground Acceleration

12

Ground Acceleration
From Main Menu, select Model > Load > Time History Analysis Data > Ground Acceleration Click on Click on Add Enter Hachinohe as Load Set Name Select on Direct Integration on Analysis Method End Time: 25 sec Time Increment: 0.01 sec button in Time History Load Set

Step Number Increment for Output: 1

Check on Calculate from Modal Damping in Damping

Enter the frequencies for 1st and 2nd modes from previous analysis.
Enter Damping Ratio as 0.05

Click [OK] Button.

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13 Ground Acceleration

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Create two more load sets, Ofunato and Artificial, as shown in the picture.

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14 Ground Acceleration

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Click on Function

button on Function Name in Time Forcing

Click on Add Time Function

Function Name: Hachinohe

Time Function Data Type: Normalized Accel. The acceleration value is already stored in an excel sheet, and copy and past to the table. Click [OK] Button
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15 Ground Acceleration

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Create two more forcing functions, Ofunato and Artificial, as shown in the picture.

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Ground Acceleration

In Time History Load Set, select Hachinohe. Function Name: Hachinohe

Direction: X
Click [Add] Button Using the same procedure, create Ground Acceleration for Ofunato and Artificial.

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17 Analysis Case

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Analysis > Analysis Case

From Main Menu select Analysis > Analysis Case

Click [Add]Button
Name: Hachinohe Analysis Type: Time History

Check Empty on Initial Element and Initial Boundary in Analysis Model

Drag and drop the corresponding boundary condition and load from Set Tree into Activated. (Abutment, Embankment 1, Embankment 2, Clay, Weathered Rock, Soft Rock, Steel Piles, Surface Spring 7-11) Click [OK] Button

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18 Analysis Case

MIDAS IT Co., Ltd.

Analysis > Analysis Case

Click on Add in Analysis Case and create an Analysis Case for Ofunato.
Follow the same procedure for Artificial.

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18 Analysis

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Analysis > Solve

Check off Eigenvalue.

! Quick Note
The analysis process information is displayed in the Output Window. When a warning messag e is displayed, the analysis result will become ab normal. In such a case, we should carefully revie w the model for error.

The result file is stored in .TA formats of the extension. The analysis process information is stored in .OUT files.

26

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19 Displacement

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From Main Menu select Result > Time History Data > Time History Graph Click on Define/Modify Function Function Data>Name: X-Displacement Select a node on the top right corner of abutment Component: Dx Analysis Case: Hachinohe. Click [Add] Button

Click [Close] Button

Check on X-Displacement in Function List, and click [Add from List] Button. Check on X-Displacement in Y Axis and click [Apply] Button The nodal displacements and the maximum value of X over time can be found.
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Displacement

From Main Menu select Result > Time History Data > Time History Plot Analysis Set: Hachinohe Result : Displacement > DX

! Quick Note
Other result components such as soil stress and structural member force can be also check over time using this function.

Corresponding Dx contour plots will be presented over Time Steps

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21 Beam Fx

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Post Works Tree > TH:Hachinohe > Hachinohe(All) > 1D Element force > Beam Fx It displays axial force of piles.

Post Works Tree > TH:Hachinohe > Hachinohe(All) > 1D Element Stresses > Beam Ssz It displayed shear stress of piles.

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