PREFACE

For, B.B.A. student project work and industrial visit are most important activity. I got the chance to visit the same under the industrial training CORAL GRANITO PVT. LTD.

The industrial visit is very important visit for the B.B.A. student and for their future professional activities. A person who learn from lot of the books but without experience is incomplete. Practical knowledge is equally important like rhetorical knowledge for management student.

I am also thankful to our lecturer Mr. Dhaval Baga and Mrs. Shital shodha for providing proper and useful guidance of my industrial visit and project report.

Such industrial visits are very knowledge and informative. It is very important for the management student.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
To acknowledge is very great way to show your gratitude towards the persons who have contributed in your success in one or other way.

At the very outset of training I deem it is my pious duty to express my sincere thanks to Mr. PRATIK PATEL for his continuous guidance and supervision during the training period.

My most profound thanks to my revered guide Mr. DHAVAL BAGA & Mrs. SHITAL SHODHA, Whose generous and able guidance has always been an unfailing source of inspiration throughout my training period.

Last but not least, my gratitudes are to my family members for helping me constantly in preparing this report.

Signature

Bhoraniya Pratik

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Sr. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Particulars General Information Production Depart ment Personnel Department Marketing Department Finance Depart ment SWOT Analysis Future Plans Suggestion Conclusion Bibliography

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Sr. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Particulars Bio Data of Co mpany History & Development of Organization Organization Chart Size of the firm Form of Organization Location and site preference Time Keeping Syste m

BIO DATA OF COMPANY

Name of the Firm Year of Establishment Form of Organisation Size of Organisation Location of Factory

CORAL Granito Pvt. Ltd. 2007 Private Limited Medium Scale CORAL Granito Pvt. Ltd. Old.Rafaleshwar Road, B/H. Lalpar Village, Morbi-2 +91-2822-291 365 +91-2822 291 364 coragranito@yahoo.in www.coralgranito.com Vitrified Tiles 107 SBS Main Branch, Morbi Pravinbhai Patel Laljibhai sarasiya Harshadbhai suvariya Bharatbhai Zalariya Maheshbhai patel Dharmshibhai panara 29 Crores 15 Acres National and International

Phone Number Factory Fax Number E-Mail Web Site Product No. of Employees Bankers Name of Promoters

Board of Directors

Investment Area Covered Market

HISTORY &

DEVELOPMENT OF
ORGANISATION
The coral & pravin group is a private company limited which produces different kinds of things. Each and every unit has got other

industries of its town. It contained when the firm was incorporated, who were the raise, what way its purpose, what are the products manufactured by them, etc.

This group all promoters are mostly from the Morbi, which comes under the District Rajkot. They incorporated to cultivation and they have good business of floor and wall tiles in morbi. It is established in 2004.

Looking to the demand of ceramic floor tiles experience in this line is most important and the group has more than 60 dealers network, which is necessary to business. So, they have also started another industry, under the name and style of M/s. Coral floor tiles.

In 2007, they have also started another industry, under the name and style of M/s. CORAL Granito Pvt. Ltd. This industrys product is to manufacture vitrified tiles only.

ORGANISATION
CHART

Chairman

Production Department Production Manager Laboratory Testing Supervision Manager

Marketing Department Marketing Manager Marketing Officer Dispatch Executive State Marketing Manager Marketing Office

Finance Department Finance Administrative Chief Accountant

Sales

Accountant

Workers

Clerk

Peon

SIZE OF THE FIRM

According to the definition given by Government of India, the size of the industry can be divided into three main types.  Small Scale Organization  Medium Scale Organization  Large Scale Organization If co mpanys invest ment in plant and machinery is more than 3 corers, it is called large scale organization.

The investment of CORAL Granito Pvt. Ltd. in fixed assets is of Rs. 17,01,00,000. Therefore, it is coming under the category of large scale organization. It also uses manpower, electronic machinery and having more than 1700 workers.

FORM OF ORGANISATION

According to the form of organization, the organization can be divided as follows:  Private sector unit  Public sector unit  Joint sector unit In this firm, it is a private limited firm.

LOCATION AND SITE PREFERENCE

The site of this unit is located at Old Rafaleshwar Road, at lalpar, which is only 14 Kms. away fro m Morbi City. It is in

ceramic zone with numbers of other ceramic units. It is a main and most important part of industry has chosen very simple and suitable location. It plays a vital role for location.

Land In Lalpar at Morbi, land and labour are found very cheap, so CORAL Vitrified tiles started at this place.

Labour In big city labour cost is very high, but in Lalpar at Morb i provide cheap and educated skilled labour because of the cera mic zone is situated.

Transport In Lalpar at Morbi is situated in ceramic zone, so transportatio n facilities are also available.

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Sr. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Particulars Introduction Raw Material Availability Raw Material Used Inspection of raw material Types of machines Process of production About products

INTRODUCTION
The production of a firm is concerned with the creation of a product or services required to satisfy customer needs. In any business, suppliers are needed for product or service, it is quite obvious that activities of production system must be related to the customer demand or reflected in the continuous flow of order.

It is the most important department amongst the other departments of an organization. Personnel department, finance department, marketing department are very much depended on production department.

RAW MATERIAL AVAILABILITY

Raw materials are the basic requirement for any industry. Raw materials are converted into finished goods after various processes on it.

Raw materials are available with help of roadways if purchased from the country. If the materials are purchased from other countries than it is available with help of railways.

RAW MATERIAL USED

 List of raw materials used for production of vitrified tiles

Raw Material
Pots feldspar Soda feldspar Quartz Ball Clay Ashapura Clay Kadappa Clay China Clay Ukraine Clay STPP Body Stain Soluble Salts LPG Zircon

INSPECTION OF RAW MATERIAL

Raw materials are inspected and checked before they are sent to production department. It is maintained in Coral as per guidelines of ISO9002.

Flow chart for inspection of raw material can be showed as follows.

 Sampling from truck  MC% content  Grinding  Drying  Powder preparation  MC% addition  Pressing  Drying  Firing  Loss on ignition  Fired color  Water absorption

TYPES OF MACHINES

90% of machineries used in Coral Vitrified Tiles are imported from Japan.

List of Machineries  Weighing hopper  Conveyor  Wader  Ball mill  Stirrer  Blunger  Spray drier  Slip pump  Silos  Vibrator with magnet  Elevator  Hydraulic press (h600 mt)  Chilling plant  Loading machine  Horizontal dryer cooler box  Glaze line

 Unloading machine  Screen printing machine  Compensator  Head polishing line  Fast single layer roller kiln  Chamfering line  Souring line  Plastic strapping machine  Fork lift  Air compressor  Vertical drier  Generators

PROCESS OF PRODUCTION

Production process is very important process as the product manufactured in the company should satisfy the need of the customer. The quality is also to be maintained and the given target should be achieved in the given time period. The following are the main production stages.

Processing of raw material

The first and foremost step to manufacture vitrified tiles is batching i.e. feeding the box with different types of clay according to the percentage decided. Batching includes following types of clay.

 Ukraine Clay 16%  Ball Clay 5%  China Clay 20%  Soda Feldspar  Potash Feldspar  Quartz 5% 19% 35%

Formation of tile body and drying

The powder is taken from the silos and after sieving on a vibrator fitted with a magnet, it is fed into hoppers of the hydraulic press where the powder is pressed in the shape of a tile of specific size as per the cavity of the die. Green tiles coming out of the press are sent to the horizontal roller dryer where they are heated to a specified temperature to remove the moisture.

Preparation of designs and screen printing of tiles

In the glaze line and printing section, various types of designs are prepared and printed on the dried tiles by applying colors on the screen printing machine.

Firing
The tiles thereafter are fed into the fast single layer roller kiln in which the tiles are fired. The kiln has different temperatures ranging from 5000C to 15000C in different zones.

Polishing
The baked tiles are subjected to polishing by using 32 head polishing line. The tiles are also side chamfered. Multi finish tiles do not need polishing operation.

Sorting and packing

The polished tiles are subjected to quality checking and sorting, where an operation marks out tiles with defects and different grades quality. Different grades of finished tiles are then packed into different types of packing box which are marked accordingly.

ABOUT PRODUCTS
Coral Vitrified Tiles are manufacturing vitrified tiles having various categories and sizes. They manufacture tiles of different plain colors like:  Terry cotta

 Galaxy

 Aliens

 Jaisalmer

 Teak Wood

 Ivory

 Sophia

 Carrara

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Sr. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Particulars Introduction Organization Chart Recruitment and Selection Human Resource Planning Placement & Induction Training of Employee Wage & Salary Administration Record Keeping System Employee Benefits Promotion & Transfer

INTRODUCTION

Personnel management has a vital importance in modern industrial organization. Personnel department is the part o f

manage ment, which is primarily concerned with establishment and maintenance of personnel relations.

In this co mpany, there is a separate personnel depart ment, where all the decision regarding the personnels is taken b y personnel manager. He has the final authority. The personne l

manager of this firm is Shri

ORGANISATION CHART

Board of Director Managing Director Executive Director Personnel Director

In CORAL Vitrified Tiles Pvt. Ltd., separate department for personnel for the achievement of goals and the personnel manager has authority and higher status in the organization in his own depart ment.

RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION

Recruitment Every firm or co mpany needs persons to perform different works. In this shifting process only manpower have bee n It is a linking

determined, recruitment is next logical step.

activity bringing together those with job and those seeking job.

According to one author, Recruitment is the process o f finding and attracting capable applicants for employment. The

process begins when new results are sought and ends when their applications are submitted. The result is a pool of applicants

from which new employees are selected.

Selection Selection is a process of carefully choosing the candidates who offer themselves for appointment. In selection many

processes applies on raw material but unit wants few persons. This is one of the most important responsibilities. In selection, the person who is having knowledge as well as experience is selected.

According

to

one

author,

It

is

the

process

of

differentiating between applicants in order to identify those with a greater livelihood of success in a job.

Here in case of CORAL Granito, the co-selection process includes basic four main steps.  Preliminary searching interview  Checking of reference  Comprehensive interview  Final employment decision.

HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING

Human resource planning is understood as the process o f forecasting an organizations future demand for and supply of the right type of people in the right number. It is only after this that the human resource depart ment can initiate a recruit ment and selection process. Human resource planning is a sub-syste m in the total organizational planning. Organizational planning

includes management activities that set the companys objectives for the future and determine the appropriate means for achieving those objectives. Human resource planning facilitates the

capitalization of the co mpanys objectives by providing the right type and right number of personnel. Human resource planning is like material planning that estimate the type and annuity of the materials and supplies needed to facilitate the manufacturing activities of the organization. Human resource planning is

variously called manpower planning or employment planning.

In case of this industry, human resource planning is done as per the need.

PLACEMENT & INDUCTION

An applicant who has cleared all the hurdles in the selection procedure is offered a job. The main problem after

final selection is to place him on some suitable job. The out of offering the job to a finally selecting candidate is called placement. The selection procedure comes with placement of

workers on the job.

Induction is a technique by which a new employee is rehabituated into the changed surrounding and introduced to the practices, policies and purpose of the organization. In other

words, induction means introducing or orienting a new e mployee to the organization and to follow up for his adjustment in the organization.

In this industry, when a new employee is selected, he is kept under the supervision of his superior where he is trained. The new e mployee is provided with the operational knowledge that is specific to the position and location.

TRAINING OF EMPLOYEE

Training refers to the imparting of specific skills abilities and knowledge to an e mployee.

It is any attempt to improve current or future e mployees performance by increasing an employees ability to perform through learning, usually by changing the employees attitude or increasing his/her skills and knowledge. The need for training is determined by the employees performance deficiency.

At present training of workers is necessary because many jobs have assumed highly technological character and under auto mation. We require highly skilled operatives. In CORAL

Granito, the workers who need training are kept under their supervisors who give them training while training for staff me mbers or managerial level is given on the job.

WAGE & SALARY ADMINISTRATION

Wage and Salary Ad ministration refers to the establishment and implementation of sound policies and practices of employee compensation.

Wages are the econo mic co mpensation paid to the workers for services derived by them. It can be divided into two types

i.e. piece wage and time wage. In CORAL, there is time wage syste m and it is paid on monthly basis. There wages are

calculated as per monthly wage rate according to the minimu m wages act of government. Salaries are paid on monthly basis and its amount is by the co mpany according to working efficiency of the employee.

RECORD KEEPING SYSTEM

It is very much necessary for an organization to keep the reward of its workers and many other details related to it.

The reward contains personnel as well as on the job efficiency information of an employers or workers. In CORAL Granito, the supervisor sees the employee ability to do work properly and effectively whether he understand his responsibilit y or not, how is his behavior towards his colleagues, etc.

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

Now a day, most of the firms provide the provident fund sche me or other facilities to their workers. It is important as it is one kind of security of a worker.

CORAL Granito provides various monitory and non monitory benefits and services like:  Bonus workers. 10% extra bonus is paid to workers. Various types of allowances are given to

 Allowances

CORAL provides two wheeler facilities (Honda &

Splendor) and 100% expense of petrol.  Statutory Welfare Measures Under this, the company

provides first aid facility, cold water facility, co mpany distributes sweets and other eatables on the festivals like Dashera, Diwali, etc.  Loan Facility Loan is provided to employees when in need.

They are not charging any type of interest on the loan. It is repaid in installments.

PROMOTION & TRANSFER

Promotion The pro motion means to do uplift ment within the

organization.

At this stage employees wage and salary status, Their thinking is also

prestige moves towards the top level.

increasing up in his duties and responsibilities.

Therefore, a pro motion is a vertical upward move ment in rank & responsibility.

Transfer The transfer is a process of planning the e mployees in the position where they are likely to be more effective, or where they are likely to get more job satisfaction or it is movement o f an e mployee fro m one job to another without involving any substantial changes in his duties, responsibility, status, etc.

Therefore, transfer is exchange in job where new job is substantially equal to old in terms of pay, status and

responsibilities.

This company is only 2 years old, so there is no such polic y and programs formulated for promotion as well as transfer.

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Sr. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Particulars Introduction Organization Chart Market Segmentation Pricing Advertisement Channel of Distribution Market Research Credit Facility Sales Promotion Competitors Consumer problem handling

INTRODUCTION

Market is the place where buying and selling is carried out by buyers and sellers i.e. trading activity are carried out.

Marketing is a social and manage ment process that involves identifying unsatisfied needs or wants of the consumers,

producing goods or services to satisfy those needs or wants, determining appropriate price, promotion and distributing and maintaining relation with the market.

In todays modern area each and every firm gives priorit y to have a different marketing department. Marketing involves

the activities such as advertising, publishing, market research, distribution aspect, sales pro motion, etc.

ORGANISATION CHART

Board of Director Chairman Managing Director Marketing Manager Assistant Manager Regional Manager District Manager Area Manager Salesman

MARKET SEGMENTATION

Market segmentation is based upon the market oriented strategies and philosophy segmentation gives special e mphasis on the de mand size of the market.

Market segmentation is a method of achieving maximum market response from limited marketing resources by the markets for to identify the target customer. Generally, there are two types of market segmentation.  People oriented approach  Consumer de mand or product oriented approach. In case of CORAL, there is no need for market segmentation. Their market is fixed, so they think that there is no need o f market segmentation. They produce the item according to orders they receive.

PRICING

Price is the amount charged for the product or service including any warranties or guarantees, delivery, discounts, services or other ite ms that are paid of the conditions of sale and are not paid for separately. To the buyer price is a package or expectations and satisfactions.

Pricing is an important decision that every co mpany has to take high price or low price may create a bad reputation o f company. The price of a product is a crucial decision.

In CORAL Granito, pricing policy is cost + profit. Whatever expenses have incurred during the manufacturing of product is considered + profit is too included. Co mpetitors price are also considered, their prices are higher than their

competitors.

ADVERTISEMENT

Now a day, marketing plays an important role for the entire organization. Marketing is very much necessary for all the

products as without marketing the consumer will have lack of information about the products. Thus, to make the consumers

aware of the product, marketing is done.

CORAL advertise their products on very large scale. O n Chitra-Lekha, Hoardings and together. They advertise their products on television and also do wall paintings all over India. They also distribute pamphlets for the same.

CHANNEL OF DISTRIBUTION

The word Channel has its origin to the French word used for Canal. Thus, channel is route through which goods passes from one end to another. In other words, the route through

which goods move fro m the place of production to the place o f consumption is called Channel Distribution. Channel of

distribution is the pathway or route through which goods are transferred fro m the hands of producer to the consumers or fro m the seller to the buyer.

According to one author, A channel of distribution for a product is the route taken by the title to the goods as they move from the producer to ultimate consumer.

In this industry, the distribution channel is

Manufacturing Of Company Dealers

Consumers

MARKET RESEARCH

Market

research

is

the

systematic

and

intelligent

investigation or study of the who, what, where, when, why and how of actual and potential buyers.

It is the syste matic gathering rewarding and analyzing of data about problems connected with the market place. It is the scientific and controlled process of gathering of non routine marketing information helping manage ment to solve marketing proble ms. It acts as the investigative aims of marketing manager and management tool in planning control cycle.

In this industry, first of all they study about custo mers require ments. They try to introduce good facilities every time, they have a marketing research team which goes all over country.

CREDIT FACILITY

To run the business smoothly and regular cash flow, company gives some credit facility to the buyers.

CORAL also does the same thing. They sell those products in the market on cash and credit basis. They give 3 crores credit facility to the buyers.

SALES PROMOTION

Sales pro motion consists of short term incentives to encourage purchase or sales of a product or service. It is demand stimulating devices designed to supple ment advertising and facilitate personal selling. It is a direct induce ment which offers an extra value and incentive for the product to and sales force distributors to ultimate custo mers.

In this industry, they do not adopt any technique because of potential marketing and potential customers.

COMPETITORS

It is rightly said that, Without co mpetitors market does not survive.

CORAL is also starving in to sale its products in the competitive market by continuous development of a product finding new areas of consumption.

Their co mpetitors are  Kajaria  H R Johnson  City tiles  Vita  Ramoji(ramco), etc.

CONSUMER PROBLEM HANDLING

Custo mer is the king of the market, is a very attractive slogan. Consumers generally never face any problem for

CORAL but in spite of this, if any problem arises than following hierarchies of proble m handling is followed.

Problem of Government Agent Marketing People Experts of Company Discussion Solution

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Sr. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Introduction

Particulars

Organization Chart Capital Structure Accounting Policy Means of Finance Working capital requirement Financial Planning

INTRODUCTION

Finance plays a very important role in any type of the firm. From the initial stage awards money is needed for the

information registration of the firms, listing of the firm. Finance is needed for making necessary documents.

Finance consists of procuring funds, managing and utilizing them efficiently in order to maximize the profit, which is ultimate goal of any organization.

ORGANISATION CHART

Finance Cum Account Department

Finance Manager And Accountant

Assistant Account

Computer Section

CAPITAL STRUCTURE

Procurement of capital is the most important process of an organization. Capital can be of two types i.e. ownership capita l and borrowed capital. Ownership capital can be procured b y

issuing equity shares and sometimes preference shares and borrowed capital can be procured by issuing debentures, bank loan, etc.

The capital structure of CORAL is very simple as it has issued desirable equity debt ration of 1:2.

ACCOUNTING POLICY

Accounting policy of CORAL Granito as under:

The co mpany maintains its accounts on historical cost basis. The current assets, loans, and advances, liabilities are

approximately of value stated if realized in ordinary course of business.

The co mpany follows the accrual me thod of accounting and all claims, receivables and liabilities are provided on that basis.

Depreciation is provided during year at prevailing rates prescribed by co mpanys act 1956.

MEANS OF FINANCE

The project is to be funded through promoters equity funds. Term loan as also working capital facilities form bank and unsecured loans from the relatives of promoters.

Sr. 1 2 3

Particulars Total Equity Term Loan Unsecured Loan Total

Amount (Laces) 2,050 750 200 2,900

It is proposed that unsecured loan will not be repaid till repayment period of term loan is not over.

WORKING CAPITAL REQUIREMENT

Working capital require ment means it is necessary to maintain stocks of raw materials and to finance the funds blocked in goods in process, finished goods, overheads, etc. Total working capital requirement for first year has been estimated at Rs. 958 Laces. The working capital is proposed to be through Bank finance to the tune Rs. 2300 Laces and pro motions funds at Rs. 160 Laces.

FINANCIAL PLANNING

Financial management also requires managing for effective manage ment of finance as it is the part of management. Financial planning means decisions to be taken to achieve basic objectives of the firm.

The basic objective of finance planning is to raise the necessary funds as and when needed. At minimum cost cash

should be controlled properly. There are three types of financia l planning.  Short term planning  Medium term planning  Long term planning In CORAL Granito Pvt. Ltd. there is long term financia l planning.

SWOT ANALYSIS

SWOT Analysis means the analysis of S W O T Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat

Strength  CORAL Granito Pvt. Ltd. is giving employment around 200 employees.  Strong market presence  Develop rural area to reach at the global position. Weakness  Irregularity in time cost.  CORAL industry entered late in the market Opportunity  Rapidly and continuous growth in the market, so company will Think about expansion.

Threat  Highly co mpetitive market against imported vitrified tiles.

FUTURE PLAN

Future plan of CORAL Granito is to become leading companies in the Vitrified tiles all over the world.

They will be installing new latest machines for increasing production and various designs and ranges to meet the upcoming market needs. Also, they wanted to try serving backward class by giving those services.

SUGGESTION

Actually, we are just students. It is not our capacity to give suggestions. CORAL Granito Pvt. Ltd. is having smoot h

relation, nice organization and sincere workers.

There is no requirement to give any kind of suggestion, but as a part of study it is necessary to give suggestions, which are as under:  Having a wide market itself in India, only little is exported. Instead of if they increase their export and step into wide international market to compete their quality, through this profit increases.

CONCLUSION

From this unit, I learn as many things, I am very much happy to visit the company. Deep study of CORAL Granito Pvt. Ltd, I came to give my conclusion that its future is very bright and they will progress well.

The

co-operation

of

the

employees

is

good.

The

manage ment is also effective and efficient. All the departments are also handled by authorized person who have great experience and it is one of the response of success of the firm.

So, I wish the company makes more and more profit, fulfill the future plans and get good and global market.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Sr.no Author name

1 L.m. Prasad

Title

publication

Principle and practice 2003-04 of manage ment

2 3 4

Philip kotler ___ ___

Marketing management chitralekha abhiyan

2005-06 October 2006 October 2006

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