Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
PREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xvii
How to Use This ASHRAE GreenGuide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xvii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
SECTION I: BASICS
CHAPTER 1GREEN/SUSTAINABLE HIGH-PERFORMANCE DESIGN . . . . . . . . . . 3
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Relationship to Sustainability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Commitment to Green/Sustainable High-Performance Projects . . . . . . . . . . . 6
What Drives Green Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Ingredients of a Successful Green Project Endeavor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
The Engineering/Energy Conservation Ethic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Incentives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Building Team Spirit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
CHAPTER 2BACKGROUND AND FUNDAMENTALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Sustainability in Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Fundamentals of Related Engineering Topics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Applications to HVAC&R Systems and Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Summary of Engineering Application Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
References and Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
vii
43
44
50
50
51
52
55
56
56
57
60
61
62
62
73
76
76
82
83
85
88
91
91
91
91
93
viii
ix
195
198
202
203
207
207
209
215
215
251
253
260
262
262
262
275
286
289
289
291
292
297
298
299
299
299
299
299
xi
xi
GREENTIPS
ASHRAE Building-Type GreenTip #1: Performing Arts Spaces . . . . . . . . 63
ASHRAE Building-Type GreenTip #2: Health Care Facilities . . . . . . . . . . 65
ASHRAE Building-Type GreenTip #3: Laboratory Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . 67
ASHRAE Building-Type GreenTip #4: Student Residence Halls . . . . . . . . 69
ASHRAE Building-Type GreenTip #5:
Athletic and Recreation Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
ASHRAE GreenTip #6: Night Precooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
ASHRAE GreenTip #7: Air-to-Air Energy Recovery
Heat Exchange Enthalpy Wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
ASHRAE GreenTip #8:
Air-to-Air Energy RecoveryHeat Pipe Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
ASHRAE GreenTip #9:
Air-to-Air Energy RecoveryRun-Around Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
ASHRAE GreenTip #10: Displacement Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
ASHRAE GreenTip #11: Dedicated Outdoor Air Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
ASHRAE GreenTip #12: Ventilation Demand Control Using CO2. . . . . . 162
ASHRAE GreenTip #13: Hybrid Ventilation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
ASHRAE GreenTip #14:
Pulse-Powered Chemical-Free Water Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
ASHRAE GreenTip #15:
Variable Flow/Variable Speed Pumping Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
ASHRAE GreenTip #16: CHP Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
ASHRAE GreenTip #17: Low-NOx Burners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
ASHRAE GreenTip #18: Combustion Air Preheating. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
ASHRAE GreenTip #19: Combination Space/Water Heaters . . . . . . . . . . 224
ASHRAE GreenTip #20: Ground-Source Heat Pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
ASHRAE GreenTip #21: Water-Loop Heat Pump Systems . . . . . . . . . . . 230
ASHRAE GreenTip #22: Thermal Energy Storage for Cooling . . . . . . . . 233
ASHRAE GreenTip #23: Double-Effect Absorption Chillers . . . . . . . . . . 238
ASHRAE GreenTip #24: Gas-Engine-Driven Chillers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
ASHRAE GreenTip #25: Gas-Fired Chiller/Heaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
ASHRAE GreenTip #26: Desiccant Cooling and Dehumidification . . . . . 244
ASHRAE GreenTip #27: Indirect Evaporative Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
ASHRAE GreenTip #28: Passive Solar Thermal Energy Systems . . . . . . 264
ASHRAE GreenTip #29: Active Solar Thermal Energy Systems . . . . . . . 266
ASHRAE GreenTip #30: Solar Energy SystemPhotovoltaic. . . . . . . . . 269
ASHRAE GreenTip #31: Solar Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
xii
xiii