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SwitchgearTrainingCentre,Coonoor
Type2CoordinationinLowVoltage MotorFeeders DOLStarter
by:K.Sivakumar,SwitchgearTrainingCentre,Coonoor.
Type2Coordination
WhatisCoordination?
Type2Coordination
Coordinationis:TEAMWORK
Type2Coordination
Onemaybeabrilliantperformerindividually.But, whenhe/sheisputinateam,he/shemayfail miserably. Thebestexamplecanbethe100mIndividualand the4x100mRelayRacesintheOlympicgames. Haveyourcheckedhowmanyathleteshavewon boththe100mIndividualandthe4x100mRelay Golds intheOlympicgames?
Type2Coordination
Soalso,inamotorfeedertoo,itdoesntmatter howindividualcomponentsareperformingto control&protectthemotor. Whatmattersishowdotheyperforminco ordinationwiththeothercontrol&protective devicesinthesamefeeder. This,infact,isCoordinationinMotorfeeders.To understandthisletusselectswitchgearfora typicalmotorfeederandstudythesame.
Type2Coordination CaseStudy
MOTORDATA
SQUIRREL CAGE INDUCTION MOTOR 50 HP, IrM = 70A, ILR = 6 IrM STARTING METHOD : D.O.L. STARTING TIME: 4 seconds
SelectionofContactor
Now, how do you select a contactor?
The rated operational current (Ie) of the contactor at the given utilisation category should be more than or equal to the load current. In this case, we are not given the Utilisation Category. So, safely we can assume the worst case, that the Utilisation Category needed is AC-4. That is, the contactor to be selected should have an Ie of 70A or more at AC-4. Say, you can select contactor Type MNX-80 of L &T, whose AC-4 rating is 70A.
The rated making capacity of the contactor should be more than the starting current of the motor. It is given that this motors starting current is 6IrM (i.e.) 6 x 70 = 420A. As per IS, the minimum making capacity of any contactor at AC-4 is 12Ie. In our case, this would be 12 x 70 = 840A. So, the contactor selected, has got adequate making capacity, to switch ON this load in the given application.
In the Utilisation category AC-4, the motor may be switched OFF even as it is accelerating. So, the rated breaking capacity of the contactor also should be more than the starting current of the motor. It is given that this motors starting current is 6IrM (i.e.) 6 x 70 = 420A. As per IS, the minimum breaking capacity of any contactor at AC-4 is 10Ie. In our case, this would be 10 x 70 = 700A. So, the contactor selected, has got adequate breaking capacity, to switch OFF this load in the given application.
The selected contactor should be able to carry the starting current for the starting duration without any damage. As per IS, any contactor should be able to withstand carrying 8 times its rated current @ AC 3 for 10 seconds, without any damage. In the case given, the AC 3 rating of the contactor is 80A. So, it can withstand 800A for 10 seconds. The starting current is 420A. Now, how long can this contactor carry 420A without damage?
The formula is: I21t1 = I22t2, where, I1 = Tolerable current as per IS = 800A t1 = Tolerable time for I1as per IS = 10s I2 = Actual Current = 420A t2 = Tolerable time for actual current Substituting, we find that this contactor MNX 80 can withstand carrying 420A for 36.28 sec. Whereas the starting time is only 4 sec. Hence, this contactor can safely withstand the starting current for the given starting time.
Contactor Selected Ie (AC 3) Ie (AC 4) Making Capacity @ AC3 Making Capacity @ AC 4 Breaking Capacity @ AC 3 Breaking Capacity @ AC 4 Short time withstand MNX 80 80A 70A 800A 840A 640A 700A 800A for 10s.
SelectionofThermalOverloadRelay
Now, how do you select a Thermal Overload Relay?
The full load current of the motor should lie towards the maximum setting in the relay range. For this motor, there are two possibilities of OLRs (viz.) 45-75A & 66-110A. In both the relays, one can set the motors FLC of 70A as the setting. But, going by the above rule, we can select a 45 75A OLR for this motor. Say, Relay Type MNX-R4 with a setting range of 45 75A. This contactor mounted relay can fit on to the Contactor selected (MNX 80).
At the given setting, the OLR should not trip during starting, for the given magnitude of starting current. The set current is 70A and the starting current is 420A. Going by the I-T curve of this relay, one can find that this relays trip time range, for this current is 6 to15 seconds. The minimum trip time is 6 seconds. But, the motors acceleration time is only 4 seconds. So, this relay will not trip during starting of the motor.
Motor Full Load Current Staring Current @ 6IrM Staring Time Relays available: 70A 420A 4 sec. 45-75A & 66-110A 45-75A 70A 6 to 15 sec. 6 sec.
Relay selected (MNX-R4) Relay Setting Relay Trip time for 6IrM (i.e.) 420A Minimum Trip Time -
This is more than the starting time of 4 seconds. So, relay selected is okay.
A word of caution though! Supposing that this motors acceleration time is more than 6 seconds, then one should not select this relay for this application. (This relay is a Class 10A Relay). One has to go for an OLR with the same setting range, but a higher Trip Class, say, Class 20 or Class 30. Say, MNX-R5L, with a setting range of 42-69A. But, this has to be a separate mounted type as this relay cannot be contactor mounted to MNX 80 . Also, in such a case, the contactors short time withstand c a p a c i t y h a s t o b e v e r i f i e d .
SelectionofHRCFuse
TYPICALCURVEOFCURRENTDURINGAD.O.L.START
12 IrM
CURRENT(RMS)
6 IrM
IrM
10 ms
tst
TIME
SelectionofHRCFuse
Motor Full Load Current Inrush Current @ 12IrM Inrush Duration Staring Current @ 6IrM Staring Time Fuse Selection: Condition 1: In of Fuse shall be > 70A; Condition 2: Operating time of fuse for Motor Inrush Current, shall be greater than 10 m.sec. Condition 3: Operating time of fuse for Motor Starting Current, shall be greater than 4 sec. 70A 840A 10 milliseconds 420A 4 sec.
SelectionofHRCFuse
Required Available 80A Fuse 100A Fuse 80A 180 ms 3.5 s 100A 210 ms 10 s
In > 70A Tf for 840A > 10 ms Tf for 420A > 4 sec.
So, 80A Fuse is not suitable, as it blows within 3.5 sec. for the starting current, thus not allowing motor starting. Hence, select 100A Fuse for this feeder.
SelectionofHRCFuse It is to be noted that this 100A Fuse is suitable - only when considered individually. In co-ordination with OLR & Contactor, this may not be suitable. Lets study this:
SelectionofHRCFuse
Op. time for current multiples 45-75A OLR set @ 70A 100A Fuse 5 IrM 350A 12 sec. 18 sec. 50 sec. 6 IrM 420A 9 sec. 7 IrM 490A 7.5 sec. 5 sec. 8 IrM 560A 6.5 sec. 9 IrM 630A 5.5 sec. 10 IrM 700A 5 sec.
10 sec. 20 sec.
125A Fuse
12 sec.
9 sec. 5 sec.
SelectionofHRCFuse
Remember! we had selected an 80A Contactor for this motor, whose breaking capacity is at least 640A. Now, if we select the 100A Fuse, as can be seen from the chart, it will operate before the OLR, even for a current of 490A, which is well below the breaking capacity of the contactor. Thereby, recurring expenditure is involved, as the fuse blows quicker than the OLR, even for currents the contactor is capable of breaking. Thus, this fuse is not suitable for this motor.
SelectionofHRCFuse
Hence, we have to go for a 125A Fuse. Now, this fuse will allow the OLR to operate for all currents up to about 630A and will take over from the OLR at 630A, which is just close to the breaking capacity of the contactor. So, the contactor can be utilised to break currents up to its breaking capacity. Recurring expenses in fuse replacement costs are minimised. So, 125A HRC Fuse selection is OKAY for this
motor.
Justforverification Startercomponentsfor50HPDOL
Make L&T Switch 125A Fuse 125A Contactor 80A OLR 4575A FLC considered 69A
ThankYou
stccoonoor@LNTEBG.com sivakumark@LNTEBG.com

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Type2CoordinationinLowVoltage MotorFeeders DOLStarter

In > 70A Tf for 840A > 10 ms Tf for 420A > 4 sec.

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