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Conception, Characterization, Design, Optimization and Assessment of Advance Wireless Networks

Effective Wireless Network Design LEONHARD KOROWAJCZUK CelPlan Technologies, Inc.


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CelPlan Technologies
CelPlanner Suite software

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Design Planning Optimization Performance Business Case/ RFP preparation Vendor Selection Network Design Network Optimization Technology Training High Level consulting
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Consulting

Wi4Net Division
Citywide Video Surveillance Networks for Public Safety
Los Angeles Long Beach Milwaukee Reading McAllen Toledo Modesto Taylorsville

Technology (4.9 GHz)


Wi-Fi WiMAX
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Publications
White papers
Designing WiMAX Networks available Designing LTE Networks in preparation

Books
Designing cdma2000 Systems published by Wiley in 2006- 963 pages, available in hard cover, ebook and Kindle LTE , WiMAX and WLAN Network Design, Optimization and Performance Analysis published by Wiley (June 2011)- 750 pages

Books in Preparation:
Smart Grids Network Design Backhaul Network Design

Technology Training Class


WiMAX Forum Network Designer Certification Bootcamp
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Why Planning WiMAX is different from 2G and 3G ?

AMC Adaptive Modulation and Coding


Network Capacity is 6 times larger when using 64 QAM then when using QPSK User location affects significantly capacity

WiMAX is data centric and networks have to be designed with latency, error rates and other parameters in mind Services, applications, user location and equipment have to be modeled in detail Better RF propagation models are required
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Factors
Base SNIR FEC Mobility Symbol Permutation HARQ Effect MIMO Reduction Factor with fading RX Diversity gain TX Diversity gain DL Spatial Multiplexing UL Collaborative MIMO AAS Beamforming Antenna Correlation Multipath Fading Modulation BER

Radio Sensitivity

Conditions

Results
Maximum Data Rate Sensitivity
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Network Capacity
Unsatisfied customers are the ones that consume system capacity
Power Control
Transmit Power (dBm)- max 30 dBm

35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -5 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 Distance (m) for 20 dB/decade path loss

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Capacity Solutions
Limit low data rate users
Smaller cells (300 to 400 m radius for indoor coverage) Limit by signal level Limit by distance (zoning) Limit QPSK access

Deploy CPEs that support 64QAM Minimize Interference (frequency and code planning)
Segmentation Zoning Permutation

Look for resource assignment bugs


CPE Base Station
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Predict Network Performance


RF characterization
Fading Indoor penetration Summer and winter

3 D propagation models 3 D traffic distribution Dynamic traffic simulation KPI analysis


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Fading Measurements

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Winter and Summer

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Korowajczuk 3D model
Diffraction is considered in the vertical and horizontal planes Fractional morphology is used (Fresnel zone consideration) Simultaneous outdoor and indoor prediction Fading calculated per pixel

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K3D Prediction

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K3D Measurements/Predictions

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Traffic management
Users want maximum speed and unrestricted data plans Radios should always work at maximum data rate allowed by each connection Traffic restrictions should only kick-in when the network is congested Look for multiple IPs Understand traffic profile M2M applications can be an issue
Reboot offender CPEs
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Automatic Site Location


Site choice according to:
Traffic capability Availability of LOS Cost Budget Revenue

Stop criterion was 99% of maximum possible traffic using all candidates

Line of Sight Study

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Interference Considerations
To do Resource Optimization Software has to know the interference between any pair of sectors The best way to express interference is as an outage against an SNIR

Uplink Interference from multiple cells

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Dynamic Traffic Simulation


Market is modeled through Service Classes
Services Terminals
CPE radio

Environment

Sessions are randomly generated in proportion to the traffic layers associated with them
Snapshot

Network is modeled by BTS and path loss is predictions


BTS
Radio Link budget

Scheduler and Resource Management algorithms assign calls, interference is replaced by an average noise rise Statistics are recorded for snapshot
Served Sessions Rejected Sessions Served Traffic Rejected Traffic Queued traffic
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KPI Analysis
Traffic Throughput KPI at 75% of Peak Rate (within QPSK coverage area)
Service Class Code Class Name Peak Down (kbps) Peak Up (kbps) Target Percentag e of Peak Rate Target Rate (Mbps) Target Sessions Percentage of Sessions Percentag above Target Rate e DL 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% 87% 91% 93% 82% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% UL 93% 66% 48% 48% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% DL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS Status Minimum Throughput Achieved at Target Percentage of Sessions (kbps) UL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS DL 512 768 1024 2048 36 512 768 1024 2048 36 512 768 1024 2045 36 UL 256.0 368.7 456.1 456.1 36.0 256.0 384.0 512.0 512.0 36.0 256.0 383.9 512.0 512.0 36.0 Average Throughput Achieved (kbps) DL 479.2 724.2 971.8 1863.0 36.0 509.0 767.4 1023.6 2032.5 36.0 509.1 767.4 1022.9 2027.7 36.0 UL 240.9 319.4 377.7 378.1 36.0 254.9 383.0 508.9 508.3 36.0 255.4 383.7 511.4 512.0 36.0 DL c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 c7 c8 c9 c10 c11 c12 c13 c14 c15 ID-512k256k ID-768k384k ID-1M512k ID-2M512k ID-VoIP36k ODLow512k-256k ODLow768k-384k ODLow1M-512k ODLow2M-512k ODLowVoIP-36k ODHigh512k-256k ODHigh768k-384k ODHigh1M-512k ODHigh2M-512k ODHighVoIP-36k 512 768 1,024 2,048 36 512 768 1,024 2,048 36 512 768 1,024 2,048 36 256 384 512 512 36 256 384 512 512 36 256 384 512 512 36 75% 75% 75% 75% 75% 75% 75% 75% 75% 75% 75% 75% 75% 75% 75% 384 576 768 1536 27 384 576 768 1536 27 384 576 768 1536 27 UL 192 288 384 384 27 192 288 384 384 27 192 288 384 384 27

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Multi floor/environment traffic distribution


Subscribers above 20th floor Subscribers above 10th floor and below 20th floor

Subscribers above 4th floor and below 10th floor

Subscribers above ground level and below 4th floor

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Applications
Video Surveillance
Public safety requires high definition video 24 h 2 Mpixel images at 24 fps can be compressed to 1 Mbit/s Two to four cameras per sector Directional antennas assure 64 QAM connectivity

Smart Grids
Metering and control requirements Five nine availability is required for some control applications with small latency (< 30 ms)

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Public Video Surveillance


Backhaul and cost are issues Wi-Fi first tier WiMAX second tier

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Thank You!

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